CN111113131B

CN111113131B - Main shaft damping mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN111113131B
Application number: CN201911392910.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张春晖
Original assignee: Hunan Zdcy Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Zdcy Cnc Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-30
Also published as: CN111113131A

Abstract

The invention provides a main shaft damping mechanism which comprises a box body and a main shaft rotatably installed on the box body, wherein a plurality of movable members capable of being close to and far away from the main shaft are uniformly arranged on the peripheral side of the main shaft of the box body, a rolling structure is arranged at one end of each movable member close to the main shaft, and a control assembly for pushing the movable members close to the main shaft and enabling the rolling structures to abut against the main shaft is arranged at one end of each movable member far from the main shaft. When the main shaft vibrates to generate deflection, the main shaft damping mechanism can offset and absorb the vibration sense through the moving part, so that the damping function is realized, the rotation precision of the main shaft can be ensured, and the processing precision is improved.

Description

Main shaft damping mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a main shaft damping mechanism for a machine tool.

Background

In a machine tool having a rotary spindle, a working end is generally mounted on an end portion of the spindle, and the working end is rotated by the rotation of the spindle. In the actual working process, the main shaft may vibrate due to the working end, which causes excessive wear of the bearing on the main shaft near the working end, and further affects the normal operation and processing quality of the equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a main shaft damping mechanism which comprises a box body and a main shaft rotatably installed on the box body, wherein the box body is uniformly provided with a plurality of movable members capable of approaching and departing relative to the main shaft on the peripheral side of the main shaft, one ends of the movable members, approaching the main shaft, are provided with rolling structures, and one ends of the movable members, departing from the main shaft, are provided with a control assembly for pushing the movable members to approach the main shaft and enabling the rolling structures to abut against the main shaft.

According to the embodiment of the invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

when the main shaft vibrates to generate deflection, the main shaft damping mechanism can offset and absorb the vibration sense through the moving part, so that the damping function is realized, the rotation precision of the main shaft can be ensured, and the processing precision is improved.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the control component is provided with a hydraulic structure at one end of the movable member away from the main shaft, and the hydraulic structure is used for pushing the movable member to be close to the main shaft through hydraulic pressure.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a hydraulic chamber is arranged at one end of the movable member away from the main shaft, the hydraulic chamber is connected with a hydraulic oil path, and hydraulic pressure of all the hydraulic chambers is the same.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a first seal is disposed on the moveable member.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a limit structure is arranged between the box body and the movable member, and the limit structure is located at one end of the first sealing structure, which is far away from the hydraulic cavity, and is used for limiting the movable stroke of the movable member.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the limit structure comprises a limit groove or a limit protrusion arranged on the movable member and a limit protrusion or a limit groove correspondingly arranged on the box body, the length direction of the limit groove is consistent with the moving direction of the movable member, and the limit protrusion can be fitted into the limit groove.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the box body is provided with a through hole matched with the movable member, a hydraulic oil ring is arranged on the outer side of the box body, an annular groove containing all the through holes is arranged on the inner side of the hydraulic oil ring, and the hydraulic oil path is communicated with the annular groove.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a second sealing structure is provided between the hydraulic oil ring and the tank.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the rolling structure is a roller structure rotatably disposed on the movable member, the roller structure being capable of rotating with the main shaft when the main shaft rotates.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the movable members are circumferentially distributed and movable in a radial direction of the main shaft.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a distribution of moving parts;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the moveable member;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the hydraulic oil ring.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a main shaft damping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a case 101 and a main shaft 100 rotatably mounted on the case 101, the case 101 is uniformly provided with a plurality of movable members 102 on a peripheral side of the main shaft 100, the movable members 102 can be close to and away from the main shaft 100, one end of the movable members 102 close to the main shaft 100 is provided with a rolling structure 103, and one end of the movable members 102 away from the main shaft 100 is provided with a control component for pushing the movable members 102 close to the main shaft 100 and making the rolling structure 103 abut against the main shaft 100.

Specifically, the main shaft 100 is rotatably mounted on the casing 101 through a bearing 108, and at least one end of the main shaft extends outside the casing 101 to facilitate mounting of a working end. All of the moveable members 102 are disposed adjacent the exposed end of the main shaft 100, and the outermost bearing 108 is disposed adjacent the exposed end of the main shaft 100.

In this way, when the main shaft 100 of the damping mechanism of the main shaft 100 vibrates and generates deflection, the vibration sense can be offset and absorbed by the movable element 102, so that the damping function is realized, the rotation precision of the main shaft 100 can be ensured, and the processing precision can be improved.

The control assembly is preferably configured to provide a cushioning effect to facilitate the absorption of a shock.

In one embodiment, the control component is provided with a hydraulic structure at an end of the movable member 102 away from the main shaft 100, for pushing the movable member 102 close to the main shaft 100 by hydraulic pressure. This absorbs the vibration by the hydraulic pressure when the main shaft 100 vibrates.

The hydraulic structure is provided with a hydraulic chamber at one end of the movable member 102 away from the main shaft 100, the hydraulic chamber is connected with a hydraulic oil path, and hydraulic pressures of all the hydraulic chambers are the same. Because the movable part 102 can support the main shaft 100 under the hydraulic action, the hydraulic pressure of all the hydraulic cavities is kept consistent, the axle center precision of the main shaft 100 can be effectively ensured, and the abrasion between the main shaft 100 and the bearing 108 caused by different supporting force of the movable part 102 is avoided.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, to avoid leakage of hydraulic oil, a first sealing structure 106 is provided on the movable member 102. In this way, in the process that the movable element 102 approaches or leaves the main shaft 100, the first sealing structure 106 can seal the assembly gap between the first sealing structure and the box body 101, and hydraulic oil is prevented from leaking and permeating towards the direction approaching the main shaft 100.

Furthermore, a limiting structure is arranged between the box body 101 and the movable member 102, and the limiting structure is located at one end of the first sealing structure 106 far away from the hydraulic cavity and is used for limiting the movable stroke of the movable member 102.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the limiting structure includes a limiting groove or a limiting protrusion disposed on the moving member 102 and a limiting protrusion or a limiting groove disposed on the case 101, the length direction of the limiting groove is the same as the moving direction of the moving member 102, and the limiting protrusion can be fitted into the limiting groove.

The limiting structure can be used for positioning the movable element 102 during installation, and can limit the maximum stroke range of the movable element 102 to limit the swing range of the main shaft 100 in extreme cases.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment, the movable member 102 is provided as a piston structure, a through hole adapted to the movable member 102 is formed in the casing 101 along a radial direction of the main shaft 100, a hydraulic oil ring 105 is provided on an outer side of the casing 101, an annular groove including all the through holes is provided on an inner side of the hydraulic oil ring 105, and a hydraulic oil path communicates with the annular groove. The rolling structure 103 is a roller structure rotatably disposed on the movable member 102, and a rotation axis of the roller structure is parallel to an axis of the main shaft 100, so that the main shaft 100 can rotate along with the rotation. In the state in which the main shaft 100 is not displaced, the end of the movable member 102 is flush with the surface of the housing 101 in the annular groove or slightly recessed with respect to the surface of the housing 101. And the hydraulic oil ring 105 is provided with a second seal structure 109 between both sides of the annular groove and the case 101.

Thus, an annular oil chamber 104 can be formed by the annular groove on the hydraulic oil ring 105, and the structural form of the annular oil chamber is equivalent to that two adjacent hydraulic chambers are communicated with each other, so that the pressure applied to each movable piece 102 can be effectively ensured to be consistent. And the oil cavity 104 formed by adopting the structure is arranged, the flow resistance of hydraulic oil is smaller, so that the reaction is quicker, and the practicability is strong. The main shaft 100 is installed in the box 101, so that the movable element 102 is obviously inconvenient to install from the inner side, and the arrangement of the structure facilitates the installation of the movable element 102, and the structural design is reasonable.

Preferably, the movable member 102 is provided with a circle on the same circumference, which not only facilitates the processing of the through hole, but also is beneficial to ensuring the uniform circumferential stress of the main shaft 100.

The first seal structure 106 and the second seal structure 109 may be seal rings. The hydraulic oil ring 105 may be provided with a hydraulic fitting 107 communicating with the annular groove to facilitate connection to a hydraulic oil circuit. The roller structure may be formed of a bearing structure, and the following rotation is achieved by a friction force with the main shaft 100.

Further, the control unit may be provided in a spring-biased structure, a cylinder structure, or the like.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A main shaft damping mechanism is characterized by comprising a box body and a main shaft which is rotatably installed on the box body, wherein a plurality of moving parts which can be close to and far away from the main shaft are uniformly arranged on the box body on the peripheral side of the main shaft, a rolling structure is arranged at one end of each moving part close to the main shaft, a control assembly which pushes the moving parts to be close to the main shaft and enables the rolling structures to be abutted against the main shaft is arranged at one end of each moving part far away from the main shaft, a hydraulic structure is arranged at one end of each moving part far away from the main shaft and used for pushing the moving parts to be close to the main shaft through hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic cavity is arranged at one end of each moving part far away from the main shaft, the hydraulic cavity is connected with a hydraulic oil circuit, the hydraulic pressure of all the hydraulic cavities is the same, and a through hole matched with the moving parts is formed in the box body, the hydraulic oil ring is arranged on the outer side of the box body, an annular groove which contains all through holes is formed in the inner side of the hydraulic oil ring, and the hydraulic oil path is communicated with the annular groove.

2. The spindle shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a first seal structure is provided on the movable member.

3. The main shaft shock absorption mechanism according to claim 2, wherein a limit structure is arranged between the box body and the movable member, and the limit structure is located at one end of the first seal structure, which is far away from the hydraulic pressure chamber, and is used for limiting the movable stroke of the movable member.

4. The main shaft damping mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the limiting structure includes a limiting groove or a limiting protrusion disposed on the movable member and a limiting protrusion or a limiting groove correspondingly disposed on the housing, a length direction of the limiting groove is identical to a moving direction of the movable member, and the limiting protrusion can be fitted into the limiting groove.

5. The spindle shock absorbing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a second seal structure is provided between the hydraulic oil ring and the case.

6. A shock absorbing mechanism for a spindle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said rolling structure is a roller structure rotatably mounted on said movable member, said roller structure being rotatable with said spindle when said spindle is rotated.

7. A shock absorbing mechanism for a spindle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said movable members are circumferentially spaced and are movable in a radial direction of said spindle.