CN111151766A - Rapid synthesis method of multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters with controllable emission wavelength - Google Patents

Rapid synthesis method of multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters with controllable emission wavelength Download PDF

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CN111151766A
CN111151766A CN201911336195.6A CN201911336195A CN111151766A CN 111151766 A CN111151766 A CN 111151766A CN 201911336195 A CN201911336195 A CN 201911336195A CN 111151766 A CN111151766 A CN 111151766A
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fluorescent gold
wavelength
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synthesizing
controllable
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CN111151766B (en
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文茜
孔德莉
罗思
罗伟濠
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B22F9/18Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
    • B22F9/24Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/58Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing copper, silver or gold

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid synthesis method of a multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster with controllable emission wavelength, which is characterized in that a fluorescent metal nanocluster with adjustable emission wavelength is obtained by adjusting the pH value of a synthesis system.

Description

Rapid synthesis method of multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters with controllable emission wavelength
Technical Field
The invention relates to a synthesis method of a fluorescent gold nano-cluster, in particular to a rapid synthesis method of a multicolor fluorescent gold nano-cluster with controllable emission wavelength.
Background
Fluorescent metal nanoclusters, typically consisting of a few to tens of atoms and less than 2nm in size, have unique physical, chemical and optical properties. The excellent properties of the fluorescent metal nanocluster enable the fluorescent metal nanocluster to be widely applied to the fields of cell imaging, catalysis, sensing and the like. Over the past decade, a number of templates, such as DNA, amino acids, polymers, proteins, etc., have been successfully used in the synthesis of nanoclusters.
The gold nanocluster is a relatively stable nanostructure composed of several to dozens of metal atoms, is an important part of metal nanomaterials due to unique specificity, has excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, stability and unique fluorescence performance compared with other fluorescent probes such as fluorescent protein, small-molecule fluorescent dye and the like, and becomes a novel fluorescent nanomaterial which attracts attention and has development potential in the fields of environment, chemistry, biological imaging, biological detection and the like.
At present, most of synthesized fluorescent metal nanoclusters only have one color, and reports on multicolor fluorescent metal nanoclusters are few. The main approaches for synthesizing the multicolor fluorescent metal nanoclusters are as follows: changing the components and proportions of the reaction solution, the order of reagent addition, addition of other ligands, use of organic solvents, and the like. These methods generally have the disadvantages of complicated experimental procedures, complicated conditions optimization procedures, and the possibility of using toxic reagents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provide a rapid synthesis method of the multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster with controllable emission wavelength, simple operation, low cost, environmental protection and high fluorescence intensity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a rapid synthesis method of a multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster with controllable emission wavelength comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chloroauric acid solution with methanol, and adding DNA oligonucleotide solution to obtain mixed solution with final concentration of 0.1-10 μ M/L;
(2) adding 3-mercaptopropionic acid into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under a stirring state to obtain a mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.05-5 mu M/L;
(3) adding a sodium borohydride solution prepared by ice water into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to obtain a mixed solution with the final concentration of 5-500nM/L, and carrying out reduction reaction under a stirring state to obtain a reaction solution;
(4) and (4) regulating the pH value of the mixed solution obtained in the step (3) to be 0-14 by using concentrated HCl and saturated NaOH solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster.
Further, in the step (1), the concentration of the chloroauric acid solution is 0.1-5mM/L, and the volume ratio of the chloroauric acid solution to the methanol is 1: 1-1.5.
Further, in the step (1), the DNA oligonucleotide template in the DNA oligonucleotide solution is designed to have 6 to 20C bases at the 5' end.
Further, in the step (1), the volume ratio of the DNA oligonucleotide solution to the chloroauric acid solution is 10-4-10-2∶1。
Further, in the step (3), the synthesis reaction temperature is 20 to 40 ℃, preferably 25 ℃.
Further, in the step (3), the ice water is ultrapure water at 0-4 ℃.
Further, in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 1, the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster has the maximum excitation wavelength of 375nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 485nm, and belongs to a green fluorescent gold nanocluster.
Further, in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 3-4, the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster has the maximum excitation wavelength of 280nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 325nm, and belongs to the purple fluorescent gold nanocluster.
Further, in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 6-7, the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster has the maximum excitation wavelength of 350nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 580nm, and belongs to red fluorescent gold nanoclusters.
Further, in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 8-10, the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster has the maximum excitation wavelength of 370nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 430nm, and belongs to a blue fluorescent gold nanocluster.
Further, in the step (4), the blending is performed for 30-90s by using a vortex oscillator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the reaction process of synthesizing the gold nanocluster by taking the DNA oligonucleotide as a template, the synthesis of the multi-wavelength adjustable fluorescent gold nanocluster is realized only by adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution; the synthesis process is very simple and quick, and only needs about 20 minutes; compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simple and rapid steps, environmental protection, high fluorescence intensity and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of pH =1 on the fluorescence intensity of a fluorescent gold nanocluster in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph of the effect of different pH values (pH =5 and pH = 8) on the fluorescence intensity of a fluorescent gold nanocluster in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph of the effect of different pH values (pH =2, pH =4, and pH = 7) on the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent gold nanoclusters of example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures.
The chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available in a conventional manner.
Examples
The embodiment synthesizes the gold nanocluster with green emission wavelength, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) at room temperature, 1000. mu.L of 0.2mM/L chloroauric acid (HAuCl)4) Mixing the aqueous solution with methanol of the same volume, adding 200 μ L of 5 μ M/L DNA oligonucleotide solution with C12 as template to obtain mixed solution with final concentration of 0.45 μ M/L;
(2) adding 150 mu L of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) with the volume fraction of 25% into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under the stirring of a magnetic stirrer with the rotation speed of 1200 revolutions per minute to obtain the mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.42 mu M/L;
(3) adding 150 mu L of sodium borohydride (NaBH) prepared from 1mM/L fresh ice water into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2)4) Obtaining a mixed solution with a final concentration of 0.4 mu M/L, and carrying out reduction reaction under a stirring stateA reaction solution was obtained.
(4) Adjusting the reaction solution obtained in the step (3) with concentrated HCl and saturated NaOH solution to obtain a reaction solution with pH value =1, and then uniformly mixing the reaction solution with a vortex oscillator for 60 s; a gold nanocluster of violet emission wavelength is obtained.
Referring to fig. 1, the reaction solution with pH of 1 has a maximum excitation wavelength of 375nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 485nm by reacting the obtained gold nanoclusters.
The C12 aptamer sequence is used as a template for gold nanocluster synthesis in the embodiment; the specific sequence is as follows: 5' -CCC CCC CCC CCC;
example 2
In this embodiment, two gold nanoclusters with different emission wavelengths are synthesized, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) at room temperature, 1000. mu.L of 5mM/L chloroauric acid (HAuCl)4) Mixing the aqueous solution with methanol of the same volume, adding 200 μ L of 5 μ M/L DNA oligonucleotide solution using aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1) aptamer (DNA) as template to obtain mixed solution with final concentration of 0.45 μ M/L;
(2) adding 150 mu L of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) with the volume fraction of 25% into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under the stirring of a magnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 1500 rpm to obtain the mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.42 mu M/L;
(3) adding 150 mu L of sodium borohydride (NaBH) prepared from 1mM/L fresh ice water into the synthetic reaction solution obtained in the step (2)4) Obtaining a mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.4 mu M/L, and carrying out reduction reaction under the stirring state to obtain a synthetic reaction solution;
(4) adjusting the step (3) with concentrated HCl and saturated NaOH solutions to obtain a synthetic reaction solution with a pH value =5 and a synthetic reaction solution with a pH value =8 respectively, and then uniformly mixing the solutions for 60s by using a vortex oscillator; so as to obtain the gold nanoclusters with two different excitation wavelengths and emission wavelengths.
Referring to fig. 2, when the reaction solution with pH of 5 is reacted to obtain gold nanoclusters, the maximum excitation wavelength is 350nm, and the maximum emission wavelength is 580 nm; the maximum excitation wavelength of the reaction solution with the pH value of 8 obtained by the reaction of the obtained gold nanoclusters is 370nm, and the maximum emission wavelength is 430 nm.
In the oligonucleotide DNA solution using the nucleic acid aptamer (DNA) of aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1) as a template in the embodiment, an oligonucleotide DNA chain is designed and synthesized on the basis of the nucleic acid aptamer sequence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1) and is used as a template for gold nanocluster synthesis; the specific sequence is as follows: 5' -CCC CCC CCC CCC AAA AAAGTT GGG CAC GTG TTG TCT CTC TGT GTC TCG TGC CCT TCG CTA GGC CC-3'; the aptamer sequence targeting AFB1 is underlined, and at the 5' end is a C-rich sequence (C12);
the application comprises the following steps: and (4) applying the gold nanoclusters obtained in the step (4) to construction of an aptamer-based biosensor for quantitative detection of aflatoxin B1.
Example 3
In this embodiment, three gold nanoclusters with different emission wavelengths are synthesized, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) at room temperature, 1000. mu.L of 2mM/L chloroauric acid (HAuCl)4) Mixing the aqueous solution with methanol of the same volume, adding 200 μ L5 μ M/L DNA oligonucleotide solution with Ochratoxin (OTA) aptamer (DNA) as template to obtain mixed solution with final concentration of 0.45 μ M/L;
(2) adding 150 mu L of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) with the volume fraction of 25% into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under the stirring of a magnetic stirrer with the rotating speed of 1500 rpm to obtain the mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.42 mu M/L;
(3) adding 150 mu L of sodium borohydride (NaBH) prepared by 1mM/L fresh ice water into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2)4) Obtaining a mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.4 mu M/L by using the solution, and carrying out reduction reaction under the stirring state to obtain a reaction solution;
(4) adjusting the reaction solution obtained in the step (3) with concentrated HCl and saturated NaOH solution to obtain a reaction solution with pH value =2, a reaction solution with pH value =4 and a reaction solution with pH value =7 respectively, and then uniformly mixing for 60s with a vortex oscillator; three gold nanoclusters with different excitation and emission wavelengths are obtained.
Referring to fig. 3, when the gold nanoclusters obtained by reacting the synthesis reaction solution having a pH of 2 have a maximum excitation wavelength of 280nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 325 nm. The maximum excitation wavelength of the synthetic reaction solution with the pH value of 4 obtained by reacting the obtained gold nanoclusters is 370nm, and the maximum emission wavelength is 430 nm; the maximum excitation wavelength of the gold nanocluster obtained by reacting the synthetic reaction solution with the pH value of 7 is 350nm, and the maximum emission wavelength is 580 nm.
In the oligonucleotide DNA solution using Ochratoxin (OTA) aptamer (DNA) as a template in this example, based on Ochratoxin (OTA) aptamer sequence, oligonucleotide DNA strands were designed and synthesized as templates for gold nanocluster synthesis. The specific sequence is as follows: 5' CCC CCC CCC CCC AAA AAAGAT CGG GTG TGG GTG GCG TAA AGG GAGCAT CGG ACA-3'; the aptamer sequence targeting OTA is underlined and at the 5' end is a C-rich sequence (C12).
The application comprises the following steps: the gold nanoclusters obtained in the step (4) can be applied to construction of an aptamer-based biosensor for quantitative detection of Ochratoxin (OTA).

Claims (10)

1. A rapid synthesis method of a multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster with controllable emission wavelength is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chloroauric acid solution with methanol, and adding DNA oligonucleotide solution to obtain mixed solution with final concentration of 0.1-10 μ M/L;
(2) adding 3-mercaptopropionic acid into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under a stirring state to obtain a mixed solution with the final concentration of 0.05-5 mu M/L;
(3) adding a sodium borohydride solution prepared by ice water into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) to obtain a mixed solution with the final concentration of 5-500nM/L, and carrying out reduction reaction under a stirring state to obtain a reaction solution;
(4) and (4) regulating the pH value of the reaction solution obtained in the step (3) by using concentrated HCl and saturated NaOH solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanocluster.
2. The method for synthesizing wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the concentration of the chloroauric acid solution is 0.1-5mM/L, and the volume ratio of the chloroauric acid solution to the methanol is 1: 1-1.5.
3. The method for synthesizing the pH-adjusted wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the DNA oligonucleotide template in the DNA oligonucleotide solution is designed to have 6 to 20C bases at the 5' end.
4. The method for synthesizing wavelength controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: in the step (1), the volume ratio of the DNA oligonucleotide solution to the chloroauric acid solution is 10-4-10-2∶1。
5. The method for synthesizing wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: in the step (4), the synthesis reaction temperature is 20-40 ℃, preferably 25 ℃.
6. The method for synthesizing wavelength controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 1, the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster has the maximum excitation wavelength of 375nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 485nm, and belongs to a green fluorescent gold nanocluster.
7. The method for synthesizing wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 3-4, the maximum excitation wavelength of the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster is 280nm, the maximum emission wavelength is 325nm, and the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster belongs to a purple fluorescent gold nanocluster.
8. The method for synthesizing wavelength controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 6-7, the maximum excitation wavelength of the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster is 350nm, the maximum emission wavelength is 580nm, and the fluorescent gold nanocluster belongs to a red fluorescent gold nanocluster.
9. The method for synthesizing wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: in the step (4), when the pH value of the reaction solution is 8-10, the maximum excitation wavelength of the finally obtained fluorescent gold nanocluster is 370nm, the maximum emission wavelength is 430nm, and the fluorescent gold nanocluster belongs to a blue fluorescent gold nanocluster.
10. The method for synthesizing wavelength-controllable multicolor fluorescent gold nanoclusters according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: in the step (4), uniformly mixing for 30-90s by using a vortex oscillator.
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