CN111140298B - Distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system - Google Patents
Distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140298B CN111140298B CN202010013213.3A CN202010013213A CN111140298B CN 111140298 B CN111140298 B CN 111140298B CN 202010013213 A CN202010013213 A CN 202010013213A CN 111140298 B CN111140298 B CN 111140298B
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- storage tank
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- heat storage
- air
- compressed air
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The system comprises a compressor, a cooler, a high-pressure air storage tank, a pressure reducing valve, a reheater, an expander, a normal-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and a heat pump; the energy storage system provided by the invention has a simple structure, and the heat exchanger and the air source heat pump are arranged, so that low-grade heat in the system is recovered, waste heat utilization and cogeneration are realized, and the total energy utilization efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved. In the non-energy release stage, the heat storage medium stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank exchanges heat with the atmosphere in the heat exchanger, and the heated atmosphere is used as a heat source of the air source heat pump, so that the waste of energy sources is effectively avoided, the total efficiency of the system is greatly improved, and the uninterrupted heating throughout the day is realized. In addition, the system can well solve the problems of low heat efficiency, low heat supply temperature and the like of the air source heat pump in the northern severe cold region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage.
Background
The compressed air energy storage system has the characteristics of low construction cost, low geographical condition requirement and the like, and has wide development prospect. In the energy storage stage, the technology converts low-valley electricity or new energy surplus electricity into mechanical energy of high-pressure air for storage; in the energy release stage, the pressure and flow of air at the inlet of the expander are accurately controlled, the expander is driven to do work, and then the generator is driven to output stable electric energy.
At present, a waste heat utilization technology is added into an advanced compressed air energy storage system developed in China, compression heat is recovered through a heat storage medium and is used for preheating air before expansion, the working capacity of the compressed air is enhanced, and the power generation efficiency of the system is improved. However, two parts of energy waste still exists in the system, and one part of energy waste is that after the heat storage medium finishes preheating the air, the heat storage medium still contains part of heat which is not utilized; the other part is the air discharged from the outlet of the expander, and part of heat is still present. If the waste heat of the two parts is reused, the total efficiency of the system is improved significantly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of improving the full utilization of the waste heat of a compressed air energy storage system.
In order to achieve the aim of solving the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system comprises a compressor, a cooler, a high-pressure air storage tank, a pressure reducing valve, a reheater, an expander, a normal-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and a heat pump; the compressor is provided with an air inlet; the compressor is connected with a hot end inlet of the cooler, a cold end outlet of the cooler is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank, the high-pressure air storage tank is connected with a reheater through a pressure reducing valve, and the reheater is connected with a heat pump through an expander; the hot end outlet arranged on the cooler is connected with the reheater through a high-temperature heat storage tank, the reheater is connected with the heat exchanger through a medium-temperature heat storage tank, and the heat exchanger is connected with the cold end inlet arranged on the cooler through a normal-temperature heat storage tank; the heat exchanger is provided with an air inlet and is connected with the heat pump; the heat pump is provided with an exhaust pipe and a water supply and return pipe.
Preferably, a heat storage medium is arranged in the normal-temperature heat storage tank.
Preferably, the heat storage medium is heat conduction oil or water.
Preferably, the transport of the thermal storage medium is effected by means of a pump.
Preferably, the compressor is driven by an electric motor or high pressure steam.
The invention also provides a using method of the distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: during energy storage, after the atmospheric air is compressed by a compressor, the atmospheric air is cooled by a cooler and then stored in a high-pressure air storage tank; the heat storage medium output from the normal temperature heat storage tank cools the compressed air in the cooler and then flows out of the cooler to be stored in the high temperature heat storage tank;
step 2: when energy is released, the compressed air is discharged from the high-pressure air storage tank, and the compressed air enters the reheater after passing through the pressure reducing valve; the heat storage medium output by the high-temperature heat storage tank heats compressed air before entering the expander in the reheater, and then flows out of the reheater and is stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank; the heated high-pressure air enters an expander to expand and do work, then enters an air source heat pump to perform waste heat utilization, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere;
step 3: in the non-energy release stage, air enters a heat exchanger to absorb heat of a heat storage medium flowing out of a medium-temperature heat storage tank, and enters an air source heat pump after being heated and finally is discharged into the atmosphere; the heat storage medium flowing out of the heat exchanger is stored in the normal-temperature heat storage tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the heat exchanger and the air source heat pump are arranged, so that low-grade heat in the system is recovered, and the total energy utilization efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved;
(2) The invention can well solve the problems of low heat efficiency, low heat supply temperature and the like of the air source heat pump in the severe cold region in the north;
(3) By adjusting the exhaust temperature of the expander and the temperature of the medium-temperature heat storage tank in the energy release stage, the invention can realize energy release power generation in the electricity utilization peak period and all-weather heating. .
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention;
reference numerals: 1. the system comprises a compressor 2, a cooler 3, a high-pressure air storage tank 4, a pressure reducing valve 5, a reheater 6, an expander 7, a normal-temperature heat storage tank 8, a high-temperature heat storage tank 9, a medium-temperature heat storage tank 10, a heat exchanger 11 and a heat pump;
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with the accompanying drawings are described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system, which comprises a compressor 1, a cooler 2, a high-pressure air storage tank 3, a pressure reducing valve 4, a reheater 5, an expander 6, a normal-temperature heat storage tank 7, a high-temperature heat storage tank 8, a medium-temperature heat storage tank 9, a heat exchanger 10 and a heat pump 11; the compressor 1 is provided with an air inlet; the compressor 1 is connected with a hot end inlet of the cooler 2, a cold end outlet arranged on the cooler 2 is connected with the high-pressure air storage tank 3, the high-pressure air storage tank 3 is connected with the reheater 5 through the pressure reducing valve 4, and the reheater 5 is connected with the heat pump 11 through the expander 6; the hot end outlet arranged on the cooler 2 is connected with the reheater 5 through a high-temperature heat storage tank 8, the reheater 5 is connected with the heat exchanger 10 through a medium-temperature heat storage tank 9, and the heat exchanger 10 is connected with the cold end inlet arranged on the cooler 2 through a normal-temperature heat storage tank 7; the heat exchanger 10 is provided with an air inlet, and the heat exchanger 10 is connected with the heat pump 11; the heat pump 11 is provided with an exhaust pipe and a water supply and return pipe. A heat storage medium is arranged in the normal temperature heat storage tank and is heat conduction oil or water; the transport of the thermal storage medium is effected by means of a pump. The compressor 1 is driven by an electric motor or high pressure steam.
A method for using a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system comprises the following steps:
step 1: during energy storage, after the atmospheric air is compressed by the compressor 1, the atmospheric air is cooled by the cooler 2 and then stored in the high-pressure air storage tank 3; the heat storage medium output from the normal temperature heat storage tank 7 cools the compressed air in the cooler 2, and then flows out of the cooler 2 to be stored in the high temperature heat storage tank 8;
step 2: when energy is released, the compressed air is discharged from the high-pressure air storage tank 3, and after passing through the pressure reducing valve 4, the compressed air enters the reheater 5; the heat storage medium output by the high-temperature heat storage tank 8 heats the compressed air before entering the expander in the reheater 5, and then flows out of the reheater 5 and is stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank 9; the warmed high-pressure air enters an expander 6 to expand and do work, then enters an air source heat pump 11 to perform waste heat utilization, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere;
step 3: in the non-energy release stage, air enters a heat exchanger 10 to absorb heat of a heat storage medium flowing out of a medium-temperature heat storage tank 9, and enters an air source heat pump 11 after being heated and finally is discharged into the atmosphere; the heat storage medium flowing out of the heat exchanger 10 is stored in the normal temperature heat storage tank 7.
The embodiment of the invention provides a distributed combined heat and power compressed air energy storage system, which comprises three parts of energy storage, energy release and heat supply, wherein a 1MW/3MWh distributed combined heat and power compressed air energy storage system is taken as an example, and the use method of the system is described as follows:
during energy storage, the compressor 1 is driven by using grid off-peak electricity, and the heat storage medium stored in the normal-temperature heat storage tank 7 is continuously conveyed to the cooler 2. The temperature of the air after the compressor stage is 120-200 ℃, the compressed air directly enters the cooler 2 to continuously release heat to the heat storage medium, and the compressed air is cooled to 15-30 ℃ and then is compressed in the next stage. After multistage compression and multistage cooling, the final outlet air pressure of the compressor is 5-30Mpa, and then the air enters a high-pressure air storage tank 3 for storage. The heat storage medium absorbs heat and rises the temperature to 100-180 ℃ and flows into the high-temperature heat storage tank 8 for standby energy release stage.
When releasing energy, the air with normal temperature and high pressure is continuously output in the high-pressure air storage tank 3, is reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve 4 to 1-8Mpa and then is conveyed to the multi-stage reheater 5, is heated to 80-160 ℃ by the high-temperature heat storage medium stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank 8, then enters the expander 6 for expansion work, and finally the temperature of the discharged air is 0-80 ℃. The high-temperature heat storage medium releases heat and is stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank 9 after being cooled to 40-100 ℃.
During heating, in the energy release stage, the air discharged from the outlet of the expander 6 directly enters the air source heat pump 11 to perform waste heat utilization, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere. In the non-energy release stage, the heat storage medium in the medium-temperature heat storage tank 9 enters the heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat with the atmosphere, so that the temperature of the atmosphere is increased to 30-80 ℃, then the heated air is used as a heat source to enter the air source heat pump 11, and finally the air is discharged into the atmosphere. The temperature of the heat storage medium is reduced to 5-20 ℃ and stored in the normal temperature heat storage tank 7.
The technical indexes of the system are shown in the following table:
the distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system provided by the invention has a simple structure, and low-grade heat in the system is recovered by arranging the heat exchanger and the air source heat pump, so that waste heat utilization and cogeneration are realized, and the total energy utilization efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved. In the non-energy release stage, the heat storage medium stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank exchanges heat with the atmosphere in the heat exchanger, and the heated atmosphere is used as a heat source of the air source heat pump, so that the waste of energy sources is effectively avoided, the total efficiency of the system is greatly improved, and the uninterrupted heating throughout the day is realized. In addition, the system can well solve the problems of low heat efficiency, low heat supply temperature and the like of the air source heat pump in the northern severe cold region.
While the invention has been described with respect to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Equivalent embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings disclosed herein, when considered in the light of the foregoing disclosure, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application method of the distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: during energy storage, after the atmospheric air is compressed by a compressor, the atmospheric air is cooled by a cooler and then stored in a high-pressure air storage tank; the heat storage medium output from the normal temperature heat storage tank cools the compressed air in the cooler and then flows out of the cooler to be stored in the high temperature heat storage tank;
step 2: when energy is released, the compressed air is discharged from the high-pressure air storage tank, and the compressed air enters the reheater after passing through the pressure reducing valve; the heat storage medium output by the high-temperature heat storage tank heats compressed air before entering the expander in the reheater, and then flows out of the reheater and is stored in the medium-temperature heat storage tank; the heated high-pressure air enters an expander to expand and do work, then enters an air source heat pump to perform waste heat utilization, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere;
step 3: in the non-energy release stage, air enters a heat exchanger to absorb heat of a heat storage medium flowing out of a medium-temperature heat storage tank, and enters an air source heat pump after being heated and finally is discharged into the atmosphere; the heat storage medium flowing out of the heat exchanger is stored in the normal-temperature heat storage tank;
the method is used for a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system, and the system comprises a compressor, a cooler, a high-pressure air storage tank, a pressure reducing valve, a reheater, an expander, a normal-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a medium-temperature heat storage tank, a heat exchanger and a heat pump; the compressor is provided with an air inlet; the compressor is connected with a hot end inlet of the cooler, a cold end outlet of the cooler is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank, the high-pressure air storage tank is connected with a reheater through a pressure reducing valve, and the reheater is connected with a heat pump through an expander; the hot end outlet arranged on the cooler is connected with the reheater through a high-temperature heat storage tank, the reheater is connected with the heat exchanger through a medium-temperature heat storage tank, and the heat exchanger is connected with the cold end inlet arranged on the cooler through a normal-temperature heat storage tank; the heat exchanger is provided with an air inlet and is connected with the heat pump; the heat pump is provided with an exhaust pipe and a water supply and return pipe.
2. A method of using a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: and a heat storage medium is arranged in the normal-temperature heat storage tank.
3. A method of using a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein: the heat storage medium is heat conduction oil or water.
4. A method of using a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein: the heat storage medium is conveyed by a pump.
5. A method of using a distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the compressor is driven by an electric motor or high pressure steam.
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| CN202010013213.3A CN111140298B (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | Distributed cogeneration compressed air energy storage system |
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| CN111140298B true CN111140298B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN110578567A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 张健 | Compressed air constant-pressure energy storage power generation system utilizing working medium phase change |
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