CN111149595A - High-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment and seed selection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seed selection equipment, in particular to high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment and a seed selection method, wherein cherry kernels subjected to water selection are guided into a screening box from a feed hopper, the kernels with different diameters and lengths are screened out through a first screening layer, a second screening layer and a third screening layer, the kernels with unqualified diameters are screened out through a first screening plate and a second screening plate, the kernels with unqualified lengths are screened out through a third screening plate, namely, the kernels selected from a discharge port are the cherry kernels with qualified diameters and lengths, so that the screening precision is effectively improved, and the germination rate of the kernels is improved; the cherry stone screened by the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate is classified and stored, is planted in different regions, is observed for germination rate and seedling rate and is subjected to statistical analysis, the accuracy of cherry stone seedling cultivation and screening is effectively improved, the screening efficiency of screened effective stone is improved, and the seedling cultivation effect is improved.

Description

High-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment and seed selection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seed selection equipment, in particular to high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment and a seed selection method.

Background

Cherry, academic name: cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) g. don), rosaceous, pruneaceraceous, oriental. Arbor, 2-6 m high, and grey bark. Branches are grayish brown, and the twigs are green and have no hair or are thinned and molted. Winter buds are oval and hairless. The fruit can be eaten as a fruit, has bright appearance color, is glittering and translucent and beautiful, is red like agate and yellow like condensed fat, and is rich in sugar, protein, vitamins and various elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and the like. Cherries are mainly distributed in the United states, Canada, Chile, Australia, Europe and the like in the world, and the main producing areas in China include Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Guizhou and the like.

The cherry breeding method comprises the following steps: the method comprises an actual method, a cuttage method, a high-altitude layering method and a grafting method. The main method for cherry seedling raising, seedling culture and planting at the present stage during the implementation method. The production method comprises the steps of cutting the peels and the pulps of the cherries after the cherries are harvested, taking out the kernels, washing the pulps except the attached kernels with clear water, then placing the pulps in a shade place to be dried for 1-2 days, and performing certain screening to obtain the seeds. And directly sowing the kernels in a shallow pot during sowing, and germinating about 10-30 days after sowing. Transplanting the seedling into a plastic soft pot when the seedling grows to 5-250 px.

Although cherry seeds germinate easily, their germination is not uniform and some plants produce seeds that often lack viable embryos, often with a germination rate of less than 30%. Therefore, when the cherry seedling is cultivated by using the actual method, excellent cherry pit needs to be screened firstly to improve the germination rate of the cherry. However, the existing fruit kernel screening method only adopts a water screening method to directly plant the poor fruit kernels floating on water after being taken out, and the purpose of effective screening cannot be achieved. And when the screened fruit cores are planted, the sizes of the fruit cores are not distinguished and the fruit cores are not planted in different areas, so that the seedling raising effect is directly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment and a seed selection method, which aim to solve the problem that the existing fruit kernel screening mode in the background art can not achieve the purpose of effective screening only by taking out the poor-quality fruit kernels floating on water and then directly planting the poor-quality fruit kernels, and also solve the problem that the seedling raising effect is directly influenced because the sizes of the fruit kernels are not distinguished and the fruit kernels are not planted in different regions when the screened fruit kernels are planted.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection device comprises a screening box, wherein a first screening layer, a second screening layer and a third screening layer are arranged in the screening box from top to bottom, the first screening layer, the second screening layer and the third screening layer are connected through arc pipelines, discharge plates are arranged at the lower ends of the first screening layer, the second screening layer and the third screening layer, an auxiliary selection mechanism is arranged at the front end of the screening box and matched with the first screening layer, the second screening layer and the third screening layer, a discharge vibration mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the screening box and connected with the auxiliary selection mechanism, and the discharge vibration mechanism is matched with the discharge plates;

the screening device comprises a first screening layer, a second screening layer, a third screening layer and a screening box, wherein the first screening layer is provided with a first screening plate with a left high bottom and a right high bottom, the second screening layer is provided with a second screening plate with a left high bottom and a right high bottom, the third screening layer is provided with a third screening plate with a left high bottom and a right high bottom, and the left end and the right end of the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate are all connected with the screening box in a sliding mode.

Furthermore, three groups of sliding grooves are arranged in the screening box from top to bottom and matched with the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate.

Further, the selection assisting mechanism comprises a motor, a transmission wheel set, a sliding rod and a threaded rod, the threaded rod is connected with a high-end bolt of a screening plate, a second screening plate and a third screening plate respectively and is installed in a corresponding sliding groove, the screening box is worn out from the front end of the threaded rod and is connected with the transmission wheel set, the threaded rod is located at the upside, the screening box is worn out from the front end and the rear end of the threaded rod, the front end is connected with the motor, the rear side is connected with the discharging vibration mechanism, the sliding rod is connected with the bottom sliding of the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate respectively, and the sliding rod is installed in the corresponding sliding groove.

Furthermore, the screening incasement is provided with the mounting groove corresponding with ejection of compact board, the inboard upper end rigid coupling of mounting groove has the spring, the spring lower extreme is connected with ejection of compact board left and right sides upper end.

Furthermore, ejection of compact vibrations mechanism includes No. two transmission wheelsets, pivot, vibrations wheel and lug, No. two transmission wheelsets are located screening case rear end to will help to select mechanism and pivot to be connected, the pivot front end penetrates screening incasement portion to be located a flitch lower extreme, pivot front end rigid coupling has the vibrations wheel, be provided with the lug on the vibrations wheel.

Furthermore, the low end of the first sieve plate is communicated with the high end of the second sieve plate through an arc pipeline, the low end of the second sieve plate is communicated with the high end of the third sieve plate through an arc pipeline, and the low end of the third sieve plate is communicated with a discharge hole.

Furthermore, the discharge plate is obliquely arranged, and a sieve outlet is communicated with the lower end of the discharge plate.

Furthermore, screening case upper end left side is provided with the feeder hopper, and screening case lower extreme is provided with the support column.

The invention also discloses a high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry breeding method, and the high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry breeding equipment is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

s1, planting and culturing cherry stones screened by the first screening plate in a first area;

s2, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the second screening plate in a second area;

s3, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the third screening plate in a third area;

s4, planting and culturing cherry stones selected from the discharge hole in a fourth area;

s5, keeping soil, temperature, humidity and the like of the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area consistent;

s6, observing the germination rates of the kernels in the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area;

s7, when the seedlings grow to be about 5cm, transplanting the seedlings in the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area into another area, and distinguishing;

s8, transplanting the seedlings when the seedlings grow to about 20cm, and distinguishing;

s9, when the seedlings grow to about 40cm, performing classified planting, and finishing the growth of the seedlings;

s10, observing and counting the survival rates of the seedlings growing in the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area, and adjusting the screening standard to achieve a proper medium breeding mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the cherry kernels subjected to water separation are guided into the screening box from the feed hopper, the kernels with different diameters and lengths are screened out through the first screening layer, the second screening layer and the third screening layer, the kernels with unqualified diameters are screened out through the first screening plate and the second screening plate, the kernels with unqualified lengths are screened out through the third screening plate, namely, the kernels selected from the discharge port are the cherry kernels with qualified diameters and lengths, the screening precision is effectively improved, and the kernel germination rate is improved.

2. The cherry stone screened by the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate is classified and stored, is planted in different regions, is observed for germination rate and seedling rate and is subjected to statistical analysis, the accuracy of cherry stone seedling cultivation and screening is effectively improved, the screening efficiency of screened effective stone is improved, and the seedling cultivation effect is improved.

3. The threaded rod is driven to rotate positively and negatively through positive and negative rotation of the motor, so that the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate can move in a certain amount in the sliding groove, movement of the fruit cores on the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate is accelerated, and screening efficiency is improved.

4. Drive the pivot through No. two transmission groups and rotate, make the vibrations wheel rotate, make lug and the play flitch contact on the vibration wheel, make a play flitch produce certain vibrations for the kernel translation rate of selecting prevents that it from blockking up on a play flitch, influences screening case work, influences the screening quality.

In conclusion, the invention effectively distinguishes and screens out proper kernels by controlling the diameter and the length of the kernels after multiple screening, thereby improving the screening efficiency and the germination rate of the kernels.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of the first screening plate and the screening box of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the discharge plate and the screening box of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the planting area of the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-screening box, 101-sliding groove, 102-mounting groove, 103-spring, 2-first screening layer, 201-first screening plate, 3-second screening layer, 301-second screening plate, 4-third screening layer, 401-third screening plate, 5-circular arc pipeline, 6-discharging plate, 7-selection assisting mechanism, 701-motor, 702-first transmission wheel set, 703-sliding rod, 704-threaded rod, 8-discharging vibrating mechanism, 801-second transmission wheel set, 802-rotating shaft, 803-vibrating wheel, 804-lug, 9-discharging port, 10-screening outlet, 11-feeding hopper, 12-supporting column, A-first area, B-second area, C-third area and D-fourth area.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a high-quality cherry seed selection equipment of high yield high resistance, including screening case 1, screening 1 inside top-down of case is provided with first screening layer 2, second screening layer 3 and third screening layer 4, first screening layer 2, through 5 switchovers of circular arc pipeline between second screening layer 3 and the third screening layer 4, first screening layer 2, second screening layer 3 and the 4 lower extremes of third screening layer all are provided with ejection of compact board 6, and is concrete, ejection of compact board 6 slope sets up, ejection of compact board 6 low side sets up the switch-on has sieve material export 10. Screening 1 front end of case is provided with helps selects mechanism 7, helps selects mechanism 7 and cooperates with first screening layer 2, second screening layer 3 and third screening layer 4, and 1 rear end of screening case is provided with ejection of compact vibrations mechanism 8, and 1 upper end left side of screening case is provided with feeder hopper 11, and 1 lower extreme of screening case is provided with support column 12, and ejection of compact vibrations mechanism 8 is connected with helping selects mechanism 7, and ejection of compact vibrations mechanism 8 cooperatees with play flitch 6.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 1 and 4, a first screening plate 201 with a left high bottom and a right bottom is arranged in the first screening layer 2, the diameter of the screen hole of the first screening plate 201 is 3-5mm, a second screening layer 3 is provided with a second screening plate 301 with a left high bottom and a right high bottom, the diameter of the screen hole of the second screening plate 301 is 5-7mm, a third screening plate 401 with a left high bottom and a right high bottom is arranged in the third screening layer 4, the diameter of the screen hole of the third screening plate 401 is 7-8mm, and the left end and the right end of each of the first screening plate 201, the second screening plate 301 and the third screening plate 401 are slidably connected with the screening box 1. Three sets of sliding grooves 101 are arranged in the screening box 1 from top to bottom, and the three sets of sliding grooves 101 are matched with the first screening plate 201, the second screening plate 301 and the third screening plate 401. No. one sieve flitch 201 low side is through circular arc pipeline 5 and the high-end switch-on of No. two sieve flitchs 301, and No. two sieve flitch 201 low sides are through circular arc pipeline 5 and the high-end switch-on of No. three sieve flitch 401, and the switch-on of No. three sieve flitch 401 low sides has discharge gate 9.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the selection assisting mechanism 7 includes a motor 701, a first transmission wheel set 702, a sliding rod 703 and a threaded rod 704, the threaded rod 704 is respectively screwed with the high ends of the first screening plate 201, the second screening plate 301 and the third screening plate 401 and is installed in the corresponding sliding groove 101, the front end of the threaded rod 704 penetrates through the screening box 1 and is connected with the first transmission wheel set 702, the front end and the rear end of the threaded rod 704 located on the upper side penetrate through the screening box 1, the front end is connected with the motor 701, the rear side is connected with the discharging vibration mechanism 8, the sliding rod 703 is respectively connected with the bottom ends of the first screening plate 201, the second screening plate 301 and the third screening plate 401 in a sliding manner, and the sliding rod 703 is installed in the corresponding sliding groove 101.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, a mounting groove 102 corresponding to the discharging plate 6 is provided in the screening box 1, a spring 103 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner side of the mounting groove 102, and the lower end of the spring 103 is connected to the upper ends of the left and right sides of the discharging plate 6. The discharging vibration mechanism 8 comprises a second transmission wheel set 801, a rotating shaft 802, a vibration wheel 803 and a lug 804, wherein the second transmission wheel set 801 is positioned at the rear end of the screening box 1 and connects the selection assisting mechanism 7 with the rotating shaft 802, the front end of the rotating shaft 802 penetrates into the screening box 1 and is positioned at the lower end of the discharging plate 6, the front end of the rotating shaft 802 is fixedly connected with the vibration wheel 803, and the lug 804 is arranged on the vibration wheel 803.

The invention also discloses a high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry breeding method by using the high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:

s1, planting and culturing cherry stones screened by the first screening plate 201 in a first area A;

s2, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the second screening plate 301 in a second area B;

s3, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the third screening plate 401 in a third area C;

s4, planting and culturing cherry stones selected from the discharge hole 9 in a fourth area D;

s5, keeping soil, temperature, humidity and the like of the first area A, the second area B, the third area C and the fourth area D consistent;

s6, observing the germination rates of the kernels in the first area A, the second area B, the third area C and the fourth area D;

s7, when the seedlings grow to be about 5cm, transplanting the seedlings in the first area A, the second area B, the third area C and the fourth area D into another area, and distinguishing;

s8, transplanting the seedlings when the seedlings grow to about 20cm, and distinguishing;

s9, when the seedlings grow to about 40cm, performing classified planting, and finishing the growth of the seedlings;

s10, observing and counting the survival rate of the growing seedlings in the first area A, the second area B, the third area C and the fourth area D, and adjusting the screening standard to achieve a proper medium breeding mode.

It should be noted that the motors 701 used in the present invention are Y112M-2, Y132S1-2 or other motors with the same function, and the present invention is directly referred to the above, and no change is made to the structure and principle of the motors, so no further description is made in the description.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the application method of the present embodiment is: starting a motor 701, so that a first transmission wheel set 702 drives a threaded rod 704 to rotate, and a first screening plate 201, a second screening plate 301 and a third screening plate 401 generate a certain amount of movement in the sliding groove 101; the threaded rod 704 drives the second transmission wheel set 801 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 802 rotates, the vibrating wheel 803 rotates, the lug 804 on the vibrating wheel 803 is in contact with the discharging plate 6, and the discharging plate 6 generates certain vibration; the cherry stone after water separation is guided into a screening box 1 from a feed hopper 11, the cherry stone with the vertical drop of less than 3-5mm is selected through a first screening layer 2, the cherry stone with the vertical drop of less than 3-5mm slides out from a screening material outlet 10, and the rest cherry stone is transferred to a second screening layer 3 from an arc pipeline 5; cherry stones with the vertical drop of less than 5-7mm are selected through the second screening layer 3, the cherry stones with the vertical drop of less than 5-7mm slide out of the screening material outlet 10, and the rest cherry stones are transferred to the third screening layer 4 from the circular arc pipeline 5; cherry stone with the length of 7-8mm is selected through the third screening layer 4, the cherry stone with the length of less than 7-8mm slides out from the screening material outlet 10, and the rest qualified stone discharge port 9 slides out.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment comprises a screening box (1) and is characterized in that: a first screening layer (2), a second screening layer (3) and a third screening layer (4) are arranged in the screening box (1) from top to bottom, the first screening layer (2), the second screening layer (3) and the third screening layer (4) are connected through a circular arc pipeline (5), discharge plates (6) are arranged at the lower ends of the first screening layer (2), the second screening layer (3) and the third screening layer (4), an auxiliary screening mechanism (7) is arranged at the front end of the screening box (1), the auxiliary screening mechanism (7) is matched with the first screening layer (2), the second screening layer (3) and the third screening layer (4), a discharge vibrating mechanism (8) is arranged at the rear end of the screening box (1), the discharge vibrating mechanism (8) is connected with the auxiliary screening mechanism (7), and the discharge vibrating mechanism (8) is matched with the discharge plates (6);

be provided with screening board (201) No. one at the bottom of the high right side in a left side in first screening layer (2), second screening layer (3) are provided with screening board (301) No. two at the bottom of the high right side in a left side, third screening layer (4) are provided with screening board (401) No. three at the bottom of the high right side in a left side, both ends all with screening case (1) sliding connection about screening board (201), screening board (301) No. two and screening board (401 No. three.

2. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: screening case (1) is interior top-down is provided with three groups of sliding tray (101), and three groups sliding tray (101) cooperate with No. one screening board (201), No. two screening boards (301) and No. three screening boards (401).

3. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: the selection assisting mechanism (7) comprises a motor (701), a transmission wheel set (702), a sliding rod (703) and a threaded rod (704), the threaded rod (704) is respectively connected with a high-end bolt of a screening plate (201), a second screening plate (301) and a third screening plate (401) and is installed in a corresponding sliding groove (101), the front end of the threaded rod (704) penetrates out of a screening box (1) and is connected with the transmission wheel set (702) to be located at the upper side, the front end of the threaded rod (704) penetrates out of the screening box (1), the front end of the front side is connected with the motor (701), the rear side of the front side of.

4. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: the screening box is characterized in that a mounting groove (102) corresponding to the discharging plate (6) is formed in the screening box (1), a spring (103) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner side of the mounting groove (102), and the lower end of the spring (103) is connected with the upper end of the left side and the right side of the discharging plate (6).

5. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: ejection of compact vibrations mechanism (8) are including No. two transmission wheelsets (801), pivot (802), vibrations wheel (803) and lug (804), No. two transmission wheelsets (801) are located screening case (1) rear end to will help selecting mechanism (7) and pivot (802) to be connected, pivot (802) front end penetrates inside screening case (1) to be located play flitch (6) lower extreme, pivot (802) front end rigid coupling has vibrations wheel (803), be provided with lug (804) on vibrations wheel (803).

6. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: the low end of the first screening plate (201) is communicated with the high end of the second screening plate (301) through an arc pipeline (5), the low end of the second screening plate (201) is communicated with the high end of the third screening plate (401) through the arc pipeline (5), and the low end of the third screening plate (401) is communicated with a discharge hole (9).

7. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: the discharging plate (6) is obliquely arranged, and the lower end of the discharging plate (6) is communicated with a sieve outlet (10).

8. The high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment according to claim 1, wherein the equipment comprises: screening case (1) upper end left side is provided with feeder hopper (11), and screening case (1) lower extreme is provided with support column (12).

9. A high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection method, which uses the high-yield high-stress-resistance high-quality cherry seed selection equipment of any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

s1, planting and culturing cherry stones screened by the first screening plate (201) in a first area A;

s2, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the second screening plate (301) in a second area B;

s3, planting and culturing the cherry stone screened by the third screening plate (401) in a third area C;

s4, planting and culturing cherry stones selected from the discharge hole (9) in a fourth area D;

s5, keeping soil, temperature, humidity and the like of the first area (A), the second area (B), the third area (C) and the fourth area (D) consistent;

s6, observing the germination rates of the kernels in the first area (A), the second area (B), the third area (C) and the fourth area (D);

s7, when the seedlings grow to be about 5cm, transplanting the seedlings in the first area (A), the second area (B), the third area (C) and the fourth area (D) into another area, and distinguishing;

s8, transplanting the seedlings when the seedlings grow to about 20cm, and distinguishing;

s9, when the seedlings grow to about 40cm, performing classified planting, and finishing the growth of the seedlings;

s10, observing and counting the survival rate of the growing seedlings in the first area (A), the second area (B), the third area (C) and the fourth area (D), and adjusting the screening standard to achieve a proper medium breeding mode.

Images