CN111142029A - Method for estimating residual charging time of power battery - Google Patents
Method for estimating residual charging time of power battery Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating the residual charging time of a power battery, which can adapt to different working conditions such as direct current charging, alternating current charging, charging heating and the like and is suitable for power battery packs provided with cooling systems and power battery packs not provided with cooling systems; the residual charging time can be updated in real time according to the output capacity of the charging pile, and the redundant estimation capacity is achieved when the output current of the charging pile is abnormal; the residual charging time can be updated in real time according to the change of the charging target SOC value, and the function of changing the charging target SOC value is compatible; the residual charging time of the power battery can be accurately estimated, accurate reference is provided for a user to use the vehicle, and user experience is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobile battery management systems, and particularly relates to a method for estimating the residual charging time of a power battery.
Background
With the gradual deterioration of global climate, the aggravation of urban atmospheric pollution and the excessive consumption of petroleum resources, more and more people in the automobile field have looked to electric automobiles. The power battery is an important component of the electric automobile, and charging time, residual charging time estimation and the like in the charging process of the power battery are very important for user experience. The accurate estimation of the residual charging time can provide proper guidance for the user to use the vehicle, so that the user can reasonably arrange the vehicle according to the self condition, unnecessary waiting is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
The traditional method for estimating the residual charging time of the power battery is basically obtained by dividing the charging capacity of the power battery by the actual charging current, and has low estimation precision and low user experience.
CN108646190A discloses a method, an apparatus, and a device for estimating remaining battery charging time, which can estimate the remaining battery charging time, but do not consider the output capability of the charging pile and the change of the charging target SOC value, and if the output capability of the charging pile cannot meet the charging demand current or the change of the charging target SOC value in each charging stage, the charging pile still processes the change in the charging target SOC value according to the same estimation method, which may result in inaccurate estimation of the remaining battery charging time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for estimating the residual charging time of a power battery, which can accurately estimate the residual charging time and provide reasonable reference for a user.
The invention discloses a method for estimating the residual charging time of a power battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, judging whether the temperature of the power battery at the current moment is less than a preset temperature threshold TemThreshold(s)And the heating state flag bit indicates that the heating state is activated, if so, the second step is executed, otherwise, the third step is executed;
step two, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the step four, otherwise, returning to execute the step one;
thirdly, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the first step;
fourthly, determining the heating time THeatAnd a charging time TChrgWill heat for a time THeatAnd charging time TChrgAdding to obtain the estimated value T of the residual charging time with heating "Pred(i.e. T "Pred＝THeat+TChrg) Then, the fifth step is executed;
fifthly, judging whether the heating state flag bit of the power battery indicates that the heating state disappears, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the fourth step;
sixthly, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the charging starting moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the charging starting moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; inquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter according to the temperature of the power battery at the charging starting moment to obtain the charging demand current of each charging stage; SOC value SOC of power battery according to charging starting time0And a charging target SOC value SOC at a charging start timeendSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is located at the charging starting time and charging required currents of all the charging stages are calculated, and the estimated value T of the residual charging time at the charging starting time is calculatedPred(0)Using the formula: k0＝TPred(0)÷(SOCend－SOC0) Calculating the initial rate of change K of the remaining charging time0Then, the seventh step is executed;
seventhly, the initial change rate K of the residual charging time0Assigning a value to the change rate calculation value K, and then executing the eighth step;
eighthly, judging the SOC value of the power battery at the current momenttWhether it is smaller than the current charging target SOC valueobjIf yes, executing the ninth step, otherwise ending;
ninth, whether the absolute value of the difference between the actual charging current (which is related to the actual output capacity of the charging pile) of the power battery in the charging stage at the current moment and the charging demand current is larger than or equal to a preset value or not is judgedCurrent threshold value IThreshold(s)And lasts for a preset time TThreshold(s)If yes, executing the tenth step, otherwise executing the eleventh step;
tenth, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; respectively taking a small value of the charging required current of each charging stage and the actual charging current of the charging stage where the power battery is located at the current moment as the calculated current of each charging stage; according to the SOC value SOC of the power battery at the current momenttAnd the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stage of the power battery at the current moment and calculating current of each charging stage, and calculating estimated value T of residual charging time at the current momentPred(t)Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating remaining charging time update change rate K'0Then, the thirteenth step is executed;
step ten, judging whether the charging target SOC value at the current moment is consistent with the charging target SOC value of the previous time, if so, executing the step fourteenth, otherwise, executing the step twelfth;
step ten, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; according to the SOC value SOC of the power battery at the current momenttAnd the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is located at the current moment and charging required currents of all the charging stages are calculated, and estimated value T of residual charging time at the current moment is calculatedPred(t)Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating remaining charging time update change rate K'0Then, the thirteenth step is executed;
step three, updating the change rate K 'of the residual charging time'0Assigning a value to the change rate calculation value K, and then returning to execute the eighth step;
fourteenth, using formula: t isPred(t)＝TPred(t-1)－K×(SOCt－SOCt-1) Calculating the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current momentPred(t)(ii) a Wherein, TPred(t-1)Representing the estimated time to charge, SOC, of a previous calculationtThe SOC value and the SOC of the power battery at the current moment are shownt-1Representing the SOC value of the power battery at the previous time; and then returning to execute the eighth step.
Preferably, the charging time TChrgThe determination method comprises the following steps:
determining a charging stage where the power battery is to be charged at the starting charging moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the starting heating moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; according to the heating target temperature TemtarInquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter to obtain the charging demand current of each charging stage; SOC value SOC of power battery according to heating starting timeHeatAnd the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is to be charged at the initial charging time and charging required current of each charging stage are calculated to obtain charging time TChrg。
Preferably, the heating time THeatBy the formula: t isHeat＝(Temtar－Temmin)×RateDetermining; wherein, TemtarRepresents a heating target temperature, TemminRepresents the minimum temperature of the power battery, TemminWith increasing heating, RateRepresenting the rate of temperature rise of the power cell.
Preferably, the method for determining the charging stage of the power battery at a certain moment comprises the following steps:
judging the relation between the single voltage of the power battery at a certain moment and the charge cut-off voltage of each charging stage;
if the voltage of the power battery monomer at a certain moment is greater than or equal to the charge cut-off voltage of the (k-1) th charging stage and is less than the charge cut-off voltage of the kth charging stage, determining that the charging stage of the power battery at the moment is the kth charging stage; wherein k is an integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the total number of the preset charging stages.
Preferably, the charging phase at which the power battery is to be charged at the charging start time is set as the mth charging phase, and the charging time T is calculatedChrgThe method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjIf the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage is larger than and is smaller than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage, determining that the total charging stages of p-m +1 are provided for the current charging;
when p is m, TChrg＝(SOCobj－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When p is m +1, TChrg＝(SOCCal(m)－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(p)；
When p > m +1, the compound is,
wherein m is not less than p and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(p)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the p-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Represents the movement of the x-1 charging stageSOC calibration value, SOC of force batteryCal(p-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage.
Preferably, the charging stage of the power battery at the charging starting time is set as the mth charging stage, and the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the charging starting time is calculatedPred(0)The method comprises the following steps:
charging target SOC value SOC at charging starting time is judgedendThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if the charging target SOC value at the charging start time is SOCendIf the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the ith-1 charging stage is larger than and is smaller than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the ith charging stage, determining that the charging is performed at the i-m +1 charging stages;
when i ═ m, TPred(0)＝(SOCend－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When i is m +1, TPred(0)＝(SOCCal(m)－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCend－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(i)；
When i > m +1, the ratio of the total of the sum of the values,
wherein m is not less than I and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(i)Indicating the charging demand current, I, of the ith charging stageReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(i-1)Dynamic electricity for indicating i-1 charging stageAnd calibrating the SOC of the pool.
Preferably, the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment is set as the r-th charging stage, and the estimated value T of the residual charging time at the current moment is calculated in the tenth stepPred(t)The method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjIf the SOC of the power battery is greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 th charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h charging stage, h-r charging stages are determined after the r charging stage;
when h is r, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)；
When h is r +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(r)－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(r))×Cap÷Ijs(h)；
When h is greater than r +1,
wherein r is not less than h and not more than n, Ijs(r)Representing the calculated current, I, of the r-th charging phasejs(r)＝[IReq(r)，I]min，Ijs(h)Represents the calculated current, I, of the h-th charging phasejs(x)Representing the calculated current, SOC, of the x-th charging phaseCal(r)Indicating the SOC calibration, SOC of the power cell at the r-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(h-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 charging stage.
Preferably, the charging stage where the power is located at the current time is set as the f-th charging stage, and the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current time is calculated in the twelfth stepPred(t)The method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjIf the SOC of the power battery is greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w charging stage, determining that w-f charging stages are carried out after the f charging stage;
when w is f, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)；
When w is f +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(f)－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(f))×Cap÷IReq(w)；
When w > f +1, the ratio of,
wherein f is not less than w is not more than n, IReq(f)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the f-th charging phaseReq(w)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the w-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(f)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the f-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(w-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage.
The invention can adapt to different working conditions such as direct current charging, alternating current charging, charging heating and the like, and is suitable for power battery packs provided with cooling systems and power battery packs not provided with cooling systems; the residual charging time can be updated in real time according to the output capacity of the charging pile, and the redundant estimation capacity is achieved when the output current of the charging pile is abnormal; the residual charging time can be updated in real time according to the change of the charging target SOC value, and the function of changing the charging target SOC value is compatible; the residual charging time of the power battery can be accurately estimated, accurate reference is provided for a user to use the vehicle, and user experience is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of estimation of remaining charging time of a power battery.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for estimating the remaining charging time of the power battery in the embodiment is executed by the controller. The controller can acquire a charging state flag bit, the temperature of the power battery at each moment, the lowest temperature of the power battery, a heating state flag bit, the single voltage of the power battery at each moment, the SOC value of the power battery at each moment, a charging target SOC value at each moment and the actual charging current of the power battery in a charging stage; the manner of acquiring each signal is prior art. The storage module of the controller is internally stored with a preset temperature threshold TemThreshold(s)A predetermined current threshold IThreshold(s)A preset time TThreshold(s)A preset total number n of charging stages, and a battery charging capacity calibration value CapHeating target temperature TemtarTemperature rise rate R of power batteryateThe method comprises the following steps of calibrating a temperature-charging demand ammeter (namely a corresponding relation table of temperature obtained by calibration and charging demand current of n charging stages, wherein the calibration mode is the prior art), charging cut-off voltage of n charging stages and power battery SOC calibration values of n charging stages.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for estimating the remaining charging time of the power battery includes:
firstly, judging whether the temperature of the power battery at the current moment is less than a preset temperature threshold TemThreshold(s)And the heating state flag bit indicates that the heating state is activated, if so, the second step is executed, otherwise, the third step is executed.
And step two, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the step four, otherwise, returning to execute the step one.
And thirdly, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the first step.
Fourthly, determining the heating time THeatAnd a charging time TChrgWill heat for a time THeatAnd charging time TChrgAdding to obtain the estimated value T of the residual charging time with heating "Pred(i.e. T "Pred＝THeat+TChrg) And then the fifth step is executed.
Wherein the heating time THeatBy the formula: t isHeat＝(Temtar－Temmin)×RateDetermining; temtarRepresents a heating target temperature, TemminRepresents the minimum temperature of the power battery, TemminWith increasing heating, RateRepresenting the rate of temperature rise of the power cell.
Wherein the charging time TChrgThe determination method comprises the following steps:
determining a charging stage at which the power battery is to be charged at the starting charging moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the starting heating moment and the charging cut-off voltages of n charging stages: and if the voltage of the power battery monomer at the heating starting moment (also equal to the voltage of the power battery monomer at the charging starting moment) is greater than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the m-1 charging stage and is less than the charging cut-off voltage of the m charging stage, determining that the charging stage where the power battery will be located at the charging starting moment is the m charging stage, and m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
According to the heating target temperature TemtarAnd inquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter to obtain the charging demand current of n charging stages.
Judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjAnd the relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery in n charging stages is as follows: if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjPower battery SO larger than p-1 charging stageC is calibrated and is less than or equal to the SOC calibrated value of the power battery in the p charging stage (i.e. if the SOC is calibrated)Cal(p-1)＜SOCobj≤SOCCal(p)) Then it is determined that there are p-m +1 charging phases total for this charge.
When p is m, TChrg＝(SOCobj－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When p is m +1, TChrg＝(SOCCal(m)－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(p)；
When p > m +1, the compound is,
wherein m is not less than p and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(p)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the p-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(p-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage.
And fifthly, judging whether the heating state flag bit of the power battery shows that the heating state disappears, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the fourth step.
Sixthly, calculating the estimated value T of the residual charging time at the charging starting momentPred(0)And initial rate of change of remaining charge time K0And then the seventh step is executed.
Wherein T is calculatedPred(0)And K0The method comprises the following steps:
determining the charging stage of the power battery at the charging starting moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the charging starting moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage: and if the voltage of the power battery at the charging starting moment is greater than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the m-1 th charging stage and is less than the charging cut-off voltage of the m-th charging stage, determining that the charging stage of the power battery at the charging starting moment is the m-th charging stage, and m is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
And inquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter according to the temperature of the power battery at the charging starting moment to obtain the charging demand current of n charging stages.
Charging target SOC value SOC at charging starting time is judgedendAnd the relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery in n charging stages is as follows: if the charging target SOC value at the charging start time is SOCendIs greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the i-1 th charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the i-th charging stage (namely if the SOC calibration value isCal(i-1)＜SOCend≤SOCCal(i)) Then it is determined that there are i-m +1 charging phases total for this charge.
When i ═ m, TPred(0)＝(SOCend－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When i is m +1, TPred(0)＝(SOCCal(m)－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCend－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(i)；
When i > m +1, the ratio of the total of the sum of the values,
wherein m is not less than I and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(i)Indicating the charging demand current, I, of the ith charging stageReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(i-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the i-1 st charging stage.
Using the formula: k0＝TPred(0)÷(SOCend－SOC0) And calculating to obtain the initial change rate K of the residual charging time0。
Seventhly, the initial change rate K of the residual charging time0Assigning a change rate calculation value K (even if K equals K)0) And then the eighth step is executed.
Eighthly, judging the SOC value of the power battery at the current momenttWhether it is smaller than the current charging target SOC valueobjIf yes, executing the ninth step, otherwise ending.
Ninth, judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the actual charging current I and the charging demand current of the power battery in the charging stage at the current moment is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold I or notThreshold(s)And lasts for a preset time TThreshold(s)(say 30s), if so, then the tenth step is performed, otherwise the eleventh step is performed.
Tenth, calculating the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current momentPred(t)And remaining charging time update change rate K'0And then the thirteenth step is performed.
Wherein T is calculatedPred(t)And K'0The method comprises the following steps:
determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltages of n charging stages: and if the voltage of the power battery at the current moment is greater than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the (r-1) th charging stage and is less than the charging cut-off voltage of the (r) th charging stage, determining that the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment is the (r) th charging stage, and r is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
And respectively taking the charging required current of the n charging stages and the actual charging current I of the charging stage where the power battery is located at the current moment as the calculated current of the n charging stages.
Judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjAnd the relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery in n charging stages is as follows: if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjIs greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h charging stage (namely if the SOC calibration value isCal(h-1)＜SOCobj≤SOCCal(h)) Then it is determined that h-r charging phases follow the r-th charging phase.
When h is r, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)；
When h is r +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(r)－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(r))×Cap÷Ijs(h)；
When h is greater than r +1,
wherein r is not less than h and not more than n, Ijs(r)Representing the calculated current, I, of the r-th charging phasejs(r)＝[IReq(r)，I]min(i.e. taking a small value), IReq(r)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the r-th charging phasejs(h)Represents the calculated current, I, of the h-th charging phasejs(h)＝[IReq(h)，I]min，IReq(h)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the h-th charging phasejs(x)Represents the calculated current, I, of the x-th charging phasejs(x)＝[IReq(x)，I]min，IReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(r)Indicating the SOC calibration, SOC of the power cell at the r-th charging stageCal(x)Power battery SOC calibration representing the x-th charging phaseValue, SOCCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(h-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 charging stage.
Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating to obtain a residual charging time update change rate K'0。
And step ten, judging whether the charging target SOC value at the current moment is consistent with the charging target SOC value of the previous time, if so, executing the step fourteenth, and if not, executing the step twelfth.
The twelfth step of calculating the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current timePred(t)And remaining charging time update change rate K'0And then the thirteenth step is performed.
Wherein T is calculatedPred(t)And K'0The method comprises the following steps:
determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltages of n charging stages: and if the voltage of the power battery at the current moment is greater than or equal to the charging cut-off voltage of the (f-1) th charging stage and is less than the charging cut-off voltage of the (f) th charging stage, determining that the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment is the (f) th charging stage, and f is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n.
Judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjAnd the relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery in n charging stages is as follows: if the charging target SOC value at the current moment is SOCobjIs greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w charging stage (namely if the SOC calibration value isCal(w-1)＜SOCobj≤SOCCal(w)) Then it is determined that w-f charging phases follow the f-th charging phase.
When w is f, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)；
When w is f +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(f)－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(f))×Cap÷IReq(w)；
When w > f +1, the ratio of,
wherein f is not less than w is not more than n, IReq(f)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the f-th charging phaseReq(w)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the w-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(f)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the f-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(w-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage.
Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating to obtain a residual charging time update change rate K'0。
Step three, updating the change rate K 'of the residual charging time'0The change rate calculation value K (even K ═ K'0) And then returns to execute the eighth step.
Fourteenth, using formula: t isPred(t)＝TPred(t-1)－K×(SOCt－SOCt-1) Calculating the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current momentPred(t)(ii) a Wherein, TPred(t-1)Representing the estimated time to charge, SOC, of a previous calculationtThe SOC value and the SOC of the power battery at the current moment are shownt-1Representing the SOC value of the power battery at the previous time; and then returning to execute the eighth step.
Claims (8)
1. A method for estimating the residual charging time of a power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, judging whether the temperature of the power battery at the current moment is less than a preset temperature threshold TemThreshold(s)And the heating state flag bit indicates that the heating state is activated, if so, the second step is executed, otherwise, the third step is executed;
step two, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the step four, otherwise, returning to execute the step one;
thirdly, judging whether the flag bit of the charging state indicates charging, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the first step;
fourthly, determining the heating time THeatAnd a charging time TChrgWill heat for a time THeatAnd charging time TChrgAdding to obtain the estimated value T of the residual charging time with heating "PredThen, the fifth step is executed;
fifthly, judging whether the heating state flag bit of the power battery indicates that the heating state disappears, if so, executing the sixth step, otherwise, returning to execute the fourth step;
sixthly, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the charging starting moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the charging starting moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; inquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter according to the temperature of the power battery at the charging starting moment to obtain the charging demand current of each charging stage; SOC value SOC of power battery according to charging starting time0And a charging target SOC value SOC at a charging start timeendSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is located at the charging starting time and charging required currents of all the charging stages are calculated, and the estimated value T of the residual charging time at the charging starting time is calculatedPred(0)Using the formula: k0＝TPred(0)÷(SOCend－SOC0) Calculating the initial rate of change K of the remaining charging time0Then, the seventh step is executed;
seventhly, the initial change rate K of the residual charging time0Assigning a value to the change rate calculation value K, and then executing the eighth step;
eighthly, judging the SOC value of the power battery at the current momenttWhether it is smaller than the current charging target SOC valueobjIf yes, executing the ninth step, otherwise ending;
ninth, judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the actual charging current and the charging demand current of the power battery in the charging stage at the current moment is greater than or equal to a preset current threshold IThreshold(s)And lasts for a preset time TThreshold(s)If yes, executing the tenth step, otherwise executing the eleventh step;
tenth, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; respectively taking a small value of the charging required current of each charging stage and the actual charging current of the charging stage where the power battery is located at the current moment as the calculated current of each charging stage; according to SOCt、SOCobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stage of the power battery at the current moment and calculating current of each charging stage, and calculating estimated value T of residual charging time at the current momentPred(t)Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating remaining charging time update change rate K'0Then, the thirteenth step is executed;
step ten, judging whether the charging target SOC value at the current moment is consistent with the charging target SOC value of the previous time, if so, executing the step fourteenth, otherwise, executing the step twelfth;
step ten, determining the charging stage of the power battery at the current moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the current moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; according to SOCt、SOCobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is located at the current moment and charging required currents of all the charging stages are calculated, and estimated value T of residual charging time at the current moment is calculatedPred(t)Using the formula: k'0＝TPred(t)÷(SOCobj－SOCt) Calculating remaining charging time update change rate K'0Then, the thirteenth step is executed;
step three, updating the change rate K 'of the residual charging time'0Assigning a value to the change rate calculation value K, and then returning to execute the eighth step;
fourteenth, using formula: t isPred(t)＝TPred(t-1)－K×(SOCt－SOCt-1) Calculating the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current momentPred(t)(ii) a Wherein, TPred(t-1)Representing the estimated time to charge, SOC, of a previous calculationt-1Representing the SOC value of the power battery at the previous time; and then returning to execute the eighth step.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the charging time T is the charging time TChrgThe determination method comprises the following steps:
determining a charging stage where the power battery is to be charged at the starting charging moment according to the single voltage of the power battery at the starting heating moment and the charging cut-off voltage of each charging stage; according to the heating target temperature TemtarInquiring a temperature-charging demand ammeter to obtain the charging demand current of each charging stage; SOC value SOC of power battery according to heating starting timeHeatAnd the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjSOC calibration value and battery charging capacity calibration value C of power battery in each charging stageapCharging stages where the power battery is to be charged at the initial charging time and charging required current of each charging stage are calculated to obtain charging time TChrg。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the heating time T is the time T for which the power battery is left to chargeHeatBy the formula: t isHeat＝(Temtar－Temmin)×RateDetermining; wherein, TemminRepresents the minimum temperature of the power battery, TemminWith increasing heating, RateTo represent powerRate of temperature rise of the cell.
4. The method for estimating the remaining charging time of the power battery according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the method for determining the charging stage of the power battery at a certain moment is as follows:
judging the relation between the single voltage of the power battery at a certain moment and the charge cut-off voltage of each charging stage;
if the voltage of the power battery monomer at a certain moment is greater than or equal to the charge cut-off voltage of the (k-1) th charging stage and is less than the charge cut-off voltage of the kth charging stage, determining that the charging stage of the power battery at the moment is the kth charging stage; wherein k is an integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n, and n is the total number of the preset charging stages.
5. The method for estimating remaining charging time of a power battery according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the charging phase where the power battery is to be charged at the charging start time is set as the m-th charging phase, and the charging time T is calculatedChrgThe method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if SOCobjIf the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage is larger than and is smaller than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage, determining that the total charging stages of p-m +1 are provided for the current charging;
when p is m, TChrg＝(SOCobj－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When p is m +1, TChrg＝(SOCCal(m)－SOCHeat)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(p)；
When p > m +1, the compound is,
wherein m is not less than p and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(p)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the p-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(p-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the p-1 charging stage.
6. The method for estimating the remaining charging time of a power battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein the charging stage of the power battery at the charging start time is set as the m-th charging stage, and the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the charging start time is calculatedPred(0)The method comprises the following steps:
charging target SOC value SOC at charging starting time is judgedendThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if SOCendIf the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the ith-1 charging stage is larger than and is smaller than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the ith charging stage, determining that the charging is performed at the i-m +1 charging stages;
when i ═ m, TPred(0)＝(SOCend－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)；
When i is m +1, TPred(0)＝(SOCCal(m)－SOC0)×Cap÷IReq(m)+(SOCend－SOCCal(m))×Cap÷IReq(i)；
When i > m +1, the ratio of the total of the sum of the values,
wherein m is not less than I and not more than n, IReq(m)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the m-th charging phaseReq(i)Indicating the charging demand current, I, of the ith charging stageReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(m)Representing the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC at the m-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(i-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the i-1 st charging stage.
7. The method for estimating the remaining charging time of a power battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein the charging stage of the power battery at the current time is set as the r-th charging stage, and the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current time is calculated in the tenth stepPred(t)The method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if SOCobjIf the SOC of the power battery is greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 th charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h charging stage, h-r charging stages are determined after the r charging stage;
when h is r, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)；
When h is r +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(r)－SOCt)×Cap÷Ijs(r)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(r))×Cap÷Ijs(h)；
When h is greater than r +1,
wherein r is not less than h and not more than n, Ijs(r)Representing the calculated current, I, of the r-th charging phasejs(h)Represents the calculated current, I, of the h-th charging phasejs(x)Representing the calculated current, SOC, of the x-th charging phaseCal(r)Indicating the SOC calibration, SOC of the power cell at the r-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(h-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the h-1 charging stage.
8. The method for estimating the remaining charging time of a power battery according to claim 4, wherein the charging stage where the power is located at the current time is set as the f-th charging stage, and the twelfth step calculates the estimated value T of the remaining charging time at the current timePred(t)The method comprises the following steps:
judging the charging target SOC value SOC at the current momentobjThe relation between the SOC calibration values of the power battery and the SOC calibration values of the power battery in each charging stage;
if SOCobjIf the SOC of the power battery is greater than the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage and is less than or equal to the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w charging stage, determining that w-f charging stages are carried out after the f charging stage;
when w is f, TPred(t)＝(SOCobj－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)；
When w is f +1, TPred(t)＝(SOCCal(f)－SOCt)×Cap÷IReq(f)+(SOCobj－SOCCal(f))×Cap÷IReq(w)；
When w > f +1, the ratio of,
wherein f is not less than w is not more than n, IReq(f)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the f-th charging phaseReq(w)Represents the charging demand current, I, of the w-th charging phaseReq(x)Indicating the charging demand current, SOC, of the x-th charging stageCal(f)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the f-th charging stageCal(x)Indicating the power battery SOC calibration value, SOC, at the x-th charging stageCal(x-1)Representing the SOC calibration value, SOC of the power battery in the x-1 charging stageCal(w-1)And showing the SOC calibration value of the power battery in the w-1 charging stage.
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