CN111130865B - Network equipment firmware batch upgrading method and system based on two-layer switching - Google Patents
Network equipment firmware batch upgrading method and system based on two-layer switching Download PDFInfo
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- CN111130865B CN111130865B CN201911281499.7A CN201911281499A CN111130865B CN 111130865 B CN111130865 B CN 111130865B CN 201911281499 A CN201911281499 A CN 201911281499A CN 111130865 B CN111130865 B CN 111130865B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
- H04L41/082—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being updates or upgrades of network functionality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
- H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
- H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
- H04L2101/622—Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
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Abstract
The invention provides a network equipment firmware batch upgrading method and a system based on two-layer switching, wherein the network equipment firmware batch upgrading method comprises the following steps: s1, deploying an upgrading server, selecting a firmware file to be upgraded, and accessing the firmware file to an upgrading switch; s2, broadcasting and sending a DISCOVERY packet; s3, the upgrading server records the MAC address of the equipment, extracts the firmware version information, compares the firmware version information with the firmware version information to be upgraded, and if the same mark is used for upgrading, finishes upgrading; if there are different responding devices; s4, the equipment receives a DISCOVERY response of the upgrading server, extracts the version information of the firmware to be upgraded, compares the firmware version information with the current firmware version information, judges whether the upgrading is needed or not, and sends an upgrading request to the upgrading server if the upgrading is needed; and S5, upgrading the firmware. The invention can obviously improve the production efficiency and save the production rework time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a firmware upgrading method, in particular to a network equipment firmware batch upgrading method based on two-layer switching, and a network equipment firmware batch upgrading system adopting the network equipment firmware batch upgrading method based on two-layer switching.
Background
With the development of internet technology, the demand for network devices has seen explosive growth. However, the technical requirements of rapid development and frequent changes of product requirements bring certain reworking troubles to equipment production. Although part of intelligent network equipment can complete firmware upgrading in an online upgrading mode, the requirement of a service client on factory equipment is changed, so that the requirement of rework upgrading of produced equipment often exists, and the efficiency of rework upgrading determines the production and shipment efficiency.
The existing production processes all have the problem of firmware upgrading, and although many solutions for firmware upgrading exist, the solutions are basically performed based on three-layer IP switching, and an IP network environment needs to be deployed. The network device requires a certain time from startup to operation to the IP network environment, which causes a certain decrease in efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for upgrading firmware of network devices in batch based on two-layer switching, which can significantly improve production efficiency and save production rework time without deploying a network environment, and further provide a system for upgrading firmware of network devices in batch based on two-layer switching.
To this end, the invention provides a network device firmware batch upgrading method based on two-layer switching, which comprises the following steps:
s1, deploying an upgrading server, selecting a firmware file to be upgraded, and accessing the firmware file to an upgrading switch;
s2, electrifying, broadcasting and sending a DISCOVERY packet, wherein the DISCOVERY packet has self firmware version information;
s3, the upgrade server receives the DISCOVERY packet, records the MAC address of the equipment, takes the MAC address as an identifier, extracts the current firmware version information, compares the current firmware version information with the firmware version information to be upgraded, and marks that the upgrade is finished if the versions are the same; responding to the equipment if the versions are different;
s4, the equipment receives a DISCOVERY response of the upgrading server, extracts version information of the firmware to be upgraded, compares the firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded with the current firmware version information, judges whether the upgrading is needed or not, and sends an upgrading request to the upgrading server if the upgrading is needed;
and S5, upgrading the firmware.
The present invention is further improved in that, in step S3, the process of extracting the firmware version information is to read the set firmware version information from the configuration file, or to input the firmware version information to be upgraded in the operation interface of the upgrade server, and the upgrade server automatically stores the read or input firmware version information.
A further improvement of the present invention is that, in step S3, if the versions are different, the response information includes firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded when responding to the device.
The further improvement of the present invention is that, in step S4, the process of extracting the version information of the firmware to be upgraded is that the device will obtain the version information of the firmware to be upgraded currently from the discover information responded by the upgrade server.
A further development of the invention is that said step S5 comprises the following sub-steps:
step S501, after receiving an upgrade request, the upgrade server starts to issue upgrade firmware;
step S502, the equipment starts to receive the transmission of the upgrade firmware until the transmission is completed;
in step S503, the device starts upgrading the firmware until the upgrade is completed.
The further improvement of the invention is that the invention also comprises a step S6, after the equipment is upgraded, the equipment is restarted and jumped to the step S2 so as to continue to run the DISCOVERY packet broadcasting process, thereby facilitating the upgrade server to receive the equipment upgrading completion information.
The invention is further improved by establishing equipment pool management for the equipment, and establishing an independent equipment state pool for managing each equipment needing to be upgraded when the equipment is accessed.
The invention is further improved in that a timeout retransmission mechanism is established, a data packet ID corresponding to the data packet is set in the data packet structure, and when the transmission timeout occurs, the specified data packet is retransmitted through the data packet ID.
The invention has the further improvement that the encryption is carried out by a key in the process of data transmission, the key is automatically generated according to the MAC address and the transmission time, the length of the key is 4 bytes, and the key is stored in the data header of a data protocol; the receiving end decrypts the received data according to the key information of the data header; the encryption is only effective to the data, and when the checksum of the data is calculated after the encryption, the encryption key is a timestamp for data transmission.
The invention also provides a system for upgrading the firmware of the network equipment in batch based on the two-layer switching, which adopts the method for upgrading the firmware of the network equipment in batch based on the two-layer switching.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a two-layer exchange mechanism, can transmit and download equipment firmware only by two-layer exchange, can realize quick batch upgrade of the network equipment under the conditions of not changing production environment and not deploying the network environment, improves the efficiency of production rework, is simple to deploy, effectively avoids the waste of labor and time cost, and can realize the aim of quick batch upgrade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic workflow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed workflow diagram of a client according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a detailed operation flow diagram of the server according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method is mainly used for the situation that the firmware of the produced network equipment is updated and needs to be subjected to batch reworking upgrading. The network equipment supports both MAC addresses and IP addresses, the MAC addresses and the IP addresses of the produced network equipment are fixedly written, and if the firmware upgrading technology in the prior art is adopted, namely three-layer upgrading is carried out through the IP addresses, the problems of network environment configuration and starting time exist, and the upgrading efficiency is influenced.
Therefore, the two-layer exchange mechanism is adopted in the embodiment, the equipment firmware can be transmitted and downloaded only through two-layer exchange, and the aims of simple deployment and rapid batch upgrading are achieved. The network device described in this example refers to an ethernet network device, referred to as a device for short, and the two-layer switching refers to link layer switching in the ISO model.
The two-layer exchange is described according to the ISO 7 layer model, and is specifically divided into a physical layer, a data link layer, a network layer, a transport layer, a session layer, a presentation layer and an application layer, and the two layers are the index data link layer in this example. According to the ethernet protocol, MAC address forwarding works at the data link layer and IP network forwarding works at the network layer. The method does not need IP address forwarding, so that an upper layer protocol is not involved, the upgrading function of the equipment firmware can be completed through a data link layer of the switch, the environment deployment is simplified, and the upgrading efficiency is improved.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, this example provides a method for upgrading firmware of network devices in batches based on two-layer switching, including:
s1, deploying an upgrading server, selecting a firmware file to be upgraded, and accessing the firmware file to an upgrading switch;
s2, electrifying, broadcasting and sending a DISCOVERY packet, wherein the DISCOVERY packet has self firmware version information;
s3, the upgrade server receives the DISCOVERY packet, records the MAC address of the equipment, takes the MAC address as an identifier, extracts the current firmware version information, compares the current firmware version information with the firmware version information to be upgraded, and marks that the upgrade is finished if the versions are the same; responding to the equipment if the versions are different;
s4, the equipment receives a DISCOVERY response of the upgrading server, extracts version information of the firmware to be upgraded, compares the firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded with the current firmware version information, judges whether the upgrading is needed or not, and sends an upgrading request to the upgrading server if the upgrading is needed;
and S5, upgrading the firmware.
The DISCOVERY packet refers to a two-layer format packet with a source MAC address as an equipment MAC address and a target MAC address as a two-layer broadcast MAC address (FF: FF: FF: FF: FF: FF); the discover packet is specified according to the JMPUP protocol, and a specific example of the discover packet is an ethernet frame format of the following JMPUP protocol as a reference.
The device refers to a network device; the deployment of the upgrading server is realized by arranging a JCG batch upgrading protocol in the server, wherein the JCG refers to intelligent household products such as an intelligent wireless router, an intelligent home gateway and the like of an applicant, the JCG batch upgrading protocol is called JMPUP protocol for short, the JMPUP protocol adopts an Ethernet frame format to transmit and receive data, the Ethernet type is 0x5943, and then the data is followed by a frame header of the JMPUP protocol and the data. The ethernet frame format of the JMPUP protocol is detailed in the table below.
In the JMPUP protocol of this example, the JMPUP protocol header includes a header and an option, which can be used for extension of a future protocol, and is omitted for options that are not recognized. The implementation can judge whether the option exists according to the HLEN field, when the option does not exist, the HLEN shall be 16, otherwise, the corresponding processing shall be carried out on the option part of the JMPUP protocol header, and the HLEN refers to the header length. The related fields and details of the JMPUP protocol header are shown in the following table.
The JMPUP protocol data header provides data size and check authentication, as detailed in the following table.
The JMPUP protocol data adopts types, lengths and data (TLV) formats, can transmit data with different lengths according to different data types, and can transmit a plurality of groups of data at the same time, but the data types belonging to different operation code ranges cannot be transmitted in a mixed way. The data format is detailed in the table below.
The Data is requested and received separately, when requesting Data, the Data Length is always 0, there is no Data, that is, when requesting Data, the Data is only used to tell the requested end what kind of Data needs to be requested. And after converting the operation code into REPLY, the receiving terminal fills the requested data and returns the data to the requesting terminal, wherein the data length is the actual data size, and the data is the actual data.
The JMPUP protocol data type list is detailed in the following table, and the length is the length of data set in the return process and is 0 in the request process.
In the JMPUP protocol, encryption is carried out through a secret key in the data transmission process, the secret key is automatically generated according to an MAC address and transmission time, the length of the secret key is 4 bytes, and the secret key is stored in a data header of a data protocol; the receiving end decrypts the received data according to the key information of the data header; the encryption is only effective to the data, and when the checksum of the data is calculated after the encryption, the encryption key is a timestamp for data transmission.
In step S3 of this embodiment, the process of extracting the firmware version information includes reading the set firmware version information from the configuration file, or inputting the firmware version information to be upgraded in the operation interface of the upgrade server, and the upgrade server automatically stores the read or input firmware version information.
In step S3 described in this embodiment, if the versions are different, when responding to the device, the response information includes the firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded, which is convenient for recording and feeding back the firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded after the version comparison.
In step S4, the process of extracting the version information of the firmware to be upgraded is that the device acquires the version information of the firmware to be upgraded currently from the discover information responded by the upgrade server.
Step S5 in this example comprises the following substeps:
step S501, after receiving an upgrade request, the upgrade server starts to issue upgrade firmware;
step S502, the equipment starts to receive the transmission of the upgrade firmware until the transmission is finished;
in step S503, the device starts upgrading the firmware until the upgrade is completed.
The method also comprises a step S6, after the equipment is upgraded, the method is restarted and jumps to the step S2 so as to continue to run the DISCOVERY packet broadcasting process, so that the upgrading server can receive the upgrading completion information of the equipment conveniently, and the upgrading is complete.
In this embodiment, a device pool management for the device is established, and when each device to be upgraded is accessed, an independent device state pool is established to manage the device, so that each network device can be managed conveniently.
In this embodiment, a timeout retransmission mechanism is established, a packet ID corresponding to a packet is set in a packet structure, and when a transmission timeout occurs, retransmission of a designated packet is performed by using the packet ID.
The JMPUP protocol is based on sending and receiving data in a single data packet, and an appropriate time-out retransmission mechanism is needed for the data packet needing to wait for response. However, in the present embodiment, when the transmission time is out, the designated data packet is retransmitted through the data packet ID, so that prompt can be given in time for performing line check, and corresponding measures are taken to ensure that the JMPUP protocol can normally communicate without redundant waiting and retransmitting.
The embodiment also provides a two-layer exchange-based network device firmware batch upgrading system, which adopts the two-layer exchange-based network device firmware batch upgrading method.
In summary, the present embodiment is applied to the situation that the firmware of the produced network device needs to be updated by batch rework, and the invention adopts a two-layer exchange mechanism, and only needs to exchange through two layers, the device firmware can be transmitted and downloaded, so that the network device can be quickly upgraded in batch under the condition that the production environment is not changed and the network environment is not required to be deployed, the efficiency of production rework is improved, the deployment is simple, the waste of labor and time cost is effectively avoided, and the goal of quick batch upgrade can be realized.
Therefore, the method can well solve the rework problem of the produced equipment, has no special requirements on the operation switch and the IP address of the equipment, does not need to configure an upgrading network, and is suitable for the convenient, miniaturized and rapid operation requirements.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to belong to the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A network equipment firmware batch upgrading method based on two-layer switching is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, deploying an upgrading server, selecting a firmware file to be upgraded, and accessing the firmware file to an upgrading switch; the deployment of the upgrading server sets a JCG batch upgrading protocol in the server, the JCG batch upgrading protocol is called JMPUP protocol for short, the JMPUP protocol adopts an Ethernet frame format to transmit and receive data, the Ethernet type is 0x5943, and the frame header and the data of the JMPUP protocol are followed;
s2, electrifying, broadcasting and sending a DISCOVERY packet, wherein the DISCOVERY packet has self firmware version information; the DISCOVERY packet is an Ethernet frame format according to a JMPUP protocol, a JMPUP protocol header comprises a header and options, the options are used for expanding a future protocol, the options which are not identified are ignored, whether the options exist or not is judged according to HLEN fields, HLEN is 16 when the options do not exist, otherwise, corresponding processing is carried out on the option part of the JMPUP protocol header, HLEN refers to the Length of the header, the JMPUP protocol Data header provides Data size and verification authentication, JMPUP protocol Data adopts the types, the lengths and the Data formats, data with different lengths are transmitted according to different Data types, and meanwhile, a plurality of groups of Data can be transmitted, but the Data types belonging to different operation code ranges cannot be mixed for transmission, data are requested and received separately, when Data is requested, length is always 0, no Data exists, namely when the Data is requested, the Data is only used for telling a requested end, what kind of Data needs to be requested is requested, a receiving end converts an operation code into REPLY, the requested Data is returned to a requesting end, and at the Data size of the actual Data is required to be filled in;
s3, the upgrade server receives the DISCOVERY packet, records the MAC address of the equipment, takes the MAC address as an identifier, extracts the current firmware version information, compares the current firmware version information with the firmware version information to be upgraded, and marks that the upgrade is finished if the versions are the same; responding to the equipment if the versions are different;
s4, the equipment receives a DISCOVERY response of the upgrading server, extracts version information of the firmware to be upgraded, compares the firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded with the current firmware version information, judges whether the upgrading is needed or not, and sends an upgrading request to the upgrading server if the upgrading is needed;
and S5, upgrading the firmware.
2. The two-layer switching-based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the process of extracting the firmware version information is to read the set firmware version information from a configuration file, or to input the firmware version information to be upgraded in an operation interface of an upgrade server, and the upgrade server automatically stores the read or input firmware version information.
3. The two-layer switching based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, if the versions are different, in responding to the device, the response information includes firmware version information of the firmware to be upgraded.
4. The two-layer switching-based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S4, the process of extracting the version information of the firmware to be upgraded is that the device acquires the version information of the firmware to be upgraded currently from the DISCOVERY information responded by the upgrade server.
5. The two-layer switching based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step S5 comprises the following sub-steps:
step S501, after receiving an upgrade request, the upgrade server starts to issue an upgrade firmware;
step S502, the equipment starts to receive the transmission of the upgrade firmware until the transmission is finished;
in step S503, the device starts upgrading the firmware until the upgrade is completed.
6. The two-layer switching based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step S6, after the device upgrading is completed, restarting and skipping to the step S2 to continue running the DISCOVERY packet broadcasting process, so that the upgrading server receives the device upgrading completion information.
7. The two-layer switching-based network device firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that device pool management for the devices is established, and when each device to be upgraded is accessed, an independent device state pool is established to manage the device.
8. The two-layer switching-based network equipment firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a timeout retransmission mechanism is established, a data packet ID corresponding to the data packet is set in the data packet structure, and when a transmission timeout occurs, retransmission of the specified data packet is performed through the data packet ID.
9. The two-layer switching-based network equipment firmware batch upgrading method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that encryption is performed through a key in the process of data transmission, the key is automatically generated according to the MAC address and the transmission time, the length of the key is 4 bytes, and the key is stored in the data header of a data protocol; the receiving end decrypts the received data according to the key information of the data header; the encryption is only effective to the data, and when the checksum of the data is calculated after the encryption, the encryption key is a timestamp for data transmission.
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| CN111756574B (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2023-07-25 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Method, device and computer readable storage medium for remote batch updating firmware |
| CN114650208B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-08-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Device firmware upgrading method, device and medium |
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| CN1414735A (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-04-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data upgrading method of two-layer exchange equipment |
| CN105450455A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-30 | 上海市共进通信技术有限公司 | System and method for automatically upgrading network devices in batch in factory |
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| CN101252458A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-08-27 | 深圳市共进电子有限公司 | Firmware batch upgrading method |
| CN103501288B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-08-17 | 福建星网锐捷通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method that two-layer switching equipment is realized batch data upgrading |
| CN103580921A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 | Automatic network equipment upgrading method and automatic network equipment upgrading system |
| CN104410530A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 杭州奥博瑞光通信有限公司 | Method of finding and utilizing MAC address to manage industrial switches |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1414735A (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-04-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data upgrading method of two-layer exchange equipment |
| CN105450455A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-30 | 上海市共进通信技术有限公司 | System and method for automatically upgrading network devices in batch in factory |
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