CN111183688B - Radio access network controller for radio access network and related methods - Google Patents
Radio access network controller for radio access network and related methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN111183688B CN111183688B CN201780095425.7A CN201780095425A CN111183688B CN 111183688 B CN111183688 B CN 111183688B CN 201780095425 A CN201780095425 A CN 201780095425A CN 111183688 B CN111183688 B CN 111183688B
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Abstract
According to one aspect, a radio access network controller (100) for a first radio access network (204A) is provided. The radio access network controller (100) includes a transceiver (104) and a processor (102). A transceiver (104) for receiving from the second radio access network (204B) a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by a radio access network controller (110) of the second radio access network (204B); the processor (102) is configured to generate an improved resource allocation data structure for the radio access network controller (100) by taking into account the received utilization parameter.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of handling interference between adjacent radio access networks.
Background
In a wireless communication network, for example a mobile communication network, a mobile terminal and a base station transmit signals using different power levels. The power level used depends on, for example, the location of the mobile terminals in their respective cells. Sometimes this can cause interference between mobile terminals, in other words, signals associated with one mobile terminal can interfere with signals associated with another mobile terminal. In particular, at the edge of a radio access network, a mobile terminal may cause an interface to mobile terminals of neighbouring radio access networks. There is a continuing need for solutions to mitigate interference between adjacent radio access networks.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for more efficiently coordinating interference between adjacent radio access networks.
This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Other embodiments and examples of the invention are apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.
According to a first aspect, a radio access network controller for a first radio access network is provided. The radio access network controller includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver is for receiving from the second radio access network a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by a radio access network controller of the second radio access network; the processor is configured to generate an improved resource allocation data structure for the radio access network controller by taking into account the received utilization parameter. The disclosed solution improves performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network, e.g. by finding radio resource allocations that can reduce the negative impact of interference.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the transceiver is configured to receive a radio head notification message from a radio access network controller of the second radio access network to create a radio head context to receive the utilization parameter related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the radio head notification message including radio head specification information of at least one radio head of the second radio access network. The use of the radio head notification message enables a more compressed transmission of the utilization parameters and their values between the radio access networks, since the radio head specification information will need to be changed less often.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the transceiver is configured to receive a radio resource allocation notification message from a radio access network controller of the second radio access network and to extract information from the radio resource allocation notification message using a radio head context, wherein the radio resource allocation notification message comprises a utilization parameter, the utilization parameter comprising, for each radio head, at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. The use of the radio allocation notification message enables the transfer of the utilization parameters between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the transceiver is configured to send a request for a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. By sending a request for a radio resource allocation notification message to the second radio access network, the radio access network controller is able to determine a point in time at which the transceiver wishes to receive a utilization parameter relating to a resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network to generate an improved resource allocation data structure. This also provides a means for the radio access network controller to synchronize and coordinate its operation on the improved resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the transceiver is configured to periodically receive a radio resource allocation notification message from the second radio access network. By periodically receiving a radio resource allocation notification message from the second radio access network, the radio access network controller can automatically receive a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network, such that the radio access network controller can periodically (e.g., once per night) generate an improved resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the transceiver is configured to receive a resource allocation cancellation message from the second radio access network. This enables a solution where in the future, when a resource allocation decision is made at the first radio access network, previously informed resource allocation from the second radio access network may be omitted. This is also useful when the second radio access network changes its operating mode from "resource allocation data structure based" to "run time measurement based".
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the processor is configured to collect a sample of a result of the resource allocation decision based on coordination for interference-free resource allocation between the first radio access network and the second radio access network; establishing a resource allocation data structure for interference-free resource allocation based on the collected samples; deriving interference distribution information based on the received utilization parameters; generating an enhanced sample based on the established resource allocation data structure and the derived interference distribution information; and generating an improved resource allocation data structure based on the enhanced samples. This enables calculations to be performed off-line and complex but optimal resource allocation can be run, providing better performance than online resource allocation algorithms. The solution also mitigates interference between radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the processor is configured to generate, from the resource allocation data structure, a utilization parameter relating to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller; and the transceiver is adapted to send the utilization parameter to a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. This enables improved performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the second radio access network.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the processor is configured to generate the utilization parameter based on information of resource allocation decisions collected during runtime over a period of time. This allows for improved and/or optimal resource allocation decisions that can optimize performance over different time scales depending on the indicated time period. The time period may range from seconds to hours and days.
In other embodiments of the first aspect, the processor is configured to generate the utilization parameter from a resource allocation data structure.
According to a second aspect, a radio access network controller for a second radio access network is provided. The radio access network controller includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor is configured to generate a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller; and the transceiver is adapted to send the utilization parameter to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network. This enables improved performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network, since the first radio access network receives the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decisions made by the second radio access network.
In an embodiment of the second aspect, the processor is configured to generate the utilization parameter based on information about resource allocation decisions collected during runtime over a period of time. This allows for improved and/or optimal resource allocation decisions that can optimize performance over different time scales depending on the indicated time period. The time period may range from seconds to hours and days.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the processor is configured to generate the utilization parameter from a resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the transceiver is configured to send a radio head notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network to create a radio head context to send the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the radio head notification message including radio head specification information for at least one radio head of the second radio access network. The use of the radio head notification message enables a more compressed transmission of the utilization parameters and their values between the radio access networks, since the radio head specification information will need to be changed less often.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the transceiver is configured to transmit a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network, the radio resource allocation notification message comprising a utilization parameter, wherein the utilization parameter comprises, for each radio frequency head, at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. The use of the radio allocation notification message enables the transfer of the utilization parameters between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the transceiver is configured to receive a request for a radio resource allocation notification message from a radio access network controller of the first radio access network; and wherein the processor is configured to generate, in response to the request, a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network. By receiving a request for a radio resource allocation notification message from a first radio access network, a solution is provided wherein the radio access network controller only needs to send the radio resource allocation notification message in response to a specific request in order to optimize data transmission between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the transceiver is configured to periodically transmit a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network. Thus, by periodically sending a radio resource allocation notification message to the first radio access network, the first radio access network remains updated (e.g., once per night) for changes in interference caused by the second radio access network.
In other embodiments of the second aspect, the transceiver is configured to send a resource allocation cancellation message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network. This enables a solution where the second radio access network can inform the first radio access network of: in the future when a resource allocation decision is made at the first radio access network, a previously informed resource allocation from the second radio access network may be omitted. This is also useful when the second radio access network changes its operating mode from "resource allocation data structure based" to "run time measurement based".
According to a third aspect, there is provided a method comprising a radio access network controller of a first radio access network receiving from a radio access network controller of a second radio access network a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network; and the radio access network controller of the first radio access network generating an improved resource allocation data structure for the radio access network controller by taking into account the received utilization parameter. The disclosed solution improves performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network.
In an embodiment of the third aspect, the method includes receiving a radio head notification message from a radio access network controller of the second radio access network to create a radio head context to receive the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the radio head notification message including radio head specification information for at least one radio head of the second radio access network. The use of the radio head notification message enables a more compressed transmission of the utilization parameters and values between the radio access networks, since the radio head specification information will need to be changed less often.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method includes receiving a radio resource allocation notification message from a radio access network controller of the second radio access network, and extracting information from the radio resource allocation notification message using a radio head context, wherein the radio resource allocation notification message includes a utilization parameter, the utilization parameter including, for each radio head, at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. The use of the radio allocation notification message enables the transfer of the utilization parameters and values between the radio access networks. This provides knowledge about the configuration of the interfered radio access network node.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method includes sending a request for a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. By sending a request for a radio resource allocation notification message to the second radio access network, the radio access network controller is able to determine the point in time at which it wishes to receive a utilization parameter relating to a resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network to generate an improved resource allocation data structure. This also provides a method for the radio access network controller to synchronize and coordinate its operation on the improved resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method includes periodically receiving a radio resource allocation notification message from the second radio access network. By periodically receiving a radio resource allocation notification message from the second radio access network, the radio access network controller can automatically receive a utilization parameter relating to a resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network, enabling it to periodically (e.g., once per night) generate an improved resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method includes receiving a resource allocation cancellation message from a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. This enables a solution where in the future, when a resource allocation decision is made at the first radio access network, previously informed resource allocation from the second radio access network may be omitted.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method comprises collecting samples of results of resource allocation decisions based on coordination for interference-free resource allocation between the first radio access network and the second radio access network; establishing a resource allocation data structure for interference-free resource allocation based on the collected samples; deriving interference distribution information based on the received utilization parameters; generating an enhanced sample based on the established resource allocation data structure and the derived interference distribution information; and generating an improved resource allocation data structure based on the enhanced samples. This enables the calculations to be performed off-line and complex but optimal resource allocations can be run, providing better performance than on-line resource allocation algorithms. The solution also mitigates interference between radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the third aspect, the method generates, from the resource allocation data structure, a utilization parameter related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller; and transmitting the utilization parameter to a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. This enables improved performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the second radio access network.
According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a method comprising collecting, by a radio access network controller of a second radio access network, utilization parameters related to resource allocation decisions made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network; and sending, by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the utilization parameter to the radio access network controller of the first radio access network. This enables improved performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network, since the first radio access network receives the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decisions made by the second radio access network.
In an embodiment of the fourth aspect, the method comprises generating the utilization parameter based on information about resource allocation decisions collected during runtime over a period of time. This allows for improved and/or optimal resource allocation decisions that can optimize performance over different time scales depending on the indicated time period. The time period may range from seconds to hours and days.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes generating the utilization parameter from a resource allocation data structure.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes sending a radio head notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network to create a radio head context to send the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the radio head notification message including radio head specification information for at least one radio head of the second radio access network. The use of the radio head notification message enables a more compressed transmission of the utilization parameters and values between the radio access networks, since the radio head specification information will need to be changed less often.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes sending a radio head notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network to create a radio head context to send the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network, the radio head notification message including radio head specification information for at least one radio head of the second radio access network. The use of the radio allocation notification message enables the transfer of the utilization parameters between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method comprises sending a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network, the radio resource allocation notification message comprising a utilization parameter, wherein the utilization parameter comprises, for each radio frequency head, at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. The use of the radio allocation notification message enables the transfer of the utilization parameters and values between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes receiving a request for a radio resource allocation notification message from a radio access network controller of the first radio access network; and in response to the request, generating a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by a radio access network controller of the second radio access network. By receiving a request for a radio resource allocation notification message from a first radio access network, a solution is provided wherein the radio access network controller only needs to send the radio resource allocation notification message in response to a specific request in order to optimize data transmission between the radio access networks.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes periodically transmitting a radio resource allocation notification message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network. Thus, by periodically sending a radio resource allocation notification message to the first radio access network, the first radio access network keeps updating (e.g. once every night) for changes in interference caused by the second radio access network.
In other embodiments of the fourth aspect, the method includes sending a resource allocation cancellation message to a radio access network controller of the first radio access network. This enables a solution where the second radio access network can inform the first radio access network of: in the future when resource allocation decisions are made at the first radio access network, previously informed resource allocations from the second radio access network may be omitted.
According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising program code for performing the method of the third aspect when the computer program is executed on a computing device.
According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer program comprising program code for performing the method of the fourth aspect when the computer program is executed on a computing device.
According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer-readable medium comprising a computer program comprising program code for performing the method according to the third aspect when the computer program is executed on a computing device.
According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising a computer program comprising program code for performing the method according to the fourth aspect when the computer program is executed on a computing device.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1A shows a schematic representation of a radio access network controller.
Fig. 1B shows a schematic representation of a radio access network controller.
Fig. 2 shows a system comprising two radio access networks.
Fig. 3 shows a flow diagram illustrating message interaction between a first radio access network and a second radio access network.
Fig. 4A shows a flow chart illustrating operation of a system including a first radio access network and a second radio access network.
Fig. 4B shows a flow chart illustrating operation of a system including a first radio access network and a second radio access network.
Fig. 5A shows a flow chart illustrating a mode for operating a radio access network with a radio access network controller.
Fig. 5B shows a flow chart illustrating another mode for operating a radio access network with a radio access network controller.
Fig. 6 shows a flow chart illustrating the establishment of a resource allocation data structure by the radio access network controller 100 in the radio access network.
FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating the use of shared resource allocation.
FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram illustrating enhancing stored samples.
In the following, the same reference numerals indicate identical or at least functionally equivalent features.
Detailed Description
In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific aspects in which the invention may be arranged. It is to be understood that other aspects may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, as the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For example, it should be understood that the disclosure relating to the described method is also applicable to the corresponding device or system for performing the method, and vice versa. For example, if a particular method step is described, the corresponding apparatus may comprise means or other means for performing the described method step, even if such means is not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. On the other hand, for example, if a particular device is described based on functional units, the corresponding method may comprise steps performing the described functions, even if such steps are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. Further, it should be understood that features of the various exemplary aspects described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Although various aspects and examples may be described herein from the perspective of a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), this is exemplary and not limiting, and other types of radio access networks may also be used. Furthermore, although only two adjacent radio access networks are discussed in the various examples, it is clear that there may be more than one interfered adjacent radio access network.
Fig. 1A shows a schematic representation of a radio access network controller 100 for a first radio access network. In one aspect, the radio access network controller 100 comprises a transceiver 104, the transceiver 104 being configured to receive from the second radio access network a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network. The utilization parameter may refer to, for example, statistical information about resource allocation decisions made by the radio access network controller of the second radio access network. The radio access network controller 100 further comprises a processor 102, the processor 102 being configured to generate an improved resource allocation data structure for the radio access network controller by taking into account the received utilization parameter. This improves performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network. Furthermore, the radio access network controller 100 may refer to the information received from the second radio access network in a next learning phase of the resource allocation data structure, wherein the learning phase may be performed offline.
Fig. 1B shows a schematic representation of a radio access network controller 110 for a second radio access network. In one aspect, the radio access network controller 110 includes a processor 112, the processor 112 configured to generate a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by the radio access network controller 110. The radio access network controller 110 further comprises a transceiver 114, the transceiver 114 being adapted to send the utilization parameters to the radio access network controller 100 of the first radio access network. This can improve performance by compensating for interference at the edge of the first radio access network, since the first radio access network receives utilization parameters related to resource allocation decisions made by the radio access network controller 110.
Fig. 2 shows a system comprising two radio access networks 204A, 204B. The first radio access network 204A comprises a first radio access network controller 100 and a plurality of radio frequency heads 202A-202F connected to the first radio access network controller 100. Similarly, the second radio access network 204B comprises a second radio access network controller 110 and a plurality of radio heads 206A-206F connected to the second radio access network controller 110. Each of the radio heads 202A-202F, 206A-206F provides a particular radio coverage for the user node. Fig. 2 shows a simplified example, where two radio access networks 204A, 204B have interfered sets of radio heads 208, 210. In an example, the radio access networks 204A and 204B may be referred to as Cloud Radio Access Networks (CRANs).
The following focuses on the downlink operation of the first radio access network controller 100. The first radio access network controller 100 determines the resource allocation based on a data structure, e.g. determined by one or more machine learning algorithms. The first radio access network controller 100 may first collect resource allocation instances and then periodically aggregate these into a learned data structure for resource allocation. In one example, the first radio access network controller 100 may collect such resource allocations during one day and then aggregate these resource allocations into a learned data structure in the evening for use on the next day. It is also assumed that the second radio access network controller 110 operates in a similar manner.
Due to the nature of the learned data structure, because the potential selection of a selected resource allocation for any radio head on the second radio access network 204B is represented by the learned data structure, statistical behavior in terms of potential selected resource allocations for the set of interfered radio heads (e.g., radio head 210) may be predetermined and the collected input instances may determine a frequency of use of the selected resource allocation. Thus, the first and second radio access network controllers 100, 110 may determine the relevant resource allocations for their respective interfered radio heads according to their learned data structures. In an example, the second radio access network controller 110 may determine the utilization parameter (e.g., the fixed beam used by each radio head within the set of interfered radio heads 210) by querying the learned data structure. Other relevant information determined from the data structure may relate to, for example, the transmit power used (in relation to coordination of downlink operation). In another example, the utilization parameters may be collected during runtime of the second radio access network 204B.
The first radio access network controller 100 may be provided with information from the second radio access network controller 110 regarding interference caused by the set of radio heads 210 to user terminals served by the set of radio heads 208 using parameters, e.g. statistical information about resource allocation decisions made by the second radio access network controller 110. As an example, the statistical information may be expressed as a mean, variance, percentage, etc. of the measured quantities. In an example, the statistical information may be expressed as an average power and a percentage used for a particular beam pattern in the radio head. The second radio access network controller 110 may collect beam usage information in operation of the day or, alternatively, if a learned structure is used, the second radio access network controller 110 may query the learned structure for all locations of user nodes, e.g. the previous day, to derive beam usage and power therefrom.
When the first radio access network controller 100 may obtain information on resources used by the second radio access network 204B, this information may be included in the next learning phase performed by the first radio access network controller 100. This allows optimizing the resource allocation of the first radio access network 204A and thus is more robust against variations in interference, e.g. caused by the neighboring radio access network 204B.
In the example, the second radio access network controller 110 only shares the radio head specification of the interfered radio head to the first radio access network controller 100. This is beneficial as it will minimize the signalling overhead between the controllers. In another example, the second radio access network controller 110 shares the radio head specifications of all radio heads of the second radio access network 204B with the first radio access network controller 100. The first radio access network controller 100 then determines which radio head specification and which radio resource notification is of interest to use. In one example, the determination may be based on a location of a radio head of the first radio access network controller relative to the second radio access network controller. In another example, the determination may be made based on a network plan illustrating a deployment of first and second radio access networks and a wireless environment that allows for estimating interference.
Furthermore, in one example, the first radio access network controller 100 may use collected measurements on neighbouring cells reported by a user node served by the first radio access network controller 100 to determine which part of the radio frequency head specification to use. In another example, the first radio access network controller 100 may determine the radio heads of interest based on the generated resource allocation data structure.
In another example, there may be signaling between the first radio access network controller 100 and the second radio access network controller 110 defining which radio heads are to be included in the radio head specification and the radio resource notification message. This will enable the first radio access network controller to send selected radio heads to be included in future radio resource notification messages, thereby reducing signalling. The signaling is also advantageous for determining the most important set of interfered radio heads.
In yet another example, the first radio access network controller 100 and the second radio access network controller 110 may negotiate which radio heads to include in the radio head specification and the radio resource notification message. This will enable the information in both the first radio access network controller 100 and the second radio access network controller 110 to be used to determine the selected radio head to be included in the radio resource notification message. Furthermore, by reducing the set of radio heads to the set of radio heads that significantly causes interference and excluding all other radio heads, this allows the size of the radio head specification to be smaller and thus reduces signaling.
Fig. 3 shows a flow chart illustrating the message interaction between the first radio access network controller 100 and the second radio access network controller 110. The above message exchange may first include a radio head notification message 300 to notify the involved radio heads of the second radio access network 200B. The above message interaction may also include a radio resource allocation notification message 302 to notify the interfered radio access network of the resource allocation currently in use. The above message interaction may also include a resource allocation cancellation message 304 to indicate that the previously notified resource allocation is no longer used by the second radio access network controller 110.
In an example, the second radio access network controller 110 may send a radio head notification message 300 to the first radio access network controller 100 to create a radio head context to receive the utilization parameters related to the resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network controller 110. The radio head notification message may include radio head specification information of at least one radio head of the second radio access network. In the radio head notification message 300, the second radio access network controller 110 may establish a list of interfered radio heads with the first radio access network 204A. For each interfered radio head of the second radio access network 204B, an identifier may be established along with other relevant data (e.g., configuration and location information of the radio head). The set of interfered radio heads 210 may also vary over time due to varying propagation characteristics and network reconfiguration. This is also the case due to energy savings at low network utilization. Thus, in one example, the radio head notification message 300 may be transmitted multiple times (e.g., multiple times during a day) with operation of the second radio access network 204B.
In an example, for each radio head 206A-206E, the utilization parameters include at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. In another example, assuming a total of x radio heads in the set 210 of interfered radio heads, possible formats of the radio head notification message may be as follows.
The CRAN sending identifier CRAN receiving identifier RRH specification 1 … RRH specification x
Where "CRAN send identifier" is the unique address of the sending CRAN, "CRAN receive identifier" is the unique address of the receiving CRAN, and "RRH specification" is the information to be provided about each element of the set of interfered radio heads 210. Possible information included in the "RRH specification" may relate to at least one of: location information of the radio head, configuration of the radio head (number of antennas, height of antennas, tilt, type of antennas used, etc.), or as an identifier of the radio head used in the context of interference coordination between the first radio access network 204A and the second radio access network 204B.
Using the resource allocation notification message 302, statistics may be provided to the first radio access network 204A regarding resource allocations used by the interfered second radio access network 204B. Message 302 relies on the establishment of a context for the notification message 300 by a previously transmitted radio head.
In an example, the utilization parameters include, for each radio head 206A-206E, at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels. In another example, assuming that the resource allocation message informs a total of y radio heads (not necessarily all radio heads of the set 210), possible formats of the resource allocation notification message may be as follows:
RA information of RA information | … | RRH y of | CRAN transmission identifier | CRAN reception identifier | RRH 1 |)
Wherein the "CRAN transmission identifier" and the "CRAN reception identifier" are the same fields as in the radio head notification message, and the field "RA information of RRH" may contain a data structure having the following exemplary parts:
| RRH identifier | fixed beam identifier 1| use frequency | … | fixed beam identifier n | use frequency | transmit power identifier 1| use frequency | … | transmit power identifier m | use frequency |
Where the "RRH identifier" is a radio head identifier provided in a previous message (radio head notification message), "fixed beam identifier" is a reference identifying a single fixed beam used, which may be established, for example, by the "RRH specification" field of the previous message "radio head notification," frequency of use "is a percentage value that may represent how often the fixed beam is activated, for example, in a learned data structure currently active in the second radio access network 204B, and" transmit power identifier "is a field identifying a transmit power level set at the radio head of interest.
In an example, the second radio access network controller 110 may send a resource allocation cancellation message 304 to the first radio access network controller 100. This message may be used to inform the first radio access network controller 100 that the previously signalled resource allocation is no longer valid and that no update of the resource allocation used will be provided. For example, if the second radio access network controller 110 switches back to the global scheduling mode and no longer uses the previously signalled resource allocation, the resource allocation cancellation message 304 may be applied.
In an example, the resource allocation cancellation message 304 may have the following format:
| CRAN sends identifier | CRAN receives identifier | cancellation string |)
Where the "CRAN send identifier" and the "CRAN receive identifier" are the same fields as in the two previous messages 300, 302, and the field "cancellation string" may be a special bit combination that uniquely identifies the cancellation event of the previously notified resource allocation.
In another example, the message identifier may be included in the resource allocation notification message 302. A subsequently sent resource allocation cancellation message 304 will reference the message identifier.
Fig. 4A shows a flow chart illustrating the operation of a system comprising a first radio access network with a first radio access network controller 100 and a second radio access network with a second radio access network controller 110. It is assumed here that the radio access network has a set of two interfered-with radio heads, as indicated in fig. 2 by reference numerals 208 and 210.
At start-up, in this example, both radio access networks operate based on some Channel State Information (CSI) based resource allocation algorithm, as shown in blocks 400 and 406. As shown in blocks 402 and 408, the channel state may still be stored as training data along with the user node location. It is also assumed here that for the collection phase, all the radio heads in the interfered sets 208 and 210 alternate in time frame such that the collected training set is substantially interference free. When sufficient samples have been collected, for example during the day, the radio access network controller 110 or the radio access network controllers 100 and 110 determine its learned resource allocation data structure, as shown in blocks 404 and 410.
At block 412, the second radio access network controller 110 determines the frequency of use of the beams, e.g., all radio heads in the set of radio heads 210, according to its learned resource allocation data structure. When this information is available, the second radio access network controller 110 invokes the radio head notification message 300 discussed earlier in fig. 3 and thereby establishes a context for the first radio access network controller 100 to interpret the statistics to be sent to the first radio access network controller 100. After establishing the context, the second radio access network controller 110 sends a resource allocation notification message 300 and discloses statistical information, e.g. from its learned resource allocation data structure, to the first radio access network controller 100 by means of the utilization parameter. The first radio access network controller 110 may then store (as indicated by block 414) the information and then use the information to generate an improved resource allocation data structure with improved performance characteristics. In an example, a similar information interaction may be triggered from the first radio access network controller 100 to the second radio access network controller 110. Steps 418 and 422 and blocks 420 and 424 correspond to steps 300 and 302 and blocks 414 and 416 discussed previously, except that the direction of information interaction is different. The above-described information exchange period may continue during system operation, and in an example, it may be implemented at a fairly low frequency (e.g., hours or even days).
Fig. 4A also illustrates a situation in which the second radio access network controller 110 may need to switch back to a resource allocation mode based on channel state information, and the second radio access network controller 110 may send a resource allocation cancellation message 304 to the first radio access network controller 100 to inform about this change in the interference statistics principle. The cancellation message is needed especially when the interference pattern may change completely.
In an alternative example, a radio frequency header notification message and a resource allocation notification message may be sent in response to receiving the request for information. The request may be sent before other radio access networks invoke a relearning process to obtain the latest information.
In another example, the resource allocation notification message may be sent periodically between the radio access networks, e.g. once every night, so that updated interference estimation information may be derived in the receiving radio access network.
Fig. 4B shows another flow chart illustrating the operation of the system including a first radio access network having a first radio access network controller 100 and a second radio access network having a second radio access network controller 110. The flowchart of fig. 4B is the same as the flowchart shown in fig. 4A, except that in fig. 4B, the radio head notification request message 428 precedes the radio head notification message 300, the resource allocation notification request message 430 precedes the resource allocation notification message 302, and the resource allocation notification request message 434 precedes the resource allocation notification message 422. By issuing the request message, the first radio access network controller 100 and the second radio access network controller 110 are able to indicate when they need to send information to them.
Fig. 5A shows a flow chart of a mode for operating a radio access network with a radio access network controller. Fig. 5B shows a flow chart for another mode of operating a radio access network with a radio access network controller.
The first mode shown in fig. 5A operates (i.e., schedules) the collected channel state information 500. Cellular systems have traditionally operated in this manner. The first mode requires the collection of channel state information for the terminal (block 502). The radio access network controller then runs an algorithm to determine the appropriate resource allocation. As shown by block 504, a set of terminals assigned to the radio head and beam, filter, and MCS settings for each assigned terminal are selected based on the channel state information.
The second mode shown in FIG. 5B runs based on the location information and using machine learning operations, as shown at block 506. In other words, resource scheduling may be performed by a trained resource allocation data structure (e.g., obtained through a machine learning process) and as an input location for the terminal. In other words, as indicated by block 508, for the learned resource allocation data structure, the location of the terminal in the radio access network region is an input feature. The output class (i.e., output variable) of the learned resource allocation data structure is the set of terminals allocated to the radio head and the beam, filter, and MCS settings for each allocated terminal, as shown in block 510. At runtime, for each scheduling instance (i.e., Transmission Time Interval (TTI)), the input feature set is passed to a learned resource allocation data structure, which generates resource allocation decisions.
Fig. 6 shows a flow chart illustrating the establishment of a resource allocation data structure by the radio access network controller 100 in the radio access network. Initially, as shown in block 600, at run-time, the system operates in a Channel State Information (CSI) based configuration that runs some fast CSI based resource allocation algorithm. At this point, the radio access network controller has stored training instances, as shown in block 602. For these training examples, the location of the user node is important because it includes input features. However, accurate channel state information (antenna-to-antenna phase and amplitude) is also stored in order to determine a high quality output class, i.e. resource allocation. This information may not necessarily be used as an input feature for the machine learning process, but rather for determining the best possible resource allocation offline, which is then used as an output class.
If the sample size is insufficient (block 604), processing returns to block 600. On the other hand, if the sample size is sufficient (block 604), processing proceeds to block 606. In block 606, an offline optimization for resource allocation is run using the samples. Then, at block 608, machine learning based training is run on the location and optimized resource allocation. Since these calculations are performed off-line, complex but optimal resource allocation can be run, which typically provides better performance than the on-line crac CSI-based resource allocation algorithm.
FIG. 7 shows a flow chart for using shared resource allocation. It is now assumed that the exact channel and applied beam for the interfered radio head is known. Block 700 further assumes that a resource allocation data structure has been established for optimized interference-free resource allocation. In other words, all of the radio heads in the interfered radio head sets 208 and 210 alternate time frames such that the collected training set is substantially interference free. It is also assumed here that the CSI pilot of the user node is also listened to by the interfered radio frequency head of the second radio access network comprising the radio access network controller 110. The radio access network controller 110 then sends the channel status back to the radio access network controller 100 as shown in message 702.
At block 704, the training instances that have been collected are enhanced with sampling information from interference statistics received from radio access network controller 110. More specifically, for each training instance, the interfered radio head of radio access network 204B should employ beams according to its beam statistics. Since channel information from the interfering radio head of radio access network 204B to the user node of radio access network 204A is available, this effect can be calculated in an accurate manner by an offline exhaustive search algorithm.
At block 706, offline optimization of resource allocation may be run using the enhanced samples, and at block 708, machine learning training may be run on the optimized enhanced resource allocation. The output class determined offline will include the impact of statistics of interference from radio access network 204B, making edge resource allocation in radio access network 204A substantially more robust to interference. This would make the complexity of relearning due to changes in the usage of the radio access network less complex because the radio access network 204A does not have to collect all new training instances to determine the output class and make the radio access network 100 more quickly adopt the learned resource allocation data structure.
FIG. 8 shows a flow diagram illustrating enhancing stored samples. In one example, the step of enhancing the stored samples as shown in block 704 of FIG. 7 may be performed as shown in FIG. 8.
First, as shown in block 802, the number of samples processed, N, is set to 1. At block 804, a location is selected from the stored samples N. For each stored sample of locations, the interference profile from the beams in the set of radio heads 210 is sampled. At block 806, a random number RAND is selected. The sampling uses the individual probabilities that the beams are used and the power they use (referred to as Bx in fig. 8), as indicated at block 808. The estimated interference from each beam is summed for the selected location at block 810 and added to the selected stored samples at block 812. At block 814, the newly obtained sample (referred to as the enhanced sample in FIG. 8) is stored for later use.
At block 816, if the sample size is not yet sufficient, processing returns to block 806. Thus, the step of sampling interference from the radio head 210 is repeated until a sufficient set of samples has been obtained to represent interference from the reported use of beams in the resource allocation notification message. Then, at block 818, the value of N is incremented by 1. If the value of N is not greater than the number of samples, processing returns to block 804.
The steps shown may be repeated for all stored samples in the database without external interference. The new enhanced samples may then be used for offline optimization and further machine learning to obtain a resource allocation data structure that accommodates statistical interference from radio access network 204B.
In another example, the input features may also be extended by using the quality of service requirements of the nodes. Some user nodes may be involved in reliable applications, such as critical machine-to-machine applications, where a particular small packet needs to be transmitted within a given time frame, while the rest of the user nodes receive data (e.g., normal web traffic) from the resilient application. Such different levels of service requirements may then be taken into account during the offline calculation of the optimal resource allocation, thereby ensuring that the set of critical terminals receive their data with high reliability taking into account the adjacent interference, while maximizing the expected total effective throughput of the remaining user nodes.
At least one of the discussed examples provides the benefit of better performance at the edge of the radio access network, which can be parameterized according to a specific choice of reliability-effective throughput trade-offs, and can even be modular to individual levels of user nodes and their service requirements.
The functions described herein may be performed, at least in part, by one or more computer program product components, such as software components. According to an example, the radio access network controller may include a processor configured by program code that, when executed, performs the described examples and embodiments of operations and functions. Alternatively or in addition, the functions described herein may be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, and without limitation, illustrative types of hardware logic components that may be used include field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chips (SOCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs).
The functions of the radio access network controller may be implemented by program instructions stored on a computer readable medium. The program instructions, when executed, cause a computer, processor, etc. to perform the steps of the encoding and/or decoding methods. The computer readable medium may be any medium including a non-transitory storage medium on which a program is stored, such as a blu-ray disc, a DVD, a CD, a USB (flash) drive, a hard disk, a server memory available via a network, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM, or a flash memory having electronically readable control signals stored thereon that cooperate or are capable of cooperating with a programmable computer system such that at least one embodiment of the inventive method is performed. Embodiments of the invention include or are computer programs comprising program code for performing any of the methods described herein when executed on a computer. Another example of the present invention includes or is a computer readable medium including program code that, when executed by a processor, causes a computer system to perform any of the methods described herein.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as examples of implementing the claims, and other equivalent features and acts are intended to fall within the scope of the claims.
It should be appreciated that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one example or may relate to several examples. The embodiments are not limited to those embodiments that solve any or all of the problems or those embodiments that provide any or all of the benefits and advantages described. It will also be understood that reference to "an" item may refer to one or more of those items.
The steps of the methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order, or simultaneously where appropriate. In addition, individual blocks may be deleted from any of the methods without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Aspects of any of the examples described above may be combined with aspects of any other examples described to form further examples without losing the effect sought.
The term "comprising" is used herein to mean including the identified method, block, or element, but that such block or element does not include the exclusive list, and that the method or apparatus may include additional blocks or elements.
Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail with reference to specific features and embodiments thereof, it should be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative manner of the invention defined by the appended claims, and are to be construed as covering any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents that fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A first radio access network controller (100) for a first radio access network (204A), the first radio access network controller (100) comprising:
a transceiver (104) for receiving from a second radio access network (204B) a utilization parameter relating to a resource allocation decision made by a second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B), said utilization parameter comprising statistical information relating to resource allocation decisions made by said second radio access network controller (110), said utilization parameter comprising at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels; and
a processor (102) for generating an improved resource allocation data structure for said first radio access network controller (100) by taking into account said received utilization parameter.
2. The first radio access network controller (100) of claim 1, wherein the transceiver (104) is configured to receive a radio head notification message from the second radio access network controller (110) of the second radio access network (204B) to create a radio head context to receive the utilization parameter in connection with a resource allocation decision made by the second radio access network controller (110) of the second radio access network (204B), the radio head notification message comprising radio head specification information for at least one radio head (206A-206E) of the second radio access network (204B).
3. The first radio access network controller (100) of claim 2, wherein the transceiver (104) is configured to receive a radio resource allocation notification message from the second radio access network controller (110) of the second radio access network (204B) and to extract information from the radio resource allocation notification message using the radio head context, wherein the radio resource allocation notification message comprises the utilization parameter, the utilization parameter comprising, for each radio head (206A-206E), at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels.
4. The first radio access network controller (100) according to any of claims 2-3, wherein said transceiver (104) is configured to receive a resource allocation cancellation message from said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B).
5. The first radio access network controller (100) according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the processor (102) is configured to:
collecting a sample of a result of the resource allocation decision based on coordination of interference-free resource allocation between the first radio access network and the second radio access network;
establishing a resource allocation data structure for interference-free resource allocation based on the collected samples;
deriving interference distribution information based on the received utilization parameters;
generating an enhanced sample based on the established resource allocation data structure and the derived interference distribution information; and
generating the improved resource allocation data structure based on the enhanced samples.
6. The first radio access network controller (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein:
said processor (102) is configured to generate, from said resource allocation data structure, a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by said first radio access network controller (100); and
said transceiver (104) is configured to send said utilization parameter to said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B).
7. A second radio access network controller (110) for a second radio access network (204B), the second radio access network controller (110) comprising:
a processor (112) for generating a utilization parameter relating to resource allocation decisions made by the second radio access network controller (110), the utilization parameter comprising statistical information relating to resource allocation decisions made by the second radio access network controller (110), the utilization parameter comprising at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels; and
a transceiver (114) for transmitting the utilization parameter to a first radio access network controller (100) of a first radio access network (204A).
8. The second radio access network controller (110) according to claim 7, wherein the processor (112) is configured to generate the utilization parameter based on information collected during runtime of a resource allocation decision over a period of time.
9. The second radio access network controller (110) according to claim 7, wherein said processor (112) is configured to generate said utilization parameter from a resource allocation data structure.
10. A second radio access network controller (110) according to any of claims 7-9, wherein said transceiver (114) is configured to send a radio head notification message to said first radio access network controller (100) of said first radio access network (204A) to create a radio head context to send said utilization parameter relating to resource allocation decisions made by said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B), said radio head notification message comprising radio head specification information of at least one radio head (206A-206E) of said second radio access network (204B).
11. A second radio access network controller (110) according to any of claims 7-9, wherein the transceiver (114) is configured to send a radio resource allocation notification message to the first radio access network controller (100) of the first radio access network (204A), the radio resource allocation notification message comprising the utilization parameter, wherein for each radio head (206A-206E) the utilization parameter comprises at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels.
12. A second radio access network controller (110) according to any of claims 7-9, wherein said transceiver (114) is adapted to send a resource allocation cancellation message to said first radio access network controller (100) of said first radio access network (204A).
13. A method of coordinating interference between adjacent radio access networks, comprising:
a first radio access network controller (100) of a first radio access network (204A) receives from a second radio access network controller (110) of a second radio access network (204B) a utilization parameter related to a resource allocation decision made by said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B), said utilization parameter comprising statistical information related to a resource allocation decision made by said second radio access network controller (110), said utilization parameter comprising at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels; and
-said first radio access network controller (100) of said first radio access network (204A) generating an improved resource allocation data structure for said first radio access network controller (100) by taking into account said received utilization parameter.
14. A method of coordinating interference between adjacent radio access networks, comprising:
a second radio access network controller (110) of a second radio access network (204B) generates a utilization parameter relating to resource allocation decisions made by said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B), said utilization parameter comprising statistical information relating to resource allocation decisions made by said second radio access network controller (110), said utilization parameter comprising at least one of: frequency of use of fixed beams, frequency of use of transmit power levels; and
said second radio access network controller (110) of said second radio access network (204B) sending said utilization parameter to a first radio access network controller (100) of a first radio access network (204A).
15. A computer readable storage medium comprising program code for performing the method of claim 13 or 14 when the program code is executed on a computing device.
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