CN111121621A - Method for analyzing position error of main lens blocking mirror of large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system - Google Patents
Method for analyzing position error of main lens blocking mirror of large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for analyzing the position error of a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system main mirror block-splitting mirror, which utilizes a nonsequential mode in ZEMAX and combines Boolean operation to establish a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system block-splitting type main mirror model, accurately represents the shape and the number of the main mirror block-splitting mirrors of a specific optical system, can adjust the position error of an individual block-splitting mirror, establishes the relationship between the position error limit and the joint position error limit of the large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system block-splitting main mirror on the basis, and introduces random errors to accurately quantify to obtain each position error limit meeting the system requirements; the method can accurately and quantitatively describe the influence of the position error of each blocked mirror of the main mirror of the large-aperture film-based diffraction imaging optical system on the image quality of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of image quality analysis of an imaging optical system, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing position errors of a blocking mirror of a primary mirror of a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system.
Background
The large-aperture primary mirror block type film-based diffraction optical imaging system is an important way for improving the spatial imaging resolution at present. The film-based diffraction optical imaging system has the characteristics of large aperture, high resolution, light structure, low surface precision requirement and the like, and the film-based diffraction optical imaging system adopting the spliced main mirror is convenient for space expansion and easy to realize high-resolution imaging detection. Because the primary mirror adopts the split mirror splicing mode, when the imaging system works in orbit, the position errors of the split mirrors can be caused by space environment, manufacturing assembly and the like, so that the system can not realize common phase, and the image quality is degraded, therefore, the analysis and research of the influence of the position errors of the primary mirror split mirrors on the imaging quality have important significance. By researching the influence of the position error of the block mirror of the spliced primary mirror on the image quality of the system, requirements can be provided for the assembly precision of the primary mirror and the detection and correction of the position error of the block mirror, and instructive suggestions are provided for the development direction of mechanical detection and correction.
The position error of the large-caliber splicing type main mirror block mirror is divided into errors with six degrees of freedom of translation and inclination. The method only can obtain approximate error limit, has limited precision and is difficult to be applied to a partitioned mirror structure in a complex partitioned form; and another method utilizes ZEMAX optical design software to change the pupil shape into the shape of a block mirror, introduces position errors into each sub-mirror, analyzes the change condition of imaging quality, and obtains the position error limit of the block mirror according to the imaging requirement. The existing large-aperture splicing type main mirror position error analysis method has certain limitations and is limited by the blocking mode of the optical system main mirror and the imaging mode of the optical system.
In summary, the existing analysis methods for the position error of the large-aperture block mirror have limitations, and the approximate calculation method based on the geometric relationship lacks the analysis of the influence on the factors such as the system composition, the number and the shape of the block mirrors, and the result can only be used as a reference; methods based on optical design software are currently not applicable in film-based diffractive optical systems. Therefore, the error analysis result obtained by the existing method has deviation from the actual situation, and the influence of the position error of the main mirror block mirror of a specific actual diffraction imaging optical system on the image quality of the system is difficult to accurately and quantitatively reflect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a method for analyzing the position error of the blocking mirror of the primary mirror of the large-aperture film-based diffractive imaging optical system, which can accurately and quantitatively describe the influence of the position error of each blocking mirror of the primary mirror of the large-aperture film-based diffractive imaging optical system on the image quality of the system.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a method for analyzing the position error of a main mirror block mirror of a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a large-aperture main mirror segmented film-based diffraction optical system is created by utilizing ZEMAX optical software, and a main mirror is represented into a segmented mirror form of a plurality of independent sub-mirrors by utilizing Boolean operation in a non-sequence mode;
step two, determining the position error limit Delta L of the single degree of freedom of all the sub mirrors of the block mirror according to the set imaging qualityiI 1,2, 6, i represents a degree of freedom number;
step three, determining the joint position error limit Delta L of all the sub mirrors of the blocking mirror by integrating the imaging quality and the technical indexi',ΔLi'＝MiΔLiWherein M isiIs a weighting factor.
Further, the sum of the position errors of the imaging quality of the primary mirror is
Has the advantages that:
1. based on system composition, shape and number of the primary mirror block mirrors, system parameters and the like, aiming at a film-based diffraction optical system, the invention creatively utilizes a non-sequence structure in ZEMAX optical design software to establish an optical model for accurately representing any block mirror type optical system, and completes the analysis of the position error of the primary mirror block mirrors on the basis. Solves the problems that the prior theoretical method has deviation and the traditional method can not be applied to a film-based diffraction optical system.
2. The invention can accurately and quantitatively describe the influence of the position error of each main mirror block lens on the image quality of the system aiming at various large-caliber main mirror block type film-based diffraction optical systems, and obtain reasonable and accurate position error limits according to system design indexes. Compared with the existing method, the method has wide applicability and engineering feasibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a block mirror shape, (a) a main mirror block mirror shape, and (b) a sub mirror shape according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a primary mirror is changed to a non-sequential component, (a) a primary mirror binary surface of an original optical design, and (b) the primary mirror is changed to a non-sequential component and a custom aperture is set.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a setup in a non-sequence element editor, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a block mirror position error coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating a setting of six degrees of freedom for a single sub-mirror in a non-sequence element editor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for analyzing the position error of a main mirror block of a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system, which aims at the characteristics that the shape of a block mirror is complex, the number of blocks is different, various position errors are coupled, the image quality degradation is related to the structure of the optical system, and the like, and the method is applied to the film-based diffraction optical system, can accurately and quantitatively describe the influence of the position errors of the block mirrors on the image quality of the system, and can determine various position error limits meeting the system requirements according to system design indexes.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, creating a large-aperture main mirror segmented film-based diffraction optical system by utilizing ZEMAX optical software, and representing a main mirror into a segmented mirror form of a plurality of independent sub-mirrors by utilizing Boolean operation in a nonsequential mode.
The method is characterized in that a non-sequence structure and Boolean operation in optical design software ZEMAX are combined, and the method is creatively applied to expressing the primary mirror of the diffraction optical system with a complex structure into a block form. ZEMAX is a mainstream optical design software which is often applied to the design link of an optical system, and the ZEMAX comprises a sequence mode and a non-sequence mode. Objects in the sequence mode are represented as different planes, and the ray can only intersect each plane once; an object in a Non-sequence mode can be defined as a surface object or a body object in a Non-sequence structure Editor (Non-sequential component Editor), one ray can intersect with the same object more than once, and can intersect with a plurality of objects in any sequence, and the method is mainly applied to Non-imaging systems such as lighting systems, stray light analysis and the like. Under a nonsequential mode, Boolean operation is a digital symbolic logic deduction operation method, and different surfaces of the main mirror of the diffraction system block mirror can form a body object of the sub-mirror by utilizing AND operation in the Boolean operation, so that the purpose of blocking is achieved.
Determining a large-aperture main mirror blocking scheme, and describing the aperture shape of the blocking mirror by using a text annotation of a UDA file in combination with ZEMAX optical design software. Fig. 2 shows a main mirror block structure of a large-aperture film-based diffractive optical system, and a main mirror block mirror shape file (shown in fig. 2 (a)) and a single sub-mirror aperture shape file (shown in fig. 2 (b)) are created according to the block structure and the sub-mirror shape.
The diffractive elements of the primary mirror of the large aperture membrane-based diffractive optical system were represented in the ZEMAX design software using Binary surfaces (Binary2) to segment the primary mirror, as shown in fig. 3, by changing the primary mirror to a non-sequential component and setting a user-defined aperture, which is the shape of the primary mirror segmented mirror.
Based on the particularity of the diffractive optical element, resetting a Binary surface (Binary2) in a non-sequential element editor as a first surface of the diffractive primary mirror, wherein the parameters of the Binary surface are the same as those of the optical design; an Extruded surface (Extruded) is additionally provided as a second surface of the diffractive primary mirror, wherein the user-defined aperture of the Extruded surface is set to a single sub-mirror aperture edge shape UDA file. The method comprises the steps of representing the image into a blocking mirror form through Boolean operation, setting Boolean surfaces (Boolean) in a non-sequence element editor, carrying out Boolean operation of 'a & b' on binary surfaces and extrusion surfaces to obtain a main mirror surface and an intersection part of extraction surfaces, setting the material of a Boolean object to be consistent with the material of an original optical design main mirror, wherein the Boolean object is a single sub-mirror part of a large-caliber diffraction main mirror, and is set in the non-sequence element editor shown in figure 4. Setting Boolean objects with the same number as the sub-mirrors, enabling the profile of the extruded surface sub-mirror to coincide with the designed block mirror, and repeating the operation to finish the step of representing the main mirror into a plurality of sub-mirrors.
Step two, determining the position error limit Delta L of the single degree of freedom of all the sub mirrors of the block mirror according to the set imaging qualityiI 1,2, 6, i denotes a degree of freedom number.
And writing an interface program by using a DDE (dynamic data exchange) server between MATLAB and ZEMAX, and adjusting the nonsequential structural parameters of the main mirror to realize the adjustment of the position error of the single sub-mirror with six degrees of freedom.
Firstly, a coordinate system is established, in which the center of the segmented mirror is taken as an origin, the axial direction of a connecting line between the origin of the main mirror and the center of the sub-mirror is the Y-axis direction, the vertical axial direction is the X-axis direction, the plane of the sub-mirror is the XOY plane, and the optical axis direction is the Z-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 5.
Six degrees of freedom positional error is added to the sub-mirrors, i.e. to the boolean objects representing the individual sub-mirrors in the non-sequence element editor, as shown in fig. 6.
The imaging quality variation caused by the position error of the sub-mirrors with similar shapes is also similar, and the position error limit of the single degree of freedom of all the sub-mirrors can be considered to be the same. Determining the upper limit of the position error of a single degree of freedom, i.e. introducing the error for all sub-mirrorsAnd obtaining an imaging evaluation result of all the sub-mirrors after the addition of the position errors of the degree of freedom according to the random errors in the upper error limit of the degree of freedom, introducing random errors of different degrees by changing the size of the upper error limit, and determining the position offset of the degree of freedom which meets the imaging quality requirement condition, namely the position error limit of the degree of freedom. Obtaining the upper limit Delta L of the six-freedom-degree error of a single sub-mirror in the same wayi(i＝1，2,…,6)。
Step three, determining the joint position error limit Delta L of all the sub mirrors of the blocking mirror by integrating the imaging quality and the technical indexi',ΔLi'＝MiΔLiWherein M isiIs a weighting factor.
The influence of different position errors of the blocking mirror on the imaging quality can be regarded as linear superposition, and a weight factor M is introduced according to the influence degree of the blocking mirror on the imaging qualityi(i ═ 1,2, …, 6). All the position errors of the sub-mirrors of the blocking mirror cause the imaging quality to change and can be considered to be caused by linear combination of the position errors. The sum of the position errors corresponding to the change in imaging quality is expressed as Δ LsThe error when the errors of six degrees of freedom are added simultaneously is called as the combined position error limit Delta Li', and considers the combined position error limit and the single degree of freedom position error Δ L in step twoiIn relation to this, the image quality is influenced by a weighting factor M according to the degree of influence on the image qualityiThe relationship of each parameter is
From the above relationship, the joint position error limit, i.e., the weight factor of each degree of freedom position error, is determined. Firstly, the influence degree of the position error of each degree of freedom is the same by default, namely, the weighting factors are considered to be the same.
Introducing random position errors in the upper limit of the joint errors of six degrees of freedom to all sub-mirrors of the blocking mirror by using MATLAB (matrix laboratory), obtaining an imaging quality evaluation function under corresponding conditions, comparing imaging quality requirements, and uniformly scaling hypothetical error values, namely uniformly adjusting position error weights M of all degrees of freedomiAnd obtaining the upper limit of the joint position error under the initial adjustment.
According to the actual requirements of error measurement and correction precision in technical indexes, the weight values of all degrees of freedom are independently adjusted, the position error limit of the blocking mirror with large influence on the imaging quality is contracted, the position error limit of the blocking mirror with small influence on the imaging quality is relaxed, and the error limit meets the actual adjustment requirement. And repeating the process of introducing random errors, and finally determining a group of spliced mirror position error limits meeting the design requirements under multiple groups of random errors.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for analyzing position errors of a blocking mirror of a main mirror of a large-aperture film-based diffraction optical system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a large-aperture main mirror segmented film-based diffraction optical system is created by utilizing ZEMAX optical software, and a main mirror is represented into a segmented mirror form of a plurality of independent sub-mirrors by utilizing Boolean operation in a non-sequence mode;
step two, determining the position error limit Delta L of the single degree of freedom of all the sub mirrors of the block mirror according to the set imaging qualityiI 1,2, 6, i represents a degree of freedom number;
step three, determining the joint position error limit Delta L of all the sub mirrors of the blocking mirror by integrating the imaging quality and the technical indexi',ΔLi'＝MiΔLiWherein M isiIs a weighting factor.
2. The method for analyzing positional errors of a segmented mirror of a primary mirror in a large-aperture film-based diffractive optical system according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the positional errors of the image quality of the primary mirror is
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