CN111157375A - Hopkinson pressure bar device - Google Patents
Hopkinson pressure bar device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157375A CN111157375A CN202010068839.4A CN202010068839A CN111157375A CN 111157375 A CN111157375 A CN 111157375A CN 202010068839 A CN202010068839 A CN 202010068839A CN 111157375 A CN111157375 A CN 111157375A
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- limiting ring
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
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Abstract
The invention relates to a strain test device, in particular to a Hopkinson pressure bar device, which comprises an incident bar and a transmission bar, wherein the incident bar corresponds to a bullet outlet of a launching device for launching a bullet, the transmission bar corresponds to the incident bar and extends along the same linear direction, and the Hopkinson pressure bar device is characterized by further comprising: the limiting ring is arranged between the incident rod and the transmission rod; the limiting ring, one end of the incident rod corresponding to the limiting ring and one end of the transmission rod corresponding to the limiting ring are all arranged in the test box; the limit ring is detachably connected and supported on the inner wall of the test box. Because the spacing ring has more supports, the sample is difficult to the slippage with the spacing ring, and the pole of inciting light strikes the sample in the proof box, and the sample stops to warp when warping to the spacing ring height, because the spacing ring modulus is the same with the modulus of pole, is difficult to produce and warp, moves backward under the promotion of pole of inciting light to the protection sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a limited strain test device, in particular to a Hopkinson pressure bar device.
Background
The experiment is an important means for researching the relation of mechanical properties of the material. The traditional loading mode can generally realize 1s-1Following quasi-static loading, but in various engineering, military and scientific research, people often encounter various shock explosion problems, for which the strain rate is as high as 102-104s-1The mechanical response is quite different from that under quasi-static load loading. The strain rate is (10)2-104s-1) The split Hopkinson bar experimental device can be used for carrying out dynamic compression test on materials and is applied and developed. The intensive research on the aspect of material mechanics has a key influence on the general application of the material, and usually, under the condition of low strain rate, deformation under different loading conditions such as limited strain loading, continuous recording of compression, stretching and the like is combined with characterization means such as SEM, XRD and the like to record morphological data such as material yield, necking, hole nucleation, crack expansion and the like in real time. However, in the case of a high strain rate, it is difficult to strictly control the strain of the sample, and although the conventional retainer ring technology is simple to assemble, the wall of the retainer ring is too thin and is easily deformed, and the wall is too thick and is easily dropped before the incident rod is loaded, so that it is difficult to limit the strain loading. Secondly, during impact loading, sample and spacing ring splash easily, and the security is lower, no matter be to scientific research equipment or scientific research personnel all be a potential danger. Finally, after impact loading, secondary impact caused in the splashing process of the sample after primary loading is not considered, and the accuracy of the test is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Hopkinson pressure bar device.
In order to achieve the above object, a technical solution adopted in the present application is a hopkinson pressure lever device, including an incident rod, a transmission rod corresponding to the incident rod and extending in the same linear direction, characterized in that, the hopkinson pressure lever device further includes:
the limiting ring is arranged between the incident rod and the transmission rod, gaps are reserved among the limiting ring, the incident rod and the transmission rod, and the limiting ring is used for supporting a sample;
the limiting ring, one end of the incident rod corresponding to the limiting ring and one end of the transmission rod corresponding to the limiting ring are all arranged in the test box;
the limiting ring is detachably connected and supported on the inner wall of the test box, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is 65-75% of the diameter of the incident rod or the transmission rod, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring is larger than or equal to the diameter of the incident rod or the transmission rod; the modulus of the limiting ring, the incident rod and the transmission rod are the same.
The mechanical response of the material is in important connection with the loading strain rate, the deformation damage modes of the material are completely different under the loading of low strain rate and high strain rate, and the medium strain rate (10)2-104s-1) The method is the most concerned problem of general engineering, and the material can be loaded at medium and high strain rate through a Hopkinson pressure bar experimental device.
The loading process of a real-time observation sample is a common mode for deeply researching the deformation mechanism of a material, under quasi-static loading, deformation conditions under different loading conditions such as stretching, compression, bending and the like can be continuously recorded by limiting different strain loading, and the change of the surface appearance and the orientation of grains and the change process of a microstructure of the material can be observed by combining SEM and XRD. However, under dynamic impact conditions, it is difficult to define the strain loading of the test specimen. Through setting up the proof box that sets up the support, set up recovery sample and spacing ring to the spacing ring, solved the easy slippage of spacing ring and the problem that splashes.
Under the condition of medium and high strain rate loading, researchers want to obtain a series of information from initial deformation to sample failure through microstructure information of deformation to corresponding deformation amount under impact loading of a freezing material. (that is, in the general impact experiment, the sample can deform, the deformation can not be controlled, the sample can obtain a fixed preset deformation after being loaded, namely, the sample stops compressing when being compressed to a certain deformation, namely, the deformation of the frozen material under impact loading is called, and the sample stops deforming when being deformed to a certain deformation, namely, the deformation is called freezing.)
The existing limiting ring technology is simple to assemble, the ring is too thin and is easy to deform, and the ring is too thick and is easy to drop before loading. Under the impact loading, the sample and the spacing ring are easy to splash, the safety is low, and the sample after the impact loading is easy to cause secondary impact, so that the accuracy of the test is influenced. Through the spacing ring of processing not co-altitude (the ascending spacing ring length of incident pole or transmission pole axial direction), thereby obtain the material and warp the micro-structure information of corresponding deflection under impact loading, because the spacing ring has more supported, sample and spacing ring are difficult to the slippage, the incident pole strikes the sample in the proof box, the sample stops to warp when warping to the spacing ring height, because the spacing ring modulus is the same with the modulus of pole, be difficult to produce and warp, (the spacing ring removes backward under the promotion of incident pole) thereby protect the sample.
Compare in traditional with the ring cover on the sample, the rethread incident pole, the transmission pole is with the hopkinson compression bar device of sample centre gripping, this hopkinson compression bar device is compared in traditional sample suspension ring's mode, change into and support the spacing ring with the proof box that ensures sample and spacing ring do not splash as the basis, the mode of supporting the sample with the spacing ring, the slipping of sample has been prevented, the even atress of sample in the testing process has been guaranteed, the accuracy and the accuracy nature of experiment have been increased, when not having the support promptly, the sample probably slips the edge of half or being in the pole, if load in this kind of condition, be in partial atress during the sample is experimental, can't ensure accuracy and the accuracy nature of experiment.
Furthermore, the test box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body which correspond to each other up and down, the upper box body and the lower box body form a hinge mechanism, and a skylight made of transparent materials is arranged on the top surface of the upper box body.
Further, the inner wall of the test chamber is covered with a rubber layer.
The rubber layer in the test box avoids the severe secondary impact when the test sample splashes, the primary loading effect of the tested test sample is kept, and the safety of the experiment can be ensured.
Furthermore, one end of the test box, which faces the incident rod, is provided with a through groove for placing the limiting ring from one end.
Furthermore, the through groove is in clearance fit with the limiting ring, and the transmission rod or the incident rod is in clearance fit with the through groove.
Furthermore, mounting parts extend outwards from two sides of the limiting ring, a guide rail extending along the direction of the incident rod or the transmission rod body is arranged in the test box, and the mounting parts are connected with the guide rail in a sliding mode. Therefore, the supports at the front and the rear of the limiting ring support the limiting ring to be parallel to the axis of the rod, move back and forth in the axial direction and control the limiting ring not to splash everywhere.
Further, the guide rail is a groove located on the inner wall of the test chamber, and the guide rail extends to one end of the test chamber, where the through groove is arranged. Therefore, the limiting ring can be conveniently installed, namely the limiting ring and the installation part on the limiting ring directly enter the test box from one side of the through groove, and then the incident rod or the transmission rod is inserted into the test box from the through groove.
Furthermore, the bottom of the test box is provided with a mounting base for fixedly supporting the test box.
Further, the mounting base includes a first movable platform supporting the test chamber and a second movable platform supporting the first movable platform. The two-layer stacked moving platform can conveniently control the movement of the test box.
Further, the first moving platform is a lifting moving platform, and the second moving platform is a horizontal moving platform. Therefore, the lifting mobile platform is arranged above, and the horizontal mobile platform is arranged below, so that the resistance born by the lifting mobile platform during lifting is reduced.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description. Or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the invention, and are included to explain the invention and their equivalents and not limit it unduly. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view for explaining the hopkinson pressure bar device;
fig. 2 is a schematic left-view structural diagram illustrating the hopkinson pressure bar device after an incident bar is removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a right side view of the Hopkinson pressure bar device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a retainer ring of the Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus according to the present invention;
the labels in the figure are: incident rod 1, transmission rod 2, spacing ring 3, mounting part 310, test box 4, upper box 410, lower box 420, skylight 411, lower box 420, through groove 421, guide rail 422, mounting base 5, first moving platform 510, second moving platform 520.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Before the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the present invention in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict.
Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only examples of a part of the present invention, and not all examples. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With respect to terms and units in the present invention. The term "comprises" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a hopkinson pressure bar device includes an incident bar 1, and a transmission bar 2 corresponding to the incident bar 1 and extending in the same linear direction, and the hopkinson pressure bar device further includes:
the limiting ring 3 is arranged between the incident rod 1 and the transmission rod 2, gaps are reserved among the limiting ring 3, the incident rod 1 and the transmission rod 2, and the limiting ring 3 is used for supporting a sample;
the limiting ring 3, one end of the incident rod 1 corresponding to the limiting ring 3 and one end of the transmission rod 2 corresponding to the limiting ring 3 are all arranged in the test box 4;
the limiting ring 3 is detachably connected and supported on the inner wall of the test box 4, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is 65-75% of the diameter of an incident rod or a transmission rod, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring is larger than or equal to the diameter of the incident rod or the transmission rod; the modulus of the limiting ring, the incident rod and the transmission rod are the same.
The test box 4 comprises an upper box body 410 and a lower box body 420 which correspond to each other up and down, the upper box body 410 and the lower box body 420 form a hinge mechanism, a skylight 411 made of transparent materials is arranged on the top surface of the upper box body 410, the internal condition in the box can be observed through the skylight 411, and the skylight 411 made of transparent materials can be made of PMMA transparent baffle plates. The upper case 410 is coupled to the lower case 420 by a fastener. In a particular arrangement, lower housing 420 preferably occupies two-thirds of the volume of test chamber 4. The upper box 410 is fitted to the lower test chamber 4 by means of dowel pins.
The inner wall of the test box 4 is covered with a rubber layer, the rubber layer is tightly attached to the inner surface of the test box 4, namely the rubber layer is arranged on the inner surface of the whole test box. The rubber layer in the test box 4 avoids the severe secondary impact when the test sample splashes, the primary loading effect of the tested test sample is kept, and the safety of the experiment can be ensured. The test box 4 is provided with a through groove 421 for placing the limit ring 3 from one end of the transmission rod 2 or the incident rod 1, the through groove 421 is specifically arranged on the lower box body 420, and the through groove 421 is provided with a round hole, and the shape of the through groove is matched with that of the limit ring 3. The through groove 421 is in clearance fit with the limit ring 3, and the transmission rod 2 or the incident rod 1 is in clearance fit with the through groove 421. In the present embodiment, the end of the test chamber 4 where the through groove 421 is provided is the end facing the incident rod 1.
By processing the limiting rings 3 with different heights, microstructure information of a material which deforms to a corresponding deformation amount under impact loading is obtained, specifically, the microstructure information of a sample is obtained through recovery analysis of a recovered sample, samples with different strains are obtained through impact loading, and then the samples with different strains are recovered and analyzed. The collected sample is combined with characterization means such as CT (observation of internal three-dimensional structure) SEM (surface morphology) and the like to obtain the microstructure information of the corresponding deformation.
Because spacing ring 3 has more supported, the slippage is difficult to for sample and spacing ring 3, and the pole 1 of inciting light strikes the sample in proof box 4, and the sample stops to warp when warping to 3 high of spacing ring, because the modulus of 3 moduli of spacing ring and pole is the same, is difficult to produce and warp, and spacing ring 3 moves backward under the promotion of the pole 1 of inciting light to the protection sample. That is, the yield ratio of the sample is smaller than the limit ring 3, and the sample is deformed when being squeezed, and when the sample is deformed to the height of the limit ring, since the force acts on the limit ring, the yield and the modulus of the limit ring are the same as those of the incident rod and the transmission rod, and the sample is not deformed in the height direction, so that the sample is not deformed.
In the test, vaseline is coated on one end of the sample, and the vaseline plays a role in connection, so that one end of the sample is attached to the end face of the incident rod. The gap between the sample and the limiting ring is set according to actual needs, and the sample can be placed in the ring.
The two sides of the limiting ring 3 extend outwards to form mounting parts 310, a guide rail 422 extending along the direction of the incident rod 1 or the transmission rod 2 is arranged in the test box 4, and the mounting parts 310 are connected with the guide rail 422 in a sliding manner. Therefore, the front and rear supports of the limiting ring 3 support the limiting ring 3 to be parallel to the axis of the rod, move back and forth in the axial direction and control the limiting ring 3 not to splash everywhere. The mounting portion 310 here is a rod-shaped member extending outward from both sides of the stop collar 3, the guide rail 422 is a groove located on the inner wall of the test chamber 4, the guide rail 422 extends to one end of the test chamber 4 where the through groove 421 is provided, the cross section of the rod-shaped member is rectangular, the shape of the groove is also matched with the mounting portion 310 of the rod-shaped member, that is, the guide rail 422 is located on both sides of the stop collar 3, and the mounting portions 310 on both sides of the stop collar 3 are embedded into the guide rail 422 formed in the groove.
This is to facilitate the installation of the retainer ring 3, i.e., to directly insert the retainer ring 3 and the installation portion 310 of the retainer ring 3 into the test chamber 4 from the side of the through groove 421, and then to insert the incident rod 1 or the transmission rod 2 into the test chamber 4 from the through groove 421.
Specifically, two ends of a test box 4 are provided with symmetrical round holes, the centers of the round holes are coaxial with the centers of an incident rod 1 and a transmission rod 2, a limiting ring 3 is movably arranged in the test box 4, a sample is placed in the ring, a parallel guide rail 422 is arranged in the lower part of the test box 4, the limiting ring 3 can axially and freely slide in the parallel guide rail 422, and the port of the guide rail 422 is sealed at the end of the transmission rod 2.
Preferably, the groove of the sample box body is provided with a lubricating layer, so that the friction between the limiting ring 3 and the box body is reduced, and the free axial movement of the limiting ring 3 in the sample box is ensured. The lubricating layer here may be solid lubricant graphite.
The bottom of the test chamber 4 is provided with a mounting base 5 for fixedly supporting the test chamber 4. The mounting base 5 includes a first moving platform 510 supporting the test chamber 4 and a second moving platform 520 supporting the first moving platform 510. The first moving platform 510 is a lifting moving platform, and the second moving platform 520 is a horizontal moving platform. In this embodiment, the lifting direction of the first moving platform 510 may be set as Z-axis, the second moving platform 520 may be set to move along a horizontal straight direction, the X-axis is located, and the X, Z direction of the test chamber 4 may be adjusted to move by adjusting the mounting base 5.
The first moving platform 510 and the second moving platform 520 are both provided with a fixed plate and a movable plate, the movable plate is connected with the fixed plate through a slide rail, the movable plate can be driven through screw rod transmission, specifically, a KSM series manual translation table can be adopted, and the movable plate is driven by controlling a micrometer of the KSM manual translation table.
The experimental sample is cylindrical, the length-diameter ratio is 0.5-0.8, the diameter is less than 50% of the rod diameter, the smoothness of two loading surfaces is guaranteed by processing the experimental sample, and the parallelism is within a tolerance range of 0.01.
The diameter of the inner diameter of the movable limiting ring 3 is about 70% of the diameter of the rod, so that the sample is not restricted by the inner wall of the limiting ring 3 in the radial deformation process, the outer diameter of the limiting ring 3 is the same as the diameters of the incident rod 1 and the transmission rod 2, the limiting ring 3 is not easy to deform in the loading process due to the enough wall thickness, and the height of the movable limiting ring 3 is determined according to the strain capacity of the cylindrical sample to be controlled in the experiment.
During the test, a LY12 material plate is cut into a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm and the height of 7mm along the rolling direction, vaseline is coated on two loaded end faces of the cylinder to reduce end face friction, a box cover of a test box 4 is opened, a proper limit ring 3 is replaced, a sample is placed in the limit ring 3, the sample is located in the center of the ring as much as possible, the contact end of the sample and a rod is in close contact, the cover of the test box 4 is closed, whether the sample is placed correctly is observed through a skylight 411, an air valve is opened to drive a bullet to impact, and finally the sample is taken out to be subjected to CT characterization, scanning electron microscope characterization (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction characterization (EBSD). The stop collar 3 is free to move axially along the guide rail 422 in the test chamber 4, and contact between them can be made by moving the incident rod or the transmission rod. The sample is placed within the ring and the length of the sample is longer than the height of the confinement ring 3.
The contents of the present invention have been explained above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the above description without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hopkinson pressure bar device, includes the transmission pole that incides the pole, corresponds and extend along same straight line direction with the pole of inciding, its characterized in that, a hopkinson pressure bar device still includes:
the limiting ring is arranged between the incident rod and the transmission rod, gaps are reserved among the limiting ring, the incident rod and the transmission rod, and the limiting ring is used for supporting a sample;
the limiting ring, one end of the incident rod corresponding to the limiting ring and one end of the transmission rod corresponding to the limiting ring are all arranged in the test box;
the limiting ring is detachably connected and supported on the inner wall of the test box, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is 65-75% of the diameter of the incident rod or the transmission rod, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring is larger than or equal to the diameter of the incident rod or the transmission rod; the modulus of the limiting ring, the modulus of the incident rod and the modulus of the transmission rod are the same.
2. The Hopkinson pressure bar device according to claim 1, wherein the test chamber comprises an upper chamber body and a lower chamber body which correspond to each other up and down, the upper chamber body and the lower chamber body form a hinge mechanism, and a top surface of the upper chamber body is provided with a skylight made of transparent material.
3. The Hopkinson pressure bar assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of said test chamber is covered with a rubber layer.
4. The Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of the test chamber facing the transmission rod or the incident rod is provided with a through groove for placing the retainer ring therein.
5. The Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus of claim 4, wherein said through groove is in clearance fit with the retainer ring, and said transmission bar or said incident bar is in clearance fit with the through groove.
6. The Hopkinson pressure bar device according to claim 4, wherein mounting portions extend outwards from two sides of the limiting ring, a guide rail extending along the direction of the incident rod or the transmission rod body is arranged in the test box, and the mounting portions are connected with the guide rail in a sliding mode.
7. The Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said guide rail is a groove formed in the inner wall of the test chamber, and extends to the end of the test chamber where the through groove is formed.
8. The Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus of claim 1, wherein a mounting base is provided at the bottom of the test chamber for fixedly supporting the test chamber.
9. The hopkinson strut assembly of claim 8, wherein said mounting base includes a first mobile platform supporting the test chamber and a second mobile platform supporting the first mobile platform.
10. The hopkinson pressure bar apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first moving platform is a lifting moving platform and the second moving platform is a horizontal moving platform.
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CN202010068839.4A CN111157375A (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Hopkinson pressure bar device |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111638118A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-08 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing internal crack propagation of concrete after quantitative strain impact |
CN112033826A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-04 | 广东稳固检测鉴定有限公司 | Building material detects with shock-resistant test device |
-
2020
- 2020-01-21 CN CN202010068839.4A patent/CN111157375A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111638118A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-09-08 | 河海大学 | Device and method for testing internal crack propagation of concrete after quantitative strain impact |
CN112033826A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-04 | 广东稳固检测鉴定有限公司 | Building material detects with shock-resistant test device |
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