CN111157356B - Rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under stress disturbance effect - Google Patents
Rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under stress disturbance effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157356B CN111157356B CN202010097691.7A CN202010097691A CN111157356B CN 111157356 B CN111157356 B CN 111157356B CN 202010097691 A CN202010097691 A CN 202010097691A CN 111157356 B CN111157356 B CN 111157356B
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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Abstract
The invention provides a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heave force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect, and belongs to the technical field of rock mass mechanics experiments. The device comprises a microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system, a temperature control system and a microcomputer screen display frost heaving force sensor monitoring system, wherein the microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system comprises a universal test machine, an electrohydraulic control system and a microcomputer screen display data acquisition system, the temperature control system comprises a freezing and thawing environment test box and a temperature control box, and the universal test machine is completely arranged in the freezing and thawing environment test box. The microcomputer screen display frost heaving force sensor monitoring system comprises a frost heaving force sensor and a microcomputer screen display data acquisition system. Three parts in the device are mutually matched, and the freezing and thawing environment temperature, the uniaxial compressive strength, the uniaxial compressive deformation and the frost heaving force of each ice-containing crack in the whole rock test piece process can be controlled and monitored in real time, so that the ice-containing crack frost heaving force variation characteristics under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms are studied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass mechanics experiments, in particular to a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the action of stress disturbance.
Background
The demand of China for metal mineral resources is continuously increased, but the resource amount of low-altitude areas is gradually reduced, and the exploitation and utilization of the metal mineral resources in high-altitude cold areas are a national strategy. Low temperature, low air pressure, freeze thawing cycle, ecological weakness and the like in high altitude areas, which lead to the problems of poor mining conditions, complex catastrophe mechanism and the like.
The freeze thawing damage of engineering rock mass in high altitude and high cold region is a common engineering problem in cold region, and is mainly caused by damage degradation of rock caused by frost heaving force induced by ice-water phase change of crack water in alternating air temperature in rock mass, including microscopic damage, seepage splitting, frost heaving fragmentation and the like, complex damage mechanism and numerous influence factors in damage evolution process. The freeze thawing damage and fracture of the fractured rock mass are mainly caused by the evolution of the frost heaving force of the rock mass containing ice, so that the research on the frost heaving force of the ice-containing crack under different stress disturbance actions and different fracture forms has important significance for revealing the damage degradation and fracture evolution process of the engineering rock mass in the high-altitude alpine region.
At present, research methods for the frost heaving force of rock mass cracks mainly adopt numerical simulation and theoretical models, and support of actual measurement data of the frost heaving force of the ice-containing cracks under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms is lacked. The existing fracture frost heave force testing method comprises a photoelastic testing technology and a film pressure sensor testing method, but the photoelastic testing has poor testing precision and the film pressure sensor has relatively poor mounting precision, and the tested fracture frost heave force cannot consider the actual situation of the mine stress disturbance action, so that the rock ice-containing fracture frost heave force evolution testing device and method under the stress disturbance action are necessary to be researched so as to perfect the fracture frost heave force testing technology. The Wuhan university of science and technology invents a rock crack frost heaving force testing device (application number: CN201711009776. X) under the action of vertical load, if the frost heaving force of a crack with length, width and depth of 15cm, 4mm and 8cm in the water saturation freezing process is to be researched, firstly, a standard test block manufactured by 15cm, 15cm and 15cm is cut from the center line of any surface to form a crack with length, width and depth of 15cm, 4mm and 8 cm; and then inserting a prefabricated steel sheet with the thickness of 4mm into the crack, punching a round hole in the sample in the direction of the vertical crack surface until the steel sheet is contacted, and researching the frost heaving force in the water-saturated crack under different vertical loads by applying compressive stress on the surface of the semi-open crack sample. However, the invention has several disadvantages: 1) The size of the test piece is 15cm multiplied by 15cm standard test block, the size of the test block is mostly used in similar materials of concrete and is not 50 multiplied by 100mm of the standard size of rock mechanics test; 2) The device is a combined drawer type rigid frame, the middle is stressed by a jack, the stress surface of a test block of the device is larger, the counterforce systems at the two sides are fragile, and the device cannot apply too large vertical load and cannot represent mine stress disturbance; 3) The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor need to be provided with holes in addition, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor need to be plugged by cement mortar after being installed, so that the process is complicated. Therefore, the invention relates to a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect, which is a key for solving the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heave force evolution test device under the action of stress disturbance. The device has the advantages of clear principle, simple operation and accurate precision, and can be used for researching the frost heaving force of the ice-containing cracks under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms.
The device comprises a microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system, a temperature control system and a microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system, wherein the microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system comprises a universal test machine and an electrohydraulic control system, the temperature control system comprises a freeze-thawing environment test box and a temperature control box, the microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system comprises a frost-heave force sensor and a microcomputer screen display data acquisition system, the universal test machine is completely arranged in the freeze-thawing environment test box, the temperature control box and the electrohydraulic control system are arranged outside the freeze-thawing environment test box, the electrohydraulic control system controls the universal test machine, the frost-heave force sensor is arranged on the universal test machine, and the microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system comprises a single-axis test data acquisition system, a frost-heave force sensor monitoring data acquisition system, a microcomputer, a temperature sensor, an electrohydraulic control system, a electrohydraulic control system transmission line, a temperature control box transmission line, a frost-heave force acquisition system control line, a tester stress-strain acquisition system transmission line, a vertical frost-heave force sensor transmission line, a transverse frost-heave force sensor transmission line, a single-axis compression deformation transmission line, a single-axis compression strength sensor, a single-axis sensor, a vertical crack single-axis crack sensor and an oblique compression deformation sensor.
The universal testing machine comprises an upper counter-force frame, a movable cross beam, an upper cushion block, a lower cushion block, a counter-force column, a lower counter-force frame, a base and a base cushion block, wherein the base cushion block is arranged below the base, the upper counter-force frame, the movable cross beam and the lower counter-force frame are arranged on the base, the upper counter-force frame and the lower counter-force frame are connected through the counter-force column, the movable cross beam slides on the counter-force column, the upper cushion block is arranged on the movable cross beam, the lower cushion block is arranged on the lower counter-force frame, and the upper cushion block and the lower cushion block are used for placing rock test pieces with ice-containing cracks.
The microcomputer is connected with the electrohydraulic control system through an electrohydraulic control system transmission line, the uniaxial compressive strength transmission line transmits data of the uniaxial compressive strength sensor to the uniaxial test data acquisition system, the uniaxial compressive deformation transmission line transmits data of the uniaxial compressive deformation sensor to the uniaxial test data acquisition system, and the stress-strain acquisition system control line of the tester is connected with the microcomputer and the uniaxial test data acquisition system.
The temperature control box transmission line is connected with the microcomputer and the temperature control box, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner side of the freezing and thawing environment test box.
The vertical crack frost heave sensor and the oblique crack frost heave sensor are arranged in an ice-containing crack of a test piece for testing, and are respectively connected to a frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system through a vertical frost heave sensor transmission line and a horizontal frost heave sensor transmission line, and the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system is connected with a microcomputer through a frost heave force acquisition system control line.
The uniaxial compression deformation sensor adopts an extensometer.
The device realizes stress disturbance test by controlling oil feeding and oil returning through the electrohydraulic control system, and the microcomputer is connected with the data acquisition system, so that the uniaxial compressive strength and uniaxial compressive deformation of the rock test piece in the test process of real-time screen display recording can be realized.
The temperature control box can control the temperature of the freeze thawing environment test box, and real temperature of the environment where the rock test piece is located in the test process can be recorded in real time in a screen display mode. The universal testing machine for horizontally applying load is completely placed in a freezing and thawing environment test box.
During the test, the frost heaving force sensor is arranged in the prefabricated ice-containing cracks of the rock test piece to measure the frost heaving force, the number of the sensors can be adjusted according to the number of the cracks, and the frost heaving force sensor is connected with the data acquisition system and can display the frost heaving force of the ice-containing cracks of different rock test pieces in real time.
The three parts of the invention are mutually matched, and the temperature of the freeze thawing environment, the uniaxial compressive strength, the uniaxial compressive deformation and the frost heaving force of each ice-containing crack in the whole rock test piece process can be controlled and monitored in real time, so that the frost heaving force change characteristics of the ice-containing cracks under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms are studied.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The device is simple, convenient to operate and low in cost, the test can be completely operated through microcomputer operation, the whole test process is full-automatic, and when the test is performed, only a mouse is needed to be clicked, and an instruction is given.
(2) The test piece used by the device is a rock mechanical test standard test piece phi 50 multiplied by 100mm, and the obtained result considers the size effect and is more accurate.
(3) The frost heaving force sensor has high installation precision and small measurement error.
(4) The device can be used for researching the frost heaving force change characteristics of the ice-containing cracks under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms, and the stress disturbance size and the number of the ice-containing cracks can be changed at will according to test conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a freeze thawing environment test box in a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of a universal testing machine in a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the installation of a rock specimen in a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heave force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a freeze-thawing force evolution curve obtained by testing the device when loading stress is 10MPa in the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1-a microcomputer; 2-a single-axis test data acquisition system; 3-monitoring a data acquisition system by a frost heaving force sensor; 4-a temperature control box; 5-a freeze thawing environment test box; 6-a temperature sensor; 7-an upper reaction frame; 8-moving a cross beam; 9-upper cushion blocks; 10-a rock specimen with ice cracks; 11-lower cushion blocks; 12-a reaction column; 13-a lower reaction frame; 14-a base; 15-a base cushion block; 16-an electro-hydraulic control system; 17-electrohydraulic control system transmission lines; 18-a temperature control box transmission line; 19-a frost heaving force acquisition system control line; 20-a stress-strain acquisition system control line of the tester; 21-a vertical frost heaving force sensor transmission line; 22-a transverse frost heaving force sensor transmission line; 23-uniaxial compressive strength transmission lines; 24-uniaxial compression deformed transmission lines; 25-uniaxial compressive strength sensor; 26-a vertical fracture frost heaving force sensor; 27-an oblique fracture frost heaving force sensor; 28-uniaxial compression deformation sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a rock mass ice-containing crack frost heaving force evolution test device under the stress disturbance effect.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system, a temperature control system and a microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system, wherein the microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system comprises a universal test machine and an electrohydraulic control system 16, the temperature control system comprises a freeze-thawing environment test box 5 and a temperature control box 4, the microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system comprises a frost-heave force sensor and a microcomputer screen display data acquisition system, the universal test machine is completely arranged in the freeze-thawing environment test box 5, the temperature control box 4 and the electrohydraulic control system 16 are arranged outside the freeze-thawing environment test box 5, the electrohydraulic control system 16 controls the universal test machine, the frost-heave force sensor is arranged on the universal test machine, and the microcomputer screen display frost-heave force sensor monitoring system specifically comprises a single-axis test data acquisition system 2, a frost-heave force sensor monitoring data acquisition system 3, a microcomputer 1, a temperature sensor 6, an electrohydraulic control system 16, an electrohydraulic control system transmission line 17, a temperature control box transmission line 18, a frost-heave force acquisition system control line 19, a tester stress-strain acquisition system control line 20, a vertical heave force sensor transmission line 21, a transverse heave force transmission line 22, a single-axis crack transmission line 23, a single-axis crack transmission line 24, a compression stress sensor, a single-strain sensor, a single-axis compression sensor and a single-axis compression sensor, a frost-heave force sensor 25.
As shown in fig. 4, the universal testing machine comprises an upper reaction frame 7, a movable cross beam 8, an upper cushion block 9, a lower cushion block 11, a reaction column 12, a lower reaction frame 13, a base 14 and a base cushion block 15, wherein the base cushion block 15 is arranged below the base 14, the upper reaction frame 7, the movable cross beam 8 and the lower reaction frame 13 are arranged on the base 14, the upper reaction frame 7 and the lower reaction frame 13 are connected through the reaction column 12, the movable cross beam 8 slides on the reaction column 12, the upper cushion block 9 is arranged on the movable cross beam 8, the lower cushion block 11 is arranged on the lower reaction frame 13, and an ice crack rock test piece 10 is arranged between the upper cushion block 9 and the lower cushion block 11, as shown in fig. 5.
The microcomputer 1 and the electrohydraulic control system 16 are connected through an electrohydraulic control system transmission line 17, the uniaxial compressive strength transmission line 23 transmits data of the uniaxial compressive strength sensor 25 to the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2, the uniaxial compressive deformation transmission line 24 transmits data of the uniaxial compressive deformation sensor 28 to the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2, and the tester stress-strain acquisition system control line 20 is connected with the microcomputer 1 and the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2.
As shown in fig. 3, a temperature control box transmission line 18 connects the microcomputer 1 and the temperature control box 4, and a temperature sensor 6 is arranged inside the freeze-thawing environment test box 5.
The vertical fracture frost heave sensor 26 and the inclined fracture frost heave sensor 27 are arranged in an ice-containing fracture of a test piece for testing, the vertical fracture frost heave sensor 26 and the inclined fracture frost heave sensor 27 are connected to the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system 3 through a vertical frost heave sensor transmission line 21 and a horizontal frost heave sensor transmission line 22 respectively, and the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system 3 is connected with the microcomputer 1 through a frost heave force acquisition system control line 19.
The following description is made in connection with the specific implementation.
A rock specimen 10 with ice cracks was prepared for testing.
The microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system mainly tests different stress disturbance states, and is connected with a microcomputer 1 through an electrohydraulic control system transmission line 17 to control oil feeding and oil returning of the electrohydraulic servo system 16 so as to realize stress disturbance tests; transmitting data monitored by a uniaxial compressive strength sensor 25 to the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2 through a uniaxial compressive strength transmission line 23, and transmitting data monitored by a uniaxial compressive deformation sensor (extensometer) 28 through a uniaxial compressive deformation transmission line 24 to the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2; the uniaxial compressive strength and uniaxial compressive deformation of the rock test piece in the test process can be recorded in real time in a screen display manner through the connection of the microcomputer 1 and the uniaxial test data acquisition system 2 by the control line 20 of the stress-strain acquisition system of the tester.
The temperature of the freezing and thawing environment test box 5 can be controlled by connecting the microcomputer 1 with the temperature control box 4 through a temperature control box transmission line 18; the real temperature of the environment where the rock test piece is located in the test process can be recorded in real time through the temperature sensor 6 in a screen display mode.
During the test, the vertical crack frost heave sensor 26 and the inclined crack frost heave sensor 27 are arranged in the prefabricated ice-containing cracks of the rock test piece to measure frost heave force, the number of the sensors can be adjusted according to the number of the cracks, and the frost heave sensor is connected to the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system 3 through the vertical frost heave sensor transmission line 21 and the horizontal frost heave sensor transmission line 22 respectively; the frost heaving force of the ice-containing cracks of different rock test pieces in the real-time screen display test process can be achieved by connecting the microcomputer 1 with the frost heaving force sensor monitoring data acquisition system 3 through the frost heaving force acquisition system control line 19.
After the installation is completed, when the stress is loaded by 10MPa, a freeze-thawing force evolution curve obtained by testing is shown in fig. 6.
The three parts of the invention are mutually matched, and the temperature of the freeze thawing environment, the uniaxial compressive strength, the uniaxial compressive deformation and the frost heaving force of each ice-containing crack in the whole rock test piece process can be controlled and monitored in real time, so that the frost heaving force change characteristics of the ice-containing cracks under different stress disturbance actions and different crack forms are studied.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a rock mass contains ice crack frost heaving force evolution testing arrangement under stress disturbance effect which characterized in that: the microcomputer screen display electrohydraulic servo universal test system comprises a universal test machine and an electrohydraulic control system (16), the temperature control system comprises a freezing and thawing environment test box (5) and a temperature control box (4), the microcomputer screen display frozen and thawing force sensor monitoring system comprises a frozen and thawing environment test box (5), the temperature control box (4) and the electrohydraulic control system (16) are arranged outside the frozen and thawing environment test box (5), the electrohydraulic control system (16) controls the universal test machine, the frozen and thawing force sensor is arranged on the universal test machine, the microcomputer screen display frozen and thawing force sensor monitoring system specifically comprises a single-shaft test data acquisition system (2), a frozen and thawing force sensor monitoring data acquisition system (3), a microcomputer (1), a temperature sensor (6), the electrohydraulic control system (16), an electrohydraulic control system transmission line (17), a temperature control box transmission line (18), a frozen and thawing force acquisition system control line (19), a test machine stress-strain acquisition system control line (20), a vertical transmission line (21), a single-shaft force sensor (24), a single-shaft compression strength sensor (24) and a single-shaft transmission line (25) compression strength sensor (25) are arranged on the single-shaft transmission line A vertical fracture frost heave sensor (26), an oblique fracture frost heave sensor (27) and a uniaxial compression deformation sensor (28); the microcomputer (1) is connected with the electrohydraulic control system (16) through an electrohydraulic control system transmission line (17), the uniaxial compressive strength transmission line (23) transmits data of the uniaxial compressive strength sensor (25) to the uniaxial test data acquisition system (2), the uniaxial compressive deformation transmission line (24) transmits data of the uniaxial compressive deformation sensor (28) to the uniaxial test data acquisition system (2), and the stress-strain acquisition system control line (20) of the tester is connected with the microcomputer (1) and the uniaxial test data acquisition system (2); the temperature control box transmission line (18) is connected with the microcomputer (1) and the temperature control box (4), and the temperature sensor (6) is arranged at the inner side of the freezing and thawing environment test box (5); the vertical fracture frost heave sensor (26) and the oblique fracture frost heave sensor (27) are arranged in an ice-containing fracture of a test piece for testing, the vertical fracture frost heave sensor (26) and the oblique fracture frost heave sensor (27) are connected to the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system (3) through a vertical frost heave sensor transmission line (21) and a transverse frost heave sensor transmission line (22) respectively, and the frost heave sensor monitoring data acquisition system (3) is connected with the microcomputer (1) through a frost heave force acquisition system control line (19);
the universal testing machine comprises an upper counter-force frame (7), a movable cross beam (8), an upper cushion block (9), a lower cushion block (11), a counter-force column (12), a lower counter-force frame (13), a base (14) and a base cushion block (15), wherein the base cushion block (15) is installed below the base (14), the upper counter-force frame (7), the movable cross beam (8) and the lower counter-force frame (13) are installed on the base (14), the upper counter-force frame (7) and the lower counter-force frame (13) are connected through the counter-force column (12), the movable cross beam (8) slides on the counter-force column (12), the upper cushion block (9) is arranged on the movable cross beam (8), the lower cushion block (11) is arranged on the lower counter-force frame (13), and the upper cushion block (9) and the lower cushion block (11) are used for placing a rock test piece (10) with ice cracks.
2. The device for testing the evolution of ice-containing crack and frost heaving force of a rock mass under the action of stress disturbance according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises the following components: the uniaxial compression deformation sensor (28) is a extensometer.
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| CN112903453B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | Tensile capability testing device and method under inclined goaf multi-row group column disturbance load |
| CN113109173A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-13 | 绍兴文理学院 | Test device for testing shear strength of frost heaving of rock ice-containing fracture |
| CN113433292A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | System and method for testing evolution of microstructure of discrete sample under freeze-thaw cycle action |
| CN115078121B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 太原理工大学 | Indirect visual rock multi-cluster fracturing indoor test device and method |
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