CN111153573A - Comprehensive treatment system and method for oily sludge - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment system and method for oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111153573A CN111153573A CN202010087191.5A CN202010087191A CN111153573A CN 111153573 A CN111153573 A CN 111153573A CN 202010087191 A CN202010087191 A CN 202010087191A CN 111153573 A CN111153573 A CN 111153573A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/002—Sludge treatment using liquids immiscible with water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to a comprehensive treatment system and a method for oily sludge, wherein the treatment system comprises an oily sludge pretreatment device and a pyrolysis incineration combined device which are sequentially communicated; the oily sludge pretreatment device comprises an oily sludge tank, a tank bottom oily sludge tank, a floor oily sludge tank, a solvent circulating tank, a solvent modification device, a solid-liquid separation device, an electric desalting device, a solvent recovery unit, a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality separation unit and a solid residue drying desolventizing device; the pyrolysis and incineration combined device comprises a feeding belt conveyor, a first gas locking feeder, a second gas locking feeder, a double-screw conveyor, an external heating type pyrolysis furnace, a burner, a rotary incinerator and an oil recovery processing device; compared with the prior art, the oily sludge is utilized in a gradient manner, and the pyrolysis incineration module is arranged, so that crude oil in the recovered sludge can be completely extracted, and thorough treatment can be ensured, and reduction, harmlessness and recycling to the maximum extent are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, in particular to a comprehensive treatment system and method for oily sludge.
Background
The oily sludge is one of oily solid pollutants generated in the processes of crude oil exploitation, petroleum refining and transportation and sewage treatment, and has the characteristics of stable chemical property, complex and variable components, high oil content, few comprehensive utilization modes, high treatment difficulty and the like, which are always listed as one of the pollutants to be treated urgently by petroleum-related enterprises. The production of the oil sludge mainly comprises tank bottom oil sludge produced by a settling tank, a storage tank, a sewage tank, pool bottom sludge and the like; oil sludge to the ground generated by crude oil extraction, downhole operation, etc.; and oil sludge produced by crude oil refining in an oil refinery and sewage treatment in a sewage plant.
The main components of the oily sludge are crude oil, water and sludge, and the oil content is usually between 10 and 50 percent. It is estimated that the oil sludge produced in China is nearly 300 ten thousand tons every year, and the crude oil resource contained in the oil sludge is about 60 ten thousand tons. The oil-containing sludge contains a large amount of odorous toxic substances such as benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and the like, but the substances are also crude oil components. The oily sludge is not only waste produced in the production process of oil fields, but also a resource, and if the oily sludge is not treated, the oily sludge can not only pollute the environment, but also cause the waste of resources.
The treatment of oily sludge has been a major problem in oil fields. For many years, the oil sludge treatment mode of oil field areas in China is basically waste oil pit landfill, irregular waste and treatment processes exist, and great hidden danger of environmental pollution exists. If the appropriate technical means is adopted to carry out harmless treatment and residual oil recovery on the oily sludge, certain economic benefit can be generated, the pollution can be reduced, and great environmental benefit and social benefit are brought.
The common treatment and disposal technology of the oily sludge comprises the following steps: the methods of extraction, incineration, thermochemical washing, pyrolysis desorption, etc. are insufficient in that one process is singly adopted in view of comprehensive comparison of investment and operation costs, treatment scale, treatment effect, etc., and therefore, it is necessary to develop an oil sludge treatment apparatus capable of meeting more stringent standards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of the single treatment process of the existing oily sludge, and provides a comprehensive treatment system for the oily sludge so as to achieve the purpose of improving the operation effect and the economic benefit of the oily sludge treatment technology.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the application provides an oily sludge comprehensive treatment system, which comprises an oily sludge pretreatment device and a pyrolysis incineration combined device which are sequentially communicated; the oily sludge pretreatment device comprises an oily sludge tank, a tank bottom oily sludge tank, a floor oily sludge tank, a solvent circulating tank, a solvent modification device, a solid-liquid separation device, an electric desalting device, a solvent recovery unit, a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality separation unit and a solid residue drying desolventizing device; the oil-containing sludge tank, the tank bottom oil sludge tank, the floor oil sludge tank and the solvent circulating tank are respectively communicated with the solvent modifying device, the solvent modifying device is respectively communicated with the electric desalting device and the solid slag drying desolventizing device through a solid-liquid separating device, the electric desalting device is communicated with the solvent recovering unit, the solvent recovering unit is respectively communicated with the hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit and the solvent circulating tank, the hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit is communicated with the solvent circulating tank, and the solid slag drying desolventizing device is communicated with the solvent circulating tank; the pyrolysis and incineration combined device comprises a feeding belt conveyor, a first gas locking feeder, a second gas locking feeder, a double-screw conveyor, an external heating type pyrolysis furnace, a burner, a rotary incinerator and an oil recovery processing device; the feeding port and the discharging port of the double-helix material conveying machine are respectively communicated with the first air locking feeder and the second air locking feeder, the tail end of the feeding belt conveyor is arranged at the feeding end of the first air locking feeder, the double-helix material conveying machine is fixedly arranged in an inner cylinder of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace, and the tail end of the double-helix material conveying machine is communicated with the oil recovery processing device; the initial end of the feeding belt conveyor is connected with a solid residue drying and desolventizing device of the oily sludge pretreatment device; and an air inlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the rotary incinerator, one side of the rotary incinerator is communicated with the burner, and the other side of the rotary incinerator is communicated with the second air locking feeder.
Wherein, the flow direction of the flue gas in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace is opposite to the conveying direction of the double-helix material conveyer.
Wherein, the feed end of first lock gas batcher is provided with the feeder hopper.
Wherein, the pyrolysis incineration combination device further comprises a flue gas purification device, and the flue gas purification device is communicated with a gas outlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace.
The application also provides a comprehensive treatment method of the oily sludge, which comprises the following steps: step A, modifying the oil sludge, namely conveying the oil sludge in an oil-containing sludge tank, a tank bottom oil sludge tank and a floor oil sludge tank and a naphtha fraction solvent in a solvent circulating tank into a solvent modifying device, and dissolving and diluting an oil phase by utilizing the characteristic of similar and compatible solvents, so that the oil phase originally fixed in the oil sludge is transferred to a liquid phase of the solvent through leaching; step B, dewatering and impurity removing, namely conveying the modified oil sludge in the step A into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid two-phase separation, allowing a liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation to enter an electric desalting device and removing water and solid phase residues remained in an oil agent mixture, allowing a solid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation to enter a solid residue drying and desolventizing device for drying treatment, and conveying the solid phase to a pyrolysis incineration module; and step C, solvent recovery, namely, carrying out heat exchange on the oil agent mixture subjected to desalting and dewatering by the electric desalting device in the step B to 160 ℃, then, enabling the oil agent mixture to enter a solvent recovery unit, carrying out solvent evaporation and vaporization and separation on the dissolved oil phase in the solvent recovery unit, carrying out heat exchange on solvent steam and the oil agent mixture, then, cooling and condensing the solvent steam, enabling the solvent steam and the oil agent mixture to enter a solvent circulation tank, enabling the reclaimed oil in the solvent recovery unit to enter a hydrogenation device to recover oil quality separation unit step D, carrying out pyrolysis incineration, carrying out solvent modification pretreatment on the oily sludge in the step B, conveying the oily sludge into an external heating type pyrolysis furnace through an oily sludge feeding belt conveyor for pyrolysis desorption to obtain reclaimed oil, continuously conveying the residual oily sludge into a rotary type incinerator for incineration to generate high-temperature flue gas, and using the generated high-temperature flue.
And D, in the step D, a space for high-temperature flue gas to flow is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace, the temperature in the space is 450-600 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the oil sludge in the double-helix material conveying machine.
And D, in the step D, the flow direction of the flue gas in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace is opposite to the material conveying direction of the double-helix material conveyor.
In the step D, the rotary incinerator adopts a mixing heat exchange mode, and the materials are directly contacted with the high-temperature flue gas, so that the combustible materials in the materials are quickly burnt out.
And D, completely burning the materials containing trace amounts of oil hydrocarbon and carbon in the rotary incinerator, wherein the temperature of the flue gas in the rotary incinerator is 850-1100 ℃.
And D, arranging a burner at one end of the rotary incinerator, and providing a supplementary heat source for the rotary incinerator and the external heating type pyrolysis furnace when the calorific value of the oily sludge in the rotary incinerator is low, wherein the fuel in the burner is natural gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the existing oily sludge treatment technology, the oily sludge comprehensive treatment system has the advantages that firstly, oily sludge is pretreated through the oily sludge pretreatment device, and the oily sludge is recycled by solvent extraction, so that the requirement on the development of circular economy is met; secondly, this application realizes the oily sludge cascade utilization, through setting up the pyrolysis and burns the module, can all refine the crude oil in the recovery mud, can guarantee again to handle thoroughly, and the mud heat ignition loss rate after the processing is close to zero to realize furthest reduction, innoxious and resourceization.
Compared with the prior art, the comprehensive treatment method for the oily sludge can not only completely refine and recover crude oil in the sludge, but also ensure thorough treatment, and the thermal ignition loss rate of the treated sludge is close to zero, so that the reduction, harmlessness and reclamation to the maximum extent are realized, and the defects of technical feasibility and economy brought by single process treatment are avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the comprehensive treatment system for oily sludge in this embodiment.
Reference numerals: 1-an oil sludge tank, 2-a tank bottom oil sludge tank, 3-a floor oil sludge tank, 4-a solvent circulating tank, 5-a solvent modifying device, 6-a solid-liquid separating device, 7-an electric desalting device, 8-a solvent recovering unit, 9-a hydrogenation device recovering oil quality separating unit, 10-solid residue drying and desolventizing, 11-an oil sludge feeding belt machine, 12-a feeding hopper, 13 a-a first air locking feeding machine, 13 b-a second air locking feeding machine, 14-a double-screw material conveying machine, 15-an external heating type pyrolysis furnace, 16-a burner, 17-a rotary type incinerator, 18-an oil recovery processing device and 19-a flue gas purifying device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
According to the specific embodiment of the comprehensive treatment system for oily sludge, as shown in fig. 1, the treatment system comprises an oily sludge treatment device and a pyrolysis and incineration combined device which are sequentially communicated.
In this embodiment, the oily sludge treatment device comprises an oily sludge tank 1, a tank bottom oil sludge tank 2, a landing oil sludge tank 3, a solvent circulation tank 4, a solvent modification device 5, a solid-liquid separation device 6, an electric desalting device 7, a solvent recovery unit 8, a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality separation unit 9 and a solid residue drying and desolventizing device 10; the oil-containing sludge tank 1, the tank bottom oil sludge tank 2, the floor oil sludge tank 3 and the solvent circulating tank 4 are respectively communicated with a solvent modifying device 5, the solvent modifying device 5 is respectively communicated with an electric desalting device 7 and a solid slag drying desolventizing device 10 through a solid-liquid separating device 6, the electric desalting device 7 is communicated with a solvent recovering unit 8, the solvent recovering unit 8 is respectively communicated with a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality-dividing unit 9 and the solvent circulating tank 4, the hydrogenation device recovered oil quality-dividing unit 9 is communicated with the solvent circulating tank 4, and the solid slag drying desolventizing device 10 is communicated with the solvent circulating tank 4.
In this embodiment, the pyrolysis and incineration combined device comprises a feeding belt conveyor, a first air-lock feeder 13a, a second air-lock feeder 13b, a double-screw conveyor 14, an external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, a burner 16, a rotary incinerator 17 and an oil recovery and treatment device 18. A feeding hole and a discharging hole of the double-helix material conveyor 14 are respectively communicated with a first air locking feeder 13a and a second air locking feeder 13b, the tail end of the feeding belt conveyor is arranged at the feeding end of the first air locking feeder 13a, the double-helix material conveyor 14 is fixedly arranged in an inner cylinder of an external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, and the tail end of the double-helix material conveyor 14 is communicated with an oil recovery processing device 18. The initial end of the feeding belt conveyor is connected with a solid residue drying and desolventizing device 10 of the oily sludge treatment device; an air inlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15 is communicated with a rotary incinerator 17, one side of the rotary incinerator 17 is communicated with a burner 16, and the other side of the rotary incinerator 17 is communicated with a second air locking feeder 13 b. The feeding end of the first airlock feeder 13a is provided with a feeding hopper.
In this embodiment, the flow direction of the flue gas in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15 is opposite to the conveying direction of the double-screw conveyor 14. The high-temperature flue gas and the materials are in a countercurrent and indirect heat exchange mode, and the oil sludge is stirred and moved forwards in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, so that the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.
In this embodiment, the pyrolysis incineration combined device further comprises a flue gas purification device 19, and the flue gas purification device 19 is communicated with the gas outlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15.
Compared with the existing oily sludge treatment technology, the oily sludge comprehensive treatment system has the advantages that firstly, oily sludge is pretreated through the oily sludge pretreatment device, and the oily sludge is recycled by solvent extraction, so that the requirement on the development of circular economy is met; secondly, this application realizes the oily sludge cascade utilization, through setting up the pyrolysis and burns the module, can all refine the crude oil in the recovery mud, can guarantee again to handle thoroughly, and the mud heat ignition loss rate after the processing is close to zero to realize furthest reduction, innoxious and resourceization.
The specific implementation mode of the comprehensive treatment method of the oily sludge comprises the following steps: and step A, modifying the oil sludge, namely conveying the oil sludge in the oil-containing sludge tank 1, the tank bottom oil sludge tank 2 and the floor oil sludge tank 3 and the naphtha fraction solvent in the solvent circulating tank 4 to a solvent modifying device 5, and dissolving and diluting the oil phase by utilizing the characteristic that the solvent is similar to and compatible with each other, so that the oil phase originally fixed in the oil sludge is transferred to the liquid phase of the solvent through leaching. And step B, dewatering and impurity removing, namely conveying the modified oil sludge in the step A into a solid-liquid separation device 6 for solid-liquid two-phase separation, feeding a liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation into an electric desalting device 7, removing water and solid phase residues remained in an oil agent mixture (the content of salt in the oil after dewatering is less than 2ppm, the content of water in the oil after dewatering is less than 0.15 percent, and impurities in the oil after dewatering is less than 0.1 percent), feeding a solid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation into a solid residue drying and desolventizing device 10 for drying treatment, and conveying the solid phase to a pyrolysis incineration module. And step C, solvent recovery, namely, carrying out heat exchange on the oil mixture subjected to desalting and dewatering by the electric desalting device 7 in the step B to 160 ℃, then, enabling the oil mixture to enter a solvent recovery unit 8, carrying out solvent evaporation and vaporization in the solvent recovery unit 8 to separate from the dissolved oil phase, carrying out heat exchange on solvent steam and the oil mixture, then, cooling and condensing, enabling the solvent steam and the oil mixture to enter a solvent circulation tank 4, and enabling the regenerated oil in the solvent recovery unit 8 to enter a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit 9. And D, pyrolyzing and incinerating, namely after the oily sludge in the step B is subjected to solvent modification pretreatment, conveying the oily sludge to an external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15 through an oily sludge feeding belt conveyor 11 through a double-screw conveyor 14, performing pyrolysis and desorption to obtain regenerated oil, continuously feeding the residual oily sludge into a rotary incinerator 17 to be incinerated to generate high-temperature flue gas, and using the generated high-temperature flue gas as a heat source required by pyrolysis of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15.
In the step D, a space for high-temperature flue gas to flow through is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, the temperature in the space is 450-600 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the oil sludge in the double-helix material conveyor 14. The oil sludge is pyrolyzed under the condition of isolating air, so that oil hydrocarbon organic matters are volatilized and separated out, simultaneously, moisture in the sludge is evaporated and separated out, and an oil-gas mixture separated out by pyrolysis is collected into the oil recovery processing device 18.
In the step D, the flow direction of the flue gas in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15 is opposite to the material conveying direction of the double-screw conveyor 14. The high-temperature flue gas and the materials are in a countercurrent and indirect heat exchange mode, and the oil sludge is stirred and moved forwards in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, so that the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.
In the step D, the rotary incinerator 17 adopts a mixing heat exchange mode, and the materials are directly contacted with the high-temperature flue gas, so that the combustible materials in the materials are quickly burned out. In addition, the material from the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15 contains trace amount of oil hydrocarbon and carbon, the combustion is complete in the rotary type incinerator 17, the temperature of the flue gas in the rotary type incinerator 17 is between 850 ℃ and 1100 ℃, and the thermal ignition reduction rate of the discharged ash slag is close to zero.
In the step D, a burner 16 is disposed at one end of the rotary incinerator 17, when the calorific value of the oily sludge in the rotary incinerator 17 is low, the burner 16 provides a supplementary heat source for the rotary incinerator 17 and the external heating type pyrolysis furnace 15, the fuel in the burner 16 is natural gas, the combustion temperature is about 900 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the kiln tail is about 600 ℃. The noncondensable gas containing a small amount of VOC discharged from the oil recovery processing device 18 is sent to the combustor 16, and is not discharged as part of air required for combustion. Finally, the ash and slag discharged from the rotary incinerator 17 are cooled and transported to the outside as building materials or roadbed materials.
The comprehensive treatment method for the oily sludge can not only completely refine the crude oil in the recovered sludge, but also ensure thorough treatment, and the thermal ignition loss rate of the treated sludge is close to zero, so that the reduction, harmlessness and reclamation are realized to the maximum extent, and the technical feasibility and economic defects brought by single process treatment are avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an oily sludge comprehensive treatment system which characterized in that: comprises an oily sludge pretreatment device and a pyrolysis incineration combined device which are sequentially communicated;
the oily sludge pretreatment device comprises an oily sludge tank (1), a tank bottom oily sludge tank (2), a ground oily sludge tank (3), a solvent circulating tank (4), a solvent modification device (5), a solid-liquid separation device (6), an electric desalting device (7), a solvent recovery unit (8), a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality-grading unit (9) and a solid residue drying and desolventizing device (10);
the oil-containing sludge tank (1), the tank bottom oil sludge tank (2), the landing oil sludge tank (3) and the solvent circulating tank (4) are respectively communicated with the solvent modifying device (5), the solvent modifying device (5) is respectively communicated with the electric desalting device (7) and the solid residue drying and desolventizing device (10) through the solid-liquid separating device (6), the electric desalting device (7) is communicated with the solvent recovery unit (8), the solvent recovery unit (8) is respectively communicated with the hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit (9) and the solvent circulating tank (4), the hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit (9) is communicated with the solvent circulating tank (4), and the solid residue drying and desolventizing device (10) is communicated with the solvent circulating tank (4);
the pyrolysis incineration combined device comprises a feeding belt conveyor (11), a first gas locking feeder (13a), a second gas locking feeder (13b), a double-screw conveyor (14), an external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15), a burner (16), a rotary incinerator (17) and an oil recovery treatment device (18);
a feeding hole and a discharging hole of the double-helix material conveyor (14) are respectively communicated with a first air locking feeder (13a) and a second air locking feeder (13b), the tail end of the feeding belt conveyor (11) is arranged at the feeding end of the first air locking feeder (13a), the double-helix material conveyor (14) is fixedly arranged in an inner cylinder of an external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15), and the tail end of the double-helix material conveyor (14) is communicated with an oil recovery processing device (18);
the starting end of the feeding belt conveyor (11) is connected with a solid residue drying desolventizing device (10) of the oily sludge pretreatment device;
an air inlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15) is communicated with the rotary incinerator (17), one side of the rotary incinerator (17) is communicated with the combustor (16), and the other side of the rotary incinerator (17) is communicated with the second air locking feeder (13 b).
2. The comprehensive treatment system for oily sludge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the flow direction of the flue gas in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15) is opposite to the conveying direction of the double-helix material conveyor (14).
3. The comprehensive treatment system for oily sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that: the feeding end of the first air-locking feeder (13a) is provided with a feeding hopper (12).
4. The comprehensive treatment system for oily sludge according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pyrolysis incineration combined device further comprises a flue gas purification device (19), and the flue gas purification device (19) is communicated with a gas outlet of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15).
5. The comprehensive treatment method of the oily sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, modifying the oil sludge, namely conveying the oil sludge in an oil-containing sludge tank (1), a tank bottom oil sludge tank (2), an oil sludge in a landing oil sludge tank (3) and a naphtha fraction solvent in a solvent circulating tank (4) to a solvent modifying device (5), and dissolving and diluting an oil phase by utilizing the characteristic of similar and compatible solvents, so that the oil phase originally fixed in the oil sludge is transferred to the liquid phase of the solvent through leaching;
step B, dewatering and impurity removing, namely conveying the modified oil sludge in the step A into a solid-liquid separation device (6) for solid-liquid two-phase separation, feeding a liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation into an electric desalting device (7) and removing water and solid phase residues remained in an oil agent mixture, and feeding a solid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation into a solid residue drying and desolventizing device (10) for drying treatment and conveying the dried solid phase to a pyrolysis incineration module;
step C, solvent recovery, namely, enabling the oil agent mixture desalted and dehydrated by the electric desalting device (7) in the step B to enter a solvent recovery unit (8) after heat exchange to 160 ℃, enabling the solvent to be evaporated and vaporized in the solvent recovery unit (8) and be separated from the dissolved oil phase, enabling solvent steam to be cooled and condensed after heat exchange with the oil agent mixture, enabling the solvent steam to enter a solvent circulation tank (4), and enabling the regenerated oil in the solvent recovery unit (8) to enter a hydrogenation device recovered oil quality grading unit (9);
d, pyrolysis incineration, namely after the oily sludge in the step B is subjected to solvent modification pretreatment, conveying the oily sludge to an external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15) through an oily sludge feeding belt conveyor (11) through a double-screw conveyor (14) to be subjected to internal pyrolysis and desorption to obtain regenerated oil, continuously feeding the residual oily sludge into a rotary type incinerator (17) to be incinerated to generate high-temperature flue gas, and using the generated high-temperature flue gas as a heat source required by pyrolysis of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15).
6. The comprehensive treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step D, a space for high-temperature flue gas to flow through is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15), the temperature in the space is 450-600 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the oil sludge in the double-helix material conveying machine (14).
7. The comprehensive treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step D, the flow direction of the smoke in the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15) is opposite to the material conveying direction of the double-helix material conveyor (14).
8. The comprehensive treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step D, the rotary incinerator (17) adopts a mixing heat exchange mode, and the materials are directly contacted with the high-temperature flue gas, so that the combustible materials in the materials are quickly burnt out.
9. The comprehensive treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step D, the materials discharged from the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15) contain trace amounts of oil hydrocarbon and carbon, and are completely combusted in the rotary type incinerator (17), and the temperature of flue gas in the rotary type incinerator (17) is 850-1100 ℃.
10. The comprehensive treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step D, a burner (16) is arranged at one end of the rotary incinerator (17), when the calorific value of the oily sludge in the rotary incinerator (17) is low, the burner (16) provides a supplementary heat source for the rotary incinerator (17) and the external heating type pyrolysis furnace (15), and the fuel in the burner (16) is natural gas.
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