CN111119446B - 一种pvc-tpu粘合法运动地板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种PVC‑TPU粘合法运动地板及其制备方法,从下到上依次包括发泡层、稳定层、PVC层、TPU层,原料包括PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂、染料。通过先熔融制备发泡层、稳定层、PVC层,然后将容有聚氯乙烯糊树脂的TPU层双重粘合到PVC层上制备一种PVC‑TPU粘合法运动地板,本发明通过将PVC贴合TPU,使地板的弹性更好,表面耐污效果提高了10倍以上,耐摩擦系数提高100倍以上,防紫外效果和老化测试均通过认证达到国家标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及运动地板生产技术领域,具体涉及一种PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板及其制备方法。
背景技术
PVC是常见的工程塑料之一,PVC具有热塑性,不溶于水、汽油和乙醇,在醚、酮、氯化脂肪烃和芳烃中溶胀或溶解,耐腐性强、介电性能良好,不仅具有质量轻的特点,而且还具有强度高、耐油、耐化学药品等特点,因此常被用于运动地板等材料。但其存在以下缺点:1、韧性差,受冲击时极易脆裂;2、聚氯乙烯的脆性受温度影响很大,一般PVC制品使用下限为-15℃,软质PVC的使用下限为-30℃。PVC的增韧改性剂很多,大体可分为弹性体增韧改性剂和非弹性体增韧改性剂,效果较好的有EVA、NBR、TPU、SBR、ABS、MBS、ACR、CPE、AS、PS等。
然而现有技术中往往存在PVC和改性材料相容性差导致两相的粘合力不足,在使用过程易出现分层开裂等现象,导致共混物的性能下降或不稳定,也不会产生好的增韧效果。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板及其制备方法,PVC通过贴合TPU,使地板的弹性更好,表面耐污效果提高10倍以上;耐摩擦系数提高100倍以上,防紫外效果通过认证达到国家标准(GB/18586),老化测试达到国家标准。
本发明的技术方案之一,提供一种PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板,其从下到上依次包括发泡层、稳定层、PVC层、TPU层;其中,
所述PVC层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂以及染料;
所述稳定层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂以及碳酸钙;
所述发泡层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂以及染料;
所述TPU层为聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TUP表面制成的混合物。
优选的,以重量份计,所述PVC层原料包括:PVC树脂80-100份、增塑剂55-65份、钡锌稳定剂1-1.3份以及染料1.0-1.3份。
优选的,以重量份计,所述稳定层原料包括:PVC树脂80-100份、增塑剂55-65份、钡锌稳定剂1-1.3份以及碳酸钙28-35份。
优选的,以重量份计,所述发泡层原料包括:PVC树脂80-120份、增塑剂55-65份、钾锌稳定剂1.0-1.8份、VC发泡剂2.5-3.5份以及染料1.0-1.3份。
优选的,所述增塑剂为增塑剂DOP。
优选的,所述TPU层中,聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TUP表面的涂覆厚度为3-5mm。
本发明的技术方案之二:上述PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)面层的涂布上浆,将PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂和染料混合,高温熔化炼成熔胶,在温度160-200℃,车速10-12m/min条件下进行涂布机上浆,熔胶定型后得到PVC层;
(2)布基粘合,将PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂和碳酸钙进行高温熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(1)所制备的PVC层表面,熔胶定型后得稳定层;
(3)涂饰发泡层:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂和染料进行高温熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(2)所制备的稳定层表面,熔胶定型后得发泡层;
(4)TPU贴合:以PVC为主机线淋膜机配合生产方法,将聚氯乙烯糊树脂加热熔融后,置于淋膜机中使聚氯乙烯糊树脂和TPU相容后得到TPU层,制得的TPU层与PVC层进行压合,经冷却成型后收卷即得PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板。
优选的,步骤(4)所述的TPU主料和PVC的粘合过程采用双重压花粘合。
优选的,步骤(4)淋膜机过程中制熔融混合液粘度为3000-8000pa.s,流速15-20m/min。
优选的,所述聚氯乙烯糊树脂为改性110PVC树脂或改性120PVC树脂。
与现有技术相比,本发明取得了以下有益效果:
(1)通过将溶有聚氯乙烯糊树脂的TPU层粘合到PVC层上完成了TUP对PVC层的改性,极大的提高的二者的相容性,克服了现有技术中TPU和PVC不相容导致的使用过程出现分层开裂等现象,同时避免了二者共混时导致的性能下降或不稳定的技术问题;
(2)PVC发泡层反弹性好,能抗冲击力,起到缓冲的作用,但是其不具有抗菌和抗紫外线功能,且防水功能不强,TPU则具有其它塑料材料所无法比拟的强度高、韧性好、耐磨、耐寒、耐油、耐水、耐老化、耐气候等特性,同时他具有高防水性透湿性、防风、防寒、抗菌、防霉、保暖、抗紫外线以及能量释放等许多优异的功能,本发明将TPU和PVC顺利粘合使地板的弹性更好,同时赋予了地板TPU和PVC所具有的双重的优异性能,使地板表面的耐污效果提高10倍以上,耐摩擦系数提高100倍以上,防紫外效果通过认证达到国家标准(GB/18586-2001),老化测试达到国家标准(GB/36246-2018),使用过程中还具有耐色变,防水湿滑等优异效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
称取原料:
PVC层原料包括:PVC树脂80份、增塑剂DOP 55份、钡锌稳定剂1份、染料1.0份。
稳定层原料包括:PVC树脂80份、增塑剂DOP 55份、钡锌稳定剂1份、碳酸钙28份。
发泡层原料包括:PVC树脂80份、增塑剂DOP 55份、钾锌稳定剂1份、VC发泡剂2.5份、染料1.0份。
PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板制备:
(1)面层的涂布上浆,将PVC层原料:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂、染料混合,高温熔化炼成熔胶,在温度160℃,车速10m/min下进行涂布机上浆,凝胶定型后得到PVC层;
(2)布基粘合,将稳定层原料:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂、碳酸钙进行高温熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(1)所制备的PVC层表面,凝胶定型后得稳定层;
(3)涂饰发泡层:将发泡层原料:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂、染料进行高温熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(2)所制备的稳定层表面,凝胶定型后得发泡层;
(4)TPU贴合:以PVC为主机线淋膜机配合生产方法,将聚氯乙烯糊树脂加热熔融后,置于淋膜机中使聚氯乙烯糊树脂和TPU相容后得到TPU层,制得的TPU层与PVC层进行压合,经冷却成型后收卷即得PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板,所述聚氯乙烯糊树脂为改性110PVC树脂,通过淋膜机将聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TPU上的过程中,控制熔融混合液粘度为5000pa.s,流速15m/min。
实施例2-5
同实施例1,区别在于各原料用量见表1。
表1
实施例6
同实施例2,区别在于未加入聚氯乙烯糊树脂,直接将二者压合。
实施例7
同实施例2,区别在于通过淋膜机将聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TPU上的过程中,控制熔融混合液粘度为7000pa.s,流速20m/min。
实施例8,同实施例2,区别在于通过淋膜机将聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TPU上的过程中,控制熔融混合液粘度为8000pa.s,流速20m/min。
将实施例1-8制备的粘合地板进行性能检测。
检测标准:
GB 18586-2001《室内装饰装修材料聚氯乙烯卷材地板中有害物质限量》;
GB/T 14833-2011《合成材料跑到面层》;
经检测,实施例1-8所制备的地板材料均满足GB 18586-2001所规定的有害物质含量要求。GB/T 14833-2011《合成材料跑到面层》检测结果见表2。
表2 GB/T 14833-2011检测结果
Claims (1)
1.一种PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板,其特征在于,其从下到上依次包括发泡层、稳定层、PVC层、TPU层;其中,
所述PVC层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂以及染料;
所述稳定层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂以及碳酸钙;
所述发泡层原料包括:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂以及染料;
所述TPU层为由聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TUP表面制成的混合物;
所述TPU层中,聚氯乙烯糊树脂涂覆在TUP表面的涂覆厚度为3-5mm;
所述的PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)面层的涂布上浆,将PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂和染料混合,熔化炼成熔胶,在温度160-200℃,车速10-12m/min条件下进行涂布机上浆,熔胶定型后得到PVC层;
(2)布基粘合,将PVC树脂、增塑剂、钡锌稳定剂和碳酸钙进行熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(1)所制备的PVC层表面,熔胶定型后得稳定层;
(3)涂饰发泡层:PVC树脂、增塑剂、钾锌稳定剂、VC发泡剂和染料进行熔化炼成熔胶后涂覆于步骤(2)所制备的稳定层表面,熔胶定型后得发泡层;
(4)TPU贴合:以PVC为主机线淋膜机配合生产方法,将聚氯乙烯糊树脂加热熔融后,置于淋膜机中使聚氯乙烯糊树脂和TPU相容后得到TPU层,制得的TPU层与PVC层进行压合,经冷却成型后收卷即得PVC-TPU粘合法运动地板;
以重量份计,所述PVC层原料包括:PVC树脂80-100份、增塑剂 55-65份、钡锌稳定剂1-1.3份以及染料1.0-1.3份;
以重量份计,所述稳定层原料包括:PVC树脂80-100份、增塑剂 55-65份、钡锌稳定剂1-1.3份以及碳酸钙28-35份;
以重量份计,所述发泡层原料包括:PVC树脂80-120份、增塑剂 55-65份、钾锌稳定剂1.0-1.8份、VC发泡剂2.5-3.5份以及染料 1.0-1.3份;
所述增塑剂为增塑剂DOP;
步骤(4)所述的TPU层和PVC的粘合过程采用双重压花粘合;
步骤(4)淋膜过程中控制熔融混合液粘度为3000-8000pa.s,流速15-20m/min。
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