CN111115610A - Dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate - Google Patents

Dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate Download PDF

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CN111115610A
CN111115610A CN201911367687.1A CN201911367687A CN111115610A CN 111115610 A CN111115610 A CN 111115610A CN 201911367687 A CN201911367687 A CN 201911367687A CN 111115610 A CN111115610 A CN 111115610A
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iron phosphate
lithium
lithium iron
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CN111115610B (en
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李冬
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/16Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
    • C01B25/26Phosphates
    • C01B25/45Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate, which comprises the following steps: 1) dispersing iron phosphate, sanding the iron phosphate by using zirconium balls until the particle size of material particles is less than or equal to 1um, filtering, drying, and dehydrating at high temperature to obtain nano-scale iron phosphate without crystal water; 2) preliminarily mixing the nanoscale iron phosphate obtained in the step 1) with a lithium source, a carbon source and a dopant by using a mixer to obtain a mixture A; 3) crushing the mixture A by airflow, mixing for the second time, pressing and shaping, introducing organic compound gas under the protection of atmosphere, and firing at high temperature to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate; 4) and (3) airflow crushing large-particle lithium iron phosphate into particles with the particle size less than or equal to 4um to obtain the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-system lithium ion battery technology. The lithium iron phosphate prepared by the invention is subjected to nano sanding treatment, the materials can be uniformly mixed in a submicron order after being mixed, lithium ions can be embedded into the iron phosphate more quickly, and the subsequent carbon coating of the lithium iron phosphate is more complete.

Description

Dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of functional performance source materials, and particularly relates to a dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate.
Background
The lithium iron phosphate is a novel lithium ion battery anode material and is characterized by large discharge capacity, low price, no toxicity and no environmental pollution. The existing olivine type LiFePO4 serving as the anode material of the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high theoretical capacity (170mAh/g), high theoretical cycle performance, stable structure, environmental friendliness, rich resources and the like.
The internal material of the lithium ion battery consists of four parts, namely a negative electrode material, an electrolyte, a diaphragm and a positive electrode material, and the structure and the performance of the internal material of the battery determine the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery. The negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is mostly made of graphite material commercially, so the cost of selecting the positive electrode material has great influence on the cost of the battery, and the performance of the positive electrode material also has great influence on the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery, such as rate capability, charge-discharge specific capacity, cycle performance and the like.
The lithium iron phosphate market mainly comprises a power market and an energy storage market; lithium iron phosphate batteries are in the energy storage market and are mainly used in the fields of base station energy storage, data center energy storage, household energy storage, wind and solar power generation energy storage and the like. The method is the main development direction of the energy storage battery, and the market demand scale is very large.
In the production of the lithium iron phosphate anode material, an organic solvent is needed to disperse the material, and ball milling or sand milling is carried out to achieve the purpose of refining material particles. In the manufacturing process of the lithium ion battery, a large amount of organic solvent is used to dissolve the binder, disperse the anode material, and prepare slurry, so that the anode material can be coated on the aluminum foil. The organic solvent is applied in a large amount, has great influence on the environment and hides great potential safety hazard. In order to protect the environment and recover the organic solvent, the enterprises must bear huge cost pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate, which is suitable for a water-based lithium battery process, does not need to use an organic solvent and has low production cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) adding iron phosphate into deionized water for dispersion, then transferring the iron phosphate into a nano sand mill, sanding the iron phosphate for 1 to 8 hours by using zirconium balls with the particle size of 0.1 to 0.8mm until the particle size of material particles is less than or equal to 1um, filtering the iron phosphate, drying the iron phosphate at the temperature of between 60 and 160 ℃, and performing high-temperature dehydration treatment at the temperature of 400 plus materials and 740 ℃ for 6 to 14 hours in an atmosphere environment to obtain the nano-scale iron phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) preliminarily mixing the nanoscale iron phosphate without crystal water obtained in the step 1) with a lithium source, a carbon source and an adulterant for 4-16h by using a mixer according to the proportion of FeP to Li to C to X being 1:0.9-1.2:0.6-1:0.001-0.008 to obtain a uniform mixture A of the iron phosphate, the lithium source, the carbon source and the adulterant;
3) crushing the mixture A obtained in the step 2) by airflow, mixing for the second time until the particle size of the particles is less than or equal to 3um, namely, uniformly mixing the materials at submicron level, pressing and shaping, putting into a high-temperature furnace, introducing organic compound gas under the protection of atmosphere, and firing at 600-900 ℃ for 4-10h to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) airflow crushing the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to obtain a material with a particle size of less than or equal to 4um, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery technology.
Preferably, the nano-sand mill in the step 1) is used for sanding for 1-8h by using 0.1-0.7mm zirconium balls.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step 1) is 60-140 ℃, and the dehydration temperature is 450-740 ℃.
Preferably, the atmosphere in step 1) is one or two or more of dry air, nitrogen and argon.
Preferably, the lithium source in step 2) is one or two or more of lithium oxide, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate and lithium acetate; the carbon source is one or two or more of glucose, sucrose, chitosan and cyclodextrin; the dopant is one or two or more of Mg, Mn, Ti, Nb, Y, Ni and Rb; the ratio of the ferric phosphate to the lithium source, the carbon source and the dopant is FeP: Li: C: X: 1:0.9-1.15:0.65-1: 0.001-0.007.
Preferably, the protective atmosphere in step 3) is one or two or more of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the organic compound gas in step 3) is one or two or more of methane, ethane, ethylene and acetylene.
Preferably, the firing temperature in the step 3) is 640-850 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 4), the large-particle lithium iron phosphate is dried at a dew point of-5 ℃ and then pulverized.
In the production of the lithium iron phosphate, the materials are mixed and refined by a dry method to prepare the product, an organic solvent is not needed in the sand grinding process, the influence of the organic solvent on the environment and the corresponding safety hidden trouble do not exist, and meanwhile, the production cost is effectively reduced without the use of the organic solvent; the lithium iron phosphate anode material overcomes the defects of low active material proportion and difficult dispersion of a peer product in a water system process pulping process in the process of using a water system process lithium ion battery; in the process of coating and flaking, the adhesion is poor, the powder falls off, the pole piece is brittle and is easy to crack and fall off; after the battery is manufactured, the problems of poor capacity exertion, poor power performance, low cycle life and the like are solved, and the problems of environmental protection, safety and cost caused by using an organic solvent in the production of a positive electrode material and the manufacturing process of a lithium ion battery are well solved.
① the time required by the sintering process in the production of the lithium iron phosphate material is 20-30% less than that in the production of the same material, ② the invention carries out early-stage processing on the iron phosphate by adopting a water-based nano sanding process to change the particle volume of the iron phosphate without using an organic solvent, in addition, in the step 3), the mixture A is mixed by adopting a dry mixing process of driving the mixture particles to carry out opposite flushing mixing by using compressed air flow, and an organic solvent wet mixing process is not adopted, namely, the invention does not use organic solvent for dispersion in the production of the lithium iron phosphate material, has no corresponding environmental influence and potential safety hazard, and reduces the cost by 20-30% compared with the cost of the material prepared by using the organic solvent for dispersion in the same way, ③ the invention relates to the anode material of the lithium iron phosphate, and in the process of using a water system process and a lithium ion battery, the addition amount of the lithium iron phosphate in the slurry of the same material in the same way is 91%, and the compaction density is 1.9-23The pole piece is brittle and is easy to drop; the additive amount of the lithium iron phosphate in the material slurry is 94.5 percent, and the compacted density is 2.2-2.4g/cm3The battery has the advantages of soft pole piece, no breakage and no material falling after 90-degree bending, and ④ the drying time is less than that of the like product by 1/3 time, thus well solving the problems of environmental protection, safety and cost caused by using organic solvent in the production of positive pole material and the manufacturing process of lithium ion battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the discharge capacity of a lithium battery prepared by using the lithium iron phosphate of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the 1C charge-discharge cycle capacity retention after a lithium battery is prepared using the lithium iron phosphate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an electron microscope image of lithium iron phosphate according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 800g of ferric phosphate material, adding 1485g of deionized water according to 35% of solid content, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 120r/min, then transferring to a nano sand mill, sanding for 7h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.7mm to ensure that the particle diameter of the material reaches below 1um, drying for 18h at 140 ℃ after filtering, and dehydrating at the high temperature of 740 ℃ for 6h under the nitrogen environment to obtain the nano-scale ferric phosphate with the crystal water removed;
2) mixing the iron phosphate obtained in the step 1) with lithium oxide, glucose and magnesium oxide according to a mol ratio of FeP to Li to C to Mg of 1:0.9:1:0.007, and then placing the mixture into a mixer for primary mixing for 12 hours to obtain a mixture A of the iron phosphate and the lithium oxide, the glucose and the magnesium oxide;
3) crushing and secondarily mixing the mixture A of the iron phosphate, the lithium oxide, the glucose and the magnesium oxide obtained in the step 2) by airflow until the particle size is below 3um, namely, uniformly mixing the materials at a submicron level, pressing and shaping the materials, then putting the materials into a high-temperature furnace, heating the materials to 640 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, continuously introducing methane gas at a flow rate of 0.2L/min under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, and firing the materials for 10 hours to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) carrying out air flow crushing on the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to below 4um of material particles in a drying environment with a dew point of-5 ℃, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery process.
Example 2
A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 800g of ferric phosphate material, adding 1485g of deionized water according to 35% of solid content, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 120r/min, then transferring to a nano sand mill, sanding for 5h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.5mm to ensure that the particle diameter of the material reaches below 1um, drying for 18h at 120 ℃ after filtering, and dehydrating at the high temperature of 680 ℃ for 8h under the argon environment to obtain the nano-scale ferric phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) mixing the iron phosphate obtained in the step 1) with strong lithium oxide, sucrose and manganese carbonate according to a molar ratio of FeP to Li to C to Mn of 1:1:0.9:0.005, and then putting the mixture into a mixer for preliminary mixing for 8 hours to obtain a mixture A of the iron phosphate and the strong lithium oxide, the sucrose and the manganese carbonate;
3) crushing and mixing the mixture A of the iron phosphate obtained in the step 2), strong lithium oxide, sucrose and manganese carbonate by airflow for the second time until the particle size is below 3um, namely, uniformly mixing the materials at submicron level, pressing and shaping the materials, then putting the materials into a high-temperature furnace, heating the materials to 720 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, continuously introducing ethane gas at a flow rate of 0.2L/min under the protection of argon atmosphere, and firing the materials for 8 hours to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) carrying out air flow crushing on the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to below 4um of material particles in a drying environment with a dew point of-5 ℃, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery process.
Example 3
A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 800g of ferric phosphate material, adding 1485g of deionized water according to 35% of solid content, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 120r/min, then transferring to a nano sand mill, sanding for 5h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.3mm to ensure that the particle diameter of the material reaches below 1um, drying for 18h at the temperature of 100 ℃ after filtering, and dehydrating at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 10h under the argon environment to obtain the nano-scale ferric phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) mixing the iron phosphate obtained in the step 1) with lithium carbonate, chitosan and titanium oxide according to a mol ratio of FeP to Li to C to Ti of 1:1.05:0.65:0.004, and then putting the mixture into a mixer for primary mixing for 14 hours to obtain a mixture A of the iron phosphate, the lithium carbonate, the chitosan and the titanium oxide;
3) crushing and mixing the mixture A of the iron phosphate obtained in the step 2), lithium carbonate, chitosan and titanium oxide by using airflow for the second time until the particle size is below 3um, namely, uniformly mixing the materials at submicron level, pressing and shaping the materials, then putting the materials into a high-temperature furnace, heating the materials to 760 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and continuously introducing ethylene gas at a flow rate of 0.2L/min under the protection of carbon dioxide atmosphere to fire for 8 hours to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) carrying out air flow crushing on the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to below 4um of material particles in a drying environment with a dew point of-5 ℃, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery process.
Example 4
A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 800g of ferric phosphate material, adding 1485g of deionized water according to 35% of solid content, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 120r/min, then transferring to a nano sand mill, sanding for 2h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.2mm to ensure that the particle diameter of the material reaches below 1um, drying for 18h at 80 ℃ after filtering, and carrying out dehydration treatment at the high temperature of 520 ℃ for 12h under the argon environment to obtain the nano-scale ferric phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) mixing the ferric phosphate obtained in the step 1) with lithium acetate, cyclodextrin and yttrium oxide according to a molar ratio of FeP to Li to C to Y of 1:1.1:0.75:0.001, and placing the mixture into a mixer for primary mixing for 16 hours to obtain a mixture A of the ferric phosphate and the lithium acetate, the cyclodextrin and the yttrium oxide;
3) crushing and mixing the mixture A of the iron phosphate obtained in the step 2), lithium acetate, cyclodextrin and yttrium oxide by airflow for the second time until the particle size is below 3um, namely, uniformly mixing the materials at submicron level, pressing and shaping the materials, then putting the materials into a high-temperature furnace, heating the materials to 800 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, continuously introducing acetylene gas at a flow rate of 0.2L/min under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, and firing the materials for 6 hours to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) carrying out air flow crushing on the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to below 4um of material particles in a drying environment with a dew point of-5 ℃, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery process.
Example 5
A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 800g of ferric phosphate material, adding 1485g of deionized water according to 35% of solid content, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 120r/min, then transferring to a nano sand mill, sanding for 1h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.1mm to ensure that the particle diameter of the material reaches below 1um, drying for 18h at the temperature of 60 ℃ after filtering, and carrying out dehydration treatment at the temperature of 450 ℃ for 14h under the argon environment to obtain the nano-scale ferric phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) mixing the iron phosphate obtained in the step 1) with lithium oxide, sucrose and nickel oxide according to a molar ratio of FeP to Li to C to Ni of 1:1.15:0.85:0.006, and then placing the mixture into a mixer for primary mixing for 6 hours to obtain a mixture A of the iron phosphate and the lithium oxide, the sucrose and the nickel oxide;
3) crushing and secondarily mixing the mixture A of the iron phosphate, the lithium oxide, the sucrose and the nickel oxide obtained in the step 2) by airflow until the particle size is below 3um, namely uniformly mixing the materials at submicron level, pressing and shaping, then putting the mixture into a high-temperature furnace, heating to 850 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, continuously introducing methane gas at the flow rate of 0.2L/min under the protection of argon atmosphere, and firing for 4 hours to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) carrying out air flow crushing on the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to below 4um of material particles in a drying environment with a dew point of-5 ℃, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery process.
As shown in fig. 1, the discharge capacities of 0.2C current, 0.5C current and 1C current after the soft-package 4ah lithium battery prepared by the aqueous battery process using the lithium iron phosphate of the present invention as the positive electrode material are shown. Fig. 2 shows the 1C charge-discharge cycle capacity retention efficiency of the pouch battery following this.
The foregoing detailed description is intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, which is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and any changes and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. A dry mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding iron phosphate into deionized water for dispersion, then transferring the iron phosphate into a nano sand mill, sanding the iron phosphate for 1-8h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.1-0.8mm until the particle size of material particles is less than or equal to 1um, filtering the material particles, drying the material particles at the temperature of 60-160 ℃, and performing high-temperature dehydration treatment at the temperature of 400-740 ℃ for 6-14h in an atmosphere environment to obtain the nano-scale iron phosphate with crystal water removed;
2) preliminarily mixing the nanoscale iron phosphate without crystal water obtained in the step 1) with a lithium source, a carbon source and a dopant according to the proportion of FeP to Li to C to X being 1:0.9-1.2:0.6-1:0.001-0.008 by using a mixer for 4-16h,
obtaining a uniform mixture A of iron phosphate, a lithium source, a carbon source and a dopant;
3) crushing the mixture A obtained in the step 2) by airflow for two times, mixing until the particle size is less than or equal to 3um,
pressing and shaping, putting into a high-temperature furnace, introducing organic compound gas under the atmosphere protection, and firing at the temperature of 600-900 ℃ for 4-10h to obtain large-particle lithium iron phosphate;
4) and 3) airflow crushing the large-particle lithium iron phosphate obtained in the step 3) to obtain a material with a particle size of less than or equal to 4um, thus obtaining the lithium iron phosphate suitable for the water-based lithium ion battery technology.
2. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step 1), the nano sand mill is used for sanding for 1-8h by using a zirconium ball with the diameter of 0.1-0.7 mm.
3. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature in the step 1) is 60-140 ℃, and the dehydration temperature is 450-740 ℃.
4. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the atmosphere in the step 1) is one or two or more of dry air, nitrogen and argon.
5. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lithium source in the step 2) is one or two or more of lithium oxide, lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate and lithium acetate; the carbon source is one or two or more of glucose, sucrose, chitosan and cyclodextrin; the dopant is one or two or more of Mg, Mn, Ti, Nb, Y, Ni and Rb; the ratio of the ferric phosphate to the lithium source, the carbon source and the dopant is FeP: Li: C: X: 1:0.9-1.15:0.65-1: 0.001-0.007.
6. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective atmosphere in the step 3) is one or two or more of nitrogen, argon and carbon dioxide.
7. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic compound gas in the step 3) is one or two or more of methane, ethane, ethylene and acetylene.
8. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the firing temperature in the step 3) is 640-850 ℃.
9. The dry-mixing preparation method of lithium iron phosphate according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 4) drying the large-particle lithium iron phosphate in the step 4) at a dew point of-5 ℃ and then crushing the dried large-particle lithium iron phosphate.
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CN112897491A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-06-04 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Preparation method and application of lithium iron phosphate anode material
CN112938926A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-11 贵州安达科技能源股份有限公司 Lithium iron phosphate and preparation method thereof
CN113104829A (en) * 2021-03-19 2021-07-13 合肥国轩电池材料有限公司 Lithium iron phosphate material and preparation method and application thereof

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