CN111139351A - Process method for differential temperature heat treatment of forged steel BD roller - Google Patents
Process method for differential temperature heat treatment of forged steel BD roller Download PDFInfo
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- CN111139351A CN111139351A CN201911365321.0A CN201911365321A CN111139351A CN 111139351 A CN111139351 A CN 111139351A CN 201911365321 A CN201911365321 A CN 201911365321A CN 111139351 A CN111139351 A CN 111139351A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/38—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for roll bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
Abstract
The invention discloses a differential temperature heat treatment process method for a forged steel BD roller, which relates to the technical field of special heat treatment of high-performance rollers and comprises three aspects of heat treatment process flow, pretreatment before heating and heat treatment process parameters of the forged steel BD roller. The invention improves the wear resistance of the roll body and the toughness of the roll neck, avoids the defects of low wear resistance caused by low hardness of the roll body and impact toughness caused by high hardness of the roll neck, and the hardness of the roll body and the roll neck of the prepared forged steel BD roll can meet the process requirements and meet the design purposes of high strength, high wear resistance and high toughness of the roll body and the roll neck.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special heat treatment of high-performance rollers, in particular to a differential heat treatment process method for a forged steel BD roller.
Background
For the cogging roll used for the cogging mill and the forged steel material, the roll body is designed with groove with different depths according to the requirements of field rolling conditions, and the ratio range of the width of the groove to the depth is usually 0.8-1.5. In order to meet the use requirements, the roll body needs to obtain 55-65 HSD hardness to ensure higher strength and wear resistance, and the roll neck needs to obtain 30-40 HSD hardness to ensure that the roll neck has certain toughness to meet the rolling conditions such as bending moment, torque and the like in the roll neck rolling process. If a heat treatment process of heating and cooling the whole body is adopted, the technical requirements of the roll body and the roll neck can not be met at the same time, the roll body is not wear-resistant due to low hardness of the roll body, and the toughness is not enough due to high hardness of the roll neck. The process of simply and physically carrying out heat treatment on local parts is too complex, low in efficiency and easy to cause production accidents. Therefore, a new heat treatment technology needs to be developed to ensure that the roll body and the roll neck of the forged steel BD roll respectively meet different technical requirements so as to meet the use requirements. How to select heat treatment equipment and how to design a heat treatment process and how to set heat treatment parameters are key problems to be solved in the research and development of a novel heat treatment technology for the forged steel BD roller.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a differential temperature heat treatment process method for a forged steel BD roller, which improves the wear resistance of a roller body and the toughness of a roller neck, avoids the insufficient wear resistance caused by low hardness of the roller body and the insufficient impact toughness caused by high hardness of the roller neck, and ensures that the hardness of the roller body and the hardness of the roller neck both meet the process requirements.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process method for differential temperature heat treatment of a forged steel BD roller comprises the following steps:
step A: pretreating a forged steel BD roller;
and B: moving the forged steel BD roller into a high-temperature resistance furnace, heating to 850-950 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time, wherein the shortest heat preservation time is calculated by dividing the diameter of a roller neck by 20, the unit of the shortest heat preservation time is h, and the unit of the diameter of the roller neck is mm; after the heat preservation is finished, carrying out water cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the water cooling time is 45-55 min; after the water cooling is finished, carrying out air cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the air cooling time is 20-30 min; tempering the forged steel BD roller after air cooling, wherein the tempering temperature is 600-630 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 30-40 h; after the heat preservation is finished, cooling the forged steel BD roller to 350-400 ℃ for heat preservation for at least 10 h;
and C: moving the forged steel BD roller into a resistance difference temperature furnace, heating to 700-800 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, heating to 1000-1120 ℃ within 20min after heat preservation, preserving heat for 70-130 min, and ensuring that the roller rotates at 0.1-0.2 r/min in the whole heating process;
step D: and (3) carrying out water cooling on the whole forged steel BD roller for 70-90 min after differential heating and heat preservation, carrying out air cooling for 30-60 min after water cooling, then carrying out furnace tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 500-550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-50 h.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and C, after the temperature is raised to 1000-1120 ℃ within 20min, preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 0.8-1.1 for 100-130 min, preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 1.11-1.5 for 80-100 min, and preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of more than 1.5 for 70-90 min.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and in the step B, performing oil cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller after heat preservation is finished, wherein the oil cooling time is 50-60 min, then performing tempering treatment on the forged steel BD roller at 590-620 ℃, and then performing the step C.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and C, ensuring that the furnace temperature uniformity and the temperature difference in the resistance difference temperature furnace are less than or equal to 15 ℃.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the step A, whether the width-depth ratio of the forged steel BD roller is more than 0.8 or not is checked, and if the width-depth ratio of the forged steel BD roller is not more than the standard, the forged steel BD roller is re-machined.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and step A, checking the reserved amount of the hole-type groove of the roll body of the forged steel BD roll, wherein the radius reserved amount of the bottom of the groove is 3-6 mm, the radius reserved amount of the ledge is 2-5 mm, the length reserved amount of the roll body is 15-25 mm, and re-processing the roll body if the roll body does not reach the standard.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows:
due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
the invention utilizes TRIZ innovation principle to realize local quality, respectively carries out heat treatment on the roll body and the roll neck, adopts a heat treatment process flow of 'tempering + differential heating + water cooling + tempering', ensures that the hardness of the roll neck meets the process requirement through the tempering process, carries out local heat treatment on the roll body by utilizing a differential heating method, improves the wear resistance of the roll body and the toughness of the roll neck, avoids the defect of the wear resistance caused by low hardness of the roll body and the defect of impact toughness caused by high hardness of the roll neck, ensures that the hardness of the roll body and the roll neck meet the process requirement, ensures that the design aims of high wear resistance of the roll body and high toughness of the roll neck are met, ensures that the bottom and the ledge of the roll body meet the process requirement, improves the quality and the qualification rate of the roll, reduces material waste, reduces the rejection rate, reduces the cost, solves the problem of high hardness required by the roll body, namely the parameter of 'strength' and the high toughness required by the roll neck, i.e., the contradiction of "reliability".
Moving the forged steel BD roller into a high-temperature resistance furnace, heating to 850-950 ℃, preserving heat for a period of time, calculating the shortest heat preservation time according to the diameter of the roller neck divided by 20, wherein the shortest heat preservation time is h, and the diameter of the roller neck is mm, accurately determining the required heat preservation time, facilitating the growth of crystal grains, effectively controlling the growth degree of the crystal grains, adapting to the treatment process of the process, and avoiding the instability of the heat treatment result caused by artificially controlling the heat preservation time.
The applicable forged steel BD roller is made of any material with Cr content within the range of 2-5%, so that the requirements on raw materials are reduced, and the raw material cost is saved.
The method is suitable for the forged steel BD roller with the ratio of the width of the groove to the depth of the groove being 0.8-1.5, and avoids the difficulty of heat treatment caused by the volume change of the material due to the depth ratio of the groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
a process method for differential temperature heat treatment of a forged steel BD roller is a process method for differential temperature heat treatment of a forged steel BD roller made of Cr 2-Cr 5, and comprises the following steps:
step A: pretreating the forged steel BD roller, and checking whether the ratio of the width of the groove of the hole pattern of the forged steel BD roller to the depth of the groove, namely the width-depth ratio, is more than 0.8, and if the ratio does not reach the standard, re-processing the forged steel BD roller; checking the reserved amount of a hole-type groove of a roll body of a forged steel BD roll, wherein the reserved amount of the radius of the bottom of the groove is 3-6 mm, the reserved amount of the radius of the ledge is 2-5 mm, the reserved amount of the length of the roll body is 15-25 mm, and re-processing if the reserved amount of the hole-type groove of the roll body of the forged steel BD roll does not meet the standard;
and B: moving the forged steel BD roller into a high-temperature resistance furnace, heating to 850-950 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time, wherein the shortest heat preservation time is calculated by dividing the diameter of a roller neck by 20, the unit of the shortest heat preservation time is h, and the unit of the diameter of the roller neck is mm; after the heat preservation is finished, carrying out water cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the water cooling time is 45-55 min; after the water cooling is finished, carrying out air cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the air cooling time is 20-30 min; tempering the forged steel BD roller after air cooling, wherein the tempering temperature is 600-630 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 30-40 h; after the heat preservation is finished, cooling the forged steel BD roller to 350-400 ℃ for heat preservation for at least 10 h; or after the heat preservation is finished, performing oil cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller for 50-60 min, and then performing tempering treatment on the forged steel BD roller at 590-620 ℃;
and C: moving the forged steel BD roller into a resistance difference temperature furnace, heating to 700-800 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, heating to 1000-1120 ℃ within 20min after heat preservation, preserving heat for a period of time, preserving heat for 100-130 min for the forged steel BD roller with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 0.8-1.1, preserving heat for 80-100 min for the forged steel BD roller with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 1.11-1.5, preserving heat for 70-90 min for the forged steel BD roller with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of more than 1.5, ensuring that the roller rotates at 0.1-0.2 r/min during the whole heating process, and ensuring that the furnace temperature uniformity temperature difference in the resistance difference temperature furnace is less than or equal to 15 ℃;
step D: and (3) carrying out water cooling on the whole forged steel BD roller for 70-90 min after differential heating and heat preservation, carrying out air cooling for 30-60 min after water cooling, then carrying out furnace tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 500-550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-50 h.
Example 1
The diameter of a roll neck of the forged steel BD roll is 460mm, the width-depth ratio of a roll body hole pattern is 0.9-1.2, the allowance of the radius of the bottom of the roll body groove before heat treatment is 4mm, the allowance of the radius of a ledge is 2mm, and the allowance of the length of the roll body is 12 mm. Heating the mixture to 900 ℃ in a high-temperature resistance furnace, keeping the temperature for 25h, discharging the mixture from the furnace, cooling the mixture for 50min by water, air-cooling the mixture for 25min, charging the mixture into the furnace, tempering and preserving the heat for 35h in an environment of 610 ℃, cooling the mixture to 380 ℃ after finishing the heat preservation, keeping the temperature for 10h, then heating the mixture in a differential temperature furnace, keeping the temperature for 90min at the differential temperature heating temperature of 1090 ℃, cooling the mixture for 60min after finishing the differential temperature heating and heat preservation, air-cooling the mixture for 50min, charging the mixture into.
Example 2
The diameter of a roll neck of the forged steel BD roll is 460mm, the width-depth ratio of a roll body hole pattern is 0.9-1.1, the allowance of the radius of the bottom of the roll body groove before heat treatment is 5mm, the allowance of the radius of a ledge is 4mm, and the allowance of the length of the roll body is 13 mm. Heating to 930 ℃ in a high-temperature resistance furnace, keeping the temperature for 23h, discharging from the furnace, carrying out oil cooling for 50min, carrying out air cooling for 30min, charging the furnace, keeping the temperature for 39h in a 590 ℃ environment, cooling to 360 ℃ after heat preservation, carrying out heat preservation for 12h, then heating in a differential temperature furnace, carrying out differential temperature heating at 1070 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 90min, carrying out water cooling for 60min after differential temperature heating and heat preservation, carrying out air cooling for 50min, charging the furnace, tempering, carrying out tempering at 535 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation for 39 h.
Example 3
The diameter of a roll neck of the forged steel BD roll is 430mm, the width-depth ratio of a roll body hole pattern is 0.8-1.1, the allowance of the radius of the bottom of the roll body groove before heat treatment is 5mm, the allowance of the radius of a ledge is 3mm, and the allowance of the length of the roll body is 15 mm. Heating to 940 ℃ in a high-temperature resistance furnace, keeping the temperature for 26 hours, discharging from the furnace, cooling with water for 55 minutes, air-cooling for 30 minutes, charging into the furnace, keeping the temperature for 36 hours in a 610 ℃ environment, cooling to 410 ℃ after the heat preservation is finished, keeping the temperature for 11 hours, then heating in a differential temperature furnace, keeping the temperature for 100 minutes at the differential temperature heating temperature of 1060 ℃, cooling with water for 58 minutes after the differential temperature heating and heat preservation is finished, air-cooling for 56 minutes, charging into the furnace, tempering at the tempering temperature of 545 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 39 hours.
Example 4
The diameter of a roll neck of the forged steel BD roll is 500mm, the width-depth ratio of a roll body hole pattern is 0.8-1.4, the allowance of the radius of the bottom of the roll body groove before heat treatment is 4mm, the allowance of the radius of a groove wall is 3mm, and the allowance of the length of the roll body is 13 mm. Heating the mixture to 910 ℃ in a high-temperature resistance furnace, keeping the temperature for 28h, discharging the mixture from the furnace, cooling the mixture for 60min by water, air-cooling the mixture for 25min, charging the mixture into the furnace, keeping the temperature for 37h at the environment of 620 ℃, cooling the mixture to 430 ℃ after the heat preservation is finished, keeping the temperature for 13h, then heating the mixture in a differential temperature furnace, keeping the temperature for 95min at the differential temperature heating temperature of 1055 ℃, cooling the mixture for 56min after the differential temperature heating and heat preservation is finished, air-cooling the mixture for 40min, charging the mixture into.
Example 5
The roll neck diameter of the forged steel BD roll is 490mm, the roll body pass width-depth ratio is 0.8-1.0, the allowance of the roll body groove bottom radius is 4mm before heat treatment, the allowance of the groove wall radius is 3.5mm, and the allowance of the roll body length is 13 mm. Heating to 930 ℃ in a high-temperature resistance furnace, keeping the temperature for 28 hours, discharging, carrying out oil cooling for 53 minutes, carrying out air cooling for 25 minutes, then charging, keeping the temperature for 33 hours at the environment of 620 ℃, cooling to 430 ℃ after the heat preservation is finished, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, then heating in a differential temperature furnace, wherein the differential heating temperature is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 95 minutes, carrying out water cooling for 56 minutes after the differential heating and heat preservation is finished, carrying out air cooling for 53 minutes, charging and tempering, the tempering temperature is 525 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 37 hours.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is a comparative example, the product of the specification of example 1 is heated at 930 ℃ for 30h in a whole by a conventional process, then water-cooled for 60min, air-cooled for 60min, and tempered at 530 ℃ for 45 h.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is a comparative example, in which the product of the specification of example 1 is heated at 930 ℃ for 30h, cooled in water for 60min, cooled in air for 60min, and tempered at 610 ℃ for 45h according to a conventional process.
Hardness detection and related detection are carried out on the products of the embodiments 1 to 7 according to the national standards GB/T13313-2008, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of tensile mechanical property test of products in examples
By comparing the special heat treatment processes (examples 1 to 5) and the conventional heat treatment processes (comparative examples 1 to 2), it can be seen that the hardness of the roll body and the roll neck can meet the process requirements by firstly tempering the roll neck and then performing differential temperature heat treatment on the roll body, while the hardness of the roll body and the roll neck can not meet the process requirements simultaneously in the comparative examples 1 to 2 in which the roll body and the roll neck are subjected to heat treatment in the conventional integral heating manner.
According to performance detection data, the hardness of the roll body is low, so that the wear resistance is insufficient, the hardness of the roll neck is high, so that the impact toughness is insufficient, the hardness of the roll body and the hardness of the roll neck in the embodiments 1-5 subjected to heat treatment by a special process meet the process requirements, and the design purposes of the high wear resistance of the roll body and the high toughness of the roll neck are guaranteed.
According to the performance detection result, the hardness of the roll body and the roll neck of the forged steel BD roll product treated by a special process meets the process requirements, and the wear resistance of the roll body and the toughness of the roll neck are superior to those of the conventional heat-treated product.
The invention utilizes a TRIZ innovation tool to inquire a contradiction matrix and 40 invention principles by using the contradiction between the parameter of high hardness required by the roll body, namely 'strength' and the parameter of high toughness required by the roll neck, namely 'reliability', and respectively carries out heat treatment on the roll body and the roll neck by using the invention principles 'local quality'. The invention utilizes the TRIZ innovation principle of local quality and adopts the heat treatment process flow of quenching and tempering, differential heating, water cooling and tempering. After the hardness of the roll neck is ensured to meet the technological requirements through the quenching and tempering process, the roll body is subjected to local heat treatment by using a differential heating method, and the bottom and the ledge of the roll body are ensured to meet the technological requirements. Through practical verification, the hardness of the roll body of more than 30 forged steel BD rolls subjected to test heat treatment meets 55-65 HSD required by a user, the hardness of the roll neck meets 30-40 HSD required by the user, the qualification rate is 100%, and the qualification rate is improved by more than 3 times compared with that of the conventional integral heating heat treatment mode in the earlier stage.
Claims (6)
1. A process method for differential temperature heat treatment of a forged steel BD roller is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step A: pretreating a forged steel BD roller;
and B: moving the forged steel BD roller into a high-temperature resistance furnace, heating to 850-950 ℃, and preserving heat for a period of time, wherein the shortest heat preservation time is calculated by dividing the diameter of a roller neck by 20, the unit of the shortest heat preservation time is h, and the unit of the diameter of the roller neck is mm; after the heat preservation is finished, carrying out water cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the water cooling time is 45-55 min; after the water cooling is finished, carrying out air cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller, wherein the air cooling time is 20-30 min; tempering the forged steel BD roller after air cooling, wherein the tempering temperature is 600-630 ℃, and the tempering heat preservation time is 30-40 h; after the heat preservation is finished, cooling the forged steel BD roller to 350-400 ℃ for heat preservation for at least 10 h;
and C: moving the forged steel BD roller into a resistance difference temperature furnace, heating to 700-800 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, heating to 1000-1120 ℃ within 20min after heat preservation, preserving heat for 70-130 min, and ensuring that the roller rotates at 0.1-0.2 r/min in the whole heating process;
step D: and (3) carrying out water cooling on the whole forged steel BD roller for 70-90 min after differential heating and heat preservation, carrying out air cooling for 30-60 min after water cooling, then carrying out furnace tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 500-550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-50 h.
2. The process method for the differential temperature heat treatment of the forged steel BD roll according to claim 1, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: and C, after the temperature is raised to 1000-1120 ℃ within 20min, preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 0.8-1.1 for 100-130 min, preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of 1.11-1.5 for 80-100 min, and preserving the heat of the forged steel BD roll with the hole pattern width-depth ratio of more than 1.5 for 70-90 min.
3. The process method for the differential temperature heat treatment of the forged steel BD roll according to claim 1, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: and in the step B, performing oil cooling treatment on the forged steel BD roller after heat preservation is finished, wherein the oil cooling time is 50-60 min, then performing tempering treatment on the forged steel BD roller at 590-620 ℃, and then performing the step C.
4. The process method for the differential temperature heat treatment of the forged steel BD roll according to claim 1, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: and C, ensuring that the furnace temperature uniformity and the temperature difference in the resistance difference temperature furnace are less than or equal to 15 ℃.
5. The process method for the differential temperature heat treatment of the forged steel BD roll according to claim 1, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: in the step A, whether the width-depth ratio of the forged steel BD roller is more than 0.8 or not is checked, and if the width-depth ratio of the forged steel BD roller is not more than the standard, the forged steel BD roller is re-machined.
6. The process method for the differential temperature heat treatment of the forged steel BD roll according to claim 1, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: and step A, checking the reserved amount of the hole-type groove of the roll body of the forged steel BD roll, wherein the radius reserved amount of the bottom of the groove is 3-6 mm, the radius reserved amount of the ledge is 2-5 mm, the length reserved amount of the roll body is 15-25 mm, and re-processing the roll body if the roll body does not reach the standard.
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