CN111167301A - System for handle dusty tail gas - Google Patents

System for handle dusty tail gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111167301A
CN111167301A CN202010081739.5A CN202010081739A CN111167301A CN 111167301 A CN111167301 A CN 111167301A CN 202010081739 A CN202010081739 A CN 202010081739A CN 111167301 A CN111167301 A CN 111167301A
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dust
liquid
gas
section
slurry
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刘见华
万烨
赵雄
赵宇
严大洲
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CHINA SILICON Corp Ltd
China ENFI Engineering Corp
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CHINA SILICON Corp Ltd
China ENFI Engineering Corp
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Priority to CN202010081739.5A priority Critical patent/CN111167301A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/12—Washers with plural different washing sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/40—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for treating dust-containing tail gas, which comprises: a combustion-dust removal-collection apparatus comprising: the combustion section is provided with a dust-containing tail gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet and a heat source; the dust removal section is connected with the combustion section and is provided with an annular pipe, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe; the dust collection section is connected with the dust collection section and is provided with a filler, a liquid atomizer and a gas outlet after dust collection, the liquid atomizer is positioned above the filler, and the gas outlet after dust collection is positioned above the liquid atomizer; the slurry outlet is connected with the dust removal section and the dust collection section; the pH adjusting device is provided with a slurry inlet, a slurry outlet after slurry mixing, a pH regulator inlet and a pH detector, and the slurry outlet extends to the position below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device; the liquid-solid separation device is provided with a filter element, a slurry inlet after slurry mixing, a slurry outlet after slurry mixing and a filtered liquid outlet, and the filtered liquid outlet is connected with the ring pipe and the liquid atomizer; the gas purification device is provided with an adsorption layer, a gas inlet after dust collection and a gas outlet after purification.

Description

System for handle dusty tail gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tail gas treatment, and particularly relates to a system for treating dust-containing tail gas.
Background
In the manufacture of integrated circuits and LED panels, various silicon-containing materials are used in chemical vapor deposition, such as trichlorosilane, dichlorosilane, silane, disilane, tetraethoxysilane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, polysilazane, tetramethylsilane, trimethylsilane, etc.; in the manufacturing process of the optical fiber preform, the main raw material used for vapor deposition is silicon tetrachloride, and the gases are discharged in the form of tail gas after participating in the reaction, and meanwhile, the gases also generate tail gas in the filling and replacing processes. The toxic and harmful gases serving as the process raw materials or the reaction byproducts have the characteristics of corrosivity, toxicity, flammability, explosiveness and the like, are required to be treated and discharged after reaching the standard, and the situations of safety accidents, environmental pollution and the like are avoided.
Integrated circuit, LED panel and optical fiber manufacturing enterprises mainly adopt the mode of heat treatment to carry out combustion treatment on tail gas, and the heat treatment is in the forms of electric heating or combustion and the like. When silicon-containing gas is treated, acid gases such as silicon dioxide and hydrogen chloride are generated after combustion, and the generated solid waste and tail gas need to be treated, otherwise, environmental pollution is caused. In the prior art, water leaching or bag type dust collection is adopted for treatment; there are also a few methods for treating exhaust gas by using dry adsorption and catalyst oxidation, i.e. treating exhaust gas by using adsorbent or catalyst for adsorption or catalytic conversion, but because the cost of the adsorption medium and catalyst is high and the method faces the problem of waste treatment, the methods are used less; the plasma tail gas processor uses electric energy to activate and decompose related tail gas at high temperature, has small treatment capacity, and also needs matched dust collection and tail gas treatment facilities.
That is, in the conventional exhaust gas treatment method, the method of treating exhaust gas by dry adsorption and catalytic oxidation is used in a small amount because the cost of the adsorbent and the catalyst is high, and the method faces the problem of waste treatment and the amount of the waste treatment is small. The plasma tail gas processor uses electric energy to activate and decompose related tail gas at high temperature, but the processing amount is small, and meanwhile, dust collection and tail gas processing facilities are also matched, so that the application range is small. Therefore, silicon-based tail gas is treated by adopting a mode of combining combustion with water leaching or bag type dust collection at present.
The silicon dioxide dust generated in the process of treating the silicon-containing tail gas is very easy to generate dust condensation to block pipelines or equipment due to fine particles, so that the equipment cannot normally operate, and the operation of a main system is further influenced. In order to solve the problem, a scraper is arranged inside the combustion cylinder body, and silicon dioxide deposited on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder body is mechanically removed. This scheme has two problems, and first, transmission part mechanical seal reveals easily, especially when handling inflammable and explosive gases such as silane, and danger is high, and second, scraper itself also can deposit silica granule, and the system need be shut down and clear up, influences the production system and moves.
When water is adopted for leaching, if the leaching water is not uniformly distributed, liquid dead zones may exist in partial areas, so that the dust collecting effect is poor, and fine particles are discharged into the atmosphere to cause environmental pollution; meanwhile, acid wastewater can be generated by collecting hydrogen chloride and the like in tail gas, environmental pollution can be caused by discharging without effective treatment, and the leaching effect is poor and the consumption is high by using neutral circulating water. In order to reduce the operation cost, a scheme of recycling the leaching water is adopted, but the leaching water contains a large amount of solid silicon dioxide, the particles are extremely fine and are micron-sized, and the particles are not easy to filter only through a simple filter screen, so that the fine silicon dioxide enters a spraying system to cause blockage. Meanwhile, the leaching water is acidic wastewater, has corrosiveness and has certain requirements on the material of the filter screen. Solid particles gathered in the discharged washing water are not separated, so that subsequent pipelines and facilities are easily blocked.
After the tail gas is combusted, when the dust is collected in a bag type dust collection mode, the cost of replacing a cloth bag is high, when the water content or the oil content in the tail gas is high, the bag is easy to stick, and finally the system cannot normally operate. And when the multi-cloth-bag arrangement is adopted, if the individual cloth bag breaks an ancient egg-shaped, holed wind instrument, the time for breaking the bag is determined to be long.
Therefore, the existing technologies for treating tail gas need to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to propose a system for treating a dust-laden tail gas. By adopting the system, the efficiency of treating the dust-containing tail gas can be obviously improved, dust and harmful gas in the dust-containing tail gas can be efficiently collected, solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent system, clean emission of the tail gas is realized, the phenomenon that the machine is required to be stopped for maintenance in the operation process can be avoided, the liquid is recycled, and the consumption of new water and alkali liquor or acid liquor is obviously reduced.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas, wherein the dust-containing tail gas contains dust and harmful gas and/or contains dust and harmful gas after combustion, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system comprises:
a combustion-dust removal-dust collection apparatus, said combustion-dust removal-dust collection apparatus comprising:
a combustion section having a dusty tail gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, and a heat source;
the dust removal section is connected with the combustion section and is provided with an annular pipe, the annular pipe is arranged on the dust removal section provided with the annular pipe and is positioned on the cross section of the dust removal section, the outer wall of the annular pipe is spaced from the inner wall of the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe;
the dust collection section is connected with the dust removal section, the dust collection section is provided with a filler, a liquid atomizer and a gas outlet after dust collection, the liquid atomizer is positioned above the filler, and the gas outlet after dust collection is positioned above the liquid atomizer;
the slurry outlet is positioned between the dust removing section and the dust collecting section, is connected with the dust removing section and the dust collecting section, and is suitable for discharging the slurry in the dust removing section and the dust collecting section;
the pH adjusting device is provided with a slurry inlet, a slurry outlet after slurry mixing and a pH adjusting agent inlet, a pH detector is arranged in the pH adjusting device, the slurry inlet is connected with the slurry outlet, and the slurry outlet extends to a position below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device to form a liquid seal;
the liquid-solid separation device is provided with a filter element, a slurry inlet after size mixing, a slag slurry outlet and a filtered liquid outlet, the slurry inlet after size mixing is connected with the slurry outlet after size mixing, and the filtered liquid outlet is connected with the ring pipe and the liquid atomizer through pipelines;
the gas purification device is provided with an adsorption layer, and is provided with a dust-collecting gas inlet and a purified gas outlet, wherein the adsorption layer is positioned in the middle of the gas purification device, the dust-collecting gas inlet is positioned at the bottom of the gas purification device and is connected with the dust-collecting gas outlet, and the purified gas outlet is positioned at the top of the gas purification device.
According to the system for treating the dust-containing tail gas, in the combustion-dust removal-dust collection device, the dust-containing tail gas can be fully combusted under the action of a heat source and combustion-supporting gas to obtain dust and harmful gas; the dust removal section is internally provided with an annular pipe, the outer wall of the annular pipe is close to the inner wall of the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe; when gas is introduced into the annular pipe, the gas can flow out through the holes, and a uniform gas film is formed on the inner wall of the dust removal section, so that liquid and/or adhered dust on the inner wall of the dust removal section is blown off, namely, the annular pipe is arranged in the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly arranged on the annular pipe along the circumferential direction, so that liquid phase dust removal and/or gas phase dust removal in the dust removal section can be realized, the problems of dust deposition, poor sealing and the like are avoided, the phenomenon of needing to be stopped for cleaning is avoided, and the operation period of equipment is favorably prolonged; after dust removal of the dust removal section, dust with larger particle size is discharged from the slurry outlet along with a liquid film and/or an air film, dust with smaller particle size is conveyed to the dust collection section along with air flow, meanwhile, collected harmful gas is also discharged from the slurry outlet, and the gas which is not collected is conveyed to the dust collection section along with the air flow. Through setting up filler and liquid atomizer in the section of gathering dust, the surface of filler is favorable to the tiny particle dust to fall, and liquid atomizer is through atomizing liquid, be favorable to improving the surface area of liquid granule, and then improve the area of contact between liquid granule and the tiny particle dust, improve the effect of gathering dust, and simultaneously, also be favorable to increasing the area of contact of liquid granule and gas, and then improve harmful gas's in the air current yield, further reduce the harmful gas's in the gaseous content after gathering dust from the section of gathering dust exhaust, and the dust of the section of gathering dust recovery and the harmful gas who dissolves in liquid can be discharged from the thick liquid export along with the liquid stream. The slurry discharged from the slurry outlet and coming from the dust removal section and the dust collection section is conveyed to the pH adjusting device, the pH detector is arranged in the device, the pH value of the current slurry can be known in real time, when the pH value of the slurry is not beneficial to collecting harmful gas, acid liquor or alkali liquor can be added in time, so that the pH value of the slurry in the whole treatment process is guaranteed to be beneficial to collecting the harmful gas, the trapping of the harmful gas is improved, the content of the harmful gas in the gas after dust collection is reduced, and the slurry outlet is stretched below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device to form liquid seal, the leakage of the harmful gas can be prevented, and the pollution to the environment is avoided. After the slurry after size mixing is sent to the liquid-solid separation device, under the action of the filter element, solid particles in the slurry are separated on the outer wall of the filter element, the solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent process, the obtained filtered liquid can be sent to an annular pipe and a liquid atomizer to be used as leacheate of a dust removal section and a dust collection section respectively, the recycling of the liquid is realized, and the supplement amount of fresh water and the consumption amount of alkali liquor or acid liquor are reduced. The gas discharged from the dust collecting section after dust collection can be absorbed by the absorption layer in the gas purification device, and the harmful gas which is not absorbed in the dust collecting section and the dust collecting section can be thoroughly absorbed, so that the purified gas meets the national and regional emission standards, and the clean emission of tail gas is realized. Therefore, the system can be used for remarkably improving the efficiency of treating the dust-containing tail gas, so that dust and harmful gas in the dust-containing tail gas can be efficiently collected, solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent system, clean emission of the tail gas is realized, the phenomenon of shutdown and maintenance in the operation process can be avoided, liquid recycling is realized, and the consumption of new water, alkali liquor or acid liquor is remarkably reduced.
In addition, the system for treating the dust-containing tail gas according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the heat source provides heat for an electrically heated rod or a gas-fired combustion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outer wall of the combustion section is provided with cooling means.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cooling device is a heat exchange jacket or an external companion pipe.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of said collars, preferably 3, are included.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of the collars are equally spaced in a height direction.
In some embodiments of the invention, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the loop and the inner wall of the dust removal section is 10-20% of the distance between the inner wall of the dust removal section and the central axis of the loop.
In some embodiments of the invention, there are no less than 3 of said holes in each of said collars.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the holes is 1-10mm, preferably 4 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the angle between the plane of the holes and the inner wall surface of the dust removing section is 30-70 degrees, preferably 45 degrees.
In some embodiments of the invention, the filler is at least one of a pall ring and a wire mesh.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the filler is at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal, ceramic, and tetrafluoroethylene.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific surface area of the mesh is 100 to 500m2/m3Preferably 200m2/m3。
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of the filler is 10-30cm, preferably 15 cm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distance of the liquid atomizer from the packing in the height direction is 30-200 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of said packing and a plurality of said liquid atomizers in accordance with the amount of said packing are included.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pH adjusting device includes a slurry collecting tank and a pH adjusting agent containing tank, the slurry inlet, the post-slurry outlet, the pH adjusting agent inlet and the pH detecting instrument are located in the slurry collecting tank, the pH adjusting agent containing tank and the pH adjusting agent inlet are connected by a pump, and the pH detecting instrument is connected to the pump.
In some embodiments of the invention, the filtered liquid outlet is connected to the liquid-solid separation device.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of said liquid-solid separation devices, preferably 2, are included.
In some embodiments of the invention, the filtered liquid outlet of each of the liquid-solid separation devices is connected to at least one other of the liquid-solid separation devices.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid-solid separation device includes a plurality of the filter elements, and the liquid-solid separation device includes a filter element distributor, and the plurality of the filter elements are detachably connected to the filter element distributor.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of the filter elements are evenly distributed on the filter element distributor.
In some embodiments of the invention, the filter element has a filtration accuracy of no less than 0.1 μm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first solenoid valve is disposed on the pipeline connecting the filtered liquid outlet and the loop pipe.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a second solenoid valve is disposed on a pipe connecting the filtered liquid outlet and the liquid atomizer.
In some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of said gas cleaning devices is included.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the purified gas outlet of each of the gas purification apparatuses is connected to the post-dust collection gas inlet of another of the gas purification apparatuses.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pressure of the liquid or gas passed into the loop is 2-6bar, preferably 4 bar.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-laden tail gas according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for treating a dust-containing tail gas, which comprises, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1: a combustion-dust removal-dust collection apparatus 100, a pH adjusting apparatus 200, a liquid-solid separation apparatus 300, and a gas purification apparatus 400.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the combustion-dust-removal-dust-collection apparatus 100 includes: a combustion section 110, a dust removal section 120, a dust collection section 130 and a slurry outlet 101.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the combustion section 110 has a dust-laden tail gas inlet 111, an oxidant gas inlet 112 and a heat source 113 and is adapted to remove dust under the influence of the heat source and the oxidant gasAnd (4) burning tail gas. The inventor finds that the dust-containing tail gas can be fully combusted under the action of a heat source and combustion-supporting gas to obtain dust and harmful gas. It should be noted that the dust-containing tail gas referred to in the present application refers to a dust-containing tail gas containing dust and harmful gas and/or containing dust and harmful gas after combustion, wherein the specific type of the harmful gas may be acid gas HF, HCl, HNO3、H2SO4And H3PO4Etc. basic gas NH3Etc. toxic corrosive gas B2H4、P2O5、BF3And organic solvent tail gas such as benzene, toluene, chloroform, xylene, etc. Further, the specific form of the heat source for the dust-containing tail gas is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the heat source according to actual needs, for example, heat can be supplied by an electric heating rod or directly supplied by combustion of combustible gas in the combustion section. Further, the specific temperature provided by the heat source is not particularly limited, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the treated dust-containing tail gas. Further, in order to avoid the temperature of the outer wall of the combustion section from being too high, a cooling device may be arranged on the outer wall of the combustion section, but the specific type of the cooling device is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art may select the cooling device according to actual needs, such as a heat exchange jacket or an outer accompanying pipe. Similarly, the specific control value of the outer wall temperature of the combustion section is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to the material of the combustion section or the environment in which the combustion section is located. Furthermore, the material of the inner wall of the combustion section is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the temperature of the dust-containing tail gas during combustion, so that the material of the inner wall of the combustion section is suitable for the combustion of the treated dust-containing tail gas.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the dust removing section 120 is connected to the combustion section 110, and the dust removing section 120 is provided with a circular pipe 121, wherein the circular pipe 121 is located on the cross-section of the dust removing section 120, i.e., the plane of the circular pipe 121 is perpendicular to the dust removing section 120, and the outer wall of the circular pipe 121 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the dust removing section 120, and a plurality of holes (not shown) facing the inner wall of the dust removing section 120 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the circular pipe 121, and are adapted to pass liquid and/or gas to the dust removing section through the holes provided on the circular pipe and the circular pipe. The inventor finds that the dust removal section is internally provided with an annular pipe, the outer wall of the annular pipe is close to the inner wall of the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe, when liquid is introduced into the annular pipe, the liquid can flow out through the holes, a uniform liquid film is formed on the inner wall of the dust removal section, the inner wall of the dust removal section can be cleaned by the liquid film, dust attached to the inner wall of the dust removal section is washed and shed, meanwhile, the liquid film can collect gas which can be dissolved in the liquid film in harmful gas, and the content of the harmful gas; when gas is introduced into the annular pipe, the gas can flow out through the holes, and a uniform gas film is formed on the inner wall of the dust removal section, so that liquid and/or adhered dust on the inner wall of the dust removal section is blown off, namely, the annular pipe is arranged in the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly arranged on the annular pipe along the circumferential direction, so that liquid phase dust removal and/or gas phase dust removal in the dust removal section can be realized, the problems of dust deposition, poor sealing and the like are avoided, the phenomenon of needing to be stopped for cleaning is avoided, and the operation period of equipment is favorably prolonged; after dust removal of the dust removal section, dust with larger particle size is discharged from the slurry outlet along with a liquid film and/or an air film, dust with smaller particle size is conveyed to the dust collection section along with air flow, meanwhile, collected harmful gas is also discharged from the slurry outlet, and the gas which is not collected is conveyed to the dust collection section along with the air flow.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the dust removal section 120 may comprise a plurality of loops 121, preferably 3. The inventor finds that the dust removal section can be improved and the collecting effect on harmful gas can be improved by arranging a plurality of ring pipes in the dust removal section, the dust adhered to the inner wall of the dust removal section can be avoided, and the harmful gas can be collected as much as possible. Furthermore, when the dedusting section is provided with a plurality of ring pipes, as the ring pipes can be provided with air-permeable bodies and can also be provided with liquid, in the operation process, whether each ring pipe is opened at the same time, when each ring pipe is opened, and whether each ring pipe air-permeable body is liquid or not are not particularly limited, and the technicians in the field can select the ring pipes according to the actual working conditions, for example, the plurality of ring pipes can be opened sequentially from top to bottom, and the next ring pipe is opened after the previous ring pipe is closed; the gas phase dust removal and the liquid phase dust removal can be operated continuously or independently and intermittently according to the requirement, for example, liquid can be introduced into each ring pipe firstly, then the gas is introduced into the ring pipe in sequence, and the liquid and the gas can also be introduced into the ring pipe in a crossed manner. Therefore, the dust removal effect of the dust removal section can be further improved, and the dust can be completely conveyed to the next procedure. Further, when the dust-removing section comprises a plurality of loops, the distribution of the plurality of loops in the dust-removing section is not particularly limited, for example, the plurality of loops may be equally spaced in the height direction. Therefore, even if the pressure of the liquid or gas sent to each loop pipe is consistent, the dust can be well removed and the harmful gas can be well collected. Furthermore, when the ring pipe needs to be ventilated, the ring pipe can be connected with an external air source. The specific type of the gas source is also not particularly limited, and may be air or nitrogen, for example. Furthermore, in the horizontal direction, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the circular pipe and the inner wall of the dust removal section is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art can select the shortest distance according to the pressure of the gas flow or the liquid flow to the circular pipe, so long as the gas flow can cover the whole inner wall of the dust removal section after being jetted from the holes and can sweep the inner wall of the dust removal section, or the liquid flow can cover the whole inner wall of the dust removal section after being jetted from the holes and can remove dust adhered to the inner wall of the dust removal section. Specifically, in the horizontal direction, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the loop and the inner wall of the dust removal section may be 10-20% of the distance between the inner wall of the dust removal section and the central axis of the loop. The inventor finds that if the shortest distance between the outer wall of the ring pipe and the inner wall of the dust removal section is too small, the distance between the holes in the ring pipe and the inner wall of the dust removal section is too close, so that the contact area between the gas or liquid sprayed from the holes of the ring pipe and the inner wall of the dust remover is too small, the coverage area of the gas flow or liquid flow is small, and the condition that the gas flow or liquid flow cannot be effectively covered in part of the inner wall of the dust remover. If the shortest distance between the outer wall of the ring pipe and the inner wall of the dust removal section is too large, the distance between the holes in the ring pipe and the inner wall of the dust removal section is too far, so that the strength of the air flow or liquid flow sprayed from the holes of the ring pipe when reaching the inner wall of the dust remover is reduced, and dust with strong adhesion cannot be effectively removed.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the number, diameter and opening direction of the holes on the ring pipe are not particularly limited, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs, for example, each ring pipe can be provided with not less than 3 holes, the diameter of the holes can be 1-10mm, preferably 4mm, and the included angle between the plane of the holes and the inner wall surface of the dust removing section can be 30-70 degrees, preferably 45 degrees. The inventor finds that if the number of the holes is too small, the generated air flow or liquid flow cannot completely cover the inner wall of the dust removal section, and the dust cannot be effectively removed; if the number of the holes is too large, on one hand, the gas flow or the liquid flow is unevenly distributed at each hole after entering the ring pipe, the gas flow or the liquid flow of the hole close to the inlet of the ring pipe is large, the gas flow or the liquid flow of the hole far away from the inlet of the ring pipe is small, and the gas flow or the liquid flow of the hole is small, so that the spraying force of the gas flow or the liquid flow is small, and the dust removal effect on the inner wall of the dust removal section is poor; on the other hand, under the condition of certain gas flow and liquid flow, if the number of the holes is too large, the average gas flow or liquid flow sent to each hole is small, so that the jetting force of the gas flow or liquid flow is small, and the dust removal effect on the inner wall of the dust removal section is poor. If the diameter of the hole is too small, the flow of the air flow or the liquid ejected from the hole is small, so that the coverage of the air flow or the liquid flow is small, and the problem that the inner wall of the dust removing section cannot be completely covered possibly exists; if the diameter of the hole is too large, the strength of the airflow or liquid flow ejected from the hole is small, and the dust removal effect on the inner wall of the dust removal section is poor. If the included angle between the plane of the hole and the inner wall surface of the dust removing section is too small, the covering surface of the ejected air flow or liquid flow on the inner wall of the dust removing section is small, and further the problem that the air flow or liquid flow cannot completely cover the inner wall of the dust removing section can occur; if the included angle between the plane of the hole and the inner wall surface of the dust removal section is too large, the ejected air flow or liquid flow cannot cover the area corresponding to the ring pipe, and the inner wall of the dust removal section cannot be removed.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the pressure of the liquid or gas introduced into the loop is not particularly restricted and can be chosen by the person skilled in the art according to the actual requirements, for example it can be between 2 and 6bar, preferably 4 bar. The inventor finds that when the pressure is lower, the jet force of the air flow or the liquid flow is small, the dust removal effect on the inner wall of the dust remover is poor, the moderate pressure can meet the use requirement, the pressure is too high, the requirements on matched pipelines, valves and equipment are improved, the operating cost is increased, and the economical efficiency is poor.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the dust collecting section 130 is connected with the dust removing section 120, the dust collecting section 130 is provided with a filler 131, a liquid atomizer 132 and a post-dust collecting gas outlet 133, the liquid atomizer 132 is positioned above the filler 131, and the post-dust collecting gas outlet 133 is positioned above the liquid atomizer 132 and is adapted to collect dust and harmful gas in the post-dust collecting gas flow. The inventor finds that by arranging the filler and the liquid atomizer in the dust collection section, the surface of the filler is favorable for small-particle dust to fall, and the liquid atomizer atomizes the liquid, so that the surface area of liquid particles is favorable for improving, the contact area between the liquid particles and the small-particle dust is further improved, the dust collection effect is improved, meanwhile, the contact area between the liquid particles and gas is also favorable for increasing, the yield of harmful gas in airflow is further improved, the content of harmful gas in the dust-collected gas discharged from the dust collection section is further reduced, and the dust recovered from the dust collection section and the harmful gas dissolved in the liquid can be discharged from a slurry outlet along with liquid flow.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific type and material of the filler are not particularly limited, for example, the filler may be at least one of pall rings and wire mesh, and the material of the filler may be at least one selected from the group consisting of metal, ceramic, and tetrafluoroethylene. The inventor finds that the filler has a large surface area and is beneficial to improving the dust collecting effect of the dust collecting section. Further, when the filler contains a silk screen, the specific surface area of the silk screen can be 100-500m2/m3Preferably 200m2/m3. The inventor finds that if the specific surface area of the filler is too low, the contact area provided by the filler is small, the liquid-solid contact area is limited, and the solid particles cannot be effectively supplemented; if the specific surface area of the filler is too high, gas passing through the filler has too large resistance, so that gas flow in the equipment is not smooth, particles are easy to aggregate, and blockage is caused. Further, the height of the filler is also not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 10 to 30cm, preferably 15 cm. The inventor finds that if the height of the filler is too low, the contact area provided by the filler is small, the liquid-solid contact is limited, and the solid particles cannot be effectively complemented; if the height of the filler is too high, the resistance of gas passing through is too large, so that the gas flow in the equipment is not smooth, and particle aggregation is easily causedAnd clogging is generated.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the distance and relative position of the liquid atomizer to the packing are not particularly limited, and the liquid atomizer may be located right above the center of the packing and 30 to 200mm from the packing in the height direction. The inventors have found that if the distance between the liquid atomizer and the filler is too small, the area covered by the droplets ejected from the liquid atomizer is small, and the filler cannot be completely covered, and that the area not covered by the droplets is not covered with liquid or less liquid, so that liquid-solid exchange is incomplete, and the solid particles cannot be effectively collected. And if the distance between the liquid atomizer and the filler is too large, part of fog drops sprayed by the liquid atomizer can be sprayed on the inner wall of the equipment and flow downwards along the inner wall of the equipment, and when the liquid flow sent to the liquid atomizer is fixed, the liquid sprayed right above the filler is relatively reduced, so that liquid-solid exchange is incomplete, and effective supplement and collection can not be carried out on solid particles. Further, the number of the packing and the liquid atomizer in the dust collecting section is also not particularly limited, and for example, a plurality of packings and a plurality of liquid atomizers in accordance with the number of the packings may be included. It is noted that when there are a plurality of packings and a plurality of liquid atomizers, the liquid atomizers are located between the two packings in the height direction. Therefore, the dust collecting effect and efficiency of the dust collecting section are improved.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the slurry outlet 101 is located between and connected to the dust removal section 120 and the dust collection section 130 and is adapted to discharge slurry from the dust removal section and the dust collection section.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the pH adjusting device 200 is provided with a slurry inlet 201, a slurry outlet 202 after slurry mixing and a pH adjusting agent inlet 203, a pH detector 21 is arranged in the pH adjusting device 200, the slurry inlet 201 is connected with the slurry outlet 101, and the slurry outlet 101 extends to the position below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device 200 to form a liquid seal and is suitable for storing the slurry and adjusting the pH value of the slurry when needed. The inventor discovers that the slurry discharged from a slurry outlet and coming from a dust removal section and a dust collection section is sent to a pH adjusting device, a pH detector is arranged in the device, the pH value of the current slurry can be known in real time, when the pH value of the slurry is not beneficial to collecting harmful gas, acid liquor or alkali liquor can be added timely, so that the pH value of the slurry in the whole treatment process is guaranteed to be beneficial to collecting the harmful gas, the collection of the harmful gas is further facilitated, the content of the harmful gas in the gas after dust collection is reduced, and the slurry outlet is stretched into the liquid level of the pH adjusting device to form liquid seal, so that the leakage of the harmful gas can be prevented, and the pollution to the environment is avoided.
It should be noted that, the specific manner of adjusting the pH value in the pH adjusting device is not particularly limited, for example, the pH adjusting device may be manually controlled to add acid solution or alkali solution; the adjustment can also be performed in an automatic control manner, for example, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the pH adjusting apparatus 200 includes a slurry collecting tank 210 and a pH adjusting agent containing tank 220, the slurry inlet 201, the slurry outlet 202 after slurry mixing, the pH adjusting agent inlet 203 and the pH detecting instrument 21 are located in the slurry collecting tank 210, the pH adjusting agent inlet 203 and the pH adjusting agent containing tank 220 are connected by the pump 22, and the pH detecting instrument 21 is connected to the pump 22. The inventor finds that when the pH value of the slurry is not beneficial to collecting harmful gas, namely the pH value of the slurry is larger than the upper limit of the required pH value of the slurry or smaller than the lower limit of the required pH value of the slurry, the pH detector transmits a signal to the pump, the pump connected with the pH detector is automatically started, and acid liquor or alkali liquor is conveyed into the slurry collecting tank until the pH value of the slurry returns to the set range.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid-solid separation device 300 is provided with a filter element 31, a slurry inlet 301 after slurry mixing, a slurry outlet 302 and a filtered liquid outlet 303, the slurry inlet 301 after slurry mixing is connected with the slurry outlet 202 after slurry mixing, and the filtered liquid outlet 303 is connected with the loop pipe 121 and the liquid atomizer 132 through a pipeline and is adapted to perform liquid-solid separation on the slurry after slurry mixing so as to obtain a filtered liquid and a slurry residue. The inventor finds that after slurry is sent to the liquid-solid separation device after size mixing, under the action of the filter element, solid particles in the slurry are separated on the outer wall of the filter element, the solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent process, and the obtained filtered slurry can be sent to a circular pipe and a liquid atomizer to be used as leacheate of a dust removal section and a dust collection section respectively, so that the recycling of the liquid is realized, and the supplement amount of new water and the consumption amount of alkali liquor or acid liquor are reduced.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, the filtered liquid outlet 303 may be connected to a liquid-solid separation device 300. The inventor finds that when the dust attached to the outer wall of the filter element reaches a certain thickness, the running resistance of the liquid-solid separation device is obviously increased, and the obtained filtered liquid can be returned to the liquid-solid separation device before the running resistance is increased, so that the dust on the outer wall of the filter element is washed away and discharged from the slag slurry outlet, and the smooth running of the liquid-solid separation device is ensured. Further, a plurality of liquid-solid separation devices, preferably 2, may be provided. Therefore, the efficiency of liquid-solid separation of the system is improved. Further, referring to fig. 4, the filtered liquid outlet 303 of each liquid-solid separation device 300 may be connected to at least another liquid-solid separation device 300 and adapted to send the filtered liquid of one liquid-solid separation device to another liquid-solid separation device. The inventor finds that the filtered liquid outlet of each liquid-solid separation device is connected with at least one other liquid-solid separation device, so that each liquid-solid separation device can be used in turn in the liquid-solid separation process, when the running resistance of the filter element in one liquid-solid separation device is remarkably increased due to the thickness of dust attached to the outer wall of the filter element, the liquid-solid separation device can be stopped, the other liquid-solid separation device is started, the filtered liquid obtained by the liquid-solid separation device which is started later can be sent to the previous liquid-solid separation device, so that the filter element in the previous liquid-solid separation device is washed, the dust attached to the outer wall of the filter element is washed downwards, the liquid-solid separation process is always operated, and the filtered liquid can be recycled.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, a plurality of filter cartridges 31 are included in the liquid-solid separation device 300, and a filter cartridge distributor 32 is disposed in the liquid-solid separation device 300, and the plurality of filter cartridges 31 are detachably connected to the filter cartridge distributor 32, such as by screwing. Therefore, the filter element is convenient to disassemble and maintain. Furthermore, the arrangement mode of the filter elements on the filter element distributor is not particularly limited, and a plurality of filter elements can be uniformly distributed on the filter element distributor, so that the filtered dust is uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the filter element. Further, the filtering precision of the filter element is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select the filter element according to the particle size of the dust, for example, the filtering precision of the filter element can meet the requirement of filtering the dust with the minimum particle size contained in the slurry after size mixing, and specifically, the filtering precision can be not less than 0.1 μm.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, a first solenoid valve 11 is provided on the line connecting the filtered liquid outlet 303 and the loop 121, and is adapted to control whether to introduce liquid or gas into the loop; the second solenoid valve 12 is disposed on the pipeline connecting the filtered liquid outlet 303 and the liquid atomizer 132, and is adapted to control whether to introduce liquid into the liquid atomizer. Therefore, the dust removal and collection control of the dust removal section and the dust collection section can be realized by controlling the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve, and the automation degree of the system is improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, an adsorption layer 41 is arranged in the gas purification device 400, and is provided with a post-dust collection gas inlet 401 and a purified gas outlet 402, the adsorption layer 41 is positioned in the middle of the gas purification device 400, the post-dust collection gas inlet 401 is positioned at the bottom of the gas purification device 400 and is connected with the post-dust collection gas outlet 133, and the purified gas outlet 402 is positioned at the top of the gas purification device 400 and is suitable for adsorbing and purifying post-dust collection gas so as to obtain purified gas. The inventor finds that the gas after dust collection discharged from the dust collection section can completely absorb harmful gas which is not absorbed in the dust collection section and the dust collection section after being absorbed by an absorption layer in the gas purification device, so that the purified gas meets the national and regional emission standards, and clean emission of tail gas is realized.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of gas cleaning devices may be included. Therefore, the purification efficiency of the gas after dust collection is improved. Further, referring to fig. 7, the purified gas outlet 402 of each gas purification apparatus 400 is connected to the post-dust-collection gas inlet 401 of another gas purification apparatus 400, so that the purification apparatus can perform adsorption purification on the post-dust-collection gas in parallel, and also can perform multi-stage adsorption purification on the post-dust-collection gas in series, thereby further ensuring clean emission of the purified gas. Further, the specific type of the adsorption layer is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an activated carbon or adsorption resin adsorption layer, and specifically, the activated carbon adsorption layer may be a coal or coconut shell carbon adsorption layer.
According to the system for treating the dust-containing tail gas, in the combustion-dust removal-dust collection device, the dust-containing tail gas can be fully combusted under the action of a heat source and combustion-supporting gas to obtain dust and harmful gas; the dust removal section is internally provided with an annular pipe, the outer wall of the annular pipe is close to the inner wall of the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe; when gas is introduced into the annular pipe, the gas can flow out through the holes, and a uniform gas film is formed on the inner wall of the dust removal section, so that liquid and/or adhered dust on the inner wall of the dust removal section is blown off, namely, the annular pipe is arranged in the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly arranged on the annular pipe along the circumferential direction, so that liquid phase dust removal and/or gas phase dust removal in the dust removal section can be realized, the problems of dust deposition, poor sealing and the like are avoided, the phenomenon of needing to be stopped for cleaning is avoided, and the operation period of equipment is favorably prolonged; after dust removal of the dust removal section, dust with larger particle size is discharged from the slurry outlet along with a liquid film and/or an air film, dust with smaller particle size is conveyed to the dust collection section along with air flow, meanwhile, collected harmful gas is also discharged from the slurry outlet, and the gas which is not collected is conveyed to the dust collection section along with the air flow. Through setting up filler and liquid atomizer in the section of gathering dust, the surface of filler is favorable to the tiny particle dust to fall, and liquid atomizer is through atomizing liquid, be favorable to improving the surface area of liquid granule, and then improve the area of contact between liquid granule and the tiny particle dust, improve the effect of gathering dust, and simultaneously, also be favorable to increasing the area of contact of liquid granule and gas, and then improve harmful gas's in the air current yield, further reduce the harmful gas's in the gaseous content after gathering dust from the section of gathering dust exhaust, and the dust of the section of gathering dust recovery and the harmful gas who dissolves in liquid can be discharged from the thick liquid export along with the liquid stream. The slurry discharged from the slurry outlet and coming from the dust removal section and the dust collection section is conveyed to the pH adjusting device, the pH detector is arranged in the device, the pH value of the current slurry can be known in real time, when the pH value of the slurry is not beneficial to collecting harmful gas, acid liquor or alkali liquor can be added in time, so that the pH value of the slurry in the whole treatment process is guaranteed to be beneficial to collecting the harmful gas, the trapping of the harmful gas is improved, the content of the harmful gas in the gas after dust collection is reduced, and the slurry outlet is stretched below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device to form liquid seal, the leakage of the harmful gas can be prevented, and the pollution to the environment is avoided. After the slurry after size mixing is sent to the liquid-solid separation device, under the action of the filter element, solid particles in the slurry are separated on the outer wall of the filter element, the solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent process, the obtained filtered liquid can be sent to an annular pipe and a liquid atomizer to be used as leacheate of a dust removal section and a dust collection section respectively, the recycling of the liquid is realized, and the supplement amount of fresh water and the consumption amount of alkali liquor or acid liquor are reduced. The gas discharged from the dust collecting section after dust collection can be absorbed by the absorption layer in the gas purification device, and the harmful gas which is not absorbed in the dust collecting section and the dust collecting section can be thoroughly absorbed, so that the purified gas meets the national and regional emission standards, and the clean emission of tail gas is realized. Therefore, the system can be used for remarkably improving the efficiency of treating the dust-containing tail gas, so that dust and harmful gas in the dust-containing tail gas can be efficiently collected, solid particles can be effectively taken out of the system, the solid particles are prevented from blocking a filler or entering a subsequent system, clean emission of the tail gas is realized, the phenomenon of shutdown and maintenance in the operation process can be avoided, liquid recycling is realized, and the consumption of new water, alkali liquor or acid liquor is remarkably reduced.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Examples
A system for treating tail gas containing dust, as shown in fig. 7, the tail gas containing dust is tail gas containing silicon, such as trichlorosilane, dichlorosilane, silane, disilane, tetraethoxysilane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, polysilazane, tetramethylsilane, trimethylsilane, etc., the system includes:
the combustion-dust removal-collection device 100 includes:
the combustion section 110 is provided with a dust-containing tail gas inlet 111, a combustion-supporting gas inlet 112 and a heat source electric heating rod 113, the operating temperature of the electric heating rod is 800 ℃, the inner wall of the combustion section is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, the outer wall of the combustion section is provided with a heat exchange jacket, and a heat exchange medium is water, so that the temperature of the outer wall of the combustion section is not more than 60 ℃;
the dust removal section 120, the dust removal section 120 is connected with the combustion section 110, and the dust removal section 120 is provided with 3 circular pipes 121 which are distributed at equal intervals in the height direction, on the dust removal section 120 provided with the circular pipes 121, the circular pipes 121 are positioned on the cross section of the dust removal section 120, namely, the plane where the circular pipes 121 are positioned is vertical to the dust removal section 120, in the horizontal direction, the shortest distance between the outer walls of the circular pipes 121 and the inner walls of the dust removal section 120 accounts for 15% of the distance between the inner walls of the dust removal section and the central axis of the circular pipes, the circular pipes 121 are externally connected with an air source, 4 holes (not shown) which face the inner walls of the dust removal section 120 and have the diameter of 4mm are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circular pipes;
the dust collection section 130 is connected with the dust removal section 120, the dust collection section 130 is provided with 2 packing pall rings 131 with the height of 15cm, 2 liquid atomizers 132 and a gas outlet 133 after dust collection, each packing 131 is provided with one liquid atomizer 132, the liquid atomizers 132 are positioned 200mm above the center positions of the matched packing 131, and the gas outlet 133 after dust collection is positioned above the liquid atomizers 132;
a slurry outlet 101, wherein the slurry outlet 101 is positioned between the dust removing section 120 and the dust collecting section 130 and is connected with the dust removing section 120 and the dust collecting section 130;
the pH adjusting device 200 is provided with a slurry collecting tank 210 and a pH adjusting agent containing tank 220, the slurry collecting tank 210 is provided with a slurry inlet 201, a slurry outlet 202 after slurry mixing, a pH adjusting agent inlet 203 and a pH detector 21, the slurry inlet 201 is connected with the slurry outlet 101, the slurry outlet 101 extends to the position below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device 200 to form a liquid seal, the pH adjusting agent containing tank 220 is connected with the pH adjusting agent inlet 203 through a pump 22, and the pH detector 21 is connected with the pump 22;
a liquid-solid separation device 300 having a filter element distributor 32, a plurality of filter elements 31 having a filtration accuracy of not less than 0.1 μm, a slurry inlet 301 after slurry mixing, a slurry outlet 302 and a slurry outlet 303 after slurry mixing, the slurry inlet 301 after slurry mixing being connected to the slurry outlet 202 after slurry mixing, the liquid outlet 303 after slurry mixing being connected to the loop 121 and the liquid atomizer 132 through pipes, the pipe connecting the liquid outlet 303 after filtration to the loop 121 being provided with a first solenoid valve 11, the pipe connecting the liquid outlet 303 after filtration to the liquid atomizer 132 being provided with a second solenoid valve 12, the plurality of filter elements 31 being uniformly distributed on the filter element distributor 32, the plurality of filter elements 31 being detachably connected to the filter element distributor 32 through a screw thread, including 2 liquid-solid separation devices, and the liquid outlet 303 after filtration of one liquid-solid separation device 300 being connected to another liquid-solid separation device 300;
gas purification device 400 is equipped with coal carbon adsorption layer 41, and has gas inlet 401 after gathering dust and gas outlet 402 after purifying, adsorption layer 41 is located gas purification device 400's middle part, gas inlet 401 after gathering dust is located gas purification device 400's bottom and links to each other with gas outlet 133 after gathering dust, gas outlet 402 after purifying is located gas purification device 400's top, including 2 gas purification device 400, and gas outlet 402 after purifying of one gas purification device 400 links to each other with gas inlet 401 after gathering dust of another gas purification device 400.
When the system operates, the electric heating rod is started, the temperature is raised to 800 ℃, and air is introduced into the combustion section through the combustion-supporting gas inlet to assist combustion; sending the slurry after size mixing in the pH adjusting device to a liquid-solid separation device, performing precision filtration by using a filter element, opening a second electromagnetic valve, sending the filtered liquid to a liquid atomizer, and atomizing the filtered liquid by using the liquid atomizer; and when the value of the pH detector is set to be less than 7, starting an alkali liquor pump to convey the alkali liquor in the pH regulator containing tank to the slurry collecting tank so as to regulate the pH value of the slurry. The silicon-containing tail gas enters from a dust-containing tail gas inlet of the combustion section and is combusted under the action of air and an electric heating rod to generate silicon dioxide particles, the silicon dioxide with larger particles naturally falls into a pH adjusting device, the silicon dioxide with fine particles and hydrogen chloride enter a dust collection section along with airflow from a dust removal section, contacting with filler and micron-sized atomized filtered liquid, depositing silica particles with fine particles on the surface of the filler, neutralizing hydrogen chloride gas with alkaline filtered liquid to effectively capture the silica particles and the alkaline filtered liquid, and the gas enters a pH adjusting device along with liquid flow, and extremely trace hydrogen chloride enters a gas purifying device from a gas outlet after dust collection and is physically adsorbed by a coal carbon layer to obtain purified gas, so that safe, environment-friendly and green emission is realized, and the gas purifying device can select series operation or parallel operation according to the content of the hydrogen chloride in the gas after dust collection.
Starting the first electromagnetic valves one by one from top to bottom, enabling the filtered liquid to sequentially enter the corresponding circular pipes, pressurizing the filtered liquid to 4bar by using a pump, enabling the filtered liquid to spray and clean the inner walls of the combustion sections for a preset time through holes in the lower parts of the circular pipes, leaching and falling off silicon dioxide attached to the inner walls of the combustion sections, closing the circular pipes corresponding to the first electromagnetic valves after completion, starting the second first electromagnetic valves in the lower parts of the circular pipes, and cleaning the inner walls of the combustion sections of the corresponding areas by using the circular pipes one by one in the same operation. After the operation is finished, compressed air is introduced into the ring pipe, the first electromagnetic valves are opened one by one from top to bottom, the pressure of the compressed air is 4bar, the inner wall of the combustion section is blown through the hole in the lower portion of the ring pipe, the filtered liquid and the adhered silicon dioxide remained in the inner wall of the combustion section are blown off, after the operation is finished, the first electromagnetic valve corresponding to the ring pipe is closed, the second first electromagnetic valve in the lower portion is opened, the same operation is carried out one by one, the inner wall of the combustion section in the corresponding area is blown off through the ring pipe, and the cleanness of the inner wall of the.
After the liquid-solid separation device performs solid-liquid separation, solid particles are intercepted and attached to the outer side of the filter element, when the solid particles are attached to a certain thickness, the running resistance is increased, the outlet pressure of the liquid-solid separation device is reduced, the liquid-solid separation device is switched to a second liquid-solid separation device, filtered liquid obtained by the second liquid-solid separation device returns to a part of the filtered liquid to the first liquid-solid separation device, the solid particles attached to the surface of the filter element in the first liquid-solid separation device are washed, washing slag slurry is discharged through a slag slurry outlet at the bottom of the liquid-solid separation device, the first liquid-solid separation device is cleaned, the cleaned first liquid-solid separation device is reserved, and when the second liquid-solid separation device needs to be cleaned, the liquid-solid separation device is switched according to the operation.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A system for treating a dusty tail gas, the dusty tail gas comprising dust and harmful gases and/or comprising dust and harmful gases after combustion, comprising:
a combustion-dust removal-dust collection apparatus, said combustion-dust removal-dust collection apparatus comprising:
a combustion section having a dusty tail gas inlet, a combustion-supporting gas inlet, and a heat source;
the dust removal section is connected with the combustion section and is provided with an annular pipe, the annular pipe is arranged on the dust removal section provided with the annular pipe and is positioned on the cross section of the dust removal section, the outer wall of the annular pipe is spaced from the inner wall of the dust removal section, and a plurality of holes facing the inner wall of the dust removal section are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular pipe;
the dust collection section is connected with the dust removal section, the dust collection section is provided with a filler, a liquid atomizer and a gas outlet after dust collection, the liquid atomizer is positioned above the filler, and the gas outlet after dust collection is positioned above the liquid atomizer;
the slurry outlet is positioned between the dust removing section and the dust collecting section, is connected with the dust removing section and the dust collecting section, and is suitable for discharging the slurry in the dust removing section and the dust collecting section;
the pH adjusting device is provided with a slurry inlet, a slurry outlet after slurry mixing and a pH adjusting agent inlet, a pH detector is arranged in the pH adjusting device, the slurry inlet is connected with the slurry outlet, and the slurry outlet extends to a position below the liquid level of the pH adjusting device to form a liquid seal;
the liquid-solid separation device is provided with a filter element, a slurry inlet after size mixing, a slag slurry outlet and a filtered liquid outlet, the slurry inlet after size mixing is connected with the slurry outlet after size mixing, and the filtered liquid outlet is connected with the ring pipe and the liquid atomizer through pipelines;
the gas purification device is provided with an adsorption layer, and is provided with a dust-collecting gas inlet and a purified gas outlet, wherein the adsorption layer is positioned in the middle of the gas purification device, the dust-collecting gas inlet is positioned at the bottom of the gas purification device and is connected with the dust-collecting gas outlet, and the purified gas outlet is positioned at the top of the gas purification device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the heat source provides heat for an electrically heated rod or a gas-fired combustion.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the combustion section is provided with a cooling device;
optionally, the cooling device is a heat exchange jacket or an external companion pipe.
4. A system according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of said loops, preferably 3;
optionally, a plurality of the circular pipes are distributed at equal intervals in the height direction;
optionally, in the horizontal direction, the shortest distance between the outer wall of the loop and the inner wall of the dust removal section accounts for 10-20% of the distance between the inner wall of the dust removal section and the central axis of the loop;
optionally, each ring tube is provided with not less than 3 holes;
optionally, the diameter of the holes is 1-10mm, preferably 4 mm;
optionally, the included angle between the plane of the holes and the inner wall surface of the dust removal section is 30-70 degrees, preferably 45 degrees.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the packing is at least one of a pall ring and a wire mesh;
optionally, the filler material is selected from at least one of metal, ceramic and tetrafluoroethylene;
optionally, the specific surface area of the screen is 100 to 500m2/m3Preferably 200m2/m3；
Optionally, the height of the filler is 10-30cm, preferably 15 cm;
optionally, the distance between the liquid atomizer and the filler in the height direction is 30-200 mm;
optionally, a plurality of said packing and a plurality of said liquid atomizers in accordance with the amount of said packing are included.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the pH adjusting device comprises a slurry collecting tank and a pH adjusting agent containing tank, the slurry inlet, the slurry outlet after slurry mixing, a pH adjusting agent inlet and the pH detector are positioned in the slurry collecting tank, the pH adjusting agent containing tank and the pH adjusting agent inlet are connected through a pump, and the pH detector is connected with the pump.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the filtered liquid outlet is connected to the liquid-solid separation device;
optionally, a plurality of said liquid-solid separation devices, preferably 2;
optionally, the filtered liquid outlet of each liquid-solid separation device is connected with at least one other liquid-solid separation device;
optionally, the liquid-solid separation device comprises a plurality of filter elements, a filter element distributor is arranged in the liquid-solid separation device, and the plurality of filter elements are detachably connected with the filter element distributor;
optionally, a plurality of said cartridges are uniformly distributed on said cartridge distributor;
optionally, the filter element has a filtration accuracy of not less than 0.1 μm.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein a first solenoid valve is disposed on the line connecting the filtered liquid outlet and the loop;
optionally, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting the filtered liquid outlet and the liquid atomizer.
9. The system of claim 1, comprising a plurality of said gas purification devices;
optionally, the purified gas outlet of each gas purification device is connected to the post-dust collection gas inlet of another gas purification device.
10. A system according to claim 1 or 4, the pressure of the liquid or gas passed into the loop being 2-6bar, preferably 4 bar.
CN202010081739.5A 2020-02-06 2020-02-06 System for handle dusty tail gas Pending CN111167301A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111842396A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-30 成都中住光纤有限公司 Optical fiber tail gas pumping system and optical fiber tail gas pumping method
CN117146286A (en) * 2023-10-30 2023-12-01 上海朗蔚环保科技有限公司 Silane waste gas treatment process by combustion washing method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111842396A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-30 成都中住光纤有限公司 Optical fiber tail gas pumping system and optical fiber tail gas pumping method
CN117146286A (en) * 2023-10-30 2023-12-01 上海朗蔚环保科技有限公司 Silane waste gas treatment process by combustion washing method

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