CN111150145A - 医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩及其制备方法 - Google Patents

医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111150145A
CN111150145A CN202010109452.9A CN202010109452A CN111150145A CN 111150145 A CN111150145 A CN 111150145A CN 202010109452 A CN202010109452 A CN 202010109452A CN 111150145 A CN111150145 A CN 111150145A
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layer
antibacterial
electrostatic spinning
fibers
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姜明
夏延致
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Shandong Naiqier Marine Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

本发明属于卫生防护用品领域，具体涉及一种医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩及其制备方法。包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括四层结构，依次为直接接触空气层、静电纺丝纤维层、无纺布层和抗菌内层，所述直接接触空气层、静电纺丝纤维层、无纺布层和抗菌内层依次连接，所述的抗菌内层由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成或者由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成。本发明设置有静电纺丝纤维层，能够阻挡吸附飞沫、气溶胶、病菌载体，保证呼吸畅通；抗菌内层采用聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混织的无纺布或由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混织的无纺布，具有广谱抗菌特性，亲肤力强，吸湿排汗，并且具有抗菌抑菌的作用，透气性好；所述的制备方法，科学合理、简单易行。

Description

医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于卫生防护用品领域，具体涉及一种医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩及其制备方法。
背景技术
人类公共卫生史上曾爆发了多次大规模呼吸道传染病疫情，例如结核病、SARS、高致病性禽流感、甲型H1N1流感等，还有目前正在控制当中的新型冠状病毒肺炎。呼吸道传染病通过飞沫和气凝胶传播，具有传播速度快、易感人群广、发病率高的特点，对公众健康和社会稳定造成很大威胁，佩带防护口罩能够阻断病原微生物侵入人体，是预防呼吸道传染病、保护大众健康的有效手段。
生物防护口罩是指在生物污染环境下对人员呼吸道提供防护的口罩，按其功能可分为被动型生物防护口罩和主动抗菌型生物防护口罩。被动型生物防护口罩是目前普遍使用的一类防护口罩，主要以物理过滤方式滤除空气中的物理颗粒物或有害病原菌。主动抗菌型生物防护口罩是指在口罩材料中添加某种抗菌成分，赋予口罩主动抗菌功能。生物防护口罩对颗粒物的过滤效率可达到95-99％，理论上认为其可以对人们提供有效的防护，但是吸附在被动型生物防护口罩上具有传染性的病原菌可能会再次扩散，对环境和人造成二次污染。
为了预防附着在口罩上的病原微生物再次扩散造成的二次感染，具有主动杀菌功能的口罩材料及其应用越来越受到重视，它确保口罩在过滤病原菌的同时起到主动杀菌的功能。在滤材上添加抗菌剂是赋予口罩抗菌功能的简单有效的方法，由于大多数化学抗菌剂存在对人和环境的毒副作用，因此，新一代具有主动抗菌功能的口罩尚有待于进一步发展。
发明内容
针对以上现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，具有广谱抗菌、透气性好、吸湿排汗、亲肤力强、符合环保要求的特性；本发明还提供其制备方法，科学合理、简单易行。
本发明所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括四层结构，依次为直接接触空气层、静电纺丝纤维层、无纺布层和抗菌内层，所述直接接触空气层、静电纺丝纤维层、无纺布层和抗菌内层依次连接，所述的抗菌内层由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成或者由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成。
其中：
所述的直接接触空气层由SSS级加厚聚丙烯纺粘无纺布或聚乳酸无纺布制成，能够阻挡污物、飞沫、气溶胶病菌载体。
所述的直接接触空气层的克重为20-50g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层的厚度为5-10微米。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层由静电纺丝纤维制成，所述静电纺丝纤维为聚乳酸纤维或聚丙烯纤维中的任意一种。优选地，所述的静电纺丝纤维的直径为0.5-1微米。静电纺丝纤维的直径小，制备的静电纺丝纤维层比表面积大，过滤效率高(95-99％)。静电纺丝纤维层能够二次阻挡吸附飞沫、气溶胶、病菌载体，保证呼吸畅通。
所述的无纺布层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚氨基甲酸酯或聚乳酸中的任意一种制成，无纺布层的克重为20-50g/m2。
所述的抗菌内层由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成时，以重量百分比计，聚丙烯含量为20-90％，海藻纤维含量为5-55％、再生纤维素纤维含量为5-50％。
所述的抗菌内层由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成时，以重量百分比计，聚乳酸含量为20-90％，海藻纤维含量为10-80％。
所述的抗菌内层采用天然杀菌抗菌材料-海藻纤维，采用其制备的口罩杀菌率95％以上，三次阻挡吸附残留病菌。另外，抗菌内层还具有另一个非常重要的作用，当感染疫情的患者呼出带病菌的气体时候，在反向第一时间起到杀菌的作用。
所述的海藻纤维是来源于海洋的100％天然海洋生物质新材料，不占用土地和石油资源，在自然界中100％生物降解，不污染环境，是可再生、可持续、可降解的第三类产地来源环保的海洋新材料。天然抗菌，广谱抗菌99％。采用其制备的织物面料吸湿排汗透气、柔软亲肤、不致敏。从深海巨形海藻中100％提取，生产工艺过程环保无污染排放，材料不含甲醛等化学物残留，是安全等级最高的新型材料，适用于卫生用品。
所述的抗菌内层的克重为20-50g/m2。
所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)采用静电纺丝机在无纺布层上制备一层静电纺丝纤维层，得复合中间夹层；
(2)抗菌内层制备：采用无纺布机将原料混纺而成，具体步骤为：混料、梳理、成网、水刺成型；
(3)将直接接触空气层、复合中间夹层和抗菌内层采用口罩机一次成型，得医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、采用天然杀菌抗菌材料-海藻纤维，具有广谱抗菌特性，抗菌效果好。
2、设置有静电纺丝纤维层，能够阻挡吸附飞沫、气溶胶、病菌载体，保证呼吸畅通。
3、抗菌内层采用聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混织的无纺布或由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混织的无纺布，亲肤力强，吸湿排汗，并且具有抗菌抑菌的作用，透气性好，呼吸阻力小，能够长时间佩戴。此外，海藻纤维对空气中PM2.5中重金属、甲醛吸附效果显著。
4、本发明在无纺布层上制备一层静电纺丝纤维层，能够替代现有技术中常用的熔喷无纺布，利用现有的水刺无纺布生产线即可大量生产，扩展了口罩的原材料选择范围，解决了口罩生产中依赖熔喷无纺布的问题。
5、所述的制备方法，科学合理、简单易行，利用现有设备可大规模生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明的层结构示意图；
图中：1、直接接触空气层；2、静电纺丝纤维层；3、无纺布层；4、抗菌内层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例中采用的原料除特殊说明外，均为普通市售原料。
实施例1
如图1所示，所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括四层结构，依次为直接接触空气层1、静电纺丝纤维层2、无纺布层3和抗菌内层4，所述直接接触空气层1、静电纺丝纤维层2、无纺布层3和抗菌内层4依次连接，所述的抗菌内层4由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成。
所述的直接接触空气层1由SSS级加厚聚丙烯纺粘无纺布制成，能够阻挡污物、飞沫、气溶胶病菌载体。
所述的直接接触空气层1的克重为40g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2的厚度为10微米。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2由静电纺丝纤维制成，所述静电纺丝纤维为聚丙烯纤维。所述的静电纺丝纤维的直径为0.5-1微米。静电纺丝纤维的直径小，制备的静电纺丝纤维层2比表面积大，过滤效率高(99.99％以上)。静电纺丝纤维层2能够二次阻挡吸附飞沫、气溶胶、病菌载体，保证呼吸畅通。
所述的无纺布层3由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制成，无纺布层3的克重为40g/m2。
所述的抗菌内层4由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚丙烯含量为50％，海藻纤维含量为35％、再生纤维素纤维含量为15％。
所述的抗菌内层4采用天然杀菌抗菌材料-海藻纤维，采用其制备的口罩杀菌率95％以上，三次阻挡吸附残留病菌。另外，抗菌内层4还具有另一个非常重要的作用，当感染疫情的患者呼出带病菌的气体时候，在反向第一时间起到杀菌的作用。所述的抗菌内层4的克重为40g/m2。
所述口罩的制备方法如下：
(1)采用静电纺丝机在无纺布层3上制备一层静电纺丝纤维层2，得复合中间夹层；
(2)抗菌内层4制备：采用无纺布机将原料混纺而成，具体步骤为：混料、梳理、成网、水刺成型；
(3)将直接接触空气层1、复合中间夹层和抗菌内层4采用口罩机一次成型，得医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩。
将抗菌内层4面料委托广东省微生物分析检测中心对其抗菌性能进行测试，检测方法为GB/T 20944.2-2007吸收法。大肠杆菌抑菌率可达99.99％，金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率可达99.99％，白色念珠菌抑菌率可达94.70％。具体见表1-表3。
表1抗大肠杆菌分析检测结果
Figure BDA0002389452980000041
表2抗金黄色葡萄球菌分析检测结果
Figure BDA0002389452980000042
表3抗白色念珠菌分析检测结果
Figure BDA0002389452980000043
Figure BDA0002389452980000051
所得口罩的过滤效率>99.99％、透气率≥18cm/s，过滤阻力<135Pa，过滤效率、透气率和过滤阻力均参照GB2626-2006测试。
实施例2
所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，包括口罩本体，所述口罩本体包括四层结构，依次为直接接触空气层1、静电纺丝纤维层2、无纺布层3和抗菌内层4，所述直接接触空气层1、静电纺丝纤维层2、无纺布层3和抗菌内层4依次连接，所述的抗菌内层4由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成。
所述的直接接触空气层1由聚乳酸无纺布制成，能够阻挡污物、飞沫、气溶胶病菌载体。
所述的直接接触空气层1的克重为40g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2的厚度为10微米。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2由静电纺丝纤维制成，所述静电纺丝纤维为聚乳酸纤维。所述的静电纺丝纤维的直径为0.5-1微米。静电纺丝纤维的直径小，制备的静电纺丝纤维层2比表面积大，过滤效率高(99.99％以上)。静电纺丝纤维层2能够二次阻挡吸附飞沫、气溶胶、病菌载体，保证呼吸畅通。
所述的无纺布层3由聚乳酸制成，无纺布层3的克重为40g/m2。
所述的抗菌内层4由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚乳酸含量为80％，海藻纤维含量为20％。
所述的抗菌内层4采用天然杀菌抗菌材料-海藻纤维，采用其制备的口罩杀菌率95％以上，三次阻挡吸附残留病菌。另外，抗菌内层4还具有另一个非常重要的作用，当感染疫情的患者呼出带病菌的气体时候，在反向第一时间起到杀菌的作用。所述的抗菌内层4的克重为40g/m2。
该实施例制备的口罩，直接接触空气层1、抗菌内层4均采用聚乳酸，可降解，符合环保要求。
将抗菌内层4面料委托广东省微生物分析检测中心对其抗菌性能进行测试，检测方法为GB 21551.2-2010附录B吸收法。金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率可达98.00％。具体见表4。
表4抗金黄色葡萄球菌分析检测结果
Figure BDA0002389452980000052
Figure BDA0002389452980000061
所得口罩的过滤效率>99.98％、透气率≥17cm/s，过滤阻力<140Pa，过滤效率、透气率和过滤阻力均参照GB2626-2006测试。
实施例3
所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩结构和制备方法同实施例1。
不同之处在于：
所述的抗菌内层4由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚丙烯含量为10％，海藻纤维含量为55％、再生纤维素纤维含量为35％。
所述的直接接触空气层1的克重为20g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2的厚度为5微米。
所述的无纺布层采用聚丙烯，克重为50g/m2。
所述的的抗菌内层4的克重为30g/m2。
所得口罩的过滤效率>99.97％、透气率≥17cm/s，过滤阻力<150Pa，过滤效率、透气率和过滤阻力均参照GB2626-2006测试。
实施例4
所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩结构和制备方法同实施例2。
不同之处在于：
所述的抗菌内层4由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚乳酸含量为20％，海藻纤维含量为80％。
所述的直接接触空气层1的克重为50g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2的厚度为8微米。
所述的无纺布层采用聚酰胺，克重为30g/m2。
所述的的抗菌内层4的克重为50g/m2。
所得口罩的过滤效率>99.97％、透气率≥20cm/s，过滤阻力<138Pa，过滤效率、透气率和过滤阻力均参照GB2626-2006测试。
实施例5
所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩结构和制备方法同实施例1。
不同之处在于：
所述的抗菌内层4由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚丙烯含量为50％，海藻纤维含量为5％、再生纤维素纤维含量为45％。
所述的直接接触空气层1的克重为20g/m2。
所述的静电纺丝纤维层2的厚度为5微米。
所述的无纺布层采用聚丙烯，克重为50g/m2。
所述的的抗菌内层4的克重为30g/m2。
所得口罩的过滤效率>99.97％、透气率≥16cm/s，过滤阻力<145Pa，过滤效率、透气率和过滤阻力均参照GB2626-2006测试。

Claims (10)

1.一种医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，包括口罩本体，其特征在于：所述口罩本体包括四层结构，依次为直接接触空气层(1)、静电纺丝纤维层(2)、无纺布层(3)和抗菌内层(4)，所述直接接触空气层(1)、静电纺丝纤维层(2)、无纺布层(3)和抗菌内层(4)依次连接，所述的抗菌内层(4)由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成或者由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的直接接触空气层(1)由SSS级加厚聚丙烯纺粘无纺布或聚乳酸无纺布制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的直接接触空气层(1)的克重为20-50g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的静电纺丝纤维层(2)的厚度为5-10微米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的静电纺丝纤维层(2)由静电纺丝纤维制成，所述静电纺丝纤维为聚乳酸纤维或聚丙烯纤维中的任意一种；所述的静电纺丝纤维的直径为0.5-1微米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的无纺布层(3)由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚氨基甲酸酯或聚乳酸中的任意一种制成，无纺布层(3)的克重为20-50g/m2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的抗菌内层(4)由聚丙烯、海藻纤维和再生纤维素纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚丙烯含量为20-90％，海藻纤维含量为5-55％、再生纤维素纤维含量为5-50％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的抗菌内层(4)由聚乳酸和海藻纤维混纺而成，以重量百分比计，聚乳酸含量为20-90％，海藻纤维含量为10-80％。
9.根据权利要求1所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩，其特征在于：所述的抗菌内层(4)的克重为20-50g/m2。
10.一种权利要求1-9任一所述的医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)采用静电纺丝机在无纺布层(3)上制备一层静电纺丝纤维层(2)，得复合中间夹层；
(2)抗菌内层制备：采用无纺布机将原料混纺而成，具体步骤为：混料、梳理、成网、水刺成型；
(3)将直接接触空气层(1)、复合中间夹层和抗菌内层采用口罩机一次成型，得医用海藻纤维抗菌防护口罩。
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CN112709001A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 苏州谷原生物科技有限公司 一种一次成型完全降解的平面口罩本体及其制备方法
CN112981706A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-18 淄博职业学院 一种抑菌阻燃海藻纤维水刺无纺布及制造方法
CN113085320A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 一种可生物降解、高效过滤口罩面料及其制备方法
CN113731020A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-12-03 赵勤 一种新型生物凝胶医用口罩滤材及其制备方法
CN116211000A (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-06-06 青岛周氏塑料包装有限公司 一种全降解口罩及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112709001A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 苏州谷原生物科技有限公司 一种一次成型完全降解的平面口罩本体及其制备方法
CN112709001B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2022-06-10 苏州谷原生物科技有限公司 一种一次成型完全降解的平面口罩本体及其制备方法
CN112981706A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-18 淄博职业学院 一种抑菌阻燃海藻纤维水刺无纺布及制造方法
CN113085320A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 泉州师范学院(石狮)生态智能织物工程技术研究院 一种可生物降解、高效过滤口罩面料及其制备方法
CN113731020A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-12-03 赵勤 一种新型生物凝胶医用口罩滤材及其制备方法
CN116211000A (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-06-06 青岛周氏塑料包装有限公司 一种全降解口罩及其制备方法
CN116211000B (zh) * 2022-12-30 2023-10-03 青岛周氏塑料包装有限公司 一种全降解口罩及其制备方法

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