CN111140422A - Wave energy power generation facility based on piezoelectric effect - Google Patents
Wave energy power generation facility based on piezoelectric effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140422A CN111140422A CN201911400346.XA CN201911400346A CN111140422A CN 111140422 A CN111140422 A CN 111140422A CN 201911400346 A CN201911400346 A CN 201911400346A CN 111140422 A CN111140422 A CN 111140422A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/183—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a wave energy power generation device based on a piezoelectric effect, which comprises a piezoelectric energy harvesting device and a power supply control box, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is arranged on the offshore seabed, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device comprises a single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate, the single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate comprises a plurality of rigid organic material plates capable of bending and deforming within a certain range, a plurality of piezoelectric films capable of stretching along with the bending and deforming of the rigid organic material plates are arranged in the single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is connected to the power supply control box through a submarine cable, and the power supply control box is connected with electric equipment. The invention has simple structure, saves cost compared with the traditional complex wave energy power generation device, improves the power generation efficiency, provides energy supplement for the ocean exploration equipment which is unattended and works for a long time and is limited by the electric quantity of the battery, prolongs the service life of the ocean exploration equipment and obtains great economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy harvesting, in particular to a wave energy power generation device based on a piezoelectric effect.
Background
The energy is very important for national construction and scientific and technological development. As a developing big country, the demand of our country for energy is increasing day by day. The traditional non-renewable energy sources are accompanied with serious environmental pollution problems in the development and use process, and further development of the economic society is restricted. The green novel energy has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, renewability and the like, is widely concerned and researched, and finally replaces the domination position of the traditional energy to become new mainstream energy.
The green and clean ocean wave energy has great development and utilization potential. The wave energy is the most easily directly utilized and inexhaustible renewable clean energy, and 7000 thousand kilowatt wave energy is stored in the coast line of the national kilometers, so that the wave energy has a wide development and utilization prospect. At present, the technology of generating electricity by using wave energy is thousands, and the technology is mainly divided into three major categories, namely mechanical type, pneumatic type and hydraulic type according to the energy intermediate conversion link. However, most wave energy power generation devices have the problems of complex structure, high cost, low energy conversion efficiency and the like, the cost of large-scale wave energy power generation is difficult to compete with that of conventional energy power generation, and low-power wave energy power generation with special purposes is popularized and applied to navigation buoys, light piles, lighthouses and the like.
The piezoelectric material is used as a force-electricity coupling material, can convert mechanical energy in the environment into electric energy for power generation, and the characteristic is the piezoelectric effect. In recent years, piezoelectric materials have been widely studied and developed, and have become a key research direction of green new energy. Piezoelectric technology is currently used in many areas, such as chargers, power generation from sidewalks, tidal power generation from oceans, tire testing, and the like. In the technical field of wave energy capture, the traditional wave energy power generation device has the disadvantages of complex structure, high preparation cost and low power generation efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention designs the wave energy power generation device based on the piezoelectric effect, which has simple structure, low cost and high energy conversion efficiency and can supply power for equipment such as ocean exploration equipment, hydrological detection equipment, navigation buoys and the like.
A wave energy power generation device based on piezoelectric effect is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric energy harvesting device and a power control box, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is arranged on the sea bottom of the offshore sea and comprises a piezoelectric energy harvesting plate and a rigid organic material plate which is connected with the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate and can bend and deform within a certain range, a plurality of piezoelectric films which can stretch along with the bending deformation of the rigid organic material plate are arranged in the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is connected to the power control box;
when the piezoelectric film layer is under the action of wave load, the piezoelectric film layer deforms along with the rigid organic material plate, the polarization phenomenon occurs inside the piezoelectric film layer, positive and negative opposite charges can appear on the two opposite surfaces, and the charges are output through the electrode layers to form current, so that ocean wave energy is converted into electric energy by utilizing the piezoelectric effect.
Further, the number of the piezoelectric energy harvesting plates is multiple.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device comprises a vertical cylindrical steel pipe, and a plurality of piezoelectric energy harvesting plates are fixedly connected to the cylindrical steel pipe in parallel.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is in a regular polygon shape, the center of the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is a cylindrical rigid sleeve, the inner side of the sleeve is provided with threads, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is fixed on the cylindrical steel pipe through the cylindrical rigid sleeve.
Furthermore, the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate comprises a plurality of trapezoidal piezoelectric structural units which are same in shape and extend along the radial direction, the piezoelectric structural units are distributed at equal intervals and uniformly surround the circumference of the cylindrical rigid sleeve, and the adjacent piezoelectric structural units are connected by adopting a high-elasticity material layer, so that the organic material plate can swing along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with waves within a certain range.
Further, the piezoelectric structure unit is divided into five layers from top to bottom, and the five layers are sequentially as follows: rigid organic material plate-electrode layer-piezoelectric film layer-electrode layer-flexible waterproof organic material layer.
And further, the electrode layers are connected in series through insulated wires, and the insulated wires are led into the wall of the cylindrical steel pipe through holes reserved in the rigid sleeve, are gathered together and are connected to a power supply detection device at the bottom of the sea.
Furthermore, the power supply control box comprises a voltage stabilizing rectifying device, energy storage equipment and a voltage transformation output device, the power supply detection device is connected with the voltage stabilizing rectifying device through a submarine cable, then the available electric energy is transmitted to the electric equipment through the voltage transformation output device, and the redundant electric energy is transmitted to the electric energy storage equipment through the voltage transformation output device for storage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the piezoelectric energy harvesting device for collecting ocean wave energy is arranged on the sea bottom of the offshore bank, and the piezoelectric effect is utilized to convert the mechanical energy of the wave energy acting on the surface of the piezoelectric structure unit into electric energy, collect and utilize the electric energy and provide green energy for ocean detection equipment, hydrological detection equipment, navigation buoys and the like; the rigid organic material plate capable of bending and deforming in a certain range and the flexible piezoelectric film adopted by the invention can swing along with the surging of waves, so that the energy collection efficiency is greatly increased. The wave energy power generation device based on the piezoelectric effect is simple in structure, easy to process and manufacture, energy-saving and environment-friendly, saves cost compared with the traditional complex wave energy power generation device, improves power generation efficiency, provides energy supplement for ocean detection equipment which is unattended and works for a long time and is limited by battery power, prolongs the service life of the ocean detection equipment and obtains huge economic benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wave energy power generation device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric structural unit.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the wave energy power generation device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power control box.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the invention will become more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the wave energy power generation device based on piezoelectric effect of the present invention includes two parts: a piezoelectric energy harvesting device 18 arranged on the offshore seabed and a power control box 12. The piezoelectric energy harvesting device 18 comprises a vertical cylindrical steel pipe 8 installed on the sea bottom of the offshore sea, a cylindrical rigid sleeve 9 is arranged in the center of a single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate 13, threads 19 are arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical rigid sleeve 9, the single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13 are fixed on the cylindrical steel pipe 8 through the cylindrical rigid sleeve 9, the piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13 are arranged at equal intervals and are parallel to the sea bottom of the offshore sea, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13 are directly contacted with wave load to bear the action of wave load impact force.
Piezoelectric energy harvesting board 13 is regular polygon, including the same piezoelectricity constitutional unit 1 of a plurality of shape, piezoelectricity constitutional unit 1 equidistance distributes, evenly encircles around cylinder rigidity sleeve 9, adopts high elasticity EVA layer 6 to connect between adjacent piezoelectricity constitutional unit 1 for organic material board 13 can be along the level to, vertical direction along with the wave swing within a certain limit.
In this embodiment, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device 18 adopts 3-4 layers of piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13, the piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13 are in a regular 24-sided shape, the single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate 13 includes 12 piezoelectric structure units 1, and in other embodiments, the number of layers of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device 18 and the number of the piezoelectric structure units 1 of the single-layer piezoelectric energy harvesting plate 13 depend on the power supply requirement of the actual power consumption equipment.
The piezoelectric structure unit 1 can be divided into five layers, which are sequentially as follows: the flexible waterproof organic material comprises a rigid organic material plate 3, an electrode layer 4, a PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2, an electrode layer 4 and a flexible waterproof organic material layer 5. In this embodiment, the rigid organic material plate 3 is made of a rigid organic material capable of bending and deforming within a certain range, and the electrode layer 4 is made of phosphor copper. The PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2 is in a wafer shape, has the thickness of 2mm and the diameter of 5mm, and is arranged in the piezoelectric structural unit 1 in an array manner; the thickness of the electrode layer 4 is 1mm, and the electrode layer is completely covered on the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the PVDF piezoelectric film layer 2; the thickness of the waterproof organic material layer 5 is 5mm, and the PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2 and the electrode layer 4 are completely wrapped between the rigid organic material plates 3 to form a sealed waterproof space; the thickness of the rigid organic material plate is 3mm, and the materials of all layers are bonded by strong glue. The PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2 can expand and contract with the bending deformation of the rigid organic material plate 3.
The electrode layers 4 are connected in series through insulated wires 20, the insulated wires 20 are led into the pipe wall 7 of the cylindrical steel pipe 8 through holes reserved in the rigid sleeve 9, and the insulated wires 20 led out from the piezoelectric energy harvesting plates 13 are gathered together through the pipe wall 7 and connected to a power supply detection device 10 at the bottom of the sea. The insulated wire 20 is coated in the flexible organic material film to prevent seawater erosion.
When the PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2 is subjected to the action of wave load, the PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2 deforms along with the rigid organic material plate 3, the polarization phenomenon can occur inside the PVDF piezoelectric thin film layer 2, charges with opposite positive and negative polarities can appear on two opposite surfaces, the charges are transmitted through the electrode layer 4 to form current, the current is transmitted to the power supply detection device 10 on the seabed through the insulated wire 20, the power supply detection device 10 transmits electric energy to the power supply control box 12 through the submarine cable 11, and the power supply control box 12 is connected with the electric equipment 17, so that the piezoelectric effect is utilized, ocean wave energy is converted into electric energy, and the effect of supplying power to the electric equipment 17 is achieved. The electric equipment 17 can be ocean exploration equipment, hydrological detection equipment, navigation buoys and other related electric equipment.
The power control box 12 comprises a voltage-stabilizing rectifying device 14, a voltage-transformation output device 15 and an energy storage device 16, wherein the voltage-transformation output device 15 is connected with an electric device 17. The voltage-stabilizing rectifying device 14 adopts a common voltage-stabilizing rectifying circuit to perform voltage-stabilizing rectification on the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting device 18; the transformation output device 15 adopts a common transformer and is used for matching with the rated voltage of the electric equipment 17; the energy storage device 16 may be an electric storage device with a certain capacity, and store the surplus electric energy for use when the generated energy is insufficient.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All modifications, equivalents and the like which come within the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wave energy power generation device based on piezoelectric effect is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric energy harvesting device and a power control box, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is arranged on the sea bottom of the offshore sea and comprises a piezoelectric energy harvesting plate and a rigid organic material plate which is connected with the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate and can bend and deform within a certain range, a plurality of piezoelectric films which can stretch along with the bending deformation of the rigid organic material plate are arranged in the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting device is connected to the power control box;
when the piezoelectric film layer is under the action of wave load, the piezoelectric film layer deforms along with the rigid organic material plate, the polarization phenomenon occurs inside the piezoelectric film layer, positive and negative opposite charges can appear on the two opposite surfaces, and the charges are output through the electrode layers to form current, so that ocean wave energy is converted into electric energy by utilizing the piezoelectric effect.
2. The piezoelectric effect based wave power generation device of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is multiple.
3. The wave power generation device based on the piezoelectric effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting device comprises a vertical cylindrical steel pipe, and a plurality of piezoelectric energy harvesting plates are fixedly connected to the cylindrical steel pipe in parallel.
4. The piezoelectric effect based wave power generation device according to claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is in a regular polygon shape, the center of the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is a cylindrical rigid sleeve, threads are arranged on the inner side of the sleeve, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate is fixed on the cylindrical steel pipe through the cylindrical rigid sleeve.
5. The wave power generation device based on the piezoelectric effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric energy harvesting plate comprises a plurality of trapezoidal piezoelectric structural units with the same shape and extending along the radial direction, the piezoelectric structural units are distributed at equal intervals and uniformly surround the circumference of the cylindrical rigid sleeve, and the adjacent piezoelectric structural units are connected by adopting a high-elasticity material layer, so that the organic material plate can swing along with waves along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a certain range.
6. The piezoelectric effect based wave power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric structure unit is divided into five layers from top to bottom, and the five layers are sequentially as follows: rigid organic material plate-electrode layer-piezoelectric film layer-electrode layer-flexible waterproof organic material layer.
7. The wave power generation device based on piezoelectric effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrode layers are connected in series through insulated wires, and the insulated wires are introduced into the wall of the cylindrical steel pipe through the holes reserved in the rigid sleeve, are gathered together, and are connected to a power supply detection device at the sea bottom.
8. A wave power plant based on piezoelectric effect as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the power control box comprises a voltage stabilizing rectifier, an energy storage device and a transformer output device, the power detection device is connected with the voltage stabilizing rectifier through a submarine cable, then the available electric energy is transmitted to the electric equipment through the transformer output device, and the surplus electric energy is transmitted to the electric energy storage device through the transformer output device for storage.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111835226A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-27 | 河海大学 | Cantilever type piezoelectric energy harvesting device based on box girder vibration |
CN113027664A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 华中科技大学 | Wave energy recovery device and method based on electrochemical principle |
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CN107288809A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-10-24 | 嘉兴南洋职业技术学院 | Wave energy generating set based on piezoelectric |
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CN209340083U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-09-03 | 新奥数能科技有限公司 | A kind of energy conversion device |
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JPH10103215A (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-04-21 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Wave motion generator |
JP2014114732A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-26 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Laminated power generation moored body |
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CN111835226A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-27 | 河海大学 | Cantilever type piezoelectric energy harvesting device based on box girder vibration |
CN113027664A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 华中科技大学 | Wave energy recovery device and method based on electrochemical principle |
CN113027664B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-08-05 | 华中科技大学 | Wave energy recovery device and method based on electrochemical principle |
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