CN111186566A

CN111186566A - Hydrofoil device of seaplane

Info

Publication number: CN111186566A
Application number: CN201811355664.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪洋; 刘海港; 袁靖肖; 崔方杰
Original assignee: Tianjin University Marine Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: Tianjin University Marine Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2018-11-14
Filing date: 2018-11-14
Publication date: 2020-05-22

Abstract

The hydrofoil device of the seaplane comprises a pair of vertical plates hinged on two sides of the seaplane through a hinge shaft, a wing body fixedly connected with the vertical plates, a front wing fixed on the front part of the wing body and a rear wing fixed on the rear part of the wing body. When the airplane takes off or lands in water, the hydrofoil device is put down, the hydrofoil goes deep into the water surface, the lifting force fluctuation caused by waves is reduced, the spray splash is reduced, and the engine is prevented from swallowing water. During flying, the hydrofoil device turns upwards, and the riser can provide part lift.

Description

Hydrofoil device of seaplane

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of water take-off and landing devices of a water craft, and particularly relates to a hydrofoil device of a water craft.

Background

The seaplane realizes the take-off, landing and mooring on the water surface by utilizing a hull or a buoy below a belly. The main advantages are that it can be used on the surface of rivers, lakes, rivers and seas with wide water area, it is safe, the ground auxiliary facilities are economical, the tonnage of the airplane is not limited, so it can be widely used in patrol, anti-dive and rescue on the sea. The seaplane has the prominent disadvantages that: the aircraft is influenced by the shape of a hull or an externally hung buoy, the weight of the aircraft body is large, and the aerodynamic resistance is large, so that the flight speed, the endurance mileage and the fuel economy cannot be compared with those of a land take-off and landing aircraft. For example, the most advanced seaplane AG600 in China currently has the maximum horizontal flight speed of 500 km/h, the maximum flight distance of 4500 km and the use lift limit of 6000 m, while the most advanced land take-off and landing transport plane in China has the maximum horizontal flight speed of 920 km/h, the maximum flight distance of 7800 km and the use lift limit of 13000 m.

To solve this problem, in the fifties of the last century, the american well firms proposed a solution with a water pry (understood as a hydrofoil with a very small aspect ratio) — a Sea Dart (Sea Dart). The method is characterized in that: in the taking-off and landing process, the water pry below the belly extends out to provide dynamic lifting force for the airplane to slide on the water surface; in flight, the water pry is retracted and flush with the belly, so that the flight resistance cannot be increased. The problems are that: (1) the water pry belongs to a semi-submerged type hydrofoil, a large amount of spray splashes when the water pry slides on the water surface, in order to solve the problem that the engine swallows water, the sea dart is designed to be started on the back, and a 70L fresh water tank is also carried to be used for cleaning the engine. (2) The water pry slides on the water surface and can be coupled with the water surface waves, so that the machine body vibrates strongly. The above problems have led to the fact that the stability, payload, and ride comfort of the seajavelin are affected by the seajavelin.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the hydrofoil device of the seaplane can not generate a large amount of splash and sea surface waves when the hydrofoil enters water, and can not obviously influence the sliding of the plane.

The hydrofoil device of the seaplane comprises a pair of vertical plates hinged on two sides of the seaplane through a hinge shaft, a wing body fixedly connected with the vertical plates, a front wing fixed on the front part of the wing body and a rear wing fixed on the rear part of the wing body.

The connecting position of the vertical plate and the airplane is positioned at the center of gravity of the airplane.

The wing surface of the front wing and the wing surface of the rear wing are perpendicular to the vertical plate.

The cross section of the vertical plate is in a bilateral symmetry streamline shape.

The wingtips of the front wings turn downwards, and the wingtips of the rear wings turn upwards.

The wing area of the rear wing is smaller than that of the front wing.

The connecting position of the vertical plate and the wing body is positioned at the front part of the wing body.

The vertical plate, the front wing and the rear wing are made of carbon fiber composite materials.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a hydrofoil apparatus in a submerged condition of an aircraft;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the hydrofoil apparatus in the submerged condition of the aircraft;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the hydrofoil apparatus in flight of the aircraft;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the hydrofoil apparatus;

fig. 5 is a plan view of the water quality apparatus.

In the figure: 1. an aircraft; 2. a vertical plate; 3. a front wing; 4. a wing body; 5. a rear wing; 6. and (4) hinging the shaft.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.

Fig. 1-3 show an embodiment of the present invention on a large conveyor.

Fig. 1-2 show schematic views of the hydrofoil device in the water-entering state (take-off, gliding, and landing). Two pairs of hydrofoil devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the abdomen of the body of the airplane 1 near the center of gravity, and comprise a pair of vertical plates 2 hinged on two sides of the airplane 1 through a hinged shaft 6, a wing body 4 close to the vertical fixed connection with the vertical plates 2, a front wing 3 fixed on the front part of the wing body 4, and a rear wing 5 fixed on the rear part of the wing body 4. In this state, the airfoil of the front wing 3 and the airfoil of the rear wing 5 are both nearly horizontal and have a slight upper angle of attack.

Fig. 3 shows the aircraft 1 in a hydrofoil state in the air, in which the vertical plate 2 is twisted upwards by approximately 90 degrees around the hinge shaft 6, and is approximately parallel to the aircraft wing.

As shown in fig. 4, the front wing 3 is turned with its tip downward, and the rear wing 5 is turned with its tip upward.

As shown in fig. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the vertical plate 2 is a left-right symmetric streamline, and belongs to a symmetric airfoil shape; the wing area of the rear wing 5 is smaller than that of the front wing 3; the connecting position of the vertical plate 2 and the wing body 4 is positioned at the front part of the wing body 4.

The vertical plate 2, the front wing 3 and the rear wing 5 are made of carbon fiber composite materials, so that the additional weight of the hydrofoil device can be reduced.

The working process of the mechanism comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the airplane takes off from water or lands in water, the hydrofoil device is put down, the hydrofoil device completely enters the water, the front wing 3 provides main lifting force, and the rear wing 5 provides auxiliary lifting force. Because a distance is reserved between the front wing and the rear wing, a moment for correcting the rolling of the airplane can be generated between the front wing and the rear wing, and the stable forward of the airplane is ensured. Because the cross section of the vertical plate belongs to a streamline shape and has very small hydrodynamic resistance in water, the depth of the hydrofoil from the water surface can be increased by deepening the length of the vertical plate, the interference of waves on the lifting force can be reduced, and the fluctuation of the lifting force is reduced. The hydrofoil is deep into the water surface, so that spray splash can be greatly reduced, and the phenomenon that the engine swallows water is avoided. As shown in fig. 3, when the airplane flies in the air or needs to land, the hydrofoil device is turned upwards, and at this time, the vertical plate 2 is basically parallel to the airplane wing, and the sectional shape of the vertical plate 2 is a symmetrical wing type, so that the hydrofoil device has a better lift-drag ratio and can provide part of lift.

For further improvement, the vertical plate 2 is not strictly vertical to the axis of the airplane, but slightly inclined forwards as shown in fig. 1, so that a part of the water resistance moment and the lifting moment can be mutually offset, and the burden of the hinge shaft 6 is reduced.

The actuator of the vertical plate 2 can be driven by hydraulic pressure or electric power.

In order to further improve the maneuverability of the hydrofoil, a flap mechanism can be additionally arranged at the rear part of the rear wing 5 or the front wing 3, similar to the conventional airplane at present, and is not shown in the drawing.

The mounting position of the vertical plate 2 can be selected under the wing of the airplane 1 according to the requirement.

The stowed state of the hydrofoil, which is not the state in the above-described embodiment, may also be turned up and then secured by a catch on the wing, which may improve the stability of the hydrofoil device in flight.

The hydrofoil devices in the embodiment are a pair, and for a large-scale machine, a plurality of pairs can be adopted and distributed at the front part and the rear part of the machine body.

The above embodiments are merely some specific embodiments for implementing the present invention, and do not include all embodiments. Based on the present embodiment and the idea of the present invention, other technicians make non-invasive new modifications and variations to the above-mentioned embodiment by using known technology, and the combination with other technologies, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrofoil apparatus for a seaplane, characterized by: the wing comprises a pair of vertical plates hinged on two sides of the airplane through a hinged shaft, a wing body fixedly connected with the vertical plates, a front wing fixed on the front part of the wing body and a rear wing fixed on the rear part of the wing body.

2. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting position of the vertical plate and the airplane is positioned at the center of gravity of the airplane, and the connecting position of the vertical plate and the wing body is positioned at the front part of the wing body.

3. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1, wherein: the wing surface of the front wing and the wing surface of the rear wing are perpendicular to the vertical plate.

4. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cross section of the vertical plate is in a bilateral symmetry streamline shape.

5. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the wingtips of the front wings turn downwards, and the wingtips of the rear wings turn upwards.

6. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the wing area of the rear wing is smaller than that of the front wing.

7. A hydrofoil device for a seaplane according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical plate, the front wing and the rear wing are made of carbon fiber composite materials.