CN111140350A - System and method for testing capture rate and scavenging efficiency of two-stroke engine - Google Patents
System and method for testing capture rate and scavenging efficiency of two-stroke engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140350A CN111140350A CN201911285666.5A CN201911285666A CN111140350A CN 111140350 A CN111140350 A CN 111140350A CN 201911285666 A CN201911285666 A CN 201911285666A CN 111140350 A CN111140350 A CN 111140350A
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- stroke engine
- tracer gas
- scavenging efficiency
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- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 49
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/081—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices relating to endless members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/084—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices indicating economy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test system for the capture rate and the scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine, which acts on a cylinder, wherein the top of the cylinder is provided with a fuel injector, the two sides of the top of a combustion chamber of the cylinder are respectively provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, the air inlet channel is filled with trace gas, and the air outlet channel is connected with a tester to detect the amount of the trace gas. It also discloses a test method comprising: under the state that the intake valve and the exhaust valve are opened simultaneously, part of the tracer gas directly enters the exhaust passage from the intake passage without being combusted, while the other part of the tracer gas remains in the combustion chamber, and when the combustion stage is reached, the tracer gas remaining in the combustion chamber is completely combusted; and measuring the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage of the two-stroke engine within a set measuring time by using the tester so as to determine the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine. The invention has simple operation, easy realization and high measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engine testing, and particularly relates to a system and a method for testing the capture rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine.
Background
Two-stroke engines suffer from large breathing losses due to the large valve overlap angle, which reduces the overall efficiency of the engine. The quality of the ventilation can be evaluated by the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency, so that the measurement of the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine is particularly important. The current trapping rate and scavenging efficiency testing technology cannot meet the current requirements, and therefore a testing method for measuring the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine is urgently needed to be developed.
The current methods for measuring the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of two-stroke engines are mainly in-cylinder direct sampling test methods or trace gas test methods with low auto-ignition points. The method of directly sampling in the cylinder has the problems of difficult experiment operation and few test working conditions, and the test precision can not be ensured by adopting the test method of the tracer gas with low spontaneous combustion point. Therefore, a system and a method for testing the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine, which are simple in experimental operation, easy to implement and guaranteed in precision, are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system and a method for testing the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a test system of two-stroke engine entrapment rate and scavenging efficiency, acts on the cylinder, and the cylinder top is provided with the sprayer, the top both sides of cylinder combustion chamber are provided with intake duct and exhaust passage respectively, the intake duct lets in tracer gas, the tester detects the tracer gas volume is connected to the exhaust passage.
The air inlet channel is connected to the air bottle through the pressure stabilizing cavity, the pressure reducing valve and the flow meter.
The boundary value of the volume concentration of the tracer gas in the inlet channel is 3000 ppm.
The tracer gas is methane.
The maximum measuring range of the flowmeter is 5L/min, the precision is +/-3%, and the flowmeter is a methane special flowmeter.
The distance between the position of the air inlet channel communicated with the methane and the combustion chamber is more than 2 meters.
The measuring port of the tester is close to the exhaust port, and the temperature at the exhaust port is lower than the spontaneous combustion temperature of the tracer gas;
the tester measures the volume concentration of methane in the exhaust passage of the two-stroke engine, and the measurement range is 0-5000ppm, and the precision is +/-5%.
The measurement time was 20 s.
The second object of the invention is a test method of a test system for the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine, which comprises the following steps:
1) under the state that the intake valve and the exhaust valve are opened simultaneously, one part of tracer gas directly enters the exhaust passage from the intake passage without being combusted, and the other part of tracer gas is remained in the combustion chamber, and when the combustion stage is reached, the tracer gas remained in the combustion chamber is completely combusted;
2) the method comprises the steps of measuring the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in an exhaust passage of the two-stroke engine within a set measuring time by using a tester, and simultaneously determining the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine by comparing the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the air inlet passage within the measuring time with the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage due to the fact that the tracer gas and fresh air are fully mixed, wherein the measuring port of the tester is close to the exhaust port, and the temperature at the exhaust port is lower than the autoignition temperature of the tracer gas.
Has the advantages that:
1. the method can accurately measure and calculate the capture rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine, and provides a guide direction for improving the air change performance of the two-stroke engine;
2. the invention meets the actual requirement under the condition of meeting the measurement precision;
3. the invention has simple experimental operation and small modification to the engine, and can meet the measurement and calculation of the capture rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine under high speed and heavy load because the adopted tracer gas has higher self-ignition point.
Drawings
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a system and method for testing the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a two-stroke engine with intake and exhaust valves simultaneously open according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a combustion phase two-stroke engine according to the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: the device comprises an oil sprayer 1, an inlet valve 2, a throttle valve 3, an air inlet channel 4, a pressure stabilizing cavity 5, a computer 6, a pressure reducing valve 7, a primary pressure reducing valve 7-1, a secondary pressure reducing valve 7-2, a flowmeter 8, an air bottle 9, a dynamometer 10, a piston 11, a tester 12, an air cylinder 13, a combustion chamber 14, an exhaust channel 15, an exhaust valve 16 and a crankshaft 17.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a test system for a capture rate and a scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine acts on a cylinder 13, a fuel injector 1 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 13, an intake passage 4 and an exhaust passage 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the top of a combustion chamber 14 of the cylinder, a trace gas is introduced into the intake passage 4, and the exhaust passage 15 is connected with a tester 12 to detect the amount of the trace gas. The inlet channel 4 is connected to a gas cylinder 9 through a pressure stabilizing cavity 5, a pressure reducing valve 7 and a flow meter 8.
The mass of the tracer gas introduced into the air inlet channel 4 can be quantitatively calculated by controlling the pressure reducing valve 7 and the flowmeter 8, so that the combustion of the two-stroke engine is not influenced, the volume concentration of the tracer gas introduced into the air inlet channel 4 does not exceed a boundary value, and the tracer gas and fresh air are fully mixed before entering the combustion chamber 14;
in the state that the inlet valve 2 and the exhaust valve 16 are opened simultaneously, part of the tracer gas directly enters the exhaust passage 15 from the inlet passage 4 without being combusted, and the other part of the tracer gas is remained in the combustion chamber 14, and when the combustion stage is reached, the tracer gas remained in the combustion chamber 14 is completely combusted;
the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage 15 of the two-stroke engine in the set measuring time is measured by the tester 12, and meanwhile, as the tracer gas is fully mixed with the fresh air, the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine are determined by comparing the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the intake passage 4 in the measuring time with the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage 15.
The tracer gas is methane.
The boundary value for the volume concentration of the tracer gas introduced into the inlet channel 4 is 3000 ppm.
The maximum measuring range of the flowmeter 8 is 5L/min, the precision is +/-3%, and the flowmeter 8 is a special methane flowmeter.
The distance between the position where the methane passes through the air inlet 4 and the combustion chamber 14 is more than 2 meters.
The tester 12 can measure the volume concentration of methane in the exhaust passage 15 of the two-stroke engine, and the measurement range is 0-5000ppm, and the precision is +/-5%.
The measurement time was 20 s.
The measurement port of the tester 12 is located near the exhaust port and ensures that the temperature at the exhaust port is below the auto-ignition temperature of the tracer gas.
During testing, firstly, the dynamometer 10 is used for driving the two-stroke engine to operate, meanwhile, the computer 6 is used for controlling the flowmeter 8 to enable the two-stroke engine and the flowmeter 8 to work normally, after the two-stroke engine and the flowmeter 8 work stably, the first-stage pressure reducing valve 7-1 and the second-stage pressure reducing valve 7-2 are opened to ensure that the pressure of methane coming out of the gas cylinder 9 can meet the working pressure of the flowmeter 8, then the computer 6 is used for controlling the flowmeter 8 to reach the set flow rate, tracer gas enters the gas inlet channel 4 through the pressure stabilizing cavity 5, the pressure stabilizing cavity 5 can keep the injection flow rate of the tracer gas stable, the quality of the tracer gas introduced into the gas inlet channel 4 within 20s and the average volume concentration of the tracer gas measured on the tester 14 are recorded when the reading on the tester 12 is stable, the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the gas inlet channel 4 in the period of measuring time and the, thereby determining the trapping rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine.
The computer derivation process of capture rate and scavenging efficiency is as follows:
the trapping rate is characterized by the ratio of fresh air trapped within the cylinder to fresh air entering the cylinder. The fresh air entering the cylinder consists of short-circuit airflow and the fresh air captured in the cylinder, and meanwhile, the tracer gas is fully mixed with the gases of the air inlet channel and the air exhaust channel respectively, so that the following formula can be obtained:
in the formula, yshortFor short-circuit rate, ηtrFor the capture rate, mshortFor the mass of the "short circuit" in each ventilation cycle, mdelFor the total mass of fresh air flowing into the cylinder, mt,shortMass of methane "short circuit". mt,delMass of methane flowing into the cylinder, mexhMass of exhaust gases in exhaust passages, Ct,eMolar concentration of methane in the exhaust gas, MexhM is the exhaust molar massairMass of intake air in the intake duct, Ct,iMolar concentration of methane in the feed gas, MdelFor intake molar mass, MtIs the molar mass of methane.
And because the mass of exhaust equals the mass of intake plus the mass of fuel, there are
In the formula, mfuelIs the quality of fuel oil, (F/A)ovIs the global fuel-air ratio.
Therefore, the capture rate is calculated as follows:
the air supply ratio is the mass of fresh air entering the cylinder to the mass of fresh air (m) theoretically filling the cylinder0) The ratio of (A) to (B):
wherein (L) is the gas supply ratio, mdelMass of fresh air entering the cylinder, m0For the theoretical fresh air mass filling the cylinder, (m)delDt) is the inlet flow rate, V0Is the cylinder volume, ρ0Is the intake air density in the intake pipe state, N is the engine speed, NcyIs the number of engine cylinders.
The relative charge is the ratio of the total mass of the gas in the cylinder to the mass of the fresh air theoretically filling the cylinder, and the scavenging efficiency is the ratio of the fresh air trapped in the cylinder to the total mass of the gas in the cylinder, so the scavenging efficiency is calculated as follows:
in the formula, crFor relative inflation, P0、V0、T0Pressure, temperature and working volume of the cylinder, P, respectively, in the inlet stateb、Vb、TbRespectively the pressure at which the exhaust valve opens, the temperature and the cylinder volume at that time.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a test system of two-stroke engine capture rate and scavenging efficiency, acts on the cylinder, the top both sides of cylinder combustion chamber are provided with intake duct and exhaust passage respectively, its characterized in that, tracer gas is let in to the intake duct, the tester detects the tracer gas volume is connected to the exhaust passage.
2. The system for testing capture rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet passage is connected to the air cylinder through a pressure stabilizing cavity, a pressure reducing valve and a flow meter.
3. A system for testing the capture rate and scavenging efficiency of a two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the boundary value for the volume concentration of the tracer gas in the inlet channel is 3000 ppm.
4. A two-stroke engine capture rate and scavenging efficiency test system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said tracer gas is methane.
5. The system for testing the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein the maximum measuring range of the flow meter is 5L/min, the accuracy is +/-3%, and the flow meter is a methane-dedicated flow meter.
6. The system for testing the capture rate and scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the methane passing position on the air inlet channel is more than 2 meters away from the combustion chamber.
7. A two-stroke engine capture rate and scavenging efficiency test system according to claim 1 wherein the tester measurement port is located near the exhaust port and the temperature at the exhaust port is below the auto-ignition temperature of the tracer gas; the tester measures the volume concentration of methane in the exhaust passage of the two-stroke engine, and the measurement range is 0-5000ppm, and the precision is +/-5%.
8. A test system for two-stroke engine trapping rate and scavenging efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that the measuring time is 20 s.
9. The method for testing the system for testing the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) under the state that the intake valve and the exhaust valve are opened simultaneously, one part of tracer gas directly enters the exhaust passage from the intake passage without being combusted, and the other part of tracer gas is remained in the combustion chamber, and when the combustion stage is reached, the tracer gas remained in the combustion chamber is completely combusted;
2) the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage of the two-stroke engine within the set measuring time is measured by using the tester, and meanwhile, because the tracer gas and the fresh air are fully mixed, the trapping rate and the scavenging efficiency of the two-stroke engine are determined by comparing the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the air inlet passage within the measuring time with the average volume concentration of the tracer gas in the exhaust passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911285666.5A CN111140350A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | System and method for testing capture rate and scavenging efficiency of two-stroke engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911285666.5A CN111140350A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | System and method for testing capture rate and scavenging efficiency of two-stroke engine |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2714473A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-06-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Determining the fraction of air used in an internal combustion engine |
| JP2000028492A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-28 | Horiba Ltd | Method for evaluating engine with using trace gas method |
| CN103975149A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-08-06 | 雷诺股份公司 | System and method for estimating the richness of the gaseous mixture in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle power plant |
| CN104481768A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏大学 | Tracer agent spraying system applied for visual engine test |
| CN108798917A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of engine blow-through air control method and device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-13 CN CN201911285666.5A patent/CN111140350A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2714473A1 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-06-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Determining the fraction of air used in an internal combustion engine |
| JP2000028492A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-28 | Horiba Ltd | Method for evaluating engine with using trace gas method |
| CN103975149A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-08-06 | 雷诺股份公司 | System and method for estimating the richness of the gaseous mixture in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle power plant |
| CN104481768A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏大学 | Tracer agent spraying system applied for visual engine test |
| CN108798917A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of engine blow-through air control method and device |
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Inventor after: Qin Jing Inventor after: Ye Ziwang Inventor after: Xu Jie Inventor after: Pei Yiqiang Inventor after: Wang Chenxi Inventor after: Dong Mengmeng Inventor after: Peng Zhong Inventor after: Zhang Qirui Inventor before: Pei Yiqiang Inventor before: Ye Ziwang Inventor before: Xu Jie Inventor before: Qin Jing Inventor before: Wang Chenxi Inventor before: Dong Mengmeng Inventor before: Peng Zhong Inventor before: Zhang Qirui |
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Application publication date: 20200512 |