CN111130557A - Data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking - Google Patents

Data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking Download PDF

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CN111130557A
CN111130557A CN201911409497.1A CN201911409497A CN111130557A CN 111130557 A CN111130557 A CN 111130557A CN 201911409497 A CN201911409497 A CN 201911409497A CN 111130557 A CN111130557 A CN 111130557A
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王颖
孟婕
李国瑞
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Qinhuangdao Vocational and Technical College
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Abstract

The invention discloses a data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking, which comprises the following steps: dividing data to be reconstructed into a common part and an individual part; each computing node sends a support set of data to be reconstructed to a neighbor computing node; each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the support set computed by the computing node and the support set obtained from the neighbor computing node; and each computing node iteratively reconstructs the compressed data according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part. In the data reconstruction process, each computing node can obtain data in the whole network to obtain global information, and the method can be applied to data recovery in a distributed network with public components and meet the requirements of more scenes; and the data reconstruction speed is higher, and the precision is higher.

Description

Data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking
Technical Field
The invention relates to a data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking, and belongs to the technical field of data reconstruction.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology, the scale of data acquisition by people is larger and larger. How to be able to quickly and efficiently reconstruct data plays an important role in many distributed applications. Data to be processed in the distributed system is dispersed in a plurality of nodes, and the data needs to be transmitted to a server for joint reconstruction of the data. Therefore, a large amount of information needs to be transferred in the distributed network at the time of data reconstruction, thereby causing consumption of bandwidth and delay of data reconstruction.
At present, a centralized processing method is mainly adopted for data reconstruction in a distributed system, all node data are transmitted to a server for centralized processing, a large amount of bandwidth is consumed, a long time delay is generated, and the requirement for rapid and accurate reconstruction of compressed data in distributed systems with larger and larger scales cannot be met. The existing distributed Bayesian algorithm carries out iterative reconstruction by decomposing data into a public part and an individual part and utilizing variational Bayesian inference, but because data information of the public part is only interacted among all computing nodes, all the computing nodes cannot acquire global information and cannot meet certain application scenarios (for example, in intelligent transportation, all the computing nodes need to know the global information for adjustment), and the speed and the precision of data reconstruction still need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art, realize faster and more accurate data reconstruction, and simultaneously can acquire global information to meet the requirements of more scenes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the data reconstruction method based on the distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking comprises the following steps: dividing data to be reconstructed into a common part and an individual part; each computing node sends a support set of data to be reconstructed to a neighbor computing node; each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the support set computed by the computing node and the support set obtained from the neighbor computing node; and each computing node iteratively reconstructs the compressed data according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the data to be reconstructed into a public part and an individual part; initializing a support set of data to be reconstructed of each computing node and a data residual error;
s2, each computing node sends the latest support set of the data to be reconstructed to the neighbor computing nodes;
s3, each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the latest support set computed by the computing node and the latest support set obtained from the neighbor computing node;
s4, obtaining an updated support set of data to be reconstructed, updated reconstructed sparse data and updated data residual errors by each computing node according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the collected measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function;
s5, determine if the square of the two-norm of the updated data residual is less than the square of the two-norm of the last obtained data residual? If yes, go to S2; otherwise, outputting the reconstructed sparse data obtained last time as final reconstructed data.
The data reconstruction is carried out by the method, particularly, the data reconstruction is carried out by combining with an MODQNPP function, so that the data iteration times in the reconstruction process are less, the reconstruction speed is higher, the reconstruction precision is higher, and each computing node can acquire the global information of the network.
More preferably, in step S3, the compute node selects the top K with the highest frequency of occurrence according to the latest support set computed by itself and the latest support set obtained from the neighboring compute node(c)As a common part supporting set, wherein K(c)Is the sparsity of the common part. The method obtains the common part support set, thereby ensuring that the calculation is simpler under the condition of being as accurate as possible and being beneficial to improving the speed of data reconstruction.
In the aforementioned data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-newton projection tracking, step S4 specifically includes the following steps: and S41, initializing data:
Figure BDA0002349575030000021
if it is
Figure BDA0002349575030000022
Then r is0=resid(y,Ax0) Otherwise
Figure BDA0002349575030000023
k=0,x0=0,
Figure BDA0002349575030000024
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002349575030000025
sparsity K representing common part(c)And sparsity of individual parts
Figure BDA0002349575030000026
Summing; t is0A set of supports is represented that is,
Figure BDA0002349575030000027
a supporting set representing a common part in the entire network,
Figure BDA0002349575030000028
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of the support set T0Y represents the collected compressed data, x0Sparse signal representing initialization reconstruction, and resid representing the calculation y and
Figure BDA0002349575030000029
a difference of (d);
s42, let k equal to k +1, calculate
Figure BDA00023495750300000210
Wherein d iskDenotes the Newton direction, xk-1Representing the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, I representing the identity matrix, ΛkRepresenting a vector middle front
Figure BDA00023495750300000211
Index value of maximum value, and taking corresponding calculation result based on ΛkProjection of (2);
s43, calculating
Figure BDA00023495750300000212
Wherein, mukDenotes the step size, k denotes the number of iterations, Tk-1Representing the support set calculated in the last iteration,
Figure BDA00023495750300000213
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of Tk-1Projection of (2);
s44, calculating and obtaining an updated support set T of the data to be reconstructedk
Figure BDA00023495750300000214
Wherein, TkRepresenting the support set, x, obtained at the k-th iterationk-1Denotes the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, and max _ indices denotes xk-1kdkFront of
Figure BDA00023495750300000215
An index value of the maximum value;
s45, calculating and obtaining the updated data x to be reconstructedk
Figure BDA00023495750300000216
Wherein T iskRepresenting the support set calculated for the kth iteration,
Figure BDA0002349575030000031
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of TkProjection of (2);
s46, calculating to obtain an updated data residual rk
Figure BDA0002349575030000032
S47, judgment
Figure BDA0002349575030000033
Is there any? If yes, go to S42, otherwise, directly output T obtained by the iterationk、xkAnd rk
T is obtained by the above methodk、xkAnd rkSimple calculation, high reconstruction precision and high reconstruction speed, and particularly the method for reconstructing the dkThe updating method of the invention ensures that the data reconstruction precision is higher and the reconstruction speed is higher.
In the data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-newton projection tracking, in step S1, the support set of the data to be reconstructed and the data residual of each computing node are initialized by the following method: initializing sparsity of a public part and an individual part, and obtaining a support set of data to be reconstructed and a data residual error according to the collected compressed data, a measurement matrix and sparsity of the public part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function; wherein the common part support set is set empty.
In the above data reconstruction method based on distributed quasi-newton projection tracking, in step S2, the compressed data is iteratively reconstructed, that is, an objective function is constructed so that it converges:
Figure BDA0002349575030000034
wherein y is the collected compressed data, a is the measurement matrix, and x is the sparse signal to be reconstructed.
Compared with the prior art, the support set calculated by each calculation node in each iteration is exchanged with other calculation nodes, so that the support set of the public sparse part can be obtained and is used as data of the next iteration for iterative calculation until the data is converged. In the data reconstruction process, each computing node can obtain data in the whole network to obtain global information, and the method can be applied to data recovery in a distributed network with public components and meet the requirements of more scenes; and the data reconstruction speed is higher, and the precision is higher.
In addition, the inventor randomly selects K cables not more than n in simulation data (namely, the measurement matrix A is a randomly generated m multiplied by n matrix, and K cables not more than n are randomly selected through the analysis of the existing data and a large amount of experimental comparisonIndexing values and randomly generating data at their corresponding index values as a sparse signal x to be reconstructediBy means of a randomly generated signal xiCalculating yi=Aixi+eiWherein e isiGaussian noise). At a calculation node number of 5, sparsity
Figure BDA0002349575030000035
120 m and 300 n, support set
Figure BDA0002349575030000036
Supporting set of common parts in the whole network
Figure BDA0002349575030000037
k=0,x00, data residual r0=yiUnder the condition, the reconstruction error of the data is 5.5965e-4 by using the method, which is improved by 16.8% and the reconstruction speed is improved by 21.3% compared with the reconstruction error of 6.7254e-4 of the existing distributed compressed data reconstruction algorithm (namely the 'distributed Bayesian algorithm' mentioned in the background technology); under the condition that a data set of real data (2012 year black river basin midstream ecological hydrological wireless sensor network soil temperature observation data set http:// westdc. westgis. ac. cn/heihe/view/uid/0 a2e1ce6-f322-4d0f-82ee-70446123dba1) is adopted, when the number of nodes is calculated to be 35, m is 60, and n is 128, the data reconstruction error is 0.0083 by using the method provided by the invention, compared with the existing distributed compressed data reconstruction algorithm (namely the distributed Bayesian algorithm mentioned in the background technology), the reconstruction error of the distributed compressed data reconstruction algorithm designed by using the method provided by the invention is 0.0095 and is improved by 12.6%, and the reconstruction speed is improved by 15.4%.
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FIG. 1 is a method flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of obtaining an updated support set of data to be reconstructed, updated reconstructed sparse data, and updated data residuals.
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the data reconstruction method based on the distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking, as shown in FIG. 1, includes the following steps: dividing data to be reconstructed into a common part and an individual part; each computing node sends a support set of data to be reconstructed to a neighbor computing node; each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the support set computed by the computing node and the support set obtained from the neighbor computing node; and each computing node iteratively reconstructs the compressed data according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part.
In order to further improve the accuracy and speed of data reconstruction, optionally, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s1, dividing the data to be reconstructed into a public part and an individual part; initializing a support set of data to be reconstructed of each computing node and a data residual error;
s2, each computing node sends the latest support set of the data to be reconstructed to the neighbor computing nodes;
s3, each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the latest support set computed by the computing node and the latest support set obtained from the neighbor computing node;
s4, obtaining an updated support set of data to be reconstructed, updated reconstructed sparse data and updated data residual errors by each computing node according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the collected measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function;
s5, determine if the square of the two-norm of the updated data residual is less than the square of the two-norm of the last obtained data residual? If yes, go to S2; otherwise, outputting the reconstructed sparse data obtained last time as final reconstructed data.
In step S4, the subspace tracking (SP) and the compressed sample matching pursuit (CoSaMP) algorithm may be further used to obtain the updated support set of the data to be reconstructed, the updated reconstructed sparse data, and the updated data residual.
Optionally, in the present invention, in step S3, the computing node selects the top K with the highest frequency of occurrence according to the latest support set computed by itself and the latest support set obtained from the neighboring computing node(c)As a common part supporting the sets (i.e.
Figure BDA0002349575030000051
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002349575030000052
a supporting set representing a common part in the entire network,
Figure BDA0002349575030000053
represents a collection of other computing nodes that are communicable with the current computing node,
Figure BDA0002349575030000054
a set of supporting sets representing all data computed by the current compute node and other compute nodes in communication with the current compute node), where K(c)Is the sparsity of the common part.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
and S41, initializing data:
Figure BDA0002349575030000055
if it is
Figure BDA0002349575030000056
Then r is0=resid(y,Ax0) Otherwise
Figure BDA0002349575030000057
k=0,x0=0,
Figure BDA0002349575030000058
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002349575030000059
sparsity K representing common part(c)And sparsity of individual parts
Figure BDA00023495750300000510
Summing; t is0A set of supports is represented that is,
Figure BDA00023495750300000511
a supporting set representing a common part in the entire network,
Figure BDA00023495750300000512
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of the support set T0Y represents the collected compressed data, x0Sparse signal representing initialization reconstruction, and resid representing the calculation y and
Figure BDA00023495750300000513
a difference of (d);
s42, let k equal to k +1, calculate
Figure BDA00023495750300000514
Wherein d iskDenotes the Newton direction, xk-1Representing the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, I representing the identity matrix, ΛkRepresenting a vector middle front
Figure BDA00023495750300000515
Index value of maximum value, and taking corresponding calculation result based on ΛkProjection of (2);
s43, calculating
Figure BDA00023495750300000516
Wherein, mukDenotes the step size, k denotes the number of iterations, Tk-1Representing the support set calculated in the last iteration,
Figure BDA00023495750300000517
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of Tk-1Projection of (2);
s44, calculating and obtaining an updated support set T of the data to be reconstructedk
Figure BDA00023495750300000518
Wherein, TkRepresenting the support set, x, obtained at the k-th iterationk-1Denotes the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, and max _ indices denotes xk-1kdkFront of
Figure BDA00023495750300000519
An index value of the maximum value;
s45, calculating and obtaining the updated data x to be reconstructedk
Figure BDA00023495750300000520
Wherein T iskRepresenting the support set calculated for the kth iteration,
Figure BDA00023495750300000521
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of TkProjection of (2);
s46, calculating to obtain an updated data residual rk
Figure BDA0002349575030000061
S47, judgment
Figure BDA0002349575030000062
Is there any? If yes, go to S42, otherwise, directly output T obtained by the iterationk、xkAnd rk
Optionally, in step S1, the support set of the data to be reconstructed and the data residuals of each computing node are initialized by the following method: initializing sparsity of a public part and an individual part, and obtaining a support set of data to be reconstructed and a data residual error according to the collected compressed data, a measurement matrix and sparsity of the public part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function; wherein the common part support set is set empty.
Optionally, in step S2, the compressed data is iteratively reconstructed, that is, an objective function is constructed so that it converges:
Figure BDA0002349575030000063
wherein y is the collected compressed data, a is a measurement matrix which is an m × n matrix, and x is the sparse signal to be reconstructed.
The distributed system in the invention is composed of N computing nodes, wherein each computing node manages p member nodes, each computing node comprises data in each member node, and q is the sum of all data contained in the node.

Claims (6)

1. The data reconstruction method based on the distributed quasi-Newton projection tracking is characterized by comprising the following steps of: dividing data to be reconstructed into a common part and an individual part; each computing node sends a support set of data to be reconstructed to a neighbor computing node; each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the support set computed by the computing node and the support set obtained from the neighbor computing node; and each computing node iteratively reconstructs the compressed data according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part.
2. The data reconstruction method based on the distributed quasi-Newtonian projection tracking according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, dividing the data to be reconstructed into a public part and an individual part; initializing a support set of data to be reconstructed of each computing node and a data residual error;
s2, each computing node sends the latest support set of the data to be reconstructed to the neighbor computing nodes;
s3, each computing node obtains a public part support set according to the latest support set computed by the computing node and the latest support set obtained from the neighbor computing node;
s4, obtaining an updated support set of data to be reconstructed, updated reconstructed sparse data and updated data residual errors by each computing node according to the common part support set, the collected compressed data, the collected measurement matrix and the sparsity of the common part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function;
s5, determine if the square of the two-norm of the updated data residual is less than the square of the two-norm of the last obtained data residual? If yes, go to S2; otherwise, outputting the reconstructed sparse data obtained last time as final reconstructed data.
3. The method for reconstructing data based on distributed quasi-Newtonian projection pursuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S3, the top K with the highest frequency of occurrence is selected by the computing node according to the latest support set computed by itself and the latest support set obtained from the neighboring computing nodes(c)As a common part supporting set, wherein K(c)Is the sparsity of the common part.
4. The method for reconstructing data based on distributed quasi-Newtonian projection tracking according to claim 2, wherein the step S4 comprises the following steps:
and S41, initializing data:
Figure FDA0002349575020000011
if it is
Figure FDA0002349575020000012
Then r is0=resid(y,Ax0) Otherwise
Figure FDA00023495750200000110
k=0,x0=0,
Figure FDA0002349575020000013
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002349575020000014
sparsity K representing common part(c)And sparsity of individual parts
Figure FDA0002349575020000015
Summing; t is0A set of supports is represented that is,
Figure FDA0002349575020000016
a supporting set representing a common part in the entire network,
Figure FDA0002349575020000017
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of the support set T0Y represents the collected compressed data, x0Sparse signal representing initialization reconstruction, and resid representing the calculation y and
Figure FDA0002349575020000018
a difference of (d);
s42, let k equal to k +1, calculate
Figure FDA0002349575020000019
Wherein d iskDenotes the Newton direction, xk-1Representing the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, I representing the identity matrix, ΛkRepresenting a vector middle front
Figure FDA0002349575020000021
Index value of maximum value, and taking corresponding calculation result based on ΛkProjection of (2);
s43, calculating
Figure FDA0002349575020000022
Wherein, mukDenotes the step size, k denotes the number of iterations, Tk-1Representing the support set calculated in the last iteration,
Figure FDA0002349575020000023
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of Tk-1Projection of (2);
s44, calculating and obtaining an updated support set T of the data to be reconstructedk
Figure FDA0002349575020000024
Wherein, TkRepresenting the support set, x, obtained at the k-th iterationk-1Denotes the reconstructed sparse signal obtained at the k-1 st iteration, and max _ indices denotes xk-1kdkFront of
Figure FDA0002349575020000025
An index value of the maximum value;
s45, calculating and obtaining the updated data x to be reconstructedk
Figure FDA0002349575020000026
Wherein T iskRepresenting the support set calculated for the kth iteration,
Figure FDA0002349575020000027
representing the measurement matrix A on the basis of TkProjection of (2);
s46, calculating to obtain an updated data residual rk
Figure FDA0002349575020000028
S47, judgment
Figure FDA0002349575020000029
Is there any? If so, go to S42, otherwise output directlyT obtained by the iterationk、xkAnd rk
5. The method for reconstructing data based on distributed quasi-Newtonian projection pursuit according to claim 2 or 4, wherein in step S1, the support set of data to be reconstructed and the data residuals of each computing node are initialized by the following method: initializing sparsity of a public part and an individual part, and obtaining a support set of data to be reconstructed and a data residual error according to the collected compressed data, a measurement matrix and sparsity of the public part and the individual part by using an MODQNPP function; wherein the common part support set is set empty.
6. The method for reconstructing data based on distributed quasi-newton projection pursuit according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the compressed data is iteratively reconstructed, i.e. an objective function is constructed so that it converges:
Figure FDA00023495750200000210
wherein y is the collected compressed data, a is the measurement matrix, and x is the sparse signal to be reconstructed.
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