CN111175322B - Slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on X-ray digital imaging technology - Google Patents
Slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on X-ray digital imaging technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology, which comprises the steps of fixing a digital imaging plate, searching a projection point of a central point of the digital imaging plate on the back of a component and marking the projection point; erecting an X-ray machine, wherein the center of a transmitting opening of the X-ray machine is approximately aligned with the mark point; mounting a positioning ring, measuring the distance l from the center of the positioning ring to the bottom of the member 1 (ii) a Shooting an image of a detected area, identifying the image, drawing a horizontal auxiliary line passing through the center of the positioning ring in the image, comparing the heights of the positioning ring, the slurry surface and the end part of the connecting steel bar in the image, and determining measurement l based on the comparison result 2 Or l 3 (l 2 、l 3 The vertical distances from the end part of the connecting steel bar and the slurry surface to the horizontal auxiliary line respectively); to l 2 Or l 3 And correcting and calculating the effective anchoring length h so as to judge the quality of the lap joint of the grout anchor. The invention solves the problem that the effective anchoring length of the steel bar cannot be accurately measured due to the fact that the grout anchor pipe only can be locally projected and lacks of a size reference point, and improves the detection precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of assembly type buildings, in particular to a slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology
Background
The grout anchor lap joint is one of the connection modes of the vertical components of the prefabricated concrete structure, and is a reinforcing steel bar lap joint mode realized by reserving a pore channel in a prefabricated concrete component, inserting reinforcing steel bars to be lapped into the pore channel and pouring cement-based grouting material. The effective anchoring length of the connecting steel bars is a main factor influencing the overlapping connection quality of the grout anchor, and the effective anchoring length is determined by the grouting fullness and the insertion depth of the connecting steel bars in the grout anchor pipe. However, at the present stage, the domestic construction technology level is low, the quality of field constructors is uneven, the situations of insufficient grouting and insufficient insertion depth of connecting steel bars are often caused, the lap joint quality of the grout anchor has potential safety hazards, and the popularization and the development of the fabricated concrete structure are hindered to a certain extent.
At present, the quality detection of the grout anchor lap joint mainly refers to a related detection method of the sleeve grout joint. The X-ray digital imaging detection technology has become one of the accepted sleeve grouting connection quality detection methods in the industry due to the characteristics of clear imaging result, no damage or micro damage to the detected member, direct measurement on the imaging result, and the like. Chinese patent publication No. CN106872499A discloses a defect detection device and inspection method for a grouting sleeve test piece, which uses an industrial X-ray machine to irradiate the grouting sleeve test piece, obtains a projection image file from a digital image plate, and performs parameter analysis on the projection image file to obtain accurate information such as defect width and defect area of the sleeve grouting test piece. The method can accurately calculate the defect area, the defect position and the like of the grouting sleeve test piece, and can avoid damage to the grouting sleeve test piece.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109781752A discloses an X-ray digital imaging enhancement and quantitative identification method for detecting a sleeve grouting defect, which adopts a portable X-ray machine to detect the sleeve grouting defect, draws two vertical auxiliary lines penetrating through the sleeve at the middle part of the grouting area at both sides of a steel bar in the sleeve on the imaging result, calculates a gray scale curve on the vertical auxiliary lines at both sides, and identifies a grouting defect interface according to the change of the gray scale value; when the grouting defect is positioned at the end part of the sleeve grout outlet, measuring the distance from the bottom of the sleeve grout outlet to a grouting defect interface; when the grout defect is located in the middle of the sleeve, the distance between the two grout defect interfaces is measured. The method has clear imaging and can accurately measure the size of the grouting defect.
However, the direct application of X-ray methods to the quality of grout anchor lap joints remains questionable. Because the stress mechanisms of the sleeve grouting connection and the grout anchor lap joint are different, the required anchoring length difference of the connecting steel bars is larger, the anchoring length of the sleeve grouting connecting steel bars is only required to reach 8d (d is the diameter of the connecting steel bars) under normal conditions, and the effective anchoring length of the steel bars is not less than 1.2l according to the regulation in the technical Standard for assembled concrete construction GB/T51231- aE (l aE For seismic anchoring lengths) of typically around 700mm, the difference in construction between grout sleeves and grout anchor tubes is large. The grouting sleeve is small in size and high in precision, and considering that the length and the width of the digital imaging plate are about 400mm, when the X-ray method is used for detection, the half grouting sleeve of a conventional type can be projected on the digital imaging plate in full length, and the sleeve can be used as a reference object, so that the size of the internal defect of the sleeve can be calculated conveniently; for a full grouting sleeve of a conventional type, more than half of the length of the full grouting sleeve can be projected on a digital imaging plate, and the size of the defect in the sleeve can be accurately calculated by using the structure of the known position in the sleeve as a reference point, such as a limiting stop card, a grouting port, a grout outlet and the like. The length of the grout anchor pipe is large, during detection, the grout anchor pipe can only be locally projected on the digital imaging plate, the size precision of the grout anchor pipe is poor, the grout anchor pipe does not have structural characteristics which can serve as a known reference point, and the grout anchor pipe cannot accurately calculate the grout interface height and the insertion depth of the connecting reinforcing steel bars.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grout anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology, which can accurately measure the effective anchoring length of a connecting steel bar in grout anchor lap joint so as to judge the quality of grout anchor lap joint, and has high detection efficiency and reliable detection result.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, fixing a digital imaging plate, wherein the digital imaging plate is fixed on a grouting operation surface of a component, the grouting operation surface is the front surface of the component, the digital imaging plate covers the upper part of a grout anchor pipe, and the upper edge of the digital imaging plate is higher than the top of the grout anchor pipe;
s2, making a mark point, searching a projection point of the central point of the digital imaging plate on the back of the component, and making a mark;
s3, erecting an X-ray machine, arranging the X-ray machine on the back of the member, installing a laser aligner at an emission port of the X-ray machine, opening the laser aligner, and adjusting the position of the X-ray machine to enable a laser projection point to be within 30mm of a mark point;
s4, mounting a positioning ring on the back of the component, adhering the positioning ring to a laser projection point, and measuring the distance l from the center of the positioning ring to the bottom of the component 1 ；
S5, shooting an image of a detected area, setting parameters of an X-ray machine, starting the X-ray machine to shoot, displaying a shooting result on a computer in real time, and performing enhancement processing on the image quality to obtain an imaging result;
s6, image recognition is conducted, the positions of the positioning ring, the slurry surface and the end portion of the connecting steel bar in the image are recognized, a horizontal auxiliary line passing through the center of the positioning ring is drawn on the imaging result, the height of the slurry surface is compared with the height of the end portion of the connecting steel bar, and if the slurry surface is higher than the end portion of the connecting steel bar, the vertical distance l from the end portion of the connecting steel bar to the horizontal auxiliary line is measured on the imaging result 2 When the end of the connecting reinforcement is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line 2 Positive, otherwise negative; if the end part of the connecting steel bar is higher than the slurry surface, measuring the vertical distance l from the slurry surface to the horizontal auxiliary line on the imaging result 3 When the level of the slurry is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line 3 Positive, otherwise negative;
s7, evaluating the lap joint quality of the grout anchor, and comparing l 2 And l 3 Multiplying by a correction coefficient beta to correct:
in the formula:
f, the vertical distance from the emission port of the X-ray machine to the measured object;
f is the vertical distance from the emission opening of the X-ray machine to the digital imaging plate;
l 2 actual length L of corresponding connecting reinforcement section 2 ＝l 2 ×β，l 3 Actual length L of the corresponding grouting material section 3 ＝l 3 X beta when the grout level is higher than the ends of the connecting reinforcing bars, the effective anchoring length h is l 1 +L 2 (ii) a When the end of the connecting steel bar is higher than the slurry surface, the effective anchoring length h is equal to l 1 +L 3 When the effective anchoring length h is larger than or equal to L (wherein L is the designed anchoring length), the lap joint quality of the grout anchor meets the requirement, and the rest lengths do not meet the requirement.
Further, in S1, the position of the grout anchor pipe is determined by a steel bar scanner, the position of the digital imaging plate is adjusted to enable the grout anchor pipe to correspond to the position of the central line of the digital imaging plate in the vertical direction, the upper edge of the digital imaging plate is 50mm-100mm higher than the grout outlet, and the length and the width of the digital imaging plate are not less than 300 mm.
Further, in S2, the distance between the central point of the digital imaging plate and the top and both sides of the component is measured by using a laser distance meter, and the corresponding position is found on the back of the component according to the distance, and the marking point is made.
Further, in S3, the emission opening of the X-ray machine is 500mm to 700mm from the surface of the member, while ensuring that the emission opening of the X-ray machine is parallel to the surface of the member.
Further, in S4, the positioning ring is a circular ring with a hole at the center, and is made of metal, the positioning ring has a thickness of 3mm to 5mm, an inner diameter of 3mm to 5mm, and an outer diameter of 8mm to 10 mm.
Further, in S5, the tube voltage of the X-ray machine is set to 250kV to 290kV, the tube current is set to 2mA to 3mA, and the exposure time is set to 2S to 4S.
Further, in S6, determining the position of the grout surface according to the change of the gray value in the grout anchor pipe in the image; and identifying the positions of the end parts of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar in the image according to the original shapes and the gray value changes of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the positioning ring is arranged on the projection point at the center of the emission port of the X-ray machine, the projection point of the positioning ring in an imaging result is an amplification original point of an image, the actual height of the slurry surface and the end part of the connecting steel bar can be accurately calculated according to a correction coefficient (determined by the ratio of the distance from the emission port of the X-ray machine to a measured object to the focal length) and the amplification original point with known height, the problem that the slurry anchor pipe can only be locally projected on a digital imaging plate and the effective anchoring length of the connecting steel bar cannot be accurately measured under the condition that no obvious fixed-size reference point exists in the slurry anchor pipe is solved, and the method has high detection efficiency and reliable detection result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in use;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mating arrangement of the X-ray machine and positioning ring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a corresponding component of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the grout anchor pipe of the present invention in a "quincunx" arrangement;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure in another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the method for detecting the quality of the lap joint of the grout anchor based on the X-ray digital imaging technology of the present invention, the member 111 mainly comprises an internally disposed grout anchor pipe 2, the grout anchor pipe is arranged in a quincunx shape, as shown in fig. 4, andthe lower layer shear wall connecting steel bars 112 extending into the grout anchor pipes are HRB400 hot rolled ribbed steel bars with the diameter of 14mm, the earthquake-resistant grade is calculated according to three levels, and the earthquake-resistant anchoring length l aE 518mm, the designed anchoring length L should not be less than 1.2L aE (1.2l aE 621.6 mm); the grout anchor pipe is provided with a grout pipe 113 and a grout outlet pipe 114 which extend to the surface of the component, when grouting construction is carried out, grout 115 is poured from the grout pipe, grouting is stopped after grout in the grout outlet pipe flows out in strands, the grout outlet 116 and the grout outlet 117 on the surface of the component are plugged, and the quality of lap joint of the grout anchor is detected after the grout in the grout anchor pipe is coagulated and hardened.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of fixing a digital imaging plate 1, fixing the digital imaging plate on a grouting operation surface of a component, wherein the grouting operation surface is the front surface of the component, determining the position of a grout anchor pipe by using a steel bar scanner, adjusting the position of the digital imaging plate to enable the grout anchor pipe to correspond to the central line position of the digital imaging plate in the vertical direction, enabling the digital imaging plate to be attached to the grouting operation surface in parallel, covering the upper part of the grout anchor pipe 2 by using the digital imaging plate, enabling the upper edge of the digital imaging plate to be higher than the top of the grout anchor pipe, and ensuring that an image required by measurement and calculation can be obtained during imaging, wherein the upper edge of the digital imaging plate is higher than a grout outlet by 50-100 mm, and the length and the width of the digital imaging plate are not less than 300 mm.
And then making mark points, measuring the distance sizes from the central point of the digital imaging plate to the top and two sides of the member by using a laser range finder, finding a corresponding position on the back of the member according to the distance sizes, namely a projection point of the central point of the digital imaging plate on the back of the member, marking, and making the mark points.
Then erecting an X-ray machine 3, wherein the X-ray machine is arranged on the back of the component, the emission port of the X-ray machine is 500-700 mm from the surface of the component, and the emission port of the X-ray machine is ensured to be parallel to the surface of the component; and installing a laser aligner 4 at the emission port of the X-ray machine, opening the laser aligner, and adjusting the position of the X-ray machine to ensure that a laser projection point is within 30mm of the mark point.
For facilitating subsequent measurement and calculation, the back of the component is provided with a positioning partA ring 5, sticking the positioning ring at the laser projection point, and measuring the distance l from the center of the positioning ring to the bottom of the member 1 To obtain l 1 Is 550 mm; the positioning ring is a circular ring with a hole at the center, the positioning ring is made of metal, the thickness of the positioning ring is 3mm-5mm, the inner diameter of the positioning ring is 3mm-5mm, the outer diameter of the positioning ring is 8mm-10mm, the metal material can be used for keeping a shadow on an image when the image is formed, the shadow is an amplification original point of the image, and the height positions and the sizes of other parts except the amplification original point in an imaging result are zoomed in a certain proportion.
Shooting an image of a detected area after the installation is finished, setting parameters of an X-ray machine, setting the tube voltage of the X-ray machine to be 250kV-290kV, setting the tube current to be 2mA-3mA, setting the exposure time to be 2s-4s, starting the X-ray machine to shoot, displaying the shooting result on a computer in real time, and enhancing the image quality to obtain an imaging result;
performing image recognition in the imaging result, and determining the position of the slurry surface according to the change of the gray value in the slurry anchor pipe in the image; identifying the positions of the end parts of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar in the image according to the original shapes and gray value changes of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar, drawing a horizontal auxiliary line A passing through the center of the positioning ring on the image of the imaging result, comparing the height of the slurry surface with the height of the end part of the connecting steel bar and measuring the size;
the method of comparative measurements is as follows: if the slurry surface is higher than the end part of the connecting steel bar, measuring the vertical distance l from the end part of the connecting steel bar to the horizontal auxiliary line on the imaging result 2 When the end of the connecting reinforcement is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line 2 Positive, otherwise negative; if the end part of the connecting steel bar is higher than the slurry surface, measuring the vertical distance l from the slurry surface to the horizontal auxiliary line on the imaging result 3 When the level of the slurry is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line 3 Positive, otherwise negative;
in fig. 5, it can be seen that the grout level is higher than the end of the coupling bar and the end of the coupling bar is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line, thus measuring the vertical distance l from the end of the coupling bar to the horizontal auxiliary on the imaging result 2 ，l 2 Taking a positive value to obtain a result of l 2 ＝120mm。
Finally, evaluating the quality of the lap joint of the grout anchor, and according to the principle of an X-ray method, obtaining an imaging result 2 Is amplified by a certain proportion, needs to be compared with l 2 Multiplying by a correction coefficient beta to correct:
in the formula:
f is the vertical distance from the emission port of the X-ray machine to the measured object;
f is the vertical distance from the emission opening of the X-ray machine to the digital imaging plate.
l 2 Actual length L of corresponding connecting reinforcement section 2 ＝l 2 X beta, the effective anchoring length h is l because the slurry surface is higher than the end of the connecting reinforcing steel bar 1 +L 2 (ii) a The vertical distance F from the emission port of the X-ray machine to a measured object is 650mm, the vertical distance F from the emission port of the X-ray machine to a numerical imaging plate is 800mm, and the correction coefficient beta is 0.81; the effective anchoring length h ═ l 1 +L 2 550mm + (120 multiplied by 0.81) ═ 647mm, the effective anchoring length h is more than L (wherein L is the designed anchoring length), and the lapping connection quality of the slurry anchor meets the requirement.
In another embodiment, the vertical distance F from the emission port of the X-ray machine to the measured object is 600mm, the vertical distance F from the emission port of the X-ray machine to the numerical imaging plate is 750mm, and the correction coefficient beta is 0.8; measuring the distance l from the retaining ring to the bottom of the component 1 Is 546 mm; in fig. 6, it can be seen that the end of the connecting bar is higher than the slurry surface and the slurry surface is lower than the horizontal auxiliary line, so that the vertical distance l from the slurry surface to the auxiliary line is measured on the imaging result 3 I.e., and 3 taking a negative value, the result obtained is l 3 -80 mm. The effective anchoring length h ═ l 1 +L 3 546mm + (-80 × 0.8) ═ 482 mm. h is less than L, so the lap joint quality of the grout anchor does not meet the requirement.
To sum up, this application can mark the auxiliary line through enlargiing the original point through the holding ring, can be quick measure effective size distance in the formation of image result through the auxiliary line, through the quick conversion of effective size distance, can accurately measure the effective anchor length of thick liquid anchor intraductal connecting reinforcement, detection efficiency is high, the testing result is reliable.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A slurry anchor lap joint quality detection method based on an X-ray digital imaging technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing a digital imaging plate, wherein the digital imaging plate is fixed on a grouting operation surface of a component, the grouting operation surface is the front surface of the component, the digital imaging plate covers the upper part of a grout anchor pipe, and the upper edge of the digital imaging plate is higher than the top of the grout anchor pipe;
s2, making mark points, searching projection points of the central points of the digital imaging plates on the back of the member, and making marks;
s3, erecting an X-ray machine, arranging the X-ray machine on the back of the member, installing a laser aligner at an emission port of the X-ray machine, opening the laser aligner, and adjusting the position of the X-ray machine to enable a laser projection point to be within 30mm of a mark point;
s4, mounting a positioning ring on the back of the component, adhering the positioning ring to a laser projection point, and measuring the distance l from the center of the positioning ring to the bottom of the component 1 ；
S5, shooting an image of a detected area, setting parameters of an X-ray machine, starting the X-ray machine to shoot, displaying a shooting result on a computer in real time, and performing enhancement processing on the image quality to obtain an imaging result;
s6, identifying the positions of the positioning ring, the slurry surface and the end part of the connecting steel bar in the image, drawing a horizontal auxiliary line passing through the center of the positioning ring on the imaging result, and comparing the height of the slurry surface with the height of the end part of the connecting steel barIf the slurry surface is higher than the end part of the connecting steel bar, the vertical distance l from the end part of the connecting steel bar to the horizontal auxiliary line is measured on the imaging result 2 When the end of the connecting reinforcement is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line 2 Positive, otherwise negative; if the end part of the connecting steel bar is higher than the slurry surface, measuring the vertical distance l from the slurry surface to the horizontal auxiliary line on the imaging result 3 When the level of the slurry is higher than the horizontal auxiliary line,/ 3 Positive, otherwise negative;
s7, evaluating the lap joint quality of the grout anchor, and comparing l 2 And l 3 Multiplying by a correction coefficient beta to correct:
in the formula:
f, the vertical distance from the emission port of the X-ray machine to the measured object;
f is the vertical distance from the emission opening of the X-ray machine to the digital imaging plate;
l 2 actual length L of corresponding connecting reinforcement section 2 ＝l 2 ×β，l 3 Actual length L of the corresponding grouting material section 3 ＝l 3 X beta when the grout level is higher than the ends of the connecting reinforcing bars, the effective anchoring length h is l 1 +L 2 (ii) a When the end of the connecting steel bar is higher than the slurry surface, the effective anchoring length h is equal to l 1 +L 3 And when the effective anchoring length h is larger than or equal to L, wherein L is the designed anchoring length, the lap joint quality of the grout anchor meets the requirement, and the rest lengths do not meet the requirement.
2. The method for detecting the quality of the grout anchor lap joint based on the X-ray digital imaging technology of claim 1, wherein in S1, a steel bar scanner is used to determine the position of the grout anchor pipe, the position of the digital imaging plate is adjusted to make the position of the grout anchor pipe correspond to the position of the central line in the vertical direction of the digital imaging plate, the upper edge of the digital imaging plate is 50mm-100mm higher than the grout outlet, and the length and the width of the digital imaging plate are not less than 300 mm.
3. The method for detecting the quality of grout anchor lap joint based on X-ray digital imaging technology of claim 1 wherein in S2, the distance dimension from the central point of the digital imaging plate to the top and both sides of the component is measured by using a laser range finder, and the marking point is made by finding the corresponding position on the back of the component according to the distance dimension.
4. The method for detecting the quality of the grout anchor lap joint according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the emitting opening of the X-ray machine is 500mm-700mm from the surface of the component, and the emitting opening of the X-ray machine is ensured to be parallel to the surface of the component.
5. The method for detecting the quality of the lap joint of the grout anchor based on the X-ray digital imaging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the positioning ring is a circular ring with a hole at the center, is made of metal, has a thickness of 3mm to 5mm, an inner diameter of 3mm to 5mm and an outer diameter of 8mm to 10 mm.
6. The method for detecting the quality of the lap joint of the grout anchor based on the X-ray digital imaging technique according to claim 1, wherein in S5, the tube voltage of the X-ray machine is set to 250kV to 290kV, the tube current is set to 2mA to 3mA, and the exposure time is set to 2S to 4S.
7. The method for detecting the quality of the grout anchor lap joint based on the X-ray digital imaging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S6, the position of the grout surface is determined according to the variation of the gray value in the grout anchor pipe in the image; and identifying the positions of the end parts of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar in the image according to the original shapes and the gray value changes of the positioning ring and the connecting steel bar.
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| CN116883488B (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2024-03-26 | 捷安特(中国)有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining center position of circular pipe |
| CN117129497B (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-06-14 | 中铁建设集团华东工程有限公司 | Device and method for detecting grouting construction defects of PC (polycarbonate) component |
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