CN111118735B - Preparation method of sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material - Google Patents

Preparation method of sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material Download PDF

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CN111118735B
CN111118735B CN201911386304.5A CN201911386304A CN111118735B CN 111118735 B CN111118735 B CN 111118735B CN 201911386304 A CN201911386304 A CN 201911386304A CN 111118735 B CN111118735 B CN 111118735B
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absorbing
sound
elastic fiber
polyester elastic
shock
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CN111118735A (en
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朱承乾
张元华
沈建根
黄金刚
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, which comprises the steps of ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing, carding, lapping, drying, shaping and trimming to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material; preparation of polyester elastic fiber: in the process of preparing the round sheath-core composite fiber from the modified PET and the PTT according to the short-filament spinning process, the spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a round shape, cooling is carried out by adopting circular blowing, and the arrangement of the trilobal spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate is controlled to meet certain conditions, so as to prepare short filaments, namely the polyester elastic fiber; the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the polyester elastic fiber has a bulk V1＞170cm3Fill power V,/g2＞58cm3(ii)/g; the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and shock absorption material is 0.46-0.52 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is more than or equal to 80%.

Description

Preparation method of sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials, and relates to a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material.
Background
Porous sound absorbing materials are usually made of fibrous, granular or foamed materials in a process to form a porous structure; the material is characterized in that: having a large number of interconnected surface-to-interior pores. When sound waves are incident to the surface of the porous material, air vibration in the micropores is caused, and due to the friction resistance, the viscous resistance of the air and the heat conduction effect, a part of sound energy is converted into heat energy, so that the sound absorption effect is achieved; the surface structure of the sound-absorbing material (which affects the reflection point of the sound waves) is therefore related to the amount of air in the sound-absorbing panel.
The polyester fiber sound-absorbing board is an ideal sound-absorbing decorative material, has the characteristics of environmental protection, heat preservation, moisture protection, mildew resistance, high cost performance and the like, can be mixed with other materials in the processing process, is combined in a non-woven technology mode, and has the effect of pressure in the process; in order to achieve better sound absorption, the sound absorbing material should have more sound reflection points and greater porosity.
Therefore, it is very important to develop a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material with more sound wave reflection points and larger porosity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, and aims to solve the problem of how to further improve the sound wave reflection point and the porosity of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially passing through a multi-bin cotton mixing machine, a fine opening machine, an air pressure cotton box cotton feeding machine and ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing (the ultrasonic power is 500-700W, and the frequency is 900-1100 Hz), and conveying and supplying to a carding machine;
(2) carding: carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing respectively by a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine (the technological parameters are that the feeding speed is 2-3.5 m/min, the rotating speed of a first licker-in is 700-1100 r/min, the rotating speed of a second licker-in is 900-1250 r/min, the rotating speed of a third licker-in is 1600-1800 r/min, the total number of the surfaces of the licker-in is 6000-6500 teeth, the surface speed ratio of the cylinder and the licker-in is 2.1-2.3, the rotating speed of the cylinder is 280-330 r/min, and the rotating speed of the doffer is 35-45 r/min);
(3) lapping: carrying out vertical alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers by adopting a vertical lapping machine under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 6-25 HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 10-130 mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment (the ultrasonic power is 150-300W, the frequency is 5-15 KHz, and the time is 5-15 min) to obtain a vertical cotton semi-finished product;
(4) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product (vacuum drying is adopted, the temperature is 160-230 ℃), and trimming and arranging to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the preparation process of the polyester elastic fiber comprises the following steps:
in the process of preparing the round sheath-core composite fiber from the modified PET and PTT according to the short-filament spinning process, changing the spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate from round to trilobal, cooling by adopting circular blowing, and controlling the arrangement of the trilobal spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate to meet certain conditions to prepare short filaments with the length of 55-63 mm, namely the polyester elastic fiber;
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting;
the molecular chain of the modified PET consists of a polyethylene terephthalate chain segment and a PTMG chain segment; according to the invention, PET is modified, and PTMG chain segments are introduced into the molecular chain of the PET, so that the elasticity of the polyester fiber is improved, and the polyester elastic fiber is obtained;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
the certain conditions are as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows:
according to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the mass ratio of the modified PET to the PTT is 50: 50.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, in the process of preparing the modified PET, the addition amount of the PTMG is 5-8 wt% of the addition amount of the polyethylene terephthalate.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the intrinsic viscosity of the modified PET is 0.55-0.60 dL/g, and the temperature of a spinning manifold corresponding to the modified PET is 275-280 ℃; the intrinsic viscosity of the PTT is 1.10-1.20 dL/g, and the temperature of a spinning box corresponding to the PTT is 268-273 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 273-276 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.4-0.6 m/s, the winding speed is 800-1000 m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 80-85 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 120-125 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 120-130 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.0-3.5, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 90-120 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the polyester elastic fiber is composed of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with the cross sections in the trefoil shape, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trefoil shape, the part of the trefoil shape overlapped with the imaginary circle is the core layer, and the rest part is the skin layer.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the breaking strength of the polyester elastic fiber is more than or equal to 3.0cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 35.0 +/-5.0%, and the filament number is 0.8-1.0 dtex.
In the method for preparing the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted shape and a three-dimensional curled shape, and the bulk V1＞170cm3Fill power V,/g2＞58cm3(test standard FZ/T52004-1998), and the torsion angle phi per unit length is 48-153 DEG/10 mu m (
Figure BDA0002343728080000021
l is the length of the fiber section with a number of turns of 1 in μm).
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 50: 50-80: 20.
According to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the sound-absorbing coefficient of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material is 0.46-0.52 (the test standard is ISO10534-2) and the compression resilience is more than or equal to 80% (the test standard is MTS-F05-05-001-A2-2015,5.2.15) at 1000 Hz; the sound absorption capacity, i.e., the sound absorption coefficient, can be expressed in decimal numbers.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the polyester elastic fiber is prepared according to a short-yarn spinning process, modified PET and PTT are extruded from trilobal spinneret orifices on the same spinneret plate, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal, which is coincided with the imaginary circle, is a core layer, the rest part is a skin layer, and in skin-core composite spinning, the distribution relation of melts on the spinneret plate is as follows: the core layer corresponds to one melt I (modified PET or PTT), and the skin layer corresponds to the other melt II (modified PET or PTT); when two melts are extruded from the spinneret orifices under the action of spinning pressure, the melt I is mainly extruded from the core layer, the melt II is mainly extruded from the skin layer, and the spinneret orifices are trilobal, so that the part of each leaf of the trilobal close to the circle center is the melt I, and the end of each leaf far away from the circle center is the melt II; cooling with a circular air blow while drawing to form fibers. When the fiber is in heat treatment, there will be a force effect on its cross section: the two components are arranged on each blade, and the thermal shrinkage rates of the two components are different, so that a drag force is formed on the blade, and the drag forces on the three blades face to the circle center or depart from the circle center simultaneously; moreover, because the trilobes of the trilobe spinneret orifice are not exactly equal in width, the drag on each lobe is different; the different drag forces enable the modified PET/PTT sheath-core composite monofilament in the prepared polyester elastic fiber to present a twisted shape and have stable twisting performance, and on the basis of the twisting, a certain three-dimensional curling shape is formed.
Adopt foretell polyester elastic fiber as raw materials and low melting point polyester elastic fiber to mix preparation sound absorbing damping material, because polyester elastic fiber's distortion form, and the distortion performance can not receive the pressure effect in the course of working and destroy, and then, in this sound absorbing damping material, fibrous surface is not smooth circular, this kind has groove structure and distorted surface and makes sound absorbing damping material have higher sound wave reflectivity (more sound wave reflection point), then the energy of sound wave is more by the consumption ground, sound absorbing effect is better.
In the processing of the polyester elastic fiber in the three-dimensional self-curling form, when pressure comes from the longitudinal direction of the fiber, the polyester elastic fiber has good elastic recovery rate, and when the pressure comes from the transverse direction of the fiber, the polyester elastic fiber has large bending modulus and is not easy to bend, so that the polyester elastic fiber integrally shows the characteristic of good compression resilience, the porosity in the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material is increased to a certain extent, the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing performance is further improved, and when the compression resilience is good, the service durability of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material is also improved.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material adopts the processes of trilobal spinneret orifices, circular blowing and short-filament spinning to prepare the polyester elastic fiber, and the fiber has self-twisting and three-dimensional self-curling forms;
(2) according to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the polyester elastic fiber with the self-twisting and special-shaped cross section has larger specific surface area and reflection efficiency on sound waves, and the prepared sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material has better effect;
(3) according to the preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material, the elastic recovery rate and the flexural modulus of the polyester elastic fiber in the three-dimensional self-curling state are improved, and the prepared sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material is controlled in porosity and higher in durability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the shape of a trilobal spinneret orifice of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the orifices of the present invention on a spinneret.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The shape of the trilobal spinneret orifice and the distribution schematic diagram of the spinneret orifice on the spinneret plate are shown in figures 1 and 2, the spinneret orifice on the spinneret plate is trilobal, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the certain conditions are as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center.
Fig. 1 and 2 are merely schematic and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 5 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.6 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 58mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 276 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the modified PET is 280 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the PTT is 269 ℃, the cooling temperature is 22 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.59m/s, the winding speed is 980m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 81 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 121 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 123 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 97 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.5:2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 2.5:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 174cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 60cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 99 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 40%, and the filament number is 0.9 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 50: 50;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 6HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 10mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.47 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 82 percent.
Example 2
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 5 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.55 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 55mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.16dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 273 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box corresponding to the modified PET is 275 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box corresponding to the PTT is 272 ℃, the cooling temperature is 24 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.4m/s, the winding speed is 800m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 83 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 122 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 124 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.5, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 100 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.0:2.0, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 2.8:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 174cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 59cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 78 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.27cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 32%, and the filament number is 0.9 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 80: 20;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 17HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 40mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.46 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 80 percent.
Example 3
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 7 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.6 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 55mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.15dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 275 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the modified PET is 277 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the PTT is 271 ℃, the cooling temperature is 23 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.45m/s, the winding speed is 910m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 81 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 120 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 122 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.1, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 96 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.0:2.0, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 2.7:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 177cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 60cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 153 DEG/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.05cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 38%, and the filament number is 0.9 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 70: 30;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 12HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 50mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.47 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 87%.
Example 4
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 8 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.55 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 63mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.2dL/g) in a mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 274 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the modified PET is 275 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the PTT is 273 ℃, the cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.43m/s, the winding speed is 840m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 85 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 125 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 130 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.1, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 120 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.2:2.2, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 3.5:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT sheath-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and surrounds the monofilamentsMaking an imaginary circle at the center of the trefoil, wherein the superposed part of the trefoil and the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 179cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 61cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 115 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.08cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 38%, and the filament number is 0.9 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 70: 30;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 21HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 50mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.49 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 85 percent.
Example 5
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 7 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.58 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 58mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.17dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 275 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the modified PET is 276 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the PTT is 272 ℃, the cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.58m/s, the winding speed is 930m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 80 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 120 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 120 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.3, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 90 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.5:1.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width is 2.6:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 181cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 63cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 95 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.15cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 35%, and the filament number is 1 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 55: 45;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 25HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 80mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.52 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 82 percent.
Example 6
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 5 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.55 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 63mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.18dL/g) in a mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 274 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the modified PET is 276 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the PTT is 272 ℃, the cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.42m/s, the winding speed is 830m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 83 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 123 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 124 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.5, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 106 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.8:1.8, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 3.1:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 181cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 62cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 48 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.3cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 30 percent, and the filament number is 1 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 65: 35;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 21HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 80mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.47 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 85 percent.
Example 7
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 5 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.56 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 58mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.1dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 275 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the modified PET is 276 ℃, the temperature of a spinning box body corresponding to the PTT is 268 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.43m/s, the winding speed is 850m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 84 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 124 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 126 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.2, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 110 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.4:2.4, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 3.1:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 183cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 63cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 53 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 35 percent, and the filament number is 0.8dtex；
(3) Ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 70: 30;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 17HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 100mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.49 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 82 percent.
Example 8
A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing modified PET: in the preparation process, the addition amount of PTMG is 7 wt% of the addition amount of polyethylene terephthalate, and the intrinsic viscosity of modified PET is 0.6 dL/g;
(2) preparation of polyester elastic fiber: preparing short filaments with the length of 55mm by using modified PET (prepared in the step (1)) and PTT (with the intrinsic viscosity of 1.11dL/g) with the mass ratio of 50:50 according to a short filament spinning process and a process of circular sheath-core composite fibers, and obtaining the polyester elastic fibers; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting; the parameters of the short yarn spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 276 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the modified PET is 279 ℃, the temperature of a spinning beam corresponding to the PTT is 271 ℃, the cooling temperature is 22 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.6m/s, the winding speed is 1000m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 84 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 125 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 128 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.4, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 111 ℃.
The spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate are changed into a trilobal shape from a circle, the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.5:1.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width is 3.2:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
cooling by circular blowing and controlling the arrangement of trilobal spinneret orifices on a spinneret plate as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the prepared polyester elastic fiber consists of a plurality of modified PET/PTT skin-core composite monofilaments with trilobal cross sections, an imaginary circle is made around the center of the trilobal, the part of the trilobal which is overlapped with the imaginary circle is a core layer, and the rest part is a skin layer; the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form, a three-dimensional curled form, and a bulk V1Is 180cm3Fill power V,/g2Is 61cm3G, the torsion angle phi of the unit length is 63 degrees/10 mu m; the breaking strength is 3.21cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 33 percent, and the filament number is 0.9 dtex;
(3) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine; wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber is 65: 35;
(4) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(5) lapping: adopting an upright lapping machine to carry out upright alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 16HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 130mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain an upright cotton semi-finished product;
(6) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
the sound absorption coefficient of the prepared sound absorption and vibration reduction material is 0.47 at 1000Hz, and the compression resilience is 85 percent.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic air pressure cotton mixing: respectively taking polyester elastic fiber and low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber, sequentially carrying out multi-bin cotton mixing, fine opening, pneumatic cotton box feeding machine and ultrasonic pneumatic cotton mixing, and conveying and supplying to a carding machine;
(2) carding: respectively carding the polyester elastic fiber and the low-melting-point polyester elastic fiber after cotton mixing by adopting a single-cylinder double-doffer carding machine;
(3) lapping: carrying out vertical alternate lapping and forming on the two kinds of carded fibers by adopting a vertical lapping machine under the condition that the swing lapping parameter is 6-25 HZ, wherein the lapping thickness is 10-130 mm, and finally carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a vertical cotton semi-finished product;
(4) drying, shaping and trimming: drying and shaping the vertical cotton semi-finished product, and trimming regularly to obtain the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material;
when the sound absorption and shock absorption material is at 1000Hz, the sound absorption coefficient is 0.46-0.52, and the compression resilience is more than or equal to 80%;
the preparation process of the polyester elastic fiber comprises the following steps:
in the process of preparing the round sheath-core composite fiber from the modified PET and PTT according to the short-filament spinning process, changing the spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate from round to trilobal, cooling by adopting circular blowing, and controlling the arrangement of the trilobal spinneret orifices on the spinneret plate to meet certain conditions to prepare short filaments with the length of 55-63 mm, namely the polyester elastic fiber;
the short yarn spinning process comprises the following steps: extrusion → cooling → oiling → winding → storage → bundling → water bath drafting → steam drafting → tension heat setting → curling → relaxation heat setting → cutting;
the molecular chain of the modified PET consists of a polyethylene terephthalate chain segment and a PTMG chain segment;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are equal, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width ratio is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
the certain conditions are as follows: all the trilobal spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the shortest leaf of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center;
the polyester elastic fiber has a twisted form and a three-dimensional curled form, and has a bulk V1＞170cm3Fill power V,/g2＞58cm3Twist angle per unit length/g
Figure FDA0002998159870000011
Is 48 to 153 DEG/10 mu m.
2. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the modified PET to the PTT is 50: 50.
3. The method for preparing sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the amount of PTMG added in the process of preparing the modified PET is 5-8 wt% of the amount of polyethylene terephthalate added.
4. The preparation method of the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material according to claim 3, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the modified PET is 0.55-0.60 dL/g, and the temperature of a spinning manifold corresponding to the modified PET is 275-280 ℃; the intrinsic viscosity of the PTT is 1.10-1.20 dL/g, and the temperature of a spinning box corresponding to the PTT is 268-273 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the parameters of the short filament spinning process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 273-276 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 0.4-0.6 m/s, the winding speed is 800-1000 m/min, the water bath drafting temperature is 80-85 ℃, the steam drafting temperature is 120-125 ℃, the tension heat setting temperature is 120-130 ℃, the stretching multiple is 3.0-3.5, and the relaxation heat setting temperature is 90-120 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyester elastic fiber is composed of a plurality of modified PET/PTT sheath-core composite monofilaments having a trefoil cross section, an imaginary circle is drawn around the center of the trefoil, the portion of the trefoil coinciding with the imaginary circle is the core layer, and the remaining portion is the skin layer.
7. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the polyester elastic fiber has a breaking strength of not less than 3.0cN/dtex, an elongation at break of 35.0 ± 5.0%, and a single fiber fineness of 0.8 to 1.0 dtex.
8. The method for preparing the sound-absorbing and shock-absorbing material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester elastic fiber to the low-melting polyester elastic fiber is 50:50 to 80: 20.
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CN1343271A (en) * 2000-01-07 2002-04-03 帝人株式会社 Crimped polyester fiber and fibrous structure comprising the same
JP2009133025A (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-18 Toray Ind Inc Spinneret of thermoplastic modified cross-section fiber and method for producing thermoplastic modified cross-section fiber
CN201648598U (en) * 2010-04-12 2010-11-24 吴书家 Spinning plate
CN108978040A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-11 芜湖跃飞新型吸音材料股份有限公司 A kind of automobile shock sound-absorbing upright cotton and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1343271A (en) * 2000-01-07 2002-04-03 帝人株式会社 Crimped polyester fiber and fibrous structure comprising the same
JP2009133025A (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-18 Toray Ind Inc Spinneret of thermoplastic modified cross-section fiber and method for producing thermoplastic modified cross-section fiber
CN201648598U (en) * 2010-04-12 2010-11-24 吴书家 Spinning plate
CN108978040A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-11 芜湖跃飞新型吸音材料股份有限公司 A kind of automobile shock sound-absorbing upright cotton and preparation method thereof

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