CN111186981A - Multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge - Google Patents
Multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111186981A CN111186981A CN202010077970.7A CN202010077970A CN111186981A CN 111186981 A CN111186981 A CN 111186981A CN 202010077970 A CN202010077970 A CN 202010077970A CN 111186981 A CN111186981 A CN 111186981A
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- sludge
- zone
- oil
- oil sludge
- cracking
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005752 Copper oxychloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;copper Chemical group [Cu].ClOCl HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
Abstract
The invention provides a multistage treatment system for oil sludge, which can be matched with a storage or conveying area for the oil sludge, and also comprises a dehydration area, an evaporation area and a cracking area which are sequentially arranged, wherein the dehydration area is matched with an I-stage heating component to ensure that the temperature of the oil sludge reaches 100-class sand-doped temperatures of 200 ℃, the evaporation area is matched with a II-stage heating component to ensure that the temperature of the oil sludge reaches 200-class sand-doped temperatures of 300 ℃, and the cracking area is matched with a III-stage heating component to ensure that the temperature of the oil sludge reaches above 300-class sand-doped temperatures of 400 ℃. The invention can separate a plurality of components in the oil sludge respectively, realizes resource recycling, basically has no pollution release and has good environmental protection performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment technology of oily sludge.
Background
The oily sludge is formed by mixing crude oil or finished oil into soil or other media, the oil content in the oily sludge cannot be directly recovered and can cause pollution, and the oily sludge is one of the main pollutants in the petrochemical industry.
The oily sludge generally comprises a stable suspended emulsion system consisting of oil-in-water (o/w), water-in-oil (w/o) and suspended solids, the dehydration effect is poor, the sludge components and physical properties are influenced by factors such as sewage quality, treatment process, medicament addition and the like, the difference is large, the treatment difficulty is high, the oil content difference is large, part of the oily sludge has recycling value, and the oily sludge contains harmful substances such as PAHs, heavy metals and the like and also has radioactive pollution to the environment.
The patent application number 2012101036336 discloses a resource treatment method of oil field oil sludge, which comprises the following steps: the specific processing steps for preparing the reclaimed rubber by using the oily sludge are as follows: preliminary pretreatment of oil-containing sludge (removing impurities such as gravel in the sludge) → preheating and heating up of a reaction kettle in advance → mixing waste rubber powder (10% -40%) according to a certain proportion, oil-containing sludge (60% -90%), rosin (0.1% -0.2%) in the reaction kettle → closing the reaction kettle, so that the oil-containing sludge reacts in the reaction kettle for 60 minutes under the pressure of 20MPa and at the temperature of 220 ℃ → after the reaction is finished, gas in the reaction kettle is discharged for pressure reduction → temperature reduction → discharge, and the desulfurized regenerated rubber powder is obtained. The invention can not remove heavy oil in sludge basically.
The invention with application number 2018109215242 discloses an oil sludge recycling treatment process, which comprises the steps of classifying oil sludge, regarding the oil sludge with the water content and the oil content of less than 40% as solid oil sludge, and regarding the oil sludge with the water content and the oil content of more than 40% as fluid/semi-fluid oil sludge. The fluid state/semi-fluid state oil sludge is directly modulated or modulated by adding water to form fluid state oil sludge, and the four separation items of residual oil, polymer, water and sludge are realized through modulation and are respectively collected. This invention does not disclose how to achieve a specific separation technique for the four components.
The invention can be given beneficial inspiration according to the statement of using coal-fired additive to prevent boiler coking published in Guangxi light industry at 3 rd year 2001.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
provided is a multistage treatment system for sludge, which can separate and treat water, light oil, and heavy oil in sludge, and can sufficiently recover and utilize chemical energy.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a multistage treatment system for oil sludge, which comprises dehydration zones (with dehydration or drying functions, or called dehydration devices, dehydration equipment and the like, and other zones are similar), evaporation zones (evaporating small molecular organic gases) and cracking zones (cracking large molecular organic substances) which are arranged in sequence (position sequence or time sequence) according to a treatment process, wherein different zones can be different or the same accommodating tanks. The dewatering area is connected with or before the sludge storing or conveying device.
In addition, an inlet for placing a coking agent can be reserved on the oil sludge storage or conveying device, and an anti-coking agent (the anti-coking agent is high-temperature resistant, non-volatile and non-decomposing, the oil sludge added with the anti-coking agent is not easy to coke in the later cracking process, copper oxychloride powder can be selected to accelerate the separation of water vapor and micromolecular organic matters; preferably, an M506 coal-fired additive is selected, is suitable for being used in solids, is superior to a cracking anti-coking agent of pure heavy oil, has the functions of preventing coking and removing ash, and can reduce the consumption of organic micromolecular combustible substances; cracking catalyst is added or added in the process of adding the anti-coking agent so as to accelerate the process of cracking reaction.
The dehydration zone is provided with a 100-plus-200 ℃ I-stage heating component, so that a large amount of water in the oil sludge can be removed, and most of light oil at the lower temperature cannot be released; the evaporation zone is provided with a 200-grade-II heating component at 300 ℃, so that a large amount of light oil removed from the oil sludge can be gasified and released, and collected and utilized (for example, the evaporation zone is used for burning to provide a heat source for heating and dehydrating the dehydration zone); the cracking zone is preferably a closed device (other zones such as an evaporation zone and the like are also preferably closed devices, an inlet or an outlet can be opened according to the requirement of a treatment process) to prevent the deflagration caused by contacting with air, and the cracking zone is matched with a III-grade heating component with the temperature of more than 300-; the rest sludge becomes solid matter.
The solid substance is cooled to below 100-200 ℃ through cooling treatment in a cooling zone, so that deflagration and even explosion caused by air or oxygen when the solid substance is discharged at high temperature after being in a powder state are avoided. In addition, the temperature does not need to be reduced too much, energy consumed by cooling is reduced, and the exhaust gas is naturally cooled.
And then adding air or oxygen into the mixed gas for combustion, transferring the heat generated by combustion through the heat exchange of the heat exchanger, and transferring the absorbed heat to a dehydration region for auxiliary heating of the dehydration region (or any region in an evaporation region and a cracking region, preferably the dehydration region, wherein the heat generated by heat exchange is generally lower than the temperature required by the cracking region, and when the recovered heat is less, the heat can also be lower than the temperature required by the evaporation region, so that the heat required by the dehydration region can be self-supplied, and the consumption of an external heat source in the dehydration region is reduced), and the recovery and utilization of waste heat are realized. The mixed gas before combustion can be absorbed by alkali solution (firstly absorbed and then combusted, full oxides are removed, heat consumption is reduced, the combustion value of the gas is increased, meanwhile, the corrosion of corrosive gas to a heat exchanger is reduced), and the mixed gas contains valuable acidic oxides such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like, and is recycled after being absorbed. The mixer can be absorbed by lye and then discharged after burning, thereby further removing the pollution of the absorbable harmful waste gas to the environment.
Has the advantages that:
the invention can separate and release the water and the light oil in the oil sludge respectively, the light oil is used as a useful resource for recycling, the heavy oil can be cracked and released to form small molecules, the combustible gas in the oil sludge can be fully utilized, the chemical energy hidden by the light oil and the heavy oil can be converted into recyclable heat energy through combustion, and the recyclable heat energy can be reused in the system for drying and dehydrating the sludge, so that the resource recycling is realized, the energy is saved, and the consumption is reduced. Meanwhile, the discharged gas is basically free of organic substances, and the environmental protection performance is good. The treated sludge can not generate dangerous accidents such as deflagration and the like when being discharged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure and flow of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic configuration and flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The multi-stage treatment system for the oil sludge shown in fig. 2 comprises a dehydration zone, an evaporation zone and a cracking zone which are sequentially arranged according to position or time sequence, wherein a storage device for the oil sludge is connected in front of the dehydration zone; the dehydration area is matched with a I-stage heating component, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 100-.
The oil sludge is added with an anti-coking agent in advance. An evaporation zone is connected behind the dehydration zone, and a cracking zone is arranged behind the evaporation zone; the evaporation zone is matched with a II-stage heating component, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, and a large amount of light oil in the oil sludge is gasified and released; the cracking zone is matched with a III-grade heating part, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 300-400 ℃ or above, a large amount of heavy oil in the oil sludge generates cracking reaction, the heavy oil is changed into small molecular substances, mixed gas substances are released, and the rest solid substances are remained.
And burning the light oil released from the evaporation zone or the mixed gas released from the cracking zone in air or oxygen, exchanging heat of the generated heat through a heat exchanger, and transmitting the heat to a dehydration zone for dehydrating the oil sludge.
The cracking zone is a closed device, and the cracked mixed gas is absorbed by an alkali absorption tank before combustion.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge comprises a dehydration zone, an evaporation zone and a cracking zone which are sequentially arranged according to position or time sequence, wherein a storage or conveying device for the oil sludge is connected in front of or in connection with the dehydration zone; the dehydration area is matched with a grade I heating component, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 100-;
the method is characterized in that:
an evaporation zone is connected behind the dehydration zone, and a cracking zone is arranged behind the evaporation zone;
the evaporation zone is matched with a II-stage heating component, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, and a large amount of light oil in the oil sludge is gasified and released; the cracking zone is matched with a III-grade heating part, so that the temperature of most of the oil sludge can reach 300-400 ℃ or above, a large amount of heavy oil in the oil sludge generates cracking reaction, the heavy oil is changed into small molecular substances, mixed gas substances are released, and the rest solid substances are remained.
2. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge of claim 1, wherein: the oil sludge is added with an anti-coking agent in advance.
3. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the evaporation zone or the cracking zone is a closed device.
4. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge of claim 1, wherein: and burning the light oil released by the evaporation zone or the mixed gas released by the cracking zone in air or oxygen, exchanging heat of the generated heat through a heat exchanger, and transmitting the heat to the dehydration zone or the evaporation zone or the cracking zone for dehydrating, evaporating or cracking the oil sludge.
5. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge of claim 1, 2 or 4 wherein: the cracking zone is also connected with a cooling zone, the temperature of the rest solid substance is cooled to be below 100 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the phenomenon of dust explosion caused by the contact of the dried solid substance and air when the dried solid substance is discharged is avoided.
6. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge of claim 1 or 4, wherein: before combustion, the mixed gas is absorbed by an alkali absorption tank.
7. The multi-stage treatment system of sludge of claim 2, wherein: the anti-coking agent is copper oxychloride powder or M506 fire coal additive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010077970.7A CN111186981A (en) | 2020-02-02 | 2020-02-02 | Multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010077970.7A CN111186981A (en) | 2020-02-02 | 2020-02-02 | Multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111186981A true CN111186981A (en) | 2020-05-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010077970.7A Pending CN111186981A (en) | 2020-02-02 | 2020-02-02 | Multi-stage treatment system for oil sludge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111186981A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102452776A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-05-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for treating oil sludge |
| CN105693055A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Oil-sludge separation and gasification recycling method |
| CN106219940A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-12-14 | 西安华诺环保股份有限公司 | A kind of vapours processes oily sludge technique |
| CN110217970A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-10 | 上海亿景能源科技有限公司 | Oily sludge desiccation gasification installation |
-
2020
- 2020-02-02 CN CN202010077970.7A patent/CN111186981A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102452776A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-05-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for treating oil sludge |
| CN106219940A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-12-14 | 西安华诺环保股份有限公司 | A kind of vapours processes oily sludge technique |
| CN105693055A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-22 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Oil-sludge separation and gasification recycling method |
| CN110217970A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-10 | 上海亿景能源科技有限公司 | Oily sludge desiccation gasification installation |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 张轮亭 等: ""稠油热采注汽锅炉焦垢预防及清焦措施"", 工业加热, vol. 46, no. 6, pages 51 - 55 * |
| 罗秀梅 等: ""使用燃煤添加剂预防锅炉结焦"", 广西轻工业, no. 2001, pages 23 - 24 * |
| 诸泽人: ""裂解炉结焦抑制及清焦技术"", 乙烯工业, vol. 26, no. 2, pages 51 - 55 * |
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