CN111184974B - Inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The inorganic fiber type high polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.10 to 0.40 percent of super absorbent resin; 0.01 to 0.20 percent of inorganic fiber; the balance of water; the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin. According to the invention, inorganic fibers and super absorbent resin are combined in a certain proportion, and the length of the inorganic fibers is larger than the diameter of hydrogel particles after water absorption, so that the super absorbent resin particles are fixed in a frame formed by the inorganic fibers, the sliding of the particles is restrained, a three-dimensional network structure is formed, the modulus of the high polymer hydrogel is improved, the attachment thickness of the high polymer hydrogel is increased, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved; in addition, the inorganic fibers have excellent heat insulating properties, and can prevent re-ignition and ignition of unburned objects. Meanwhile, the inorganic fiber has wide source and low price, and can reduce the cost of the fire extinguishing agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, in particular to an inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, water is one of the most extensive and universal fire extinguishing technologies for fighting fire, has large specific heat capacity and strong heat absorption capacity, has obvious cooling effect on combustion substances, generates a large amount of water vapor through vaporization, can prevent air from entering a combustion area, and is cheap, easy to obtain and wide in source. However, because the temperature of the fire scene is high, the water is vaporized before reaching the combustion area, so that the cooling performance of the water cannot be fully exerted, and the liquidity of the water is high, so that the fire can not be effectively put out in time for large-scale fire and repeated fire.
The super absorbent resin is a functional polymer material containing strong hydrophilic groups and having a certain degree of crosslinking, and the unique three-dimensional network structure enables the super absorbent resin to have a super absorbent function of absorbing water which is hundreds to thousands times heavier than the super absorbent resin per se, and has excellent water retention performance. At present, the polymer hydrogel based on polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin is widely applied to the field of fire extinguishing.
However, fire-fighting hydrogels based on polyacrylic superabsorbents also have some disadvantages: in case of a surface which has been ignited, particularly a vertical wall surface, a surface containing stainless steel (e.g., a tank car surface), it is difficult for the polyacrylic acid-based super absorbent resin to adhere to the surface thereof due to vaporization of water at a high temperature, so that it is impossible to effectively cover, cool and lower the temperature, and the fire extinguishing effect is poor. Patent CN103483752B discloses a method for improving poor adhesion between polymer fire-extinguishing hydrogel and surface by adding aqueous adhesion promoter of silane coupling agent, but silane coupling agent is expensive, which increases production cost of fire-extinguishing agent. Therefore, the development of efficient and low-cost fire extinguishing agents is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an inorganic fiber type polymeric hydrogel fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention can effectively improve the fire extinguishing effect and reduce the cost of the fire extinguishing agent.
The invention provides an inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.10 to 0.40 percent of super absorbent resin;
0.01 to 0.20 percent of inorganic fiber;
the balance of water;
the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin.
Preferably, the polyacrylic acid-type super absorbent resin is selected from one or more of BC388SDA, BASF 90S, catalyst CAW101 and LG 802.
Preferably, the inorganic fibers are selected from one or more of glass fibers, basalt fibers, aluminum silicate fibers and alumina fibers.
Preferably, the particle size of the super absorbent resin is 50-200 meshes.
Preferably, the diameter of the glass fiber is 9-13 μm, and the length of the glass fiber is 3-6 mm;
the diameter of the basalt fiber is 9-17 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 3-5 mm;
the diameter of the aluminum silicate fiber is 1-5 mu m, and the length of the aluminum silicate fiber is 12-15 mm;
the diameter of the alumina fiber is 3-7 mu m, and the length of the alumina fiber is 10-15 mm.
Preferably, the content of the glass fiber is 0.01-0.15%;
the content of the basalt fiber is 0.05 to 0.20 percent;
the content of the aluminum silicate fiber is 0.02 to 0.20 percent;
the content of the alumina fiber is 0.05-0.20%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the inorganic fiber type polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the super absorbent resin, the inorganic fiber and water to obtain the inorganic fiber type high polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Preferably, the mixing order is:
the inorganic fiber and water are mixed first and then mixed with the super absorbent resin.
Preferably, the temperature of the mixing is 0 ℃ or higher.
Preferably, the mixing time is 1-2 min.
According to the invention, inorganic fibers and super absorbent resin are combined in a certain proportion, and the length of the inorganic fibers is larger than the diameter of hydrogel particles after water absorption, so that the super absorbent resin particles are fixed in a frame formed by the inorganic fibers, the sliding of the particles is restrained, a three-dimensional network structure is formed, the modulus of the high polymer hydrogel is improved, the attachment thickness of the high polymer hydrogel is increased, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved; in addition, the inorganic fibers have excellent heat insulating properties, and can prevent re-ignition and ignition of unburned objects.
The test result shows that: firstly, in a rheological test, after the inorganic fiber is added, the storage modulus of the hydrogel is obviously increased, which indicates that the hydrogel with higher strength is formed; the attaching thickness of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent on the vertical substrate is obviously improved, and the fire extinguishing agent is not easy to drop in the vertical spraying process; and thirdly, the fire extinguishing effect is obviously improved, 1A fire is completely extinguished, the required time is not more than 2min, 55B fire is completely extinguished, the required time is not more than 5min, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure between particles of a hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a test chart of the rheology test in example 5;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the effect of spraying the polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of example 3 on a vertical wood board;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of spraying the polymeric hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of comparative example 1 onto a vertical wood board.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.10 to 0.40 percent of super absorbent resin;
0.01 to 0.20 percent of inorganic fiber;
the balance of water;
the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin.
According to the invention, inorganic fibers and super absorbent resin are combined in a certain proportion, and the length of the inorganic fibers is larger than the diameter of hydrogel particles after water absorption, so that the super absorbent resin particles are fixed in a frame formed by the inorganic fibers, the sliding of the particles is restrained, a three-dimensional network structure is formed, the modulus of the high polymer hydrogel is improved, the attachment thickness of the high polymer hydrogel is increased, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved; in addition, the inorganic fibers have excellent heat insulating properties, and can prevent re-ignition and ignition of unburned objects. Meanwhile, the inorganic fiber has wide source and low price, and can reduce the cost of the fire extinguishing agent. The microstructure of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram among particles of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention, wherein inorganic fibers are interwoven into a frame, and water-absorbing resin particles are fixed in the frame to form a three-dimensional network structure.
In the invention, the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin. The polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin is preferably one or more of BC388SDA, BASF 90S, catalysts CAW101 and LG 802. The polyacrylic resin can quickly form gel, has high water absorption and water retention efficiency, can be well combined with inorganic fibers, improves the modulus while ensuring the gel property, and increases the adhesion thickness. The source of the polyacrylic acid-based super absorbent resin is not particularly limited, and may be a general commercial product, for example, BC388SDA is available from taibo water absorbent resin (ningbo) ltd, BASF 90S is available from BASF SE, germany, catalyst CAW101 is available from japanese catalyst chemical ltd, and LG802 is available from korean LG chemical company.
In the present invention, the particle size of the super absorbent resin is preferably 50 to 200 mesh, and at the above particle size, a stronger hydrogel can be formed by cooperation with the inorganic fibers, and if the particle size of the resin is too large, a framework binding structure cannot be formed by matching with the inorganic fibers, and it is difficult to obtain a reinforced hydrogel, and if the particle size is too small, it is difficult to form a compact gel.
In the invention, the content of the super absorbent resin is 0.10-0.40%, gel can be formed and high-efficiency fire extinguishing effect can be achieved only under the above dosage, if the content is lower than 0.10%, the gel cannot be formed, the fluidity is high, the expected fire extinguishing effect cannot be achieved, and if the content is higher than 0.40%, the material viscosity is too high and is not easy to spray, so that the use efficiency is affected. In some embodiments of the invention, the superabsorbent resin is present in an amount of 0.33%.
In the invention, the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, aluminum silicate fiber and alumina fiber. The inorganic fiber can form a three-dimensional network structure, generates strong adsorption with the polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin particles, and binds hydrogel particles in a formed frame, thereby being beneficial to improving the modulus of hydrogel, improving the adhesiveness of the hydrogel and improving the fire extinguishing effect.
In the invention, the content of the inorganic fiber is 0.01-0.20%; the polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin can be well combined with the polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin at the content, so that the gel property is obviously enhanced, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved. Wherein, when the inorganic fiber is glass fiber, the content is controlled to be 0.01-0.15 percent; when the inorganic fiber is basalt fiber, the content of the inorganic fiber is controlled to be 0.05-0.20 percent; when the inorganic fiber is aluminum silicate fiber, the content is controlled to be 0.02 to 0.20 percent; when the inorganic fiber is alumina fiber, the content is controlled between 0.05 percent and 0.20 percent. In some embodiments of the invention, the inorganic fiber is present in an amount of 0.03%, 0.10%, 0.16%, or 0.20%. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the inorganic fibers are aluminum silicate fibers, which are present in an amount of 0.10%; in other embodiments of the present invention, the inorganic fibers are glass fibers and are present in an amount of 0.03%; (ii) a In other embodiments of the present invention, the inorganic fibers are basalt fibers in an amount of 0.16%; (ii) a In other embodiments of the present invention, the inorganic fibers are alumina fibers and are present in an amount of 0.20%.
In the invention, the inorganic fiber has certain requirements on the size, which is as follows: the diameter of the glass fiber is 9-13 mu m, and the length of the glass fiber is 3-6 mm; the diameter of the basalt fiber is 9-17 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 3-5 mm; the diameter of the aluminum silicate fiber is 1-5 mu m, and the length of the aluminum silicate fiber is 12-15 mm; the diameter of the alumina fiber is 3-7 mu m, and the length of the alumina fiber is 10-15 mm. Under the above size, the fire extinguishing agent can achieve good matching effect with polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin, and if the size is too small or too large, the fire extinguishing agent is difficult to effectively match with the water absorbent resin to improve the fire extinguishing effect.
In the invention, the solvent is water, and the rest is the content.
The inorganic fiber type high molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. inorganic fibers and super absorbent resin are combined according to a certain proportion, the inorganic fibers are interwoven into a net, particles of the super absorbent resin are fixed in a frame formed by the inorganic fibers, the sliding of the particles is restrained, a three-dimensional network structure is formed, the modulus of the high polymer hydrogel is improved, the adhesion thickness of the high polymer hydrogel is increased, and the fire extinguishing effect is improved;
2. the particle size of the super absorbent resin and the size of the inorganic fiber are controlled, so that the super absorbent resin and the inorganic fiber can cooperatively form a stable three-dimensional network structure, and the fire extinguishing effect is further improved;
3. the inorganic fiber also has excellent heat insulation performance, and can prevent re-ignition and ignition of unburnt objects;
4. the inorganic fiber has wide source and low price, and is beneficial to reducing the cost.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the inorganic fiber type polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing the super absorbent resin, the inorganic fiber and water to obtain the inorganic fiber type high polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
The types, the usage amounts, the sources and the like of the super absorbent resin, the inorganic fibers and the water are consistent with those in the technical scheme, and are not described in detail herein.
In the invention, the mixing temperature is not particularly limited, and is higher than the freezing point, and can be carried out at normal room temperature, and particularly preferably 22-27 ℃. The mixing time is preferably 1-2 min, and the fire extinguishing efficiency can be influenced by overlong mixing time. The invention has certain requirements on the mixing sequence, and specifically, the inorganic fiber and water are mixed firstly and then are mixed with the super absorbent resin; under the mixing sequence, the macromolecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent with inorganic fibers uniformly dispersed in the system can be obtained, if the water-absorbent resin is mixed with water and then the inorganic fibers are added, the system viscosity is higher after the water-absorbent resin is mixed with the water, and the inorganic fibers cannot be uniformly dispersed in the system, so that the hydrogel reinforcing effect is not ideal, and the network formed by interweaving particles and fibers is unstable, so that the adhesiveness is influenced, and the fire extinguishing effect is further influenced.
The test result shows that: firstly, in a rheological test, after the inorganic fiber is added, the storage modulus of the hydrogel is obviously increased, which indicates that the hydrogel with higher strength is formed; the attaching thickness of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent on the vertical substrate is obviously improved, and the fire extinguishing agent is not easy to drop in the vertical spraying process; and thirdly, the fire extinguishing effect is obviously improved, 1A fire is completely extinguished, the required time is not more than 2min, 55B fire is completely extinguished, the required time is not more than 5min, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is high.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
In the following examples, the polyacrylic acid-based super absorbent resin is commercially available, wherein BC388SDA is available from Taibo water absorbent resin (Ningbo) Co., Ltd., BASF SE, Pasfu 90S, Germany, BASF SE), catalyst CAW101 is available from Japanese catalyst chemical Co., Ltd., LG802 is available from Korean LG chemical Co., Ltd.; the particle size of the resin is 50-200 meshes. Inorganic fibers were purchased from new materials science and technology (shanghai) ltd, and the dimensions were as described above.
Example 1
1.1 raw materials:
0.33 wt% of polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin basf 90S;
0.10 wt% of aluminum silicate fiber;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) stirring and mixing the inorganic fiber and water at room temperature, adding the super absorbent resin, and mixing for 1min to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Example 2
1.1 raw materials:
0.33 wt% of polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin basf 90S;
0.03 wt% of glass fiber;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) stirring and mixing the inorganic fiber and water at room temperature, adding the super absorbent resin, and mixing for 2min to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Example 3
1.1 raw materials:
polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin catalyst CAW1010.33wt%;
0.16 wt% of basalt fiber;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) stirring and mixing the inorganic fiber and water at room temperature, adding the super absorbent resin, and mixing for 2min to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Example 4
1.1 raw materials:
polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin LG8020.33wt%;
0.20 wt% of alumina fiber;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) stirring and mixing the inorganic fiber and water at room temperature, adding the super absorbent resin, and mixing for 2min to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Comparative example 1
1.1 raw materials:
0.33 wt% of polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin BC388 SDA;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) mixing the super absorbent resin and water for 2min at room temperature to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Comparative example 2
1.1 raw materials:
0.33 wt% of polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin basf 90S;
0.30 wt% of glass fiber;
the balance of water.
1.2 preparation:
and (3) stirring and mixing the inorganic fiber and water at room temperature, adding the super absorbent resin, and mixing for 2min to obtain the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
Comparative example 3
The procedure was followed as in example 1 except that the inorganic fibers in the raw material formulation were replaced with alumina nanofibers (diameter 8-10nm, length 200-300nm, gamma alumina nanofibers XFJ52 from Nanjing Xiapong nanomaterial science and technology Co., Ltd.).
Example 5
The following tests were carried out for examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3, respectively:
1.1 rheology test
The results of the rheological tests conducted on example 3 and comparative example 1 are shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the rheological test conducted in example 5. It can be seen that the storage modulus of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent obtained in example 3 is significantly improved compared to that of comparative example 1.
The same test is carried out on the other examples and the comparative examples, the results are similar, and compared with the comparative examples, the storage modulus of the examples is obviously improved, so that the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention improves the strength of the hydrogel.
1.2 adhesion test
And (3) spraying a fire extinguishing agent on a vertical wood board (the specifications of the wood boards are all 15cm in length, 15cm in width and 0.5cm in thickness), spraying on one surface of the wood board during spraying until the fire extinguishing agent just begins to slide downwards and stops spraying, and testing the adhesion effect of the fire extinguishing agent on the wood board after spraying. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of adhesion test
The spraying effects of the hydrogel fire extinguishing agents of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 1 are respectively shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein fig. 3 is a diagram of the effect of the polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of the embodiment 3 sprayed on a vertical wood board, and fig. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of the comparative example 1 sprayed on a vertical wood board. It can be seen that the polymeric hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of the embodiment is attached to the vertical wood board more tightly and completely, while the polymeric hydrogel fire extinguishing agent of the comparative example is attached to the vertical wood board more loosely and more thinly.
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, compared with comparative examples 1-3, the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent obtained in examples 1-4 has significantly improved adhesion effect, the adhesion thickness on the vertical wood board is more than 6.2mm, the fire extinguishing agent is not easy to drip under the condition of vertical spraying, and the fire extinguishing agent in the comparative example is easy to drip and has weak adhesion capability on the vertical wood board, which proves that examples 1-4 improve the adhesion of hydrogel and have good adhesion capability. In practical application, the fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention can be better sprayed on vertical wall surfaces, furniture surfaces and tree surfaces, and can better play roles in covering, fire extinguishing and heat insulation due to good adhesion.
However, the comparison of the effects of comparative example 1 and examples shows that the addition of lignin-based substances effectively improves the adhesion of hydrogel. The comparison of the effects of comparative example 2 and the examples shows that when the lignin substances are added, the adhesion of the hydrogel can be effectively improved only by the lignin substances and the polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin according to the ratio limited by the invention. As is clear from the comparison of the effects of comparative example 3 and examples, the addition of a specific type of inorganic fiber according to the present invention is effective in improving the adhesion of the hydrogel.
1.3 fire extinguishing test
Fire extinguishing tests are carried out according to the standard GB17835-2008 water system fire extinguishing agent, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 fire extinguishing test results
As can be seen from the test results in Table 2, compared with comparative examples 1 and 3, the hydrogel fire extinguishing agent obtained in examples 1 to 4 has obviously improved fire extinguishing effect, the time required for completely extinguishing 1A fire is shorter and is not more than 2min, the time required for completely extinguishing 55B fire is also shorter and is not more than 5min, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is obviously improved.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. An inorganic fiber type high-molecular hydrogel fire extinguishing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.10 to 0.40 percent of super absorbent resin;
0.01 to 0.20 percent of inorganic fiber;
the balance of water;
the super absorbent resin is polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin;
the particle size of the super absorbent resin is 50-200 meshes;
the inorganic fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, aluminum silicate fiber and alumina fiber;
the diameter of the glass fiber is 9-13 mu m, and the length of the glass fiber is 3-6 mm;
the diameter of the basalt fiber is 9-17 mu m, and the length of the basalt fiber is 3-5 mm;
the diameter of the aluminum silicate fiber is 1-5 mu m, and the length of the aluminum silicate fiber is 12-15 mm;
the diameter of the alumina fiber is 3-7 mu m, and the length of the alumina fiber is 10-15 mm;
the polyacrylic acid super absorbent resin is selected from one or more of basf 90S, catalysts CAW101 and LG 802.
2. The fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber is present in an amount of 0.01% to 0.15%;
the content of the basalt fiber is 0.05 to 0.20 percent;
the content of the aluminum silicate fiber is 0.02 to 0.20 percent;
the content of the alumina fiber is 0.05-0.20%.
3. A method for preparing the inorganic fiber type polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising:
mixing the super absorbent resin, the inorganic fiber and water to obtain the inorganic fiber type high polymer hydrogel fire extinguishing agent.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the mixing is in the order:
the inorganic fiber and water are mixed first and then mixed with the super absorbent resin.
5. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the mixing is 0 ℃ or higher.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mixing time is 1 to 2 min.
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| WO2015119542A1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-13 | Biosyspro Ab | Insulating material and fire inhibiting composition |
| CN104083843A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-08 | 哈密双羽科技开发有限公司 | Gypsum reticular gel foam mud fire prevention and extinguishing agent |
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