CN111146596A - Wave absorbing/transmitting device of composite window absorber - Google Patents
Wave absorbing/transmitting device of composite window absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN111146596A CN111146596A CN201911393172.9A CN201911393172A CN111146596A CN 111146596 A CN111146596 A CN 111146596A CN 201911393172 A CN201911393172 A CN 201911393172A CN 111146596 A CN111146596 A CN 111146596A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of radar stealth, and discloses a wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber, which sequentially comprises a first wave absorbing layer (1), a first medium isolating layer (3), a second wave absorbing layer (4), a second medium isolating layer (7), a third wave transmitting layer (8), a third medium isolating layer (11) and a fourth wave transmitting layer (12) from top to bottom, wherein the first wave absorbing layer (1) is provided with a cross pattern (2) array, the second wave absorbing layer (4) is provided with a framed cross pattern array, and the third wave transmitting layer (8) and the fourth wave transmitting layer (12) are provided with framed square pattern arrays. The invention effectively solves the problem that the existing window wave absorber is difficult to simultaneously take into account the wave absorption of the out-of-band bilateral dual-frequency-band broadband and the wave transmission of the in-band broadband by improving the structures of the components of the device, the arrangement modes of the components, and the like to construct the dual wave absorbing layers, thereby ensuring that the radar antenna system has better out-of-band RCS reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radar stealth, and particularly relates to a wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber.
Background
With the development of stealth technology, the attack and defense patterns of various countries in the world are changed greatly. For large-weapon platforms such as airplanes and ships, the strong scattering of the Radar antenna system is a main contributor of the total Radar scattering cross section (RCS). The traditional shape stealth technology and the material stealth technology can generate fatal influence on the radiation performance of the antenna, and the requirement of the existing military development is difficult to meet.
The structural wave-absorbing material has the advantages of wave-absorbing performance, bearing capacity and invisibility of weapons and equipment. The Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is a periodic structure, and has Selective transmission, reflection and absorption performances on incident electromagnetic waves after a loss device is loaded, so that the design is more flexible.
Generally, for the design of the absorber with the wave-absorbing windows on both sides, the single-layer wave-absorbing layer structure can cause the wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting bandwidth of the whole structure to be narrow, and cannot meet the application scenario with high requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber, wherein the structure of each component of the device, the arrangement mode of the components and the like are improved to construct a double-layer wave absorbing layer, so that the problem that the existing window absorber cannot simultaneously absorb wave in an out-of-band bilateral dual-band broadband and transmit wave in the in-band broadband is effectively solved, and the radar antenna system is ensured to have better out-of-band RCS reduction.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber, comprising, from top to bottom, a first wave absorbing layer, a first dielectric isolation layer, a second wave absorbing layer, a second dielectric isolation layer, a third wave transmitting layer, a third dielectric isolation layer and a fourth wave transmitting layer in this order,
the first wave absorbing layer is a single-sided copper clad laminate, and a cross pattern array which is periodically arranged in rows and columns is processed on the copper foil; for any cross pattern in the array, 2 gaps are arranged on 4 cross edges starting from the center, in the 2 gaps, a lumped resistor is welded in one gap close to the center, and an inductance device is welded in the other gap far away from the center, so that a first-layer wave-absorbing layer FSS unit is formed;
the second wave absorbing layer is a single-sided copper clad laminate, and a framed cross pattern array which is periodically arranged in rows and columns is processed on the copper foil; any framed cross pattern in the array comprises a regular cross patch pattern positioned in the center and an open square ring pattern positioned on the periphery of the regular cross patch pattern, and the cross patch pattern is not in direct contact with the open square ring pattern; for any framed cross pattern, 2 gaps are correspondingly formed in each edge of the open square ring pattern, of the 2 gaps, a lumped resistor is welded in one gap close to the end part of the cross patch pattern, and an inductance device is welded in the other gap far away from the end part of the cross patch pattern, namely close to the top angle of the open square ring pattern, so that a second-layer wave-absorbing layer FSS unit is formed;
the third wave-transmitting layer is a single-sided copper-clad foil plate, and square pattern arrays with frames, which are periodically arranged in rows and columns, are processed on the copper foil; any square pattern with a frame in the array comprises a square patch pattern positioned in the center and square ring patterns positioned on the periphery of the square patch pattern, and the square patch pattern is not directly contacted with the square ring patterns, so that a third wave-transparent layer FSS unit is formed;
the fourth wave-transmitting layer is a single-sided copper-clad plate, and square pattern arrays with frames, which are periodically arranged in rows and columns, are processed on the copper foil; any square pattern with a frame in the array comprises a square patch pattern positioned in the center and square ring patterns positioned on the periphery of the square patch pattern, and the square patch pattern is not in direct contact with the square ring patterns, so that a fourth wave-transparent layer FSS unit is formed;
the wave absorbing/transmitting device can realize the absorption of electromagnetic waves and the transmission of the electromagnetic waves.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the single-sided copper clad laminates of the first wave-absorbing layer, the second wave-absorbing layer, the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer are all based on a medium substrate, wherein the medium substrates adopted by the first wave-absorbing layer, the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer are all glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, and the thickness is preferably 0.15 mm; the medium substrate adopted by the second wave absorbing layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic material, and the thickness is preferably 0.8 mm;
the first medium isolation layer, the second medium isolation layer and the third medium isolation layer are made of aramid paper honeycomb materials.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the first wave-absorbing layer and the second wave-absorbing layer, the gap distance between any one of the gaps welded with the lumped resistors is 1.5mm, and the gap distance between any one of the gaps welded with the inductor devices is 1.0 mm.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, in the first wave-absorbing layer, the period of any one FSS unit of the first wave-absorbing layer is 18-20 mm; in the second wave-absorbing layer, the period of any one FSS unit of the second wave-absorbing layer is 18-20 mm; in the third wave-transmitting layer, the period of any FSS unit of the third wave-transmitting layer is 18-20 mm; in the fourth wave-transmitting layer, the period of any FSS unit of the fourth wave-transmitting layer is 18-20 mm.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the first wave-absorbing layer, the line width of the cross-shaped pattern is 1.25 to 2mm, and the value of any one of the inductance devices is 8 to 10 nH;
for any gap for welding the inductance device, the edge of the gap is provided with a protruding copper structure, so that the edge of the gap can be widened and is in an I-shaped structure.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, in the second wave-absorbing layer, the side length of the regular cross patch pattern is 11-11.8mm, and the line width is 3.5 mm; the value of any one lumped resistor is 300-450 ohm; the value of any one inductance device is 2.5-3.9 nH;
for any one of the gaps for soldering the inductance device, a fan-shaped copper structure protruding toward the cross patch pattern is provided on the edge of the gap near the end of the cross patch pattern.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the third wave-transmitting layer, the side length of the square patch pattern is 9.7 to 12 mm; the line width of the square ring pattern is 1.5-2.35 mm.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in the fourth wave-transmitting layer, the side length of the square patch pattern is 9.7 to 12 mm; the line width of the square ring pattern is 1.5-2.35 mm.
As a further optimization of the invention, the whole wave absorbing/transmitting device can realize the absorption of electromagnetic waves with the microwave frequency ranges of 2.4-4.5 GHz and 7.8-11.4 GHz; the wave absorbing/transmitting device can integrally realize the transmission of electromagnetic waves with a microwave frequency band of 5.2-6.2 GHz.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the mode of constructing the double wave-absorbing layers is adopted, and the problems of narrow wave-absorbing bandwidth on two sides of the conventional window absorber and barrier of wave-transmitting design can be solved. The invention utilizes the selectivity of FSS to incident electromagnetic waves to enable a specific frequency selective surface layer to act on a corresponding frequency band, weakens interlayer coupling, realizes dual-band broadband wave absorption of an out-of-band low frequency band and a high frequency band, ensures in-band broadband wave transmission frequency, and has the characteristic of high selectivity. Wherein the transition bandwidth is steep, in the present invention the relative transition bandwidth is used
The relative bandwidth K on the left side of the wave-transparent window is 0.13, and the relative bandwidth K on the right side of the wave-transparent window is 0.2, so that the radar antenna has the characteristic of high selectivity, and has a good advantage in the aspect of high-selectivity stealth of the radar antenna.
The wave-transparent frequency band mainly aims at the C wave band, the wave-absorbing frequency band mainly aims at the S, X wave band, the design mode is simple, the assembly is easy, the weight is light, the cost is lower, the wave-absorbing frequency band is wide, the broadband wave-absorbing is realized, and the selectivity of the wave-transparent window is better. Through the design, the first wave absorbing layer is provided with: the transmission characteristics of wave-transparent wave-absorbing wave; the second wave-absorbing layer comprises: wave absorbing-wave transmitting-reflecting transmission characteristics. The first wave absorbing layer, the first medium isolating layer and the second wave absorbing layer realize high-frequency wave absorption mainly through ohmic loss of lumped resistance in the first wave absorbing layer; the second wave absorbing layer, the second medium isolating layer and the second-order band-pass filter layer realize low-frequency wave absorption mainly through ohmic loss of lumped resistors in the second wave absorbing layer; the first wave absorbing layer, the second wave absorbing layer and the second-order band-pass filter layer are all transparent to waves at 5.2-6.2 GHz. In general, the wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of the composite window absorber can independently design the double-frequency-band wave absorbing layer according to the stealth requirements of the low-frequency band and the high-frequency band, so that the composite window absorber can absorb wave in broadband at two sides, and simultaneously, the broadband wave transmitting is realized.
The wave absorbing layer and the wave transmitting layer adopted by the invention are single-sided copper-clad laminates, and FSS patterns arranged according to line-row periods are processed on the copper foils; the wave absorbing layer of the first layer and the wave absorbing layer of the second layer are mainly of a cross structure and a square ring structure respectively, and are loaded with lumped elements; the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer are square gap structures with the same size.
The invention improves the design of a multilayer wave-transmitting window, and a window absorber structure in the prior art is generally composed of two layers or three layers, wherein the first layer is a wave-absorbing layer similar to the first wave-absorbing layer, the second layer or the second and the third layers are wave-transmitting layers similar to the third wave-transmitting layer or the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer, the structures mostly have theoretical models (namely equivalent circuit models) in the same form, and are limited to the design of a single-layer wave-absorbing layer, the performances of wave absorption in-band wave-transmitting and single-frequency band-out, wave absorption in-band wave-transmitting and double-frequency band-out and the like can be realized through the design of different parameters, and the purpose that the window absorber is used for transmitting signals in-band and reducing RCS out of band is preliminarily realized. Due to the limitations of the above theoretical models, researchers have so far failed to notice the possibility of a performance breakthrough by changing the model. According to the invention, through the separate design of the multifunctional layers, the design barrier of a multi-layer wave-transparent window is broken, the problem that the existing window wave absorber is difficult to simultaneously take the out-of-band bilateral dual-frequency-band broadband wave absorption and the in-band broadband wave-transparent into consideration is effectively solved, and the radar antenna system is further ensured to have better out-of-band RCS reduction.
The first wave-absorbing layer is complex in design and can realize low-frequency wave-transmitting, medium-frequency wave-transmitting and high-frequency wave-absorbing. In the design process of the first wave absorbing layer, the lumped resistor is used for high-frequency wave absorbing ohmic loss; lumped inductance and I-shaped gap capacitance realize intermediate frequency wave transmission; and the whole unit adopts a band-stop pattern to realize low-frequency wave transmission. The lumped resistor is positioned at the midpoint of the connection position of the lumped inductor and the I-shaped gap capacitor structure and the center, and the purpose is to prevent the current mainly concentrated on welding the lumped inductor and the I-shaped gap capacitor structure from flowing through the lumped resistor during medium-frequency transmission so as to cause large wave-transmitting insertion loss mainly based on ohmic loss; the lumped inductor with larger inductance is welded at the I-shaped gap, and the purpose of the lumped inductor is to form a wider intermediate frequency wave-transmitting window by being connected in parallel with the capacitor provided by the gap. Through carrying out reasonable spatial arrangement on the two special structures, the realization of the first wave-absorbing layer is finally ensured.
The second wave-absorbing layer is complex in design, can realize low-frequency wave absorption, intermediate-frequency wave transmission and high-frequency reflection, and can realize partial functions but not all functions in the existing structure more easily. In the design process of the second wave absorbing layer, the lumped resistor is used for ohmic loss of low-frequency wave absorption; lumped inductance and fan-shaped gap capacitance realize intermediate frequency wave-transparent; and the cross patch pattern in the middle of the square ring can realize high-frequency reflection. The lumped resistor is positioned in the middle of the square ring, and the purpose of the lumped resistor is to prevent the current mainly concentrated in a welding lumped inductor sector area from flowing through the lumped resistor when the intermediate frequency wave passes through, so that the large wave-passing insertion loss mainly comprising ohmic loss is avoided; the lumped inductor with a larger inductance value is welded at the fan-shaped gap, and the purpose of the lumped inductor is to form a wider intermediate-frequency wave-transmitting window by being connected with a capacitor provided by the gap in parallel; the design of the cross patch pattern in the middle of the square ring mainly depends on the space limitation of the specific pattern of the parallel structure of the lumped inductor and the equivalent capacitor. Through carrying out reasonable spatial arrangement with above-mentioned three special construction, guarantee the realization of second layer absorbing layer finally.
The invention can further control parameters of each layer structure of the wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of the composite window absorber, such as line width, side length, inductance value, resistance value and the like, so that the first wave absorbing layer realizes the wave transmitting performance of 2.0-8.0GHz and the wave absorbing electromagnetic performance of 8.0-12.0 GHz; the second wave-absorbing layer realizes the electromagnetic properties of 2.0-4.5GHz wave absorption, 5.0-6.5GHz wave transmission and 8.0-12.0GHz reflection; the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer are combined to form a second-order band-pass filter, and electromagnetic properties of 5.0-7.0GHz wave-transmitting, 2.0-5.0GHz and 7.0-12.0GHz reflection are achieved. In the first wave-absorbing layer, the width of the cross patch and the resistance of the lumped resistor influence the wave-absorbing performance of 8.0-12.0 GHz; the lumped inductance and the size of the gap on the two sides influence the wave-transparent performance of 2.0-8.0 GHz. In the second wave-absorbing layer, the metal line width of the open square ring and the peripheral gap influence the wave-absorbing performance of 2.0-4.5 GHz; the lumped inductor and the gap at the lower end of the lumped inductor influence the wave-transmitting performance of 5.0-6.5 GHz; the central cross patch has the function of reflecting at 8.0-12.0GHz and serving as a first wave-absorbing layer at 8.0-12.0GHz metal base plate, so that the wave-absorbing performance of 8.0-12.0GHz can be influenced. In the third wave-transmitting layer and the fourth wave-transmitting layer, the side length of the central square patch and the width of the peripheral square ring can influence the wave-transmitting performance of 5.0-7.0 GHz. The four-layer structure is optimized through simulation, the target wave-transmitting frequency band is 5.2-6.2 GHz, and the wave-absorbing frequency bands are 2.4-4.5 GHz and 7.8-11.4 GHz.
In conclusion, the invention utilizes two loss layers with lumped resistance as wave absorbing layers and utilizes a second-order band-pass filter as a wave transmitting layer, thereby realizing the broadband wave absorbing of the out-of-band double-side double-frequency band and the characteristics of broadband wave transmitting and high selectivity of the whole structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic 3D structure diagram of a unit pattern in a wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a two-dimensional plan view of a single-layer frequency selective surface in the wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention; fig. 2 (a) corresponds to a first wave-absorbing layer, fig. 2 (b) corresponds to a second wave-absorbing layer, and fig. 2 (c) corresponds to a third wave-transparent layer and a fourth wave-transparent layer (the third wave-transparent layer and the fourth wave-transparent layer have the same size).
Fig. 3 is a plan view of an experimental sample plate of a first wave-absorbing layer in the wave-absorbing/wave-transmitting device of the composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of an experimental sample plate of a second wave-absorbing layer in the wave-absorbing/wave-transmitting device of the composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of an experimental sample plate of a third wave-transparent layer in the wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of the composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of an experimental sample plate of a fourth wave-transparent layer in the wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of the composite window absorber provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows reflectance characteristics in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows reflectance characteristics in example 2 of the present invention.
The meaning of each reference numeral in fig. 1 and 2 is as follows:
1-first wave absorbing layer 2-cross-shaped pattern 3-first medium isolation layer
4-second wave absorbing layer 5-cross patch pattern 6-open square ring pattern
7-second medium isolation layer 8-third wave-transparent layer 9-square patch
10-square ring pattern 11-third medium isolation layer 12-fourth wave-transparent layer
13-square patch 14-square ring pattern 15-resistor
16-inductor 17-resistor 18-inductor
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention sequentially comprises, from top to bottom, a first wave-absorbing layer 1, a first medium isolation layer 3, a second wave-absorbing layer 4, a second medium isolation layer 7, a third wave-transparent layer 8, a third medium isolation layer 11, and a fourth wave-transparent layer 12.
A first wave-absorbing layer 1, a second wave-absorbing layer 4, a third wave-transparent layer 8 and a fourth wave-transparent layer 12, as shown in fig. 2, the third wave-transparent layer 8 and the fourth wave-transparent layer 12 have the same size.
As shown in fig. 2 (a) and 3, the first wave-absorbing layer 1 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, cross-shaped patterns 2 arranged in a row-column period are processed on the copper foil, each cross-shaped pattern 2 is provided with eight gaps, lumped resistors 15 are welded between the gaps close to the center, inductance devices 16 are welded on the other four gaps to form a first wave-absorbing layer FSS unit array, and the cycle of the first wave-absorbing layer FSS unit array is 18 mm;
as shown in fig. 2 (b) and 4, the second wave-absorbing layer 4 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, cross patch patterns 5 and open square ring patterns 6 are processed on the copper foil and are arranged in a row-column period, each open square ring pattern 6 is provided with eight gaps, lumped resistors 17 are welded among four gaps close to the top end of the cross, inductive devices 18 are welded among four gaps arranged on top corners, and an FSS unit array of the second wave-absorbing layer is formed, wherein the FSS unit array period of the second wave-absorbing layer is 18 mm;
as shown in fig. 2 (c) and 5, the third wave-transmitting layer 8 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 9 and square ring patterns 10 are processed on the copper foil and arranged in a row-column cycle, so as to form a third wave-transmitting layer FSS unit array, and the cycle of the third wave-transmitting layer FSS unit array is 18 mm;
as shown in fig. 2 (c) and fig. 6, the fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 13 and square ring patterns 14 arranged in a row-column cycle are processed on the copper foil to form a fourth wave-transmitting layer FSS unit array, and the cycle of the fourth wave-transmitting layer FSS unit array is 18 mm.
The medium basal layers adopted by the first wave absorbing layer 1, the third wave transmitting layer 8 and the fourth wave transmitting layer 12 are all made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, and the thickness is 0.15 mm; the medium substrate adopted by the second wave absorbing layer 4 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic material, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the first medium isolation layer 3, the second medium isolation layer 7 and the third medium isolation layer 11 are all made of aramid fiber paper honeycomb materials; the cross-shaped pattern 2, the cross-shaped patch pattern 5, the open square ring pattern 6, the square patch pattern 9, the square ring pattern 10, the square patch pattern 13 and the square ring pattern 14 are all sheets made of metal copper; the length of the gap of the welding lumped resistors 15 and 17 is 1.5mm, and the length of the gap of the welding lumped inductors 16 and 18 is 1.0 mm. Manufacturing a first wave-absorbing layer 1, a second wave-absorbing layer 4, a third wave-transmitting layer 8 and a fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 on a single-sided copper-clad plate by a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) processing technology; then, the lumped resistors and the inductors with corresponding resistance values are welded to form a corresponding FSS unit array, corresponding patterns face downwards and are respectively placed on the upper surfaces of the corresponding medium isolation layers (of course, as shown in FIG. 1, the fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 is placed on the lower surface of the corresponding medium isolation layer with the medium substrate facing upwards and the patterns facing downwards); and the composite window absorber with good wave absorbing/wave transmitting characteristics is realized through the simulation optimization of the whole structure.
Example 1
The first wave-absorbing layer 1 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, cross-shaped patterns 2 which are arranged according to a row-column period are processed on a copper foil, the width of each cross-shaped structure is 1.25mm, eight gaps are arranged on each cross-shaped pattern 2, the length of each gap for welding the lumped resistor 15 is 1.5mm, the length of each gap for welding the lumped inductor 16 is 1.0mm, the resistance value of any lumped resistor 15 is 50ohm, the inductance value of any lumped inductor 16 is 10nH, and the period of an FSS unit of the first wave-absorbing layer formed by the cross-shaped patterns 2, the lumped resistors 15 and the inductors 16 is 18 mm; the first medium isolation layer 3 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the first medium isolation layer is 8.5mm, the relative dielectric constant of the first medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the first medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The second wave absorbing layer 4 is a single-sided copper clad laminate, cross patch patterns 5 and opening square ring patterns 6 which are arranged in a row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the length of the central cross patch 5 is 11mm, and the width of the central cross patch is 3.5 mm. Every opening square ring pattern 6 is provided with eight gaps, the welding has lumped resistance 17 between four gaps that are close to the cross top, gap length is 1.5mm, arbitrary lumped resistance 17's resistance is 300ohm, and the welding has inductance device 18 between four gaps on arranging the apex angle in, gap length is 1.0mm, the inductance size is 3.9nH, cross paster pattern 5, opening square ring pattern 6, the second layer that lumped resistance 17 and inductance 18 constitute is inhaled ripples layer FSS unit array period and is 18 mm. The second medium isolation layer 7 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the second medium isolation layer is 12.5mm, the relative dielectric constant of the second medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the second medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The third wave-transmitting layer 8 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 9 and square ring patterns 10 which are arranged according to the row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the side length of the central square patch 9 is 12 mm; the width of the square ring 10 is 1.5 mm. And forming a third wave-transparent layer FSS unit array, wherein the period of the third wave-transparent layer FSS unit array is 18 mm. The fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 13 and square ring patterns 14 which are arranged according to the row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the side length of the central square patch 13 is 12 mm; the width of the square ring 14 is 1.5 mm. And the FSS unit array of the fourth wave-transparent layer is formed, and the period of the FSS unit array of the third wave-transparent layer is 18 mm. The third medium isolation layer 11 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the third medium isolation layer is 12mm, the relative dielectric constant of the third medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the third medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The dielectric substrate layers adopted by the first wave-absorbing layer 1, the third wave-transmitting layer 8 and the fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 are all made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, the thickness is 0.15mm, the relative dielectric constant is 4.4, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.017. The medium substrate adopted by the second wave absorbing layer 4 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic material, the thickness is 0.8mm, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0015.
In a microwave darkroom, the reflectivity of the embodiment is measured, the reflectivity characteristic is shown in fig. 7, the horizontal axis is frequency, the vertical axis is reflectivity, the composite window absorber realizes wave transmission at 5.2-6.2 GHz, and the composite window absorber has good bilateral wave absorbing effect at 2.4-4.5 GHz and 7.8-11.4 GHz.
Example 2
The first wave absorbing layer 1 is a single-sided copper clad laminate, cross-shaped patterns 2 which are arranged according to a row-column period are processed on a copper foil, the width of each cross-shaped structure is 2mm, each cross-shaped pattern 2 is provided with eight gaps, the length of each gap for welding the lumped resistor 15 is 1.5mm, the length of each gap for welding the lumped inductor 16 is 1.0mm, the resistance value of any lumped resistor 15 is 50ohm, the inductance value of any lumped inductor 16 is 8nH, and the period of an FSS unit of the first wave absorbing layer formed by the cross-shaped patterns 2, the lumped resistors 15 and the inductors 16 is 20 mm; the first medium isolation layer 3 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the first medium isolation layer is 8.5mm, the relative dielectric constant of the first medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the first medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The second wave absorbing layer 4 is a single-sided copper clad laminate, cross patch patterns 5 and opening square ring patterns 6 which are arranged in a row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the length of the central cross patch 5 is 11.8mm, and the width of the central cross patch is 3.5 mm. Every opening square ring pattern 6 is provided with eight gaps, the welding has lumped resistance 17 between four gaps that are close to the cross top, gap length is 1.5mm, arbitrary lumped resistance 17's resistance is 450ohm, and the welding has inductance device 18 between four gaps on arranging the apex angle in, gap length is 1.0mm, arbitrary inductance device 18's inductance size is 2.5nH, cross paster pattern 5, opening square ring pattern 6, the second layer that lumped resistance 17 and inductance 18 constitute is inhaled ripples layer FSS unit array period and is 20 mm. The second medium isolation layer 7 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the second medium isolation layer is 10mm, the relative dielectric constant of the second medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the second medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The third wave-transmitting layer 8 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 9 and square ring patterns 10 which are arranged according to the row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the side length of the central square patch 9 is 9.7 mm; the width of the square ring 10 is 2.35 mm. And forming a third wave-transparent layer FSS unit array, wherein the period of the third wave-transparent layer FSS unit array is 20 mm. The fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 is a single-sided copper-clad plate, square patch patterns 13 and square ring patterns 14 which are arranged according to the row-column period are processed on the copper foil, wherein the side length of the central square patch 13 is 9.7 mm; the width of the square ring 14 is 2.35 mm. And the FSS unit array of the fourth wave-transparent layer is formed, and the period of the FSS unit array of the third wave-transparent layer is 20 mm. The third medium isolation layer 11 is made of aramid paper honeycomb material, the thickness of the third medium isolation layer is 12mm, the relative dielectric constant of the third medium isolation layer is 1.07, and the dielectric loss tangent value of the third medium isolation layer is 0.0017. The dielectric substrate layers adopted by the first wave-absorbing layer 1, the third wave-transmitting layer 8 and the fourth wave-transmitting layer 12 are all made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, the thickness is 0.15mm, the relative dielectric constant is 4.4, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.017. The medium substrate adopted by the second wave absorbing layer 4 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic material, the thickness is 0.8mm, the relative dielectric constant is 2.2, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0015.
In a microwave darkroom, the reflectivity of the embodiment is measured, the reflectivity characteristic is shown in fig. 8, the horizontal axis is frequency, the vertical axis is reflectivity, the composite window absorber realizes wave transmission at 6.2-7.2 GHz, and the composite window absorber has good bilateral wave absorbing effect at 2.9-5.6 GHz and 8.8-12.1 GHz.
The wave absorbing and wave transmitting performance of the wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of the composite window absorber can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and a first wave absorbing layer is taken as an example and a wave transmitting resonance point calculation formula is adopted
The wave-transparent performance is determined by the product of an inductance value L and a gap size (equivalent capacitance C), and correspondingly, the wave-transparent frequency points can be adjusted by, for example, ①, changing the inductance value L by ensuring the gap size to be unchanged, ②, slightly changing the gap width (if the gap is set within the range of 0.6-1.5mm, welding can be carried out) under the condition that the inductor can be welded, ③, by changing the gap length, the adjustment effect can be achieved, wherein the method ① is most convenient, and the second wave-absorbing layer is similar.
The cross pattern 2, the cross patch pattern 5, the open square ring pattern 6, the square patch pattern 9, the square ring pattern 10, the square patch pattern 13 and the square ring pattern 14 in the present invention are all sheets made of metallic copper. Various materials adopted by the invention, such as glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic materials, aramid fiber paper honeycomb materials and the like, can adopt commercially available materials. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also adopt other dielectric materials with small changes in relative permittivity, dielectric loss angle, relative permeability, and magnetic loss angle as the substrate; the period of each layer structure can be other values within the range of 18-20mm, the period value is changed, the integral performance of the device is correspondingly changed, in addition, the periods of the 4 functional layer structures can be different from each other, and computer simulation can be correspondingly carried out.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wave absorbing/wave transmitting device of a composite window absorber comprises a first wave absorbing layer (1), a first medium isolation layer (3), a second wave absorbing layer (4), a second medium isolation layer (7), a third wave transmitting layer (8), a third medium isolation layer (11) and a fourth wave transmitting layer (12) from top to bottom in sequence, and is characterized in that,
the first wave absorbing layer (1) is a single-sided copper clad laminate, and a cross pattern (2) array which is periodically arranged in rows and columns is processed on the copper foil; for any one cross-shaped pattern (2) in the array, 2 gaps are arranged on 4 cross-shaped edges starting from the center, in the 2 gaps, a lumped resistor (15) is welded in one gap close to the center, and an inductance device (16) is welded in the other gap far away from the center, so that a first-layer wave-absorbing layer FSS unit is formed;
the second wave absorbing layer (4) is a single-sided copper clad laminate, and a framed cross pattern array which is periodically arranged in rows and columns is processed on the copper foil; any framed cross pattern in the array comprises a right cross patch pattern (5) positioned in the center and an open square ring pattern (6) positioned on the periphery of the right cross patch pattern (5), wherein the cross patch pattern (5) is not in direct contact with the open square ring pattern (6); for any one framed cross pattern, 2 gaps are correspondingly formed in each edge of the open square ring pattern (6), in the 2 gaps, a lumped resistor (17) is welded in one gap close to the end part of the cross patch pattern (5), and an inductance device (18) is welded in the other gap far away from the end part of the cross patch pattern (5), namely close to the vertex angle of the open square ring pattern (6), so that a second-layer wave-absorbing layer FSS unit is formed;
the third wave-transmitting layer (8) is a single-sided copper-clad foil plate, and square pattern arrays with frames which are periodically arranged in rows and columns are processed on the copper foil; any framed square pattern in the array comprises a square patch pattern (9) positioned in the center and square ring patterns (10) positioned at the periphery of the square patch pattern (9), and the square patch pattern (9) is not in direct contact with the square ring patterns (10) so as to form a third wave-transparent layer FSS unit;
the fourth wave-transmitting layer (12) is a single-sided copper-clad plate, and square pattern arrays with frames which are periodically arranged in rows and columns are processed on the copper foil; any framed square pattern in the array comprises a square patch pattern (13) positioned in the center and a square ring pattern (14) positioned at the periphery of the square patch pattern (13), and the square patch pattern (13) is not in direct contact with the square ring pattern (14) so as to form a fourth layer of wave-transparent layer FSS unit;
the wave absorbing/transmitting device can realize the absorption of electromagnetic waves and the transmission of the electromagnetic waves.
2. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the single-sided copper clad laminates of the first wave absorbing layer (1), the second wave absorbing layer (4), the third wave transmitting layer (8) and the fourth wave transmitting layer (12) are all based on a medium substrate, wherein the medium substrates adopted by the first wave absorbing layer (1), the third wave transmitting layer (8) and the fourth wave transmitting layer (12) are all glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin materials, and the thickness is preferably 0.15 mm; the medium substrate adopted by the second wave absorbing layer (4) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth ceramic material, and the thickness is preferably 0.8 mm;
the first medium isolation layer (3), the second medium isolation layer (7) and the third medium isolation layer (11) are made of aramid paper honeycomb materials.
3. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber of claim 1, wherein the gap distance between any one of the first wave absorbing layer (1) and the second wave absorbing layer (4) welded with lumped resistors (15, 17) is 1.5mm, and the gap distance between any one of the gaps welded with inductors (16, 18) is 1.0 mm.
4. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first wave absorbing layer (1), the period of any one FSS unit of the first wave absorbing layer is 18-20 mm; in the second wave-absorbing layer (4), the period of any one FSS unit of the second wave-absorbing layer is 18-20 mm; in the third wave-transmitting layer (8), the period of any FSS unit of the third wave-transmitting layer is 18-20 mm; in the fourth wave-transparent layer (12), the period of any FSS unit of the fourth wave-transparent layer is 18-20 mm.
5. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first wave absorbing layer (1), the line width of the cross-shaped pattern (2) is 1.25-2 mm, and the value of any one of the inductance devices (16) is 8-10 nH;
for any one of the gaps for welding the inductance device (16), the edge of the gap is provided with a protruding copper structure, and the edge of the gap can be widened to form an I-shaped structure.
6. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second wave absorbing layer (4), the side length of the regular cross patch pattern (5) is 11-11.8mm, and the line width is 3.5 mm; the value of any one lumped resistor (17) is 300-450 ohm; the value of any one of the inductance devices (18) is 2.5-3.9 nH;
for any one of the gaps for soldering the inductance device (18), a fan-shaped copper structure protruding toward the cross patch pattern (5) is provided on the edge of the gap near the end of the cross patch pattern (5).
7. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third wave transmitting layer (8), the side length of the square patch pattern (9) is 9.7-12 mm; the line width of the square ring pattern (10) is 1.5-2.35 mm.
8. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of a composite window absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth wave transmitting layer (12), the side length of the square patch pattern (13) is 9.7-12 mm; the line width of the square ring pattern (14) is 1.5-2.35 mm.
9. The wave absorbing/transmitting device of the composite window absorber of claim 1, wherein the wave absorbing/transmitting device as a whole can absorb electromagnetic waves of microwave frequency bands of 2.4 to 4.5GHz and 7.8GHz to 11.4 GHz; the wave absorbing/transmitting device can integrally realize the transmission of electromagnetic waves with a microwave frequency band of 5.2-6.2 GHz.
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