CN111173543A - Heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure of high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure of high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111173543A CN111173543A CN202010122438.2A CN202010122438A CN111173543A CN 111173543 A CN111173543 A CN 111173543A CN 202010122438 A CN202010122438 A CN 202010122438A CN 111173543 A CN111173543 A CN 111173543A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and a construction method thereof, which relate to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, wherein the structure comprises a combined supporting structure; the combined supporting structure comprises an anchor rod, a fiber concrete layer and a mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer which are sequentially laid from the hole wall to the center along the hole diameter, a composite heat-insulating lining is laid in the mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer, and the composite heat-insulating lining comprises a heat-insulating layer, a waterproof protective layer and a molded concrete layer which are sequentially arranged. The heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and the construction method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the temperature stress in the tunnel is reduced, and the stability of the tunnel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a heat-insulating and high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and a construction method thereof.
Background
The western regions of China are severe in environment and complex in geological structure, and in hydraulic engineering construction, many engineering geological problems such as seepage, rock burst, high ground temperature and high ground stress often occur, wherein the high ground temperature is a common geological disaster in underground caverns. The Hadbit hydropower station is positioned in an upstream main stream river section of the frontal Qissy river, is a long-tunnel high-head water diversion type hydropower station, and has high-temperature geothermal disasters in partial tunnel sections, the average temperature in the tunnel is as high as 51 ℃, the water temperature change in winter and summer is large, and the tunnel sections belong to high-ground-stress areas, so the construction difficulty is large; the Qihaha Tuer hydropower station engineering is positioned on a TashKuer dry river in TashKuer Ganjik county of KashShi city of Uygur autonomous region, Xinjiang, and has the pile numbers of water diversion tunnels between 8+200-9+400, the actual measurement of the temperature of the tunnel wall can reach 90 ℃ at most, the water temperature for many years is only about 7 ℃, the tunnel wall belongs to a high ground stress area, and the influence of temperature stress is obviously unreasonable without consideration in the structural design process; in a Brillon-Gorgol hydropower station in a karyon mountain area, the problem of high ground temperature exists in a hole section (with the pile number of 2+688 m-6 +799m), the initial highest temperature is 105 ℃, the temperature of a rock mass is generally measured at 60-80 ℃ in the follow-up process, and the hole section belongs to an extremely high rock temperature hole section. Most scholars analyze the temperature and stress change rules of surrounding rocks and supporting structures under the high ground temperature working condition, but the study on the aspect of heat insulation material selection in the process of designing the composite supporting structure is less, most scholars only put forward the principle of heat insulation material selection, and the material comparison analysis is less performed on the overall performance of the supporting structure. By analyzing the temperature change rule and the stress characteristic of surrounding rocks of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel, a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure suitable for the diversion tunnel in the high-temperature area is developed, and the heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure has important engineering significance and social benefit for solving the technical problems of the engineering of the underground cavern and the diversion tunnel in the high-temperature area and promoting the comprehensive prevention and control technology of rock disasters of the underground cavern in the high-temperature area in China.
In the high ground temperature diversion tunnel excavation process, the temperature is too high in the hole not only can reduce construction operation efficiency, still can threaten constructor's life safety under the serious condition, in addition, makes the interior cooling of hole through the ventilation effect, can produce additional temperature stress with the inside self high temperature of country rock, and additional temperature stress can arouse the lining cutting fracture to influence the stability of whole tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, reducing the temperature stress in the tunnel and improving the stability of the tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel, which comprises a combined supporting structure; the combined supporting structure comprises an anchor rod, a fiber concrete layer and a mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer which are sequentially laid from the hole wall to the center along the hole diameter, a composite heat-insulating lining is laid in the mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer, and the composite heat-insulating lining comprises a heat-insulating layer, a waterproof protective layer and a molded concrete layer which are sequentially arranged.
Optionally, the anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx structure, the length of each anchor rod is 3m, the diameter of each anchor rod is 25mm, and the interval row spacing is 2m by 2 m.
Optionally, the fiber concrete layer has a thickness of 10cm and a barrier rating of at least W8.
Optionally, the diameter of the steel bar of the mesh hanging steel bar layer is 8mm, and the mesh spacing is 200mm by 200 mm.
Optionally, the heat insulation layer is formed by laying polystyrene foam polystyrene boards with the thickness of 10 cm.
Optionally, the waterproof layer is a CPU polyurethane waterproof coating layer, and the thickness is 1-2 mm.
Optionally, the thickness of the molded concrete layer is 40 cm.
The invention also provides a construction method of the heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
step one; checking the size of the opened section, cleaning the sprayed section, spraying 5cm thick fiber concrete for the first time, adding a high-efficiency setting accelerator, drilling holes, washing with cold water, applying a cement explosive roll anchor rod as an anchor rod immediately, laying a steel bar net layer, cleaning dust and spraying 5cm thick fiber concrete again;
step two; laying a heat insulation layer, prefabricating a polystyrene foam polystyrene board outside the hole according to the size of the cavity, and bonding the boards by using a polystyrene bonding material;
step three; spraying a CPU polyurethane waterproof coating on the base surface of the laid heat insulation layer, wherein the thickness of the CPU polyurethane waterproof coating is 1-2 mm;
step four; after the laying quality of the waterproof protective layer is checked, pouring a common concrete lining by adopting a molding method, wherein the concrete is marked as C25 and the thickness is 40 cm;
step five; expansion joints are arranged every 50 meters, the width of each joint is 3cm, and the joints are filled with flexible and compressible materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the thermal insulation high temperature resistant structure outer layer middle spraying layer of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel provided by the invention is a fiber concrete spraying layer, so that the conductivity of the spraying layer is improved, the tensile strength of the spraying layer is improved, the influence of additional temperature stress on the spraying layer is reduced, and the probability of being pulled apart is reduced. In addition, the fiber concrete has higher conductivity than common concrete, and is relatively superior in other properties, such as seepage resistance, compressive strength and the like. Compared with the method of directly using the mixed concrete with heat insulation effect as the permanent lining, the strength and the toughness of the lining to cope with the temperature stress caused by the sudden temperature difference are relatively unstable. The structure of the invention can design the whole heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure aiming at different hole diameters according to similar high-ground temperature disasters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat-insulating and high-temperature-resistant structure of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed sectional view of the heat-insulating and high-temperature-resistant structure of the high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel according to the present invention;
wherein, 1 is the stock, 2 is the fibre concrete layer, 3 is the hanging net reinforcing bar layer, 4 is the insulating layer, 5 is the waterproof protective layer, 6 is the mould concrete layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, reducing the temperature stress in the tunnel and improving the stability of the tunnel.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel, which comprises a combined supporting structure as shown in figures 1 and 2; the combined supporting structure comprises an anchor rod 1, a fiber concrete layer 2 and a mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer 3 which are sequentially paved from the hole wall to the center along the hole diameter, a composite heat-insulating lining is paved in the mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer 3, and the composite heat-insulating lining comprises a heat-insulating layer 4, a waterproof protective layer 5 and a molded concrete layer 6 which are sequentially arranged.
Further preferably, the anchor rods 1 are arranged in a quincunx structure, the length of each anchor rod 1 is 3m, the diameter of each anchor rod 1 is 25mm, and the spacing is 2m by 2 m. The fibre concrete layer 2 has a thickness of 10cm and a impermeability rating of at least W8. The diameter of the steel bar of the mesh hanging steel bar layer 3 is 8mm, and the mesh interval is 200mm x 200 mm. The heat insulation layer 4 is formed by laying polystyrene foam polystyrene boards with the thickness of 10 cm. The waterproof protective layer 5 is a CPU polyurethane waterproof coating layer with the thickness of 1-2 mm. The thickness of the molded concrete layer 6 was 40 cm.
The construction method of the heat insulation high temperature resistant structure comprises the following steps: checking the size of the opened section, cleaning the sprayed section, primarily spraying C25 fiber concrete with the thickness of about 5cm, adding a high-efficiency accelerator, shortening the initial setting time of the concrete, then drilling, paving the anchor rod 1 in a quincunx shape, flushing the drilled hole with cold water, reducing the temperature in the hole, immediately applying the anchor rod 1 as a cement explosive roll anchor rod to meet the requirement of drawing force, then paving a net hanging reinforcing steel bar layer 3, and after cleaning dust, re-spraying C25 fiber concrete with the thickness of 5 cm. In order to ensure that the thermal insulation layer 4 laid later is tightly attached to the sprayed layer, the base surface of the sprayed layer needs to be trimmed and leveled.
The material of the heat insulation layer 4 is polystyrene foam polystyrene board, and when the heat insulation layer 4 is laid, the polystyrene foam polystyrene board can be prefabricated outside the hole according to the size of the cavity, and the size is generally 1m multiplied by 1m or 1m multiplied by 1.5 m. In addition, when the polystyrene foam polystyrene board is laid, the polystyrene foam polystyrene board with good flexibility is selected, and the polystyrene foam polystyrene board is bonded with the polystyrene foam polystyrene board by using a polystyrene bonding material.
CPU polyurethane waterproof paint is required to be sprayed on the base surface of the heat insulation layer 4 after the paving is finished, the thickness is 1-2mm, and the purpose is to prevent the heat insulation layer 4 from being damaged and increase the waterproof performance of the structure during the construction of the mold concrete lining.
After the laying quality of the waterproof protective layer is checked, in order to enable the concrete lining to be tightly attached to the waterproof protective layer, a common concrete lining is poured by a mould building method, the concrete label is C25, the thickness is 40cm, and finally, a heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure suitable for the diversion tunnel in the high-ground-temperature area is formed.
In order to avoid the damage of the tunnel to the inner-layer composite heat insulation lining caused by the extrusion stress of the tunnel along the length direction caused by the additional temperature stress generated by ventilation construction under the condition of high temperature, expansion joints are arranged at every 50 meters, the width of each expansion joint is 3cm, and flexible compressible materials are filled in the expansion joints, such as: polyurethane sealing paste, flexible resin and the like. When the outer layer combined support in the tunnel heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure is used, the adopted construction sequence of spraying, anchoring and spraying is suitable for surrounding rocks with short self-stabilization time.
Compared with C25 common concrete, the C25 fiber concrete used for outer layer combined support has larger conductivity coefficient, and aims to reduce the temperature difference inside and outside a sprayed layer, reduce temperature stress, improve tensile strength and prevent the sprayed layer from tensile damage. The polystyrene foam polystyrene plate adopted in the inner layer composite heat insulation lining has the thickness of 10cm, and is reasonably selected by combining with economic conditions within the high-efficiency performance range obtained by finite element software simulation.
The invention can also change the fiber concrete spray layer into steel fiber concrete spray layer, and for the surrounding rock with higher hardness, the self strength of the spray layer meets the requirement, and the anchor rod can be eliminated.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a thermal-insulated high temperature resistant structure of high ground temperature diversion tunnel which characterized in that: comprises a combined supporting structure; the combined supporting structure comprises an anchor rod, a fiber concrete layer and a mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer which are sequentially laid from the hole wall to the center along the hole diameter, a composite heat-insulating lining is laid in the mesh-hanging reinforcing steel layer, and the composite heat-insulating lining comprises a heat-insulating layer, a waterproof protective layer and a molded concrete layer which are sequentially arranged.
2. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx structure, the length of each anchor rod is 3m, the diameter of each anchor rod is 25mm, and the spacing is 2m x 2 m.
3. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber concrete layer has a thickness of 10cm and a impermeability rating of at least W8.
4. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the steel bar of the mesh hanging steel bar layer is 8mm, and the mesh interval is 200mm x 200 mm.
5. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat insulation layer is formed by laying polystyrene foam polystyrene boards with the thickness of 10 cm.
6. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waterproof protective layer is a CPU polyurethane waterproof coating layer, and the thickness of the waterproof protective layer is 1-2 mm.
7. The high-geothermal diversion tunnel heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thickness of the molded concrete layer is 40 cm.
8. A construction method of a heat-insulating high-temperature-resistant structure of a high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one; checking the size of the opened section, cleaning the sprayed section, spraying 5cm thick fiber concrete for the first time, adding a high-efficiency setting accelerator, drilling holes, washing with cold water, applying a cement explosive roll anchor rod as an anchor rod immediately, laying a steel bar net layer, cleaning dust and spraying 5cm thick fiber concrete again;
step two; laying a heat insulation layer, prefabricating a polystyrene foam polystyrene board outside the hole according to the size of the cavity, and bonding the boards by using a polystyrene bonding material;
step three; spraying a CPU polyurethane waterproof coating on the base surface of the laid heat insulation layer, wherein the thickness of the CPU polyurethane waterproof coating is 1-2 mm;
step four; after the laying quality of the waterproof protective layer is checked, pouring a common concrete lining by adopting a molding method, wherein the concrete is marked as C25 and the thickness is 40 cm;
step five; expansion joints are arranged every 50 meters, the width of each joint is 3cm, and the joints are filled with flexible and compressible materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010122438.2A CN111173543A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure of high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and construction method thereof |
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| CN202010122438.2A CN111173543A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Heat-insulation high-temperature-resistant structure of high-ground-temperature diversion tunnel and construction method thereof |
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| CN101985882A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2011-03-16 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Construction method of rigid primary support of mould-building concrete of plateau permafrost tunnel |
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| CN102230385A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-02 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Heat-resistant lining structure of tunnel with high ground temperature |
| CN202073573U (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-12-14 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | High-ground-temperature heat-resistant and heat-proof tunnel lining structure |
| CN104695980A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-10 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Hydropower diversion tunnel lining structure applied to rock burst regions with high burial depth, high ground temperature and high ground stress |
| CN204511468U (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-07-29 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of High-geotemperature tunnel heat insulation and dissipation liner structure |
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-
2020
- 2020-02-27 CN CN202010122438.2A patent/CN111173543A/en active Pending
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