CN111157386B

CN111157386B - Variable-load contact lubrication abrasion integrated testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN111157386B
Application number: CN202010050689.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张锐; 王静; 张明宇; 韩一鸣
Original assignee: Donghua University
Current assignee: Donghua University
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2020-01-17
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-17
Also published as: CN111157386A

Abstract

The invention provides a variable load contact lubrication abrasion integrated tester, in particular to a variable load contact lubrication abrasion integrated tester which can enable a roller and a glass block or a steel block to form long/short limited length contact under the variable load condition, indirectly drive the glass block or the steel block to do reciprocating linear motion according to a certain rule through a motor, feed back the motion speed of the glass block or the steel block in real time by using a speed sensor, observe and store the shape and thickness of an elastic hydrodynamic lubrication oil film formed by the roller and the glass block in real time, or research the abrasion between the roller and the steel block. The invention has simple structure, strong practicability and reliable work, and provides a reliable test device for researching the lubrication or abrasion problem of long/short/limited long contact under the condition of variable load.

Description

Variable-load contact lubrication abrasion integrated testing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a variable load contact lubrication and wear integrated testing machine, in particular to an optical elastic fluid dynamic lubrication and wear integrated testing machine for researching the long/short limited long contact problem under the variable load condition.

Background

The sleeve and the pin of the industrial chain form a limited length contact with different lengths, thereby forming elastic fluid dynamic lubrication or abrasion. In the existing optical elastic fluid dynamic lubrication abrasion test machine, a glass disc or a steel disc is generally driven to do circular motion, so that only point contact or small-sized surface contact test can be carried out; when the experiment machine is used for carrying out the limited-length contact experiment, the linear speeds at different positions in the axial direction of the roller are different, and the problem of limited-length contact cannot be accurately and effectively simulated. In addition, the line contact formed between the mechanical parts can be under variable load conditions due to impact and vibration, and the prior elastohydrodynamic lubrication testing machine cannot apply variable load to the limited long contact. In summary, there is currently no experimental machine for investigating lubrication or wear problems of long/short limited long contacts under variable load conditions.

Therefore, it is sought to design a variable-load contact lubrication and wear integrated tester so as to better simulate the long/short finite-length contact problem under the variable-load condition between the sleeve and the pin shaft in the actual working condition, and thus to better study the lubrication and wear characteristics of the long/short finite-length line contact under the variable-load condition, measure the shape and thickness of the oil film, and the wear condition of the test piece.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the prior art can not effectively and accurately simulate the actual working condition of variable load contact in the field of optical elastic fluid power and can not carry out the lubricating wear experiment.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a variable-load contact lubrication wear integrated testing machine, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a loading device, a driving device, a first clamp for clamping a roller and a second clamp for clamping a glass block or a metal block, wherein the loading device and the driving device are arranged on the frame and driven by a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a servo driver, the first clamp is arranged on the loading device, the loading device applies a variable load to the first clamp, the driving device is connected with the second clamp and drives the second clamp to do reciprocating linear motion, the roller and the moving glass block or metal block are in contact with each other to form an oil film, an optical acquisition system for acquiring an oil film image is arranged above the oil film and connected with a computer, and the computer analyzes the acquired oil film image.

Preferably, drive arrangement includes motor one and ball transmission structure, and ball transmission structure includes lead screw and slip table, is equipped with the ball in the slip table, and the lead screw passes the slip table and is connected with the slip table, and the slip table is connected with anchor clamps two, and motor one drives ball transmission structure and slides and then drive anchor clamps two and be reciprocal linear motion, and motor one passes through PLC and servo driver control.

Preferably, the screw rod is connected with the first motor through a first coupling, the screw rod is arranged on the support through bearings at two ends, and the support is arranged on the frame.

Preferably, the fixture comprises a fixture shell with a concave structure, two groups of bearings are arranged in the fixture shell side by side, the bearings are connected with the fixture shell through bearing shafts penetrating through the fixture shell, and the rollers are arranged on a gap formed by the two groups of bearings.

Preferably, one end of the second clamp is a frame-shaped structure used for clamping the glass block, the other end of the second clamp is connected with the sliding table, and a rubber pad is arranged between the glass block and the frame-shaped structure.

Preferably, a speed sensor for feeding back the movement speed of the second clamp is arranged on the second clamp.

Preferably, the loading device comprises a loading supporting plate arranged on an upper table top of the frame, a loading sleeve connected with the lower surface of the upper table top, a thimble used for applying a load to the loading supporting plate, a loading rod used for applying a load to the thimble, and a motor II used for driving the loading rod, one end of the loading supporting plate is arranged on the upper table top through a bearing seat and is in a slope shape, a clamp I is arranged on the loading supporting plate, one end of the thimble penetrates through the upper table top to apply a load to the loading supporting plate, the other end of the thimble is connected with the loading rod through a cylinder core, the cylinder core is arranged in the loading sleeve, one end of the cylinder core is connected with the thimble, the other end of the cylinder core is connected with the loading rod through a spring.

Preferably, the connecting end of the cylinder core and the loading rod is tubular, one end of the loading rod is arranged in the tube, the spring is sleeved on the tube, the loading rod is axially provided with a loading disc for enabling the spring to be in a compressed state, and a limiting structure for preventing the loading rod from sliding down from the loading sleeve is arranged between the loading rod and the loading sleeve.

Preferably, the limiting structure comprises a loading barrel end cover arranged at the bottom end of the loading sleeve, a self-aligning ball bearing is arranged between the loading rod and the loading barrel end cover, the loading rod penetrates through the self-aligning ball bearing to be connected with the second motor, and a speed reducer is arranged between the loading rod and the second motor.

Preferably, a pressure sensor for measuring the stress of the thimble in real time is arranged between the thimble and the cylinder core; the loading disc is connected with the loading rod through a fastener, and an opening for adjusting the position of the loading disc is formed in the side wall of the loading sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the roller and the glass block or the steel block can be clamped, and the roller and the glass block or the steel block can form long/short limited-length contact under a certain load through a loading system, so that the change of the relative speed in the axial direction of the roller is avoided when the roller and the rotating glass block move relatively, and the practicability and the reliability of the test are improved;

(2) the glass block or the steel block can apply variable load to the roller according to a certain rule under the state of contacting with the roller;

(3) the glass block or the steel block is indirectly driven by the motor to do reciprocating linear motion under the state of being in contact with the roller, and forms elastic fluid dynamic lubrication under the condition of variable load length/short and limited length contact with the roller;

(4) the elastic hydrodynamic lubrication oil film image formed by the roller and the glass block can be observed and stored in real time, and the shape and the thickness of the oil film can be measured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the main body structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a first clamp of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a front view and a plan view of a second clamp of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The optical acquisition system consists of a light source, a CCD camera and an optical microscope, wherein the CCD camera and the optical microscope are connected with a computer, and the metal block is a steel block. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the variable load contact lubrication wear integrated testing machine of the present invention comprises: the device comprises an upper table top 1, a bearing seat 2, a first clamp 3, a roller 4, a second clamp 5, a glass block 6, a rubber pad 7, a loading supporting plate 8, a speed sensor 9, a deep groove ball bearing 10, a sliding table 11, a support 12, a screw rod 13, a first coupling 14, a first motor 15, a loading sleeve 16, an ejector pin 17, a pressure sensor 18, a cylinder core 19, a spring 20, a loading disc 21, a loading rod 22, a self-aligning ball bearing 23, a loading cylinder end cover 24, a second coupling 25, a speed reducer support 26, a speed reducer 27, a second motor 28, a lower table top 29 and a support 30.

The experiment machine mainly comprises a frame, a loading device, a driving device, a first clamp 3 and a second clamp 5.

The frame is composed of: four supporting columns 30 are respectively connected with the upper table top 1 and the lower table top 29 through screws to form the frame of the experiment machine.

The loading device is composed of: the thimble 17, the pressure sensor 18 and the cylinder core 19 are connected in sequence by using super glue, so that the pressure sensor 18 can measure the force applied on the thimble 17 in real time; a tube for connecting one end of a loading rod 22 is processed at one end of the cylinder core 17, a spring 20 is sleeved on the tube, then the loading rod 22 provided with a loading disc 21 is installed in the cylinder core 19, wherein the loading disc 21 is in screw connection with the loading rod 22, and the position of the loading disc 21 on the loading rod 22 is adjusted until two ends of the spring 20 are in contact with the cylinder core 19 and the loading disc 21 and are in a pressed state; after a self-aligning roller bearing 23 is arranged at the lower side of a loading rod 22, the assembled part from a thimble 17 to the self-aligning ball bearing 23 is integrally arranged in a loading sleeve 16, then a loading cylinder end cover 24 is arranged at the bottom of the loading sleeve 16, and the loading sleeve 16 is in screw connection with the loading cylinder end cover 24; the loading sleeve 16 is connected with the upper table top 1 through screws so as to fix the loading device and bear the weight; a strip-shaped hole is formed in the right side of the loading sleeve 16, and after the loading disc 21 is located, a screw is used for penetrating into the strip-shaped hole from the outside to the inside and screwing the strip-shaped hole into a threaded hole in the loading disc 21 so as to fix the loading disc 21 in the circumferential direction; the reducer bracket 26 is of a C-shaped plate structure, and the upper surface of the reducer bracket is provided with a large circular through hole and four small threaded through holes so as to be in screw connection with the reducer 27; the lower surface is provided with two strip-shaped through holes so as to be connected with the lower table surface 29 through screws; the speed reducer 27 is in screw connection with the second motor 28 and is connected with the loading rod 22 through the second coupling 25.

The driving device is configured as follows: the bracket 12 for mounting the ball screw transmission structure and the motor 15 is in screw connection with the upper table top 1 and in screw connection with the motor 15; deep groove ball bearings 10 are arranged at two ends of a lead screw 13, and a ball screw transmission structure consisting of the lead screw 13 and a sliding table 11 with balls arranged inside is arranged on a bracket 12.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the first clamp 3: the first clamp 3 for clamping the roller 4 mainly comprises a clamp shell, 4 cylindrical roller bearings and 2 bearing shafts, wherein the clamp shell is of a concave structure, strip-shaped pressing strips are arranged above two sides of the clamp shell respectively, and the strip-shaped pressing strips are connected with a main body of the clamp shell through screws; two cylindrical roller bearings are arranged on each bearing shaft, and then the bearing shafts provided with the cylindrical roller bearings are arranged on the clamp shell; the first clamp 3 is in screw connection with the loading supporting plate 8; in the test, the roller 4 was placed in the middle of the jig 3 so that the roller 4 could freely rotate while moving relative to the glass block 6.

As shown in fig. 5, one end of the second clamp 5 is a frame-shaped structure for clamping the glass block 6, a frame-shaped rubber pad 7 is arranged on the upper side of the frame-shaped structure, then the glass block 6 is arranged on the frame-shaped rubber pad, and the glass block 6 is fastened through threaded holes on two sides of the frame-shaped structure by the rubber pad, the gasket and the screw; a speed sensor 9 is fixed at the middle part of the second clamp 5 through strong glue and used for feeding back the movement speed of the second clamp 5; the other end of the second clamp 5 is of a plate-shaped structure and is provided with a through hole, so that the second clamp is conveniently connected with the sliding table 11 through screws.

The working principle of the experimental machine is as follows: a PLC and a servo motor relay are used for driving a second motor 28, then a second speed reducer 27 and a second coupling 25 are used for driving the loading rod 22 to rotate, and the loading disk 21 is fixed in the circumferential direction, so that the loading disk can only move up and down along the loading rod 22 and is loaded or unloaded through a spring 20, and the roller 4 is contacted with the glass block 6 and can apply variable loads with a certain rule; a PLC and a servo motor are used for driving a motor I15, and then a screw 13 is driven to rotate through a coupling I14, so that the sliding table 11 and a clamp II 5 provided with a glass block 6 are driven to do reciprocating linear motion through a ball screw transmission structure;

when this testing machine is tested: firstly, a PLC and a servo driver are used for driving a second motor 28 to rotate slowly, the load is carried out until the roller 4 is in contact with the glass block 6, and then the load is continuously carried out until the preset load is reached; a PLC and a servo relay are used for driving a second motor 28 to move according to a certain rule, so that variable load is applied to a contact area formed by the roller 4 and the glass block 6 through the loading device; a PLC and a servo relay are used for driving a motor 15, and a second clamp 5 provided with a glass block 6 is driven by the driving device to do reciprocating linear motion; acquiring an oil film image of a contact area by using an optical acquisition system consisting of a light source, a CCD camera and an optical microscope; the thickness and shape of the oil film were measured and analyzed using a computer and oil film analysis software.

When the abrasion test is carried out by using the invention, the glass block 6 in the test process is only replaced by a steel block with the same size, and the principle is approximately the same as the test method. After the wear test is completed, the wear conditions of the rollers 4 and the steel block are measured using a surface topographer or the like.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, so that any person skilled in the art can make changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments using the above disclosure. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention, unless they depart from the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a become integrative experiment machine of load contact lubrication wearing and tearing which characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a loading device, a driving device, a first clamp (3) for clamping a roller (4) and a second clamp (5) for clamping a glass block (6) or a metal block, wherein the loading device and the driving device are arranged on the frame and driven by a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a servo driver, the first clamp (3) is arranged on the loading device, the loading device applies a variable load to the first clamp (3), the driving device is connected with the second clamp (5) and drives the second clamp (5) to do reciprocating linear motion, the roller (4) and the moving glass block (6) or the metal block are contacted to form an oil film, an optical acquisition system for acquiring an oil film image is arranged above the oil film, the optical acquisition system is connected with a computer, and the computer analyzes the acquired oil film image;

the driving device comprises a first motor (15) and a ball screw transmission structure, the ball screw transmission structure comprises a screw (13) and a sliding table (11), balls are arranged in the sliding table (11), the screw (13) penetrates through the sliding table (11) to be connected with the sliding table (11), the sliding table (11) is connected with a second clamp (5), the first motor (15) drives the ball screw transmission structure to slide back and forth so as to drive the second clamp (5) to do reciprocating linear motion, and the first motor (15) is controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a servo driver;

the first clamp (3) is composed of a clamp shell, 4 cylindrical roller bearings and 2 bearing shafts, wherein the clamp shell is of a concave structure, strip-shaped pressing strips are arranged above two sides of the concave structure respectively, and the strip-shaped pressing strips are connected with a main body of the clamp shell through screws; two cylindrical roller bearings are arranged on each bearing shaft, and then the bearing shafts provided with the cylindrical roller bearings are arranged on the clamp shell;

the bearing is connected with the clamp shell through a bearing shaft penetrating through the clamp shell, and the roller (4) is arranged on a gap formed by the two groups of bearings;

one end of the second clamp (5) is of a frame structure for clamping the glass block (6), the other end of the second clamp is connected with the sliding table (11), and a rubber pad (7) is arranged between the glass block (6) and the frame structure;

a speed sensor (9) for feeding back the movement speed of the second clamp (5) is arranged on the second clamp (5);

after a frame-shaped rubber pad (7) is arranged on the upper side of the frame-shaped structure, a glass block (6) is arranged on the frame-shaped rubber pad, and the glass block (6) is fastened through threaded holes in two sides of the frame-shaped structure through the rubber pad, a gasket and a screw; a speed sensor (9) is fixed in the middle of the second clamp (5) through strong glue and used for feeding back the movement speed of the second clamp (5); the other end of the second clamp (5) is of a plate-shaped structure and is provided with a through hole, so that the second clamp can be conveniently connected with the sliding table (11) through a screw;

the loading device comprises a loading supporting plate (8) arranged on an upper table top (1) of a frame, a loading sleeve (16) connected with the lower surface of the upper table top (1), an ejector pin (17) used for applying load to the loading supporting plate (8), a loading rod (22) used for applying load to the ejector pin (17), and a motor II (28) used for driving the loading rod (22), wherein one end of the loading supporting plate (8) is arranged on the upper table top (1) through a bearing seat (2) and is in a slope shape, a clamp I (3) is arranged on the loading supporting plate (8), one end of the ejector pin (17) penetrates through the upper table top (1) to apply load to the loading supporting plate (8), the other end of the ejector pin is connected with the loading rod (22) through a cylinder core (19), the cylinder core (19) is arranged in the loading sleeve (16), one end of the cylinder core (19) is connected with the ejector pin (17), and the other end of, the loading rod (22) is connected with a second motor (28), and the second motor (28) is controlled by a PLC and a servo driver;

the tube-shaped loading device is characterized in that one end, connected with the tube core (19), of the loading rod (22) is tubular, one end of the loading rod (22) is arranged in the tube, the spring (20) is sleeved on the tube, the loading rod (22) is provided with a loading disc (21) used for enabling the spring (20) to be in a compression state along the axial direction, and a limiting structure used for preventing the loading rod (22) from sliding down from the loading sleeve (16) is arranged between the loading rod (22) and the loading sleeve (16).

2. The variable load contact lubrication wear integral testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lead screw (13) is connected with the first motor (15) through a first coupling (14), the lead screw (13) is arranged on the support (12) through bearings (10) at two ends, and the support (12) is arranged on the frame.

3. The variable load contact lubrication wear integral testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the limiting structure comprises a loading barrel end cover (24) arranged at the bottom end of the loading sleeve (16), a self-aligning ball bearing (23) is arranged between the loading rod (22) and the loading barrel end cover (24), the loading rod (22) penetrates through the self-aligning ball bearing (23) to be connected with a second motor (28), and a speed reducer (27) is arranged between the loading rod (22) and the second motor (28).

4. A variable load contact lubrication wear integral tester as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: a pressure sensor (18) for measuring the stress of the thimble (17) in real time is arranged between the thimble (17) and the cylinder core (19); the loading disc (21) is connected with the loading rod (22) through a fastener, and an opening for adjusting the position of the loading disc (21) is formed in the side wall of the loading sleeve (16).