CN111186858B - Preparation method of vanadium bismuth red and application of vanadium bismuth red as pigment - Google Patents
Preparation method of vanadium bismuth red and application of vanadium bismuth red as pigment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of vanadium bismuth red, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a metal nitrate mixed solution of bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate, and an ammonium salt mixed solution of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate; 2) dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a sodium hydroxide solution, and adjusting the pH value to prepare a sodium metavanadate solution; 3) standing and cooling the sodium metavanadate solution to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to obtain a sodium vanadate solution; 4) heating the sodium vanadate solution, mixing the sodium vanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1), heating after heat preservation reaction, mixing with the metal nitrate mixed solution obtained in the step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, and performing salting-out reaction to obtain vanadium bismuth red. The core of the invention lies in innovation in process route and optimization in parameters, the process is simple, the raw materials do not contain polluting components, the invention has the characteristics of cleanness and environmental protection, and the obtained vanadium bismuth red product is red, and has the advantages of strong tinting strength, environmental protection and no toxicity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic pigment preparation, in particular to a preparation method of vanadium bismuth red and application of the vanadium bismuth red as a pigment.
Background
Bismuth vanadate is also called 184 yellow, bismuth yellow, molybdenum bismuth yellow, titanium bismuth yellow and bismuth yellow 184 internationally, and the successful production and development of German Pasteur marks the birth of a new generation of environment-friendly materials.
The known lattice structures of bismuth vanadate are four types, and the color of the bismuth vanadate is different according to the lattice structure:
1. tetragonal crystal is scheelite type crystal, and can be used as yellow pigment;
2. tetragonal crystal, which is a zirconium silicate type crystal, is very light yellow;
3. orthorhombic crystal is a vanadate mineral crystal, and bismuth vanadate mineral existing in nature is brown;
4. monoclinic crystal can be used as yellow pigment.
Therefore, the color of the bismuth vanadate crystal in the natural state is the color of a yellow color, and the bismuth vanadate crystal is widely applied due to the advantages of good performance, environmental protection, no toxicity and the like.
At present, in the field of preparation of bismuth vanadate, a plurality of technologies are reported, and the common methods comprise:
1. aqueous solution precipitation method: adding Bi3+And V5+The salt high-purity solution generates Bi-V oxide-hydroxide colloid under a certain condition, the temperature is increased for crystallization, and precipitate crude pigment is formed and can be coated by phosphate or oxide to improve the performance;
2. a calcining method: the oxide in a certain proportion is added with a small amount of accelerant, the obtained dry colloid can be used for replacing a matrix, and the pigment crystal is formed by calcining at the temperature of over 600 ℃. The soluble fraction is washed with alkali.
For example, patent application No. CN200710095910.2 discloses a method for preparing an ultra-fine bismuth vanadate yellow pigment, which specifically discloses the following: bismuth nitrate, sodium metavanadate or sodium vanadate is used as a main raw material, and a yellow pigment consisting of superfine bismuth vanadate particles is prepared by controlling a proper reaction pH value and a proper reaction temperature. And by adding a surfactant or changing a vanadium source, the morphology of the particles can be further controlled, and spherical particles with the diameter of 50-150 nanometers, flaky bismuth vanadate with the length of 100-200 nanometers and the width of 50-100 nanometers or rod-shaped bismuth vanadate with the length of 200-300 nanometers are respectively prepared.
In summary, the main application form of the bismuth vanadate is an application form mainly based on yellow pigment, and the bismuth vanadate has a single color and cannot meet the requirements at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing vanadium bismuth red, which adopts special raw materials and processes to make bismuth vanadate show a special red color, and has the advantages of no extra pollutant emission, environmental protection and no pollution in the whole process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation method of vanadium bismuth red comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a sulfuric acid solution to obtain an ammonium salt mixed solution;
2) dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 11-14 to obtain a sodium metavanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium metavanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain a sodium vanadate solution;
4) heating the sodium vanadate solution, mixing the sodium vanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1), heating after heat preservation reaction, mixing with the metal nitrate mixed solution obtained in the step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, and reacting to obtain vanadium-bismuth red.
Preferably, the mass concentrations of the substances of bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in the metal nitrate mixed solution are respectively 1-3 mol/L, 0.1-0.3 mol/L and 0.05-0.15 mol/L;
the mass ratio of the ammonium sulfate to the ammonium chloride to the ammonium nitrate is 5: (3-5): (8-12) NH in ammonium salt mixed solution4 +The concentration of (b) is 6-12 mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the nitric acid solution in the step 1) is 10-16 mol/L, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution in the step 1) is 14-18 mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the NaOH solution in the step 2) is 6-12 mol/L.
Preferably, the acid in step 3) is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
Preferably, in the step 4), the volume ratio of the sodium vanadate solution to the ammonium salt mixed solution is 1: (0.25-0.4), wherein the volume ratio of the mixed sodium vanadate solution to the mixed metal nitrate solution is 1: (1-1.5).
Preferably, the heating temperature in the step 4) is 60-90 ℃, the heat preservation reaction time is 30-90 min, the temperature rise temperature is 90-102 ℃, and the reaction time after temperature rise is 60-120 min.
Preferably, the salting-out reaction further comprises the following steps:
1) pumping out and washing the bismuth vanadate precipitate obtained in the salting-out reaction in the step 4) for 2-3 times to obtain a pure bismuth vanadate product;
2) and drying the pure bismuth vanadate product at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain vanadium bismuth red.
The invention also provides application of the vanadium bismuth red obtained by the preparation method in the technical scheme as a pigment.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a preparation method of vanadium bismuth red, wherein the vanadium bismuth red is also a bismuth vanadate compound, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a metal nitrate mixed solution of bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate, and an ammonium salt mixed solution of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate; 2) dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a sodium hydroxide solution, and adjusting the pH value to prepare a sodium metavanadate solution; 3) standing and cooling the sodium metavanadate solution to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to obtain a sodium vanadate solution; 4) heating the sodium vanadate solution, mixing the sodium vanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1), heating after heat preservation reaction, mixing with the metal nitrate mixed solution obtained in the step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, and performing salting-out reaction to obtain vanadium bismuth red. The core of the invention lies in innovation on the process route and optimization on the parameters, toxic and harmful substances such as toluene and the like used in the traditional process are not adopted in the raw materials of the process method, the process method has the characteristics of cleanness and no toxicity, the red bismuth vanadate product is prepared by innovation on the route and adjustment of the parameters (especially the pH value), and simultaneously, due to the addition of elements such as bismuth, aluminum, molybdenum and the like, the valence state of vanadium in the vanadium bismuth red product is promoted, and the red bismuth red product has the advantages of high redness (bright red), fine granularity, good crushing performance, 3.4 PP oil absorption value, good affinity with paint and ink compatibility, high temperature resistance (420-520 ℃) in rubber and plastic and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of vanadium bismuth red, which comprises the following steps:
1) dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a sulfuric acid solution to obtain an ammonium salt mixed solution.
2) Dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 11-14 to obtain a sodium metavanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium metavanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain a sodium vanadate solution;
4) heating the sodium vanadate solution to boiling, mixing the sodium vanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1), heating after heat preservation reaction, mixing with the metal nitrate mixed solution obtained in the step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, and reacting to obtain vanadium bismuth red;
there is no time sequence restriction between the step 1) and the step 2).
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials involved in the production process are not particularly limited in their sources, and commercially available products may be used.
In the invention, bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate are dissolved in a nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution, and the concentration of the bismuth nitrate in the metal nitrate mixed solution is preferably 1-3 mol/L, more preferably 1.5mol/L by molar concentration; the concentration of the aluminum nitrate is preferably 0.1-0.3 mol/L, and more preferably 0.15 mol/L; the concentration of the molybdenum nitrate is preferably 0.05-0.15 mol/L, and more preferably 0.1 mol/L. In the invention, the concentration of the nitric acid solution is preferably 10-16 mol/L, and more preferably 12 mol/L.
The ammonium sulfate, the ammonium chloride and the ammonium nitrate are dissolved in the sulfuric acid solution to obtain the ammonium salt mixed solution. In the present invention, the addition ratio of the ammonium sulfate, the ammonium chloride and the ammonium nitrate is preferably 5: (3-5): (8-12), more preferably 5:4: 10. in the present invention, NH in the ammonium salt mixed solution4 +The molar concentration of (b) is preferably 6 to 12mol/L, and more preferably 8 mol/L. In the invention, the molar concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is preferably 14-18 mol/L, and more preferably 16 mol/L.
According to the invention, ammonium metavanadate is dissolved in a NaOH solution, and the pH value is adjusted to 11-14, so that a sodium metavanadate solution is obtained. In the invention, the concentration of the NaOH solution is preferably 6-12 mol/L, and more preferably 8mol/L by molar concentration. In the invention, the pH value is adjusted to 11-14, preferably 12; in the invention, the reagent for adjusting the pH value in the process of dissolving ammonium metavanadate in sodium hydroxide to obtain a sodium metavanadate solution is preferably a sodium hydroxide solution; in the invention, in terms of application, the function of adjusting the pH is to ensure the addition of strong alkali sodium hydroxide to promote the forward progress of the following reaction (1), and simultaneously, the addition of the sodium hydroxide is controlled to avoid the occurrence of the reaction (2) and improve the yield of the sodium vanadate;
NH4VO3+NaOH→NaVO3+NH3+H2O (1)
NH4VO3+3NaOH→Na3VO4+NH3+2H2O (2)
after obtaining the sodium metavanadate solution, standing and cooling the sodium metavanadate solution to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain the sodium vanadate solution. In the present invention, the kind of the acid is preferably hydrochloric acid or nitric acid in terms of the kind of the acid; the concentration of the acid is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the acid solution concentration known to those skilled in the art as the acid-base modifier may be used.
After obtaining the sodium vanadate solution, the invention heats the sodium vanadate solution, mixes the sodium vanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution in the technical scheme, and keeps the temperature for reaction. In the present invention, the volume ratio of the sodium vanadate solution to the ammonium salt mixed solution is preferably 1: (0.25 to 0.4), and more preferably 1: 0.25. In the invention, the heating temperature is preferably 60-90 ℃, and more preferably 80 ℃; the heat preservation reaction time is preferably 30-90 min, and more preferably 60 min.
After the heat preservation reaction, the obtained reaction solution is heated, then is mixed with the metal nitrate mixed solution in the technical scheme, the pH value is adjusted to 1-2 by adding acid, and the vanadium bismuth red is obtained through salting-out reaction. In the present invention, the volume ratio of the sodium vanadate solution to the metal nitrate mixed solution is preferably 1: (1-1.5), more preferably 1: 1; in the invention, in terms of application, the bismuth is a necessary raw material and also plays a role in enhancing adhesion, the addition of the aluminum can increase the smoothness of the vanadium bismuth red product, and the molybdenum has double functions of a filler and a stabilizer and can promote the phase change of the product in the reaction. In the invention, the heating rate is preferably 6-10 ℃/min; the temperature after the temperature rise is preferably 90-102 ℃, preferably 100 ℃, and the solution is in a boiling state in a reaction state; the salting-out reaction time is 60-120 min, and preferably 90 min.
In the present invention, the salting-out reaction preferably further comprises the following steps after obtaining the bismuth vanadate precipitate:
1) draining the bismuth vanadate precipitate, and washing for 2-3 times to obtain a pure bismuth vanadate product;
2) and drying the pure bismuth vanadate product at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain vanadium bismuth red.
After obtaining the bismuth vanadate precipitate, the present invention preferably drains the bismuth vanadate precipitate. The pumping process is preferably carried out by adopting a pumping machine, and the reagent for washing after pumping is preferably water;
after obtaining the pure bismuth vanadate, the invention preferably dries the pure bismuth vanadate to obtain the vanadium bismuth red. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 100-120 ℃, and more preferably 100 ℃.
The invention also provides application of the vanadium bismuth red as a pigment. The vanadium bismuth red product prepared by the method has the characteristics of strong tinting strength, environmental protection, no toxicity and the like, and can be applied to the fields of traffic signs, coatings, ink additives, automobile finish, rubber products, plastic products, food, children toys and the like.
Example 1
1) Dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a 10mol/L nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution with the concentrations of the bismuth nitrate, the aluminum nitrate and the molybdenum nitrate being 1mol/L, 0.1mol/L and 0.05mol/L respectively;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 5:5:8 in a 14mol/L sulfuric acid solution to obtain NH4 +The concentration is 6mol/L ammonium salt mixed solution.
2) Dissolving 100kg of ammonium metavanadate in 6mol/L NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 11 to obtain sodium vanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium vanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 2, and obtaining a meta-vanadate solution;
4) heating the metavanadate solution to 60 ℃, mixing the metavanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1) according to the volume ratio of 1:0.25, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30 min;
5) and continuously heating the solution to 90 ℃, mixing the solution with the metal nitrate solution in the technical scheme according to the volume ratio of 1:1, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 1, and reacting for 60min to obtain the vanadium bismuth red.
Example 2
1) Dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a 12mol/L nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution with the concentrations of the bismuth nitrate, the aluminum nitrate and the molybdenum nitrate being 1.5mol/L, 0.15mol/L and 0.1mol/L respectively;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 5:4:10 in a sulfuric acid solution of 16mol/L to obtain NH4 +The concentration is 8mol/L ammonium salt mixed solution.
2) Dissolving 100kg of ammonium metavanadate in 8mol/L NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 12 to obtain sodium vanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium vanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 3, and obtaining a meta-vanadate solution;
4) heating the metavanadate solution to 80 ℃, mixing the metavanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1) according to the volume ratio of 1:0.3, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 60 min;
5) and continuously heating the solution to 100 ℃, mixing the solution with the metal nitrate solution in the technical scheme according to the volume ratio of 1:1.25, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 1.5, and reacting for 90min to obtain the vanadium bismuth red.
Example 3
1) Dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a 16mol/L nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution with the concentrations of the bismuth nitrate, the aluminum nitrate and the molybdenum nitrate being 3mol/L, 0.3mol/L and 0.15mol/L respectively;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 5:3:12 in 18mol/L sulfuric acid solution to obtain NH4 +The concentration is 12mol/L ammonium salt mixed solution.
2) Dissolving 100kg of ammonium metavanadate in 12mlo/l of NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 14 to obtain a sodium vanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium vanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 4, and obtaining a meta-vanadate solution;
4) heating the metavanadate solution to 90 ℃, mixing the metavanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1) according to the volume ratio of 1:0.4, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 90 min;
5) and continuously heating the solution to 102 ℃, mixing the solution with the metal nitrate solution in the technical scheme according to the volume ratio of 1:1.5, adding nitric acid to adjust the pH value to 2, and reacting for 120min to obtain the vanadium bismuth red.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the vanadium bismuth red is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) dissolving bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in a nitric acid solution to obtain a metal nitrate mixed solution;
dissolving ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in a sulfuric acid solution to obtain an ammonium salt mixed solution;
2) dissolving ammonium metavanadate in a NaOH solution, and adjusting the pH value to 11-14 to obtain a sodium metavanadate solution;
3) standing the sodium metavanadate solution, cooling to room temperature, and adding acid to adjust the pH value to 2-4 to obtain a sodium metavanadate solution;
4) heating the metavanadate solution, mixing the metavanadate solution with the ammonium salt mixed solution obtained in the step 1), heating after heat preservation reaction, mixing with the metal nitrate mixed solution obtained in the step 1), adding acid to adjust the pH value to 1-2, and performing salting-out reaction to obtain vanadium bismuth red;
there is no time sequence restriction between step 1) and step 2), and between step 1) and step 3);
the mass concentrations of substances of bismuth nitrate, aluminum nitrate and molybdenum nitrate in the metal nitrate mixed solution are respectively 1-3 mol/L, 0.1-0.3 mol/L and 0.05-0.15 mol/L;
the heating temperature in the step 4) is 60-90 ℃, the heat preservation reaction time is 30-90 min, the temperature rise temperature is 90-102 ℃, and the reaction time after temperature rise is 60-120 min.
2. The method for preparing vanadium-bismuth-red according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate is 5: (3-5): (8-12) NH in ammonium salt mixed solution4 +The concentration of (b) is 6-12 mol/L.
3. The method for preparing vanadium bismuth red according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the nitric acid solution in the step 1) is 10-16 mol/L, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution in the step 1) is 14-18 mol/L.
4. The preparation method of the vanadium bismuth red according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the NaOH solution in the step 2) is 6-12 mol/L.
5. The method for preparing vanadium bismuth red according to claim 1, wherein the acid in the step 3) is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
6. The method for preparing vanadium bismuth red according to claim 2, wherein in the step 4), the volume ratio of the metavanadate solution to the ammonium salt mixed solution is 1: (0.25-0.4), wherein the volume ratio of the metavanadate solution to the metal nitrate mixed solution is 1: (1-1.5).
7. The method for preparing vanadium bismuth red according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by further comprising the following steps after the salting-out reaction:
1) pumping out and washing the bismuth vanadate precipitate obtained in the salting-out reaction in the step 4) for 2-3 times to obtain a pure bismuth vanadate product;
2) and drying the pure bismuth vanadate product at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain vanadium bismuth red.
8. Use of the vanadium bismuth red obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 as a pigment.
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