CN111175820B - Analysis method for depth relation during synthetic seismic record clear breakpoint calibration determination - Google Patents
Analysis method for depth relation during synthetic seismic record clear breakpoint calibration determination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analysis method for determining a depth relation during clear breakpoint calibration of a synthetic seismic record, which comprises the following steps of: s1, polarity judgment, reflection coefficient calculation and wavelet extraction are carried out by using seismic data interpretation software; s2, determining a target fault with a clear fault plane and performing fine interpretation; s3, determining a target well with complete drilling target fault data; s4, dividing and comparing the stratum, and determining the breakpoint measurement depth of the target well; s5, making a target well synthetic seismic record; and S6, extracting a time-depth relation curve of a single well, and making a multi-well average speed to obtain a time-depth relation ruler of the research area. The invention utilizes the uniqueness of the breaking point of the geological stratification and the uniqueness of the clear fault plane of the seismic section to carry out the 'clear breaking point calibration' of the synthetic seismic record, establish the unique and reliable one-to-one correspondence relationship between the geological stratification and the seismic channels beside the well, establish the unique, reliable and accurate time-depth relationship in the research area and provide a better basic geological basis for oil-gas exploration decision-making, particularly horizontal well drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fine description of petroleum exploration structural characteristics, in particular to an analysis method for determining a depth relation during clear breakpoint calibration of a synthetic seismic record.
Background
The method is widely applied to the technology of utilizing synthetic seismic records to calibrate the horizon, manufacturing an accurate time-depth relation ruler for explaining and constructing a diagram by the earthquake and researching the structure characteristics of the underground target horizon. Synthetic seismic records are bridges for connecting seismic data and well logging data, are the basis for structural interpretation and lithologic reservoir seismic interpretation, and are the link between seismic and geological integration. The precision of the synthetic seismic record directly influences the calibration precision of the seismic geological horizon, and generally, a research target horizon is accurately calibrated on a seismic section through high-precision synthetic seismic record calibration, and the corresponding relation of the seismic to the logging is established, so that a foundation is laid for constructing fine explanation and reservoir description. A synthetic seismic record is made by first calculating the Acoustic Impedance (Acoustic Impedance) using the velocity and density measured at the same depth point in the well data. And then calculating a reflection coefficient RC sequence (ReflcitionCoefficient). The RC series is convolved with a wavelet to obtain a composite trace. The synthetic seismic record is a process of making a one-dimensional forward model, the seismic record is a process of convolution of seismic wavelets and reflection coefficients, and the seismic record is a result of convolution of the seismic wavelets and the reflection coefficients, and is a function of time, namely f (t) ═ s (t) × r (t).
Although the calibration accuracy of the synthetic seismic record position is improved to the maximum extent on the basis of emphasizing key links such as polarity judgment, accurate extraction of reflection coefficients and wavelets in the conventional seismic synthetic seismic record, the calibration accuracy of the synthetic seismic record position is improved due to the standardization degree of logging data and the complexity of wavelet determination. However, in many research work areas, calibration results of different researchers in conventional calibration often have large differences, the situation that the difference is 1-2 seismic reflection event-phase axes often occurs, the correlation between target intervals of a synthetic recording trace and a seismic trace beside a well is good in the calibration results of different researchers, and the two calibration results are difficult to distinguish that the calibration result is correct, so that dispute and confusion of horizon calibration are caused. For the reasons, a definite corresponding relation with high correlation is difficult to find between the synthetic seismic record wave group and the well-side seismic channel wave group, sometimes, the correlation of the two corresponding relations is very good, and no uniquely-determined reflection interface can establish a definite corresponding relation with a well layer, so that the following problems and disadvantages exist in the conventional seismic synthetic seismic record:
(1) in the conventional synthetic seismic record calibration, the synthetic seismic record is often compared with the well-side seismic channel to generate multi-solution, and calibration results of different researchers often have differences to generate disputes.
(2) The time-depth relationship made by using the conventional synthetic seismic record is often uncertain and non-unique, which brings confusion to oil-gas exploration decisions, and particularly has fatal influence on the drilling of horizontal wells.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide an analysis method for determining the time-depth relationship of the synthetic seismic record clear breakpoint calibration, which utilizes unique and reliable geological layering breakpoint data and unique clear and definite three-dimensional seismic data fault plane data to calibrate the time-depth relationship and aims to solve the problem of disputes of conventional calibration results.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an analysis method for determining a depth relation during clear breakpoint calibration of a synthetic seismic record, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, utilizing seismic data interpretation software to judge the polarity of the seismic section, calculate the reflection coefficient and extract wavelets;
s2, observing and analyzing the seismic section in the research area, determining a target fault with a clear fault plane and carrying out fine interpretation on the fault of the seismic section;
s3, determining a target well which meets the target fault;
s4, determining a standard well in a research area, carrying out fine stratigraphic division and comparison of a target well and the standard well, determining important parameters of geological stratification breakpoints of a drilling target fault on a well in a depth domain, and measuring the depth of the breakpoints;
s5, making a target well synthetic seismic record, directly establishing a corresponding relation between a well layered fault and a well-side seismic channel section target fault, observing the corresponding situation of the synthetic seismic record and a well-side seismic channel wave group, and slightly adjusting the synthetic seismic record to reach a higher correlation coefficient;
s6, extracting time-depth relation curves of single wells respectively through 'clear breakpoint calibration' of a plurality of target wells in a research work area, and making multi-well average speed to obtain a time-depth relation ruler in the research area.
Preferably, in step S3, when determining the target well of the target fault, selecting the target well which only encounters one breakpoint of the target fault and has regular density or sonic logging curve data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the uniqueness of the breaking point of the geological stratification and the uniqueness of the clear fault plane of the seismic section are utilized to carry out 'clear breaking point calibration' of the synthetic seismic record, establish the unique and reliable one-to-one corresponding relation between the geological stratification and the seismic channels beside the well, obtain the unique, reliable and accurate time-depth relation of the research area, and provide a better foundation geological basis for oil-gas exploration decision-making, particularly horizontal well drilling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for analyzing a depth relationship when a synthetic seismic record is clearly marked for breakpoint determination according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of clear calibration of breakpoints of synthetic geology records for G2-P1 wells in official area 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a comparison graph of the calibration results of the conventional calibration and the clear breakpoint calibration of G2-P1 wells in officer 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an analysis method of the depth relationship when the clear breakpoint calibration of the synthetic seismic record is determined,
s1, utilizing general seismic data interpretation software such as Geoframe and Landmark to judge the polarity of the seismic section, calculate the reflection coefficient and extract the wavelet;
s2, observing and analyzing the seismic section in the research area, determining a target fault with a clear fault plane and carrying out fine interpretation on the fault of the seismic section;
s3, determining a target well which meets the target fault, and selecting the target well which only meets one breakpoint of the target fault and has conventional density or acoustic logging curve data;
s4, determining a standard well in a research area, developing fine stratum division and comparison of a target well and the standard well, determining important parameters of geological stratification breakpoints of a drilling target fault on a depth domain well, and measuring the depth of the breakpoints;
s5, making a target well synthetic seismic record, directly establishing a corresponding relation between a well layered fault and a well-side seismic channel section target fault, observing the corresponding situation of the synthetic seismic record and a well-side seismic channel wave group, and slightly adjusting the synthetic seismic record to reach a higher correlation coefficient;
s6, extracting time-depth relation curves of single wells respectively through 'clear breakpoint calibration' of a plurality of target wells in a research work area, and making multi-well average speed to obtain a time-depth relation ruler in the research area.
According to the horizontal well drilling embodiment in the organ 2 area, in the process of oil exploration and development in the area, due to the fact that geological conditions are complex, fault development and poor seismic data quality are achieved, technicians in the industry conduct synthetic seismic record manufacturing, some students consider a target oil interval to correspond to a seismic reflection event axis I, some students consider the target oil interval to correspond to a seismic reflection event axis II (figures 2 and 3), and from the calibration result of conventional synthetic seismic records, when the synthetic seismic record target oil interval corresponds to the seismic reflection event axis I and the seismic reflection event axis II, the synthetic seismic records are good in corresponding relation with well-side seismic channels and high in correlation coefficient. This can cause great confusion in oil and gas exploration decisions and the uncertain time-depth relationships can cause significant direct economic losses.
The invention establishes the unique, determined and accurate one-to-one corresponding relation between the oil reservoir of the drilling target and the seismic reflection event axis II by synthesizing the fine breakpoint calibration of the seismic record, utilizing the uniquely determined geological stratification breakpoint, utilizing the uniquely determined fault plane in the three-dimensional seismic data and clearly calibrating the breakpoint through the synthetic record breakpoint. The dispute that the oil reservoir of the drilling purpose corresponds to the seismic reflection event is solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (2)
1. An analysis method for determining the depth relation of the synthetic seismic record during clear breakpoint calibration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, utilizing seismic data interpretation software to judge the polarity of the seismic section, calculate the reflection coefficient and extract wavelets;
s2, observing and analyzing the seismic section in the research area, determining a target fault with a clear fault plane and carrying out fine interpretation on the fault of the seismic section;
s3, determining a target well which meets the target fault;
s4, determining a standard well in a research area, carrying out fine stratigraphic division and comparison of a target well and the standard well, determining important parameters of geological stratification breakpoints of a drilling target fault on a well in a depth domain, and measuring the depth of the breakpoints;
s5, making a target well synthetic seismic record, directly establishing a corresponding relation between the well layered break point and a well-side seismic channel section target break point by using the uniquely determined geological layered break point and the uniquely determined fault plane in the three-dimensional seismic data, observing the corresponding situation of the synthetic seismic record and the well-side seismic channel wave group, and slightly adjusting the synthetic seismic record to reach a higher correlation coefficient;
s6, extracting time-depth relation curves of single wells respectively through 'clear breakpoint calibration' of a plurality of target wells in a research work area, and making multi-well average speed to obtain a time-depth relation ruler in the research area.
2. The analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, when determining the target well of the target fault, selecting the target well which only encounters a breakpoint of the target fault and has regular density or sonic logging curve data.
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| CN112882097B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-07-25 | 北京瑞码恒杰科技有限公司 | Calibration method for highly deviated well and horizontal well |
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