CN111165195A - Carnation seedling growing method - Google Patents
Carnation seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165195A CN111165195A CN202010113128.4A CN202010113128A CN111165195A CN 111165195 A CN111165195 A CN 111165195A CN 202010113128 A CN202010113128 A CN 202010113128A CN 111165195 A CN111165195 A CN 111165195A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carnation seedling growing method, which comprises the following steps: ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness places, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, carrying out drip irrigation to supply water and fertilizer, and ensuring that the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant does not exceed one year; ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent on the stock plant 1-2 days before ear picking; and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically placing the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 0-2 ℃; cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting slip before cutting, sticking rooting powder, keeping the plant row spacing of the cutting slip not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying pesticide for preventing diseases every 7-10 days; seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 50-100 seedlings into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag opening, folding, vertically placing into a carton, and putting into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 1-3 ℃. The rooting rate and survival rate of the carnation cuttage are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carnation, in particular to a carnation seedling culture method.
Background
Dianthus caryophyllus, also known as carnation, is a herbaceous flower of perennial root of Dianthus family. Because of the advantages of rich colors, long flowering period, beautiful fragrance, good decorative effect and the like, the flower is a basic flower material in flower decoration for a long time and is one of the most commonly used flowers at present. The carnation plays an important role in the production of fresh cut flowers in China, and the quality of the production condition directly influences the development of the flower industry in China. At present, the propagation mode of carnation mainly adopts tissue culture and cutting propagation of vegetative propagation, wherein the production cost of tissue culture seedlings is high, and abnormal seedlings often appear; the cutting seedling has low production cost, high planting flower yield and good cut flower quality, so the cutting seedling is widely applied to production. In the cuttage propagation process of the carnation, because of the influence of fungi, bacteria and temperature and humidity, root rot and stem rot of cuttings are often caused, particularly in 5-8 months with high temperature and high humidity, the root rot phenomenon is prominent, the rooting of the carnation is seriously influenced, and the cuttage seedling rate of the carnation is low. The key technology for the production of the seedlings of the carnation is to improve the cuttage rooting rate and the survival rate of the carnation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carnation seedling raising method, which improves the cuttage rooting rate and survival rate of carnation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a carnation seedling growing method comprises the steps of
(1) Ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness places, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, carrying out drip irrigation to supply water and fertilizer, and ensuring that the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant does not exceed one year;
(2) ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent on the stock plant 1-2 days before ear picking;
(3) and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically placing the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 0-2 ℃;
(4) cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting slip before cutting, sticking rooting powder, keeping the plant row spacing of the cutting slip not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying pesticide for preventing diseases every 7-10 days;
(5) seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 50-100 seedlings into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag opening, folding, vertically placing into a carton, and putting into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 1-3 ℃.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (1), the ear-picking stock plant is the original stock or the soilless culture disease-free seedling obtained from the original stock, and the ear-picking part is controlled below the 6 th node.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the rooting powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
naphthalene acetic acid: 10 parts of indolebutyric acid: 1-2 parts of myclobutanil: 80-120 parts of hymexazol: 15-30 parts of talcum powder: 6000 to 6400 parts;
the myclobutanil adopts wettable powder with the content of 40 percent;
the hymexazol is agricultural hymexazol with content of 70%.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 3-5: 1.
further, the method comprises the following steps of; in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 4: 1.
further, the method comprises the following steps of; the ear picking stock plant adopts a soilless culture mode;
(1) the medium is one or more of coconut velvet, ceramsite, perlite, peat and rice husk, and a drip irrigation belt is paved in the planting bed to supply nutrient solution;
(2) preparing a nutrient solution: preparing concentrated nutrient solution and then preparing nutrient solution by using the concentrated nutrient solution;
① preparation of concentrated nutrient solution:
the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing calcium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and EDTA iron;
solution A: firstly, warm water is used for respectively dissolving EDTA-2Na and FeSO4.7H2O, will dissolve FeSO4.7H2Slowly pouring the solution of O into the EDTA-2Na solution while stirring, and then pouring the dissolved calcium nitrate;
and B, liquid B: firstly dissolving monopotassium phosphate, sequentially dissolving potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate, dissolving boron fertilizer in hot water, adding, and then respectively dissolving the rest trace elements;
preparing nutrient solution, namely pouring the required amount of the concentrated solution A, stirring the mixture evenly, measuring the required amount of the concentrated solution B, diluting the mixture with clear water, slowly pouring the diluted mixture into a container, stirring the mixture evenly, adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.5, and measuring EC for use;
③, nutrient solution management technology, wherein a drip irrigation system is adopted to supply liquid;
(3) virus sampling
Virus detection is carried out to find and eliminate strains;
(4) pest control of scion stock
The comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests are paid attention to during the whole growing period and the ear picking period, and the prevention is mainly.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the microelements are potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the method comprises the following steps of; the soilless culture substrate adopts the crushed ceramsite and the grass carbon which are uniformly mixed according to a proportion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention improves the rooting rate and survival rate of carnation cuttage
2. The rooting powder is convenient and quick to use, and saves time and labor: the cutting powder can be directly dipped in the cutting powder without dissolving the cutting powder by alcohol and then diluting the cutting powder by water, and meanwhile, the cross infection of germs is avoided. After the rooting powder is used for carnation cutting propagation, the rooting rate and the seedling rate are high, the root rot rate is low, the rooting is neat, and the cultivation survival rate is high. The disease capability is stronger, the effect is good in the large-scale cutting seedling production of the carnation, and the effect is good in the twig cutting of various herbaceous plants and partial woody plants. The preparation method is simple to operate, low in cost and good in economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
a method for culturing seedlings of dianthus caryophyllus comprises
(1) Ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness places, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, carrying out drip irrigation to supply water and fertilizer, and ensuring that the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant does not exceed one year;
(2) ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent on the stock plant 1 day before ear picking;
(3) and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically putting the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 0 ℃;
(4) cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting before cutting, sticking rooting powder, keeping the row spacing of the cutting not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying a pesticide to prevent diseases every 7 days;
(5) seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 50 plants into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag mouth, folding, vertically placing into a carton, and putting into a refrigeration house at the refrigeration temperature of 1 ℃; the production period of the stock plant of the scion is better than 1 year, and if the production period is beyond the period, the resistance is reduced due to the aging of the plant, the quality of the cutting is reduced along with the reduction of the resistance, the root rate of the cutting is poor, the disease is easy to be induced, the quality of the stock plant of the scion, particularly the inherent quality such as the flowering effect, determines the quality of the cutting and the seedling produced by the cutting, and therefore strict selection is required; the rooting rate and survival rate of the carnation cuttage are improved.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, a carnation seedling growing method comprises the steps of
(1) Ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness land, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, drip-irrigating to supply water and fertilizer, and the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant is not more than one year;
(2) ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent on the stock plant 2 days before ear picking;
(3) and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically putting the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 2 ℃;
(4) cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting slip during cutting, adhering rooting powder, keeping the plant row spacing of the cutting slip not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying pesticide for preventing diseases every 7-10 days;
(5) seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 100 seedlings into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag mouth, folding, vertically placing the freshness protection bag into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house at the refrigeration temperature of 3 ℃; the production period of the stock plant of the scion is better than 1 year, and if the production period is beyond the period, the resistance is reduced due to the aging of the plant, the quality of the cutting is reduced along with the reduction of the resistance, the root rate of the cutting is poor, the disease is easy to be induced, the quality of the stock plant of the scion, particularly the inherent quality such as the flowering effect, determines the quality of the cutting and the seedling produced by the cutting, and therefore strict selection is required; the rooting rate and survival rate of the carnation cuttage are improved.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-2, the carnation seedling growing method comprises the following steps
(1) Ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness land, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, drip-irrigating to supply water and fertilizer, and the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant is not more than one year;
(2) ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent to the stock plant 1.5 days before ear picking;
(3) and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically putting the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 1 ℃;
(4) cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting slip during cutting, adhering rooting powder, keeping the plant row spacing of the cutting slip not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying pesticide for preventing diseases every 7-10 days;
(5) seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 75 plants into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag mouth, folding, vertically placing into a carton, and putting into a refrigeration house at the refrigeration temperature of 2 ℃; the production period of the stock plant of the scion is better than 1 year, and if the production period is beyond the period, the resistance is reduced due to the aging of the plant, the quality of the cutting is reduced along with the reduction of the resistance, the root rate of the cutting is poor, the disease is easy to be induced, the quality of the stock plant of the scion, particularly the inherent quality such as the flowering effect, determines the quality of the cutting and the seedling produced by the cutting, and therefore strict selection is required; the rooting rate and survival rate of the carnation cuttage are improved.
Example 4:
on the basis of the embodiment 1-3, in the step (1), the ear-picking stock plant is the original stock or the soilless culture disease-free seedling obtained from the stock, and the ear-picking part is controlled below the 6 th node; disease-free seedlings obtained from original seeds or original seeds, excellent plants of standard varieties with consistent genetic characters, good flowering characters, and seedlings with the ear picking parts strictly controlled below the 6 th node and growing upwards from the base parts.
Example 5:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-4, the rooting powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
naphthalene acetic acid: 10 parts of indolebutyric acid: 1.5 parts, myclobutanil: 100 parts of hymexazol: 17.5 parts, talcum powder: 6200 parts of a mixture;
the myclobutanil adopts wettable powder with the content of 40 percent;
hymexazol is agricultural streptomycin with 70% content;
firstly, preparing naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid into 1500-2000 PPM solution, then mixing myclobutanil, hymexazol and talcum powder into a carrier, then adding the mixed carrier into the solution, fully stirring, and naturally drying to obtain a rooting powder product. The carnation is easy to be damaged by fungi and bacteria to cause root rot and stem rot, especially in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons, according to the physiological characteristics of the rooting of the carnation and the species of pathogenic bacteria, the optimal plant growth regulator and the bactericide are screened out through numerous tests to prepare the combination, namely, the characteristics that the roots generated by NAA induction are few and thick, while the adventitious roots generated by IBA action are thin, long and fibrous are utilized, after the two are matched and used in proportion in the rooting powder, the grown roots are long and strong, the rooting effect is excellent, a large amount of nutrients are absorbed after planting, meanwhile, in order to keep the cutting shoots alive and rooted, the root rotting rate is reduced, the seedling rate is improved, the myclobutanil and the agricultural streptomycin for sterilization are added into the rooting powder, so that the antibacterial and disease-resistant capabilities of the cutting are enhanced, the growth of the carnation is facilitated, and the survival rate of the carnation seedlings is greatly improved. The rooting powder is convenient and quick to use, and saves time and labor: the cutting powder can be directly dipped in the cutting powder without dissolving the cutting powder by alcohol and then diluting the cutting powder by water, and meanwhile, the cross infection of germs is avoided. After the rooting powder is used for carnation cutting propagation, the rooting rate and the seedling rate are high, the root rot rate is low, the rooting is neat, and the cultivation survival rate is high. The disease capability is stronger, the effect is good in the large-scale cutting seedling production of the carnation, and the effect is good in the twig cutting of various herbaceous plants and partial woody plants. The preparation method is simple to operate, low in cost and good in economic benefit and social benefit.
Example 6:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-5, the rooting powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
naphthalene acetic acid: 10 parts of indolebutyric acid: 1 part, myclobutanil: 80 parts of hymexazol: 15 parts of talcum powder: 6000 parts of (B);
the myclobutanil adopts wettable powder with the content of 40 percent;
the hymexazol is agricultural hymexazol with content of 70%;
firstly, preparing naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid into 1500-2000 PPM solution, then mixing myclobutanil, hymexazol and talcum powder into a carrier, then adding the mixed carrier into the solution, fully stirring, and naturally drying to obtain a rooting powder product. The carnation is easy to be damaged by fungi and bacteria to cause root rot and stem rot, especially in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons, according to the physiological characteristics of the rooting of the carnation and the species of pathogenic bacteria, the optimal plant growth regulator and the bactericide are screened out through numerous tests to prepare the combination, namely, the characteristics that the roots generated by NAA induction are few and thick, while the adventitious roots generated by IBA action are thin, long and fibrous are utilized, after the two are matched and used in proportion in the rooting powder, the grown roots are long and strong, the rooting effect is excellent, a large amount of nutrients are absorbed after planting, meanwhile, in order to keep the cutting shoots alive and rooted, the root rotting rate is reduced, the seedling rate is improved, the myclobutanil and the agricultural streptomycin for sterilization are added into the rooting powder, so that the antibacterial and disease-resistant capabilities of the cutting are enhanced, the growth of the carnation is facilitated, and the survival rate of the carnation seedlings is greatly improved. The rooting powder is convenient and quick to use, and saves time and labor: the cutting powder can be directly dipped in the cutting powder without dissolving the cutting powder by alcohol and then diluting the cutting powder by water, and meanwhile, the cross infection of germs is avoided. After the rooting powder is used for carnation cutting propagation, the rooting rate and the seedling rate are high, the root rot rate is low, the rooting is neat, and the cultivation survival rate is high. The disease capability is stronger, the effect is good in the large-scale cutting seedling production of the carnation, and the effect is good in the twig cutting of various herbaceous plants and partial woody plants. The preparation method is simple to operate, low in cost and good in economic benefit and social benefit.
Example 7:
based on the embodiments 1-6, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
naphthalene acetic acid: 10 parts of indolebutyric acid: 2 parts of myclobutanil: 120 parts of hymexazol: 30 parts of talcum powder: 6400 parts of;
the myclobutanil adopts wettable powder with the content of 40 percent;
the hymexazol is agricultural hymexazol with content of 70%;
firstly, preparing naphthylacetic acid and indolebutyric acid into 1500-2000 PPM solution, then mixing myclobutanil, hymexazol and talcum powder into a carrier, then adding the mixed carrier into the solution, fully stirring, and naturally drying to obtain a rooting powder product. The carnation is easy to be damaged by fungi and bacteria to cause root rot and stem rot, especially in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons, according to the physiological characteristics of the rooting of the carnation and the species of pathogenic bacteria, the optimal plant growth regulator and the bactericide are screened out through numerous tests to prepare the combination, namely, the characteristics that the roots generated by NAA induction are few and thick, while the adventitious roots generated by IBA action are thin, long and fibrous are utilized, after the two are matched and used in proportion in the rooting powder, the grown roots are long and strong, the rooting effect is excellent, a large amount of nutrients are absorbed after planting, meanwhile, in order to keep the cutting shoots alive and rooted, the root rotting rate is reduced, the seedling rate is improved, the myclobutanil and the agricultural streptomycin for sterilization are added into the rooting powder, so that the antibacterial and disease-resistant capabilities of the cutting are enhanced, the growth of the carnation is facilitated, and the survival rate of the carnation seedlings is greatly improved. The rooting powder is convenient and quick to use, and saves time and labor: the cutting powder can be directly dipped in the cutting powder without dissolving the cutting powder by alcohol and then diluting the cutting powder by water, and meanwhile, the cross infection of germs is avoided. After the rooting powder is used for carnation cutting propagation, the rooting rate and the seedling rate are high, the root rot rate is low, the rooting is neat, and the cultivation survival rate is high. The disease capability is stronger, the effect is good in the large-scale cutting seedling production of the carnation, and the effect is good in the twig cutting of various herbaceous plants and partial woody plants. The preparation method is simple to operate, low in cost and good in economic benefit and social benefit.
Example 8:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 7, in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 3: 1; is convenient for cutting the ears and growing.
Example 9:
on the basis of the embodiments 1 to 8, in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 5: 1; is convenient for cutting the ears and growing.
Example 10:
on the basis of examples 1-9, in step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 4: 1; is convenient for cutting the ears and growing.
Example 11:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-10, the scion stock plant adopts a soilless culture mode;
(1) the medium is one or more of coconut velvet, ceramsite, perlite, peat and rice husk, and a drip irrigation belt is paved in the planting bed to supply nutrient solution;
(2) preparing a nutrient solution: preparing concentrated nutrient solution and then preparing nutrient solution by using the concentrated nutrient solution;
① preparation of concentrated nutrient solution:
the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing calcium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and EDTA iron;
solution A: firstly, warm water is used for respectively dissolving EDTA-2Na and FeSO4.7H2O, will dissolve FeSO4.7H2Slowly pouring the solution of O into the EDTA-2Na solution while stirring, and then pouring the dissolved calcium nitrate;
and B, liquid B: firstly dissolving monopotassium phosphate, sequentially dissolving potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate, dissolving boron fertilizer in hot water, adding, and then respectively dissolving the rest trace elements;
preparing nutrient solution, namely pouring the required amount of the concentrated solution A, stirring the mixture evenly, measuring the required amount of the concentrated solution B, diluting the mixture with clear water, slowly pouring the diluted mixture into a container, stirring the mixture evenly, adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.5, and measuring EC for use;
③ nutrient solution management technology adopts a drip irrigation system to supply liquid, ③ nutrient concentration can be properly lower at ③ initial stage of planting, ③ EC is 1.0ms/cm, along with ③ growth of plants, ③ EC can be improved to 1.8-2.0ms/cm, ③ pH value of ③ nutrient solution is controlled to 5.8-6.5, ③ liquid supply amount is determined according to ③ size of ③ plants and ③ weather condition, ③ liquid is supplied for 4-5 times every day, and 3-5 minutes each time;
detecting EC and PH values of irrigation water every day;
adjusting the number of irrigation times per day and the time of each irrigation according to the conditions.
frequent inspection is carried out to prevent the liquid supply from being uneven due to the blockage of the dripper.
fourthly, checking whether the tail water reaches 15 to 30 percent of the total irrigation quantity.
the substrate EC and PH values were measured weekly.
detecting EC and PH values of irrigation water and fertilizer.
And adjusting fertilizer and water irrigation according to the detection data.
(3) Virus sampling
Virus detection is carried out to find and eliminate strains; when the virus is detected, other diseases and pests should be carefully observed, once the central disease (insect) plant is found, the central disease (insect) plant needs to be removed with roots, and the surrounding plants are immediately protected by the medicament.
(4) Pest control of scion stock
Paying attention to the comprehensive prevention and control of the plant diseases and insect pests in the whole growing period and the ear picking period, taking the prevention as the main, and carrying out systematic prevention and control on the plant diseases and insect pests throughout the whole production process;
the soilless culture ensures that the cuttage rooting rate and the survival rate of the carnation are high.
Example 12:
on the basis of the examples 1 to 11, the trace elements are potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate; so that the carnation can grow well in the soilless culture.
Example 13:
on the basis of the embodiments 1-12, the soilless culture substrate adopts the crushed porcelain granules and the grass carbon to be uniformly mixed according to the proportion; the soilless culture substrate is ceramsite and turf, and the ceramsite is selected: turf (mass ratio) is 2:1, and ceramsite: turf (mass ratio) is 1:1, and ceramsite: when the grass carbon (mass ratio) is 4:1, and soil is used as a contrast, the test effect is obvious, the survival rate of the soilless culture cutting slips can reach 98 percent through sensory judgment, the survival rate of the soil culture cutting slips is only 58 percent, the soilless culture weeds are few, the plant diseases and insect pests are few, and the growth is vigorous. The substrate proportion is 1:1, the growth is best, the plant is highest, the color is deepest, the hardness and the wax degree are the largest, and the length, the width and the thickness of the leaf are the largest.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A carnation seedling growing method is characterized in that: the steps include
(1) Ear picking stock plant: selecting ventilated, sunny and high-dryness places, sterilizing or renovating the substrate before cultivation, carrying out drip irrigation to supply water and fertilizer, and ensuring that the production cycle of the scion-collecting stock plant does not exceed one year;
(2) ear picking: spraying an antibacterial agent on the stock plant 1-2 days before ear picking;
(3) and (3) cutting and refrigerating: putting every 200 cuttings into a fresh-keeping bag, wherein the bag opening is unsealed and folded, vertically placing the cut cuttings into a carton, and putting the carton into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 0-2 ℃;
(4) cuttage: placing a medium on a cutting bed, correspondingly stripping off a pair of leaves at the base part of the cutting slip before cutting, sticking rooting powder, keeping the plant row spacing of the cutting slip not less than 2.5cm, shading or semi-shading within one week after cutting, and regularly spraying pesticide for preventing diseases every 7-10 days;
(5) seedling packaging and cold storage: taking seedlings after rooting, putting 50-100 seedlings into a freshness protection bag, sealing the bag opening, folding, vertically placing into a carton, and putting into a refrigeration house, wherein the refrigeration temperature is 1-3 ℃.
2. A carnation seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the ear-picking stock plant is the original stock or the soilless culture disease-free seedling obtained from the original stock, and the ear-picking part is controlled below the 6 th node.
3. The rooting powder for carnation seedling culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rooting powder bag comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
naphthalene acetic acid: 10 parts of indolebutyric acid: 1-2 parts of myclobutanil: 80-120 parts of hymexazol: 15-30 parts of talcum powder: 6000 to 6400 parts;
the myclobutanil adopts wettable powder with the content of 40 percent;
the hymexazol is agricultural hymexazol with content of 70%.
4. A carnation seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 3-5: 1.
5. a carnation seedling raising method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (4), the cutting medium is perlite: peat, and perlite: the mass ratio of the peat is 4: 1.
6. a carnation seedling raising method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ear picking stock plant adopts a soilless culture mode;
(1) the medium is one or more of coconut velvet, ceramsite, perlite, peat and rice husk, and a drip irrigation belt is paved in the planting bed to supply nutrient solution;
(2) preparing a nutrient solution: preparing concentrated nutrient solution and then preparing nutrient solution by using the concentrated nutrient solution;
① preparation of concentrated nutrient solution:
the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing calcium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and EDTA iron;
solution A: firstly, warm water is used for respectively dissolving EDTA-2Na and FeSO4.7H2O, will dissolve FeSO4.7H2Slowly pouring the solution of O into the EDTA-2Na solution while stirring, and then pouring the dissolved calcium nitrate;
and B, liquid B: firstly dissolving monopotassium phosphate, sequentially dissolving potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate, dissolving boron fertilizer in hot water, adding, and then respectively dissolving the rest trace elements;
preparing nutrient solution, namely pouring the required amount of the concentrated solution A, stirring the mixture evenly, measuring the required amount of the concentrated solution B, diluting the mixture with clear water, slowly pouring the diluted mixture into a container, stirring the mixture evenly, adjusting the pH value to 5.8-6.5, and measuring EC for use;
③, nutrient solution management technology, wherein a drip irrigation system is adopted to supply liquid;
(3) virus sampling
Virus detection is carried out to find and eliminate strains;
(4) pest control of scion stock
The comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests are paid attention to during the whole growing period and the ear picking period, and the prevention is mainly.
7. A carnation seedling raising method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the microelements are potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
8. A carnation seedling raising method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the soilless culture substrate adopts the crushed ceramsite and the grass carbon which are uniformly mixed according to a proportion.
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| CN102153397A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-08-17 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Soilless culture nutrient solution for carnation scion stock and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN103583212A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-19 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | Dianthus caryophyllus seedling plug tray cottage and cultivation method |
| CN107771546A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-09 | 银川市兴庆区农牧局 | Promote the method for carnation cuttage root-taking |
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| CN102153397A (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2011-08-17 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Soilless culture nutrient solution for carnation scion stock and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN103583212A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-19 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | Dianthus caryophyllus seedling plug tray cottage and cultivation method |
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