CN111112702B

CN111112702B - High-precision planer type milling machine

Info

Publication number: CN111112702B
Application number: CN201911250979.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金元华; 甘青
Original assignee: Zhonglian Xinda Tianjin Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhonglian Xinda Tianjin Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-09
Filing date: 2019-12-09
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-09
Also published as: CN111112702A

Abstract

The invention relates to a gantry milling machine, in particular to a high-precision gantry milling machine which comprises a machine body, a workbench, a stand column and a top beam, wherein the machine body is placed above the ground, the workbench is connected above the machine body in a sliding mode, the stand column comprises two stand columns which are respectively and vertically fixed on two side surfaces of the machine body, the top beam is fixed above the stand column in a lap joint mode, a transverse sliding rail is attached to and fixed on the vertical side edge of the top beam, a countersunk bolt hole is formed in the surface, parallel to the side edge of the top beam, of the transverse sliding rail, a countersunk bolt is arranged in the countersunk bolt hole and is in threaded connection with the top beam, a horizontal convex edge is arranged on the side edge of the top beam, and the transverse sliding rail is in lap joint mode above the convex edge. The invention reduces the offset between the transverse slide rail and the top beam, thereby improving the processing precision of the machine tool.

Description

High-precision planer type milling machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gantry milling machine, in particular to a high-precision gantry milling machine.

Background

The planer type milling machine is a milling machine with a portal frame and a horizontal long machine body, has higher processing precision and production efficiency, is suitable for processing planes and inclined planes of large-sized workpieces in mass production, and can also process space edges and some special parts by the numerical control planer type milling machine. Planer-type milling machine includes the lathe bed, the workstation, the stand, the back timber, the transverse drive subassembly, vertical drive subassembly, found cutter head and sliding sleeve, the lathe bed is placed subaerial, be provided with vertical slide rail on the lathe bed, workstation and lathe bed are along vertical slide rail sliding connection and through the drive of vertical drive subassembly, the vertical both sides of fixing at the lathe bed of stand, the top at the stand is fixed to the back timber, the fixed transverse slide rail that is provided with on the side of back timber, the sliding sleeve removes along the relative back timber of transverse slide rail under transverse drive subassembly's the drive effect, the fixed vertical slide rail that is provided with in the sliding sleeve, found the cutter head and remove along the relative sliding sleeve of vertical slide rail under vertical drive subassembly's drive effect, thereby utilize found the cutter head to process the work piece of workstation top fixed.

In the prior art, the machining precision requirement of the transverse sliding rail on the top beam is high, the transverse sliding rail needs to be machined independently and then is installed on the top beam, the side face of the transverse sliding rail is a working face, a plurality of countersunk bolt holes are formed in the top of the front face of the transverse sliding rail, and the transverse sliding rail is fixedly connected with the top beam through bolts.

The shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art lies in, the slip cap is all applyed on the horizontal slide rail with the whole gravity of founding the cutter head, and the horizontal slide rail only relies on bolt and back timber fixed connection, and the stability of connecting is not good, and when the horizontal slide rail received vibrations or the slip cap was on the horizontal slide rail during the skew of sliding gravity center, the relative position of horizontal slide rail and back timber can take place the trace skew, uses for a long time and can lead to producing between horizontal slide rail and the back timber not hard up even, therefore the machining precision of lathe is difficult to promote.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-precision planer type milling machine, which improves the fixing stability of a transverse slide rail and a top beam.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a high accuracy planer-type milling machine, which comprises a lathe bed, a workbench, stand and back timber, the lathe bed is placed subaerial, workstation sliding connection is in the top of lathe bed, the stand includes two and vertical both sides face of fixing at the lathe bed respectively, the top of back timber overlap joint at the stand, horizontal slide rail laminating is fixed on the vertical side of back timber, the countersunk bolt hole has been seted up on the face that horizontal slide rail is on a parallel with the back timber side, be provided with the countersunk bolt in the countersunk bolt hole, countersunk bolt and back timber threaded connection, be provided with the horizontally bead on the side of back timber, horizontal slide rail overlap joint is in the top of bead.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of installation transverse sliding rail, with transverse sliding rail overlap joint in the top of bead, reuse countersunk head bolt fixes transverse sliding rail on the back timber, like this when transverse sliding rail produces vibrations or sliding sleeve moves on transverse sliding rail and when leading to the continuous skew of transverse sliding rail stress point, the bead can play certain supporting role to transverse sliding rail to reduce the volume that transverse sliding rail and back timber produced the skew, thereby promote the machining precision of lathe.

The invention is further configured to: and a pre-tightening structure is arranged above the transverse sliding rail and comprises a compression bolt and a butting piece, the compression bolt is in threaded connection with the top beam, the butting piece is abutted against one side surface of the transverse sliding rail, which is far away from the convex edge, and the compression bolt compresses the butting piece to abut against the transverse sliding rail.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after screwing clamp bolt on the back timber, clamp bolt can compress tightly and support the piece and be close to the horizontal slide rail to crowd the horizontal slide rail and be close to the bead, realize pressing from both sides the purpose of pressing from both sides tight spacing horizontal slide rail, finally reduce the offset between horizontal slide rail and the back timber, thereby promote the machining precision of lathe.

The invention is further configured to: the fixed horizontally board of placing that is provided with in top of stand, the area of placing the board is greater than the sectional area of stand, and the back timber is fixed in the top of placing the board, and the glue injection groove has been seted up to the upper surface of placing the board, and the bottom intercommunication in glue injection groove is provided with the injecting glue hole, and the injecting glue hole runs through and places the board.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, place the back timber on placing the board, through injecting glue hole to injecting glue inslot injected rubber, rubber enters into after getting into the injecting glue inslot through pressure and places in the clearance between board and the back timber, utilize and place the rubber between board and the back timber, can reduce the rigidity of being connected between stand and the back timber, and can promote the frictional force between stand and the back timber, under the condition that the stand received the vibration, rubber can play certain buffering effect, also can reduce the possibility that stand and back timber take place relative displacement simultaneously, thereby reduce the precision influence of vibration to planer-type milling machine.

The invention is further configured to: the bottom of the glue injection groove is also provided with an exhaust hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, being provided with of exhaust hole does benefit to the in-process at the injecting glue, will inject the air escape of gluing the inslot, avoids forming large tracts of land bubble cavity at the in-process of injecting glue in the injecting glue inslot to reduce the influence of rubber countervibration performance.

The invention is further configured to: the upper surface of the lathe bed is fixedly provided with longitudinal slide rails, the longitudinal slide rails comprise at least two horizontal parallel devices, a longitudinal sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged below the workbench and is connected with the longitudinal slide rails in a sliding mode, two ends of the workbench are respectively provided with a telescopic protective cover, and two ends of the telescopic protective cover are respectively fixedly connected with the workbench and two ends of the lathe bed.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, along with the relative lathe bed of workstation removes along longitudinal sliding rail, the flexible protection casing at workstation both ends extends or contracts along with the removal of workstation, utilizes the guard action of flexible protection casing, and the piece that produces at the course of working can be hindered by flexible protection casing, and then reduces the possibility that the piece got into between workstation and the protection casing, promotes longitudinal sliding rail and longitudinal sliding sleeve's life.

The invention is further configured to: the telescopic protective cover comprises a plurality of sub protective covers which are mutually sleeved to form a telescopic structure.

By adopting the technical scheme, the telescopic protective cover realizes the telescopic function by utilizing the splicing action among the plurality of sub protective covers so as to play a role in protection.

The invention is further configured to: the sectional area of the adjacent sub-protective covers is gradually reduced.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can not produce between each sub-protection casing when guaranteeing the protection casing complete contraction and interfere and influence the effect of shrink.

The invention is further configured to: the inner side face of the end part of the sub-protective cover at the outer side, which is close to the inner side, is provided with a first baffle in a protruding mode, the outer side face of the end part of the sub-protective cover at the inner side, which is close to the outer side, is provided with a second baffle in a protruding mode, and the first baffle is abutted to the second baffle after the sub-protective covers are stretched to the maximum length.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the protection casing is in the extending condition, first baffle and second baffle can the butt, avoid droing between the sub-protection casing.

The invention is further configured to: the upper surface of the telescopic protective cover forms a reversed V shape with the middle protruding upwards.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the piece that drops in flexible protection casing top can be along the upper surface landing of flexible protection casing under the effect of gravity, avoids too much piece to gather on flexible protection casing.

In summary, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1. the convex edge is arranged on the top beam, and the transverse slide rail is lapped above the convex edge, so that the offset of the transverse slide rail relative to the top beam during vibration of the transverse slide rail and gravity center offset of the transverse slide rail can be reduced, and the machining precision of the machine tool is improved;

2. by arranging the compression bolt and the abutting piece, the compression bolt is used for pressing the abutting piece to abut against the transverse sliding rail, and then the convex edge is matched, so that the offset between the transverse sliding rail and the top beam can be greatly reduced, and the machining precision of the machine tool is improved;

3. the rubber can be filled between the upright post and the top beam by arranging the rubber injection groove and the rubber injection hole on the upper surface of the upright post, so that the effect of reducing the connection rigidity of the upright post and the top beam is achieved, and the influence of vibration on the precision of the planer type milling machine is reduced;

4. set up flexible protection casing through the both ends at the workstation, utilize flexible protection casing to hinder on the lathe bed at processing piece entering workstation both ends, realized protecting the lathe bed at workstation both ends.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the machine body and the worktable after they are engaged;

FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the retractable shield;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the glue injection groove above the placing plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the exhaust cover highlighted;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 taken at detail A;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the protruding cap alignment hole.

In the figure, 1, a lathe bed; 11. a longitudinal slide rail; 12. a yielding groove; 2. a work table; 21. a longitudinal sliding sleeve; 22. a telescopic protective cover; 221. a sub-shield; 222. a first baffle plate; 223. a second baffle; 23. mounting holes; 24. a cover plate; 3. a column; 31. placing the plate; 32. injecting glue groove; 33. injecting glue holes; 34. an exhaust hole; 35. an exhaust cover; 4. a top beam; 41. a transverse slide rail; 411. countersunk bolt holes; 412. a countersunk bolt; 413. an arc-shaped portion; 414. mounting grooves; 42. a rib; 43. pre-fastening the structure; 431. a hold-down bolt; 4311. a bolt head; 432. an abutting piece; 44. an end plate; 441. a second correction aperture; 45. mounting a plate; 451. a trapezoidal groove; 46. a side plate; 461. a correction hole; 47. a lower base plate; 7. a vertical drive assembly; 8. a sliding sleeve; 9. and (5) a vertical milling head.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the invention introduces a high-precision planomiller, which comprises a lathe bed 1, a workbench 2, stand columns 3, top beams 4, a sliding sleeve 8 and a vertical milling head 9, wherein the lathe bed 1 is placed above the ground, the workbench 2 is longitudinally and slidably connected above the lathe bed 1, the stand columns 3 comprise two stand columns and are respectively and vertically fixed on two side surfaces of the lathe bed 1, the top beams 4 are fixedly overlapped above the stand columns 3, the sliding sleeve 8 is transversely and slidably connected on the side surfaces of the top beams 4, and the vertical milling head 9 is vertically inserted into the sliding sleeve 8 and can be vertically and slidably connected along the sliding sleeve 8. Be provided with vertical drive assembly between lathe bed 1 and the workstation 2, be provided with horizontal drive assembly between back timber 4 and the sliding sleeve 8, be provided with vertical drive assembly 7 between sliding sleeve 8 and the vertical milling head 9, the work piece is fixed in 2 tops of workstation, vertical drive assembly can drive 2 relative lathe beds of workstation 1 along longitudinal movement of workstation, horizontal drive assembly can drive 8 relative back timber 4 of sliding sleeve along lateral movement, vertical drive assembly 7 can drive vertical milling head 9 relative sliding sleeve 8 and remove along vertical direction, thereby carry out omnidirectional processing to the upper surface of work piece.

As shown in fig. 2, the upper surface of the bed 1 is fixedly provided with longitudinal slide rails 11, each longitudinal slide rail 11 includes at least two and is horizontally arranged in parallel, a longitudinal slide sleeve 21 is fixedly arranged below the workbench 2, and the longitudinal slide sleeve 21 is slidably connected with the longitudinal slide rails 11. The lathe bed 1 is further provided with a yielding groove 12, the yielding groove 12 is located between the two longitudinal sliding rails 11, and the longitudinal driving assembly is fixedly arranged in the yielding groove 12. The avoiding groove 12 is formed to be beneficial to containing the longitudinal driving assembly, and the space utilization rate of the lathe bed 1 is improved.

As shown in FIG. 2, the longitudinal sliding bush 21 is usually fixedly connected with the workbench 2 by bolts, and the longitudinal sliding bush 21 is arranged below the workbench 2, so that the installation space is small and the installation is inconvenient. In order to promote the convenience of installation, can set up a plurality of mounting holes 23 on workstation 2, mounting hole 23 is the counter bore, and mounting hole 23 runs through workstation 2, just so can utilize mounting hole 23 from last parts such as down directly fixed longitudinal sliding sleeve 21, promotes the convenience of installation. In addition, the upper end of the mounting hole 23 can be further arranged to be a stepped hole, the stepped hole of the mounting hole 23 is covered with a cover plate 24, the cover plate 24 covers the stepped hole, chips generated by machining can be isolated, and the chips are prevented from entering the mounting hole 23 to block the mounting hole 23.

As shown in fig. 1, the two ends of the workbench 2 are respectively provided with a telescopic protection cover 22, the two ends of the telescopic protection cover 22 are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the workbench 2 and the two ends of the lathe bed 1, the structure of the telescopic protection cover 22 can be various, and only the telescopic function can be realized. Along with workstation 2 removes 1 relative lathe bed, workstation 2 can drive flexible protection casing 22 and extend or shrink to protect the lathe bed 1 at workstation 2 both ends, avoid the piece that produces to get into between workstation 2 and the lathe bed 1 in the course of working, thereby promote the life of longitudinal slide rail 11 and longitudinal sliding sleeve 21.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present invention, the retractable guard 22 includes a plurality of sub-guards 221, the sectional area of adjacent sub-guards 221 is gradually reduced, and the plurality of sub-guards 221 are sleeved to each other to form a retractable structure, as shown in fig. 4, a first barrier 222 is protruded on the inner side surface of the end portion of the sub-guard 221 located at the outer side and close to the inner side of the sub-guard 221, a second barrier 223 is protruded on the outer side surface of the end portion of the sub-guard 221 located at the inner side and close to the outer side of the sub-guard 221, and the first barrier 222 abuts against the second barrier 223 after the sub-guards 221 are stretched to the maximum length. The telescopic protection cover realizes the telescopic function by utilizing the splicing action among a plurality of sub protection covers so as to play a role of protection, and because the section area between the adjacent sub protection covers 221 is gradually reduced, the section area of each sub protection cover 221 is the same, the sub protection covers 221 cannot generate interference in the process of contraction; in the process of extending the retractable guard 22, the first shutter 222 and the second shutter 223 can abut against each other, and the sub-guards 221 are prevented from falling off from each other.

As shown in fig. 3, the upper surface of the retractable shield 22 forms a herringbone shape with the middle protruding upwards, so that the debris falling above the retractable shield 22 can slide down along the upper surface of the retractable shield 22 under the action of gravity, and the excessive debris is prevented from accumulating on the retractable shield 22.

As shown in fig. 5, a horizontal placing plate 31 is fixedly disposed above the upright 3, the area of the placing plate 31 is larger than the sectional area of the upright 3, and the top beam 4 is fixed above the placing plate 31. The upper surface of the placing plate 31 is provided with a glue injection groove 32, the bottom of the glue injection groove 32 is communicated with a glue injection hole 33, the glue injection hole 33 penetrates through the placing plate 31, and cast rubber is injected into the glue injection groove 32 through the glue injection hole 33, so that the rubber is filled into the glue injection groove 32, and the rubber can partially flow into a gap between the placing plate 31 and the top beam 4 under the pressure of glue injection. The rigidity of being connected between stand 3 and the back timber 4 can be reduced to the rubber between board 31 and the back timber 4 is placed in the utilization to can promote the frictional force between stand 3 and the back timber 4, receive under the condition of vibration at stand 3, rubber can play certain buffering effect, also can reduce the possibility that stand 3 and back timber 4 take place relative displacement simultaneously, thereby reduce the vibration and influence the precision of planer-type milling machine.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to ensure the smoothness of injecting glue into the glue injection groove 32, the glue injection groove 32 may be provided with a vent hole 34, the vent hole 34 may be a side surface that is opened on the upper surface of the mounting plate 31 and penetrates through the mounting plate 31, or the vent hole 34 may be opened on the bottom of the glue injection groove 32 and penetrates downward through the glue injection groove 32. In this embodiment, the latter is adopted as the arrangement mode of the exhaust hole 34, because the exhaust hole 34 is convenient to be blocked to keep the pressure of glue injection, and the exhaust cover 35 is connected to the exhaust hole 34 in a threaded manner for blocking. In the process of injecting glue, the lower exhaust cover 35 (see fig. 6) is firstly screwed, rubber is injected into the glue injection groove 32 from the glue injection hole 33, the upper exhaust cover 35 is immediately covered when the rubber flows out from the exhaust hole 34 along with the progress of injecting glue, and then the glue injection and pressure maintaining are continuously performed in the glue injection groove 32.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to ensure uniformity of glue injection, a plurality of glue injection holes 33 may be provided, the glue injection holes 33 are distributed on the glue injection groove 32 near the outer side, and the exhaust hole 34 is located at a position near the center of the glue injection groove 32. Through a plurality of glue injection holes 33 to injecting glue groove 32 in the injecting glue, rubber flows to middle exhaust hole 34, and the mobility of injecting glue is bigger, fills the rubber totally with rubber more easily and annotates glue groove 32 to the closely knit degree of rubber after the injecting glue is accomplished is even, can not influence the position precision of back timber 4.

In order to ensure that the supporting force of the rubber in the glue injection groove 32 on the top beam 4 is uniform after glue injection is completed, it is preferable to ensure that the glue injection groove 32 is symmetrical along the center line of the length direction of the top beam 4 when the top beam 4 and the upright post 3 are in the installation state. Therefore, the pressure of the top beam 4 on the rubber is uniform in the glue injection process, the rubber in the glue injection groove 32 is ensured to be uniform, and meanwhile, the supporting force of the rubber in the glue injection groove 32 on the top beam 4 is also ensured to be uniform.

As shown in fig. 7, a horizontal rib 42 is provided on a side edge of the top beam 4, a transverse slide rail 41 is lapped over the rib 42, a countersunk bolt hole 411 is provided on a surface of the transverse slide rail 41 parallel to the mounting plate 45, a countersunk bolt 412 is provided in the countersunk bolt hole 411, and the countersunk bolt 412 is in threaded connection with the top beam 4. In the process of installing the transverse slide rail 41, the transverse slide rail 41 is lapped over the convex rib 42, and then the transverse slide rail 41 is fixed on the top beam 4 by using the countersunk head bolt 412, so that when the transverse slide rail 41 vibrates or the stress point of the transverse slide rail 41 continuously deviates due to the movement of the sliding sleeve 8 on the transverse slide rail 41, the convex rib 42 can play a certain supporting role on the transverse slide rail 41, thereby reducing the deviation between the transverse slide rail 41 and the top beam 4, and further improving the machining precision of the machine tool.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 7, a pre-fastening structure 43 may be further disposed above the transverse slide rail 41, the pre-fastening structure 43 includes a pressing bolt 431 and a tightening member 432, the pressing bolt 431 is in threaded connection with the top beam 4, the tightening member 432 is abutted against a side surface of the transverse slide rail 41 away from the rib 42, and the pressing bolt 431 presses the tightening member 432 against the transverse slide rail 41. After the pressing bolt 431 is screwed on the top beam 4, the pressing bolt 431 can press the abutting part 432 to be close to the transverse slide rail 41, so that the transverse slide rail 41 is tightly extruded to be close to the convex rib 42, the purpose of clamping and limiting the transverse slide rail 41 is realized, the offset between the transverse slide rail 41 and the top beam 4 is finally reduced, and the machining precision of a machine tool is improved.

The abutting member 432 may be a wedge-shaped block, and in this case, a wedge-shaped groove adapted to the abutting member 432 needs to be formed in the top beam 4, and as the pressing bolt 431 presses the abutting member 432, the abutting member 432 moves toward the transverse slide rail 41 along a wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped groove. By adopting the form, the top beam is required to be provided with the wedge-shaped groove, the processing of the top beam 4 is complex, and when the hold-down bolt 431 is pressed down, the hold-down bolt 431 can press the abutting piece 432 to slide down along the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped groove, the resistance of the abutting piece 432 to slide down along the wedge-shaped surface is also large, the sliding of the abutting piece 432 along the wedge-shaped surface is not smooth, and the transverse sliding rail 41 is difficult to abut, so that the processing precision of the machine tool is influenced.

As shown in fig. 7, the abutting member 432 may be a roller, and the pressing bolt 431 has a bolt head 4311, and the bolt head 4311 presses the abutting member 432. After the pressing bolt 431 is screwed, the bolt head 4311 of the pressing bolt 431 presses the abutting member 432, and after the abutting member 432 is a roller, the friction force between the abutting member 432 and the top beam 4 is small, and the abutting member 432 can roll to the transverse sliding rail 41 very smoothly, so that the clamping of the transverse sliding rail 41 is ensured.

The more stable the fastening and fixing among the fastening member 432, the pressing bolt 431 and the cross slide rail 41, the smaller the offset of the cross slide rail 41 relative to the top beam 4, and the higher the machining accuracy of the machine tool. In the process of installing the transverse sliding rail 41, firstly, the countersunk head bolt 412 is inserted into the countersunk head bolt hole 411, the countersunk head bolt 412 and the top beam 4 are pre-fixed, and then the abutting member 432 and the protruding rib 42 clamp and limit the transverse sliding rail 41, and then the countersunk head bolt 412 is screwed down, so as to play a final fixing role, once the abutting member 432 and the protruding rib 42 clamp the transverse sliding rail 41, the transverse sliding rail 41 tilts relative to the top beam 4, that is, the transverse sliding rail 41 cannot completely fit the top beam 4, so that an error occurs in the fixing of the transverse sliding rail 41, and the adjustment is difficult, and the fixing of the transverse sliding rail 41 is not facilitated. As shown in fig. 7, in order to avoid the above situation, the contact portion between the lateral sliding rail 41 and the abutting member 432 may be an arc-shaped portion 413 adapted to the shape of the outer surface of the abutting member 432. After the abutting member 432 is contacted with the arc-shaped part 413, the contact stability of the abutting member 432 and the transverse sliding rail 41 can be improved, the transverse sliding rail 41 is prevented from tilting relative to the top beam 4 in the process of clamping the transverse sliding rail 41, and the fixing stability of the transverse sliding rail 41 is improved.

In order to stably press the tightening member 432 against the lateral slide rail 41 during tightening of the lifting pressure bolt 431, the lower surface of the bolt head 4311 may be provided as an inclined plane or a curved surface, and the thickness of the bolt head 4311 at the outer circumference is smaller than that at the inner circumference. In this way, in the process of screwing the pressing bolt 431 relative to the top beam 4, the abutting piece 432 can move towards the transverse slide rail 41 along the lower bottom surface of the bolt head 4311, so that the abutting force between the abutting piece 432 and the transverse slide rail 41 is improved, and the fixing stability of the transverse slide rail 41 is improved.

As shown in fig. 7, two side surfaces of the transverse slide rail 41, which are in contact with the protruding rib 42 and the abutting member 432, are respectively provided with a mounting groove 414, and the mounting groove 414 is formed in the middle of the side surface of the transverse slide rail 41 and along the length direction of the transverse slide rail 41. The mounting groove 414 is a trapezoidal groove, the notch of the mounting groove 414 is flared, two ends of the mounting groove 414 penetrate through the transverse sliding rail 41, and the edge of the end position of the mounting groove 414 is chamfered. Therefore, the sliding sleeve is easily installed on the transverse sliding rail 41 due to the chamfers at the two ends of the installation groove 414 and the outward-expanding trapezoidal shape of the installation groove 414, so that the installation difficulty is reduced, and the stability of sliding between the sliding sleeve and the transverse sliding rail 41 can be improved due to the installation of the installation groove 414.

The fixing form of the transverse slide rail 41 and the top beam 4 is also suitable for the fixing form of the longitudinal slide rail 11 and the machine body 1, and the function of improving the machining precision of the machine tool can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 8, the top beam 4 is a hollow box-shaped cube, the top beam 4 includes an end plate 44, a mounting plate 45, a side plate 46 and a lower bottom plate 47, the mounting plate 45 and the side plate 46 are vertical side surfaces of the top beam 4 and are oppositely disposed, the end plate 44 is located at an end portion of the top beam 4 and is vertically disposed, the lower bottom plate 47 is fixedly connected with a column of a planer type milling machine, a plurality of correction holes 461 are disposed on the side plate 46, the correction holes 461 are symmetrically disposed along a horizontal center line and a vertical center line of the side plate 46, a second correction hole 441 is disposed on the end plate 44, the second correction hole 441 is also symmetrically disposed along the horizontal center line and the vertical center line of the end plate 44, a transverse sliding rail 41 is fixedly disposed on an outer side surface of the mounting plate 45, and the transverse sliding rail 41 is horizontally disposed.

As shown in fig. 8, the outer surfaces of the mounting plate 45 and the lower base plate 47 both have machined surfaces, a part of residual stress exists on the milled surfaces of the mounting plate 45 and the lower base plate 47, the mounting plate 45 and the lower base plate 47 are warped outwards and deformed when temperature or humidity changes, and the warping amount of the mounting plate 45 and the lower base plate 47 affects and changes the position of the transverse slide rail 41 relative to the ground. Due to the arrangement of the correction holes 461 and the second correction holes 441, when the temperature and the humidity change, the side plate 46 contracts towards the correction holes 461, so that the deformation degree of the lower bottom plate 47 and the end plate 44 at the end connected with the side plate 46 is reduced, and the deformation amount of the mounting plate 45 is also reduced because the lower bottom plate 47, the upper plate and the end plate 44 are less influenced by the temperature and the humidity; meanwhile, the second correction holes 441 on the end plate 44 can correct the shrinkage of the end plate 44 caused by the temperature and humidity changes, so that the deformation quantity at the two ends of the mounting plate 45 is corrected and reduced, the position precision of the transverse slide rail 41 mounted on the mounting plate 45 is improved, and the effect of improving the machining precision of the machine tool is achieved.

In the present invention, the ratio of the areas of the correction holes 461 to the side plates 46 is 0.15 to 0.35 to ensure that the ratio of the areas of the correction holes 461 to the side plates 46 is maintained within a reasonable range because the shrinkage of the side plates 46 is insufficient due to the small area of the correction holes 461, and the deformation of the side plates 46 is caused by the small area of the correction holes 461.

Since the side plate 46 is generally a rectangular plate, the contraction amount in the longitudinal and width directions toward the correction hole is necessarily different in order to ensure a small deformation amount of the side plate 46 as a whole. As shown in fig. 8, in the present invention, the correction holes 461 include square holes and round holes, the square holes are arranged at equal intervals along the horizontal direction and are located at the middle position of the side plate 46, the round holes are arranged at the upper and lower sides of the square holes, and the round holes are arranged at equal intervals along the horizontal direction. The shrinkage of the side plates 46 around the round holes is approximately consistent, and the shrinkage of the side plates 46 in the square holes in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the square holes is larger, so that the shrinkage rates of the side plates 46 in the length direction and the width direction can be balanced to be consistent, and the deformation of the top beam 4 caused by the influence of temperature and humidity is reduced.

As shown in fig. 8, a trapezoidal groove 451 is formed in the middle of the outer side surface of the mounting plate 45, the trapezoidal groove 451 is horizontally disposed and located in the middle of the mounting plate 45, both ends of the trapezoidal groove 451 penetrate through the mounting plate 45, the number of the transverse slide rails 41 is at least two, and the transverse slide rails 41 are respectively located above and below the trapezoidal groove 451. In this way, a transverse driving assembly for driving the sliding sleeve to move along the transverse sliding rail 41 can be installed in the trapezoidal groove 451, and the reasonability and compactness of the structure of the top beam 4 are improved.

The transverse driving assembly, the longitudinal driving assembly and the vertical driving assembly 7 are generally screw rod and slider structures, and other mechanisms capable of realizing linear reciprocating displacement can be adopted, and are not described in detail in the embodiment.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision planomiller comprises a lathe bed (1), a workbench (2), stand columns (3) and a top beam (4), wherein the lathe bed (1) is placed above the ground, the workbench (2) is connected above the lathe bed (1) in a sliding manner, the stand columns (3) comprise two columns which are vertically fixed on two side surfaces of the lathe bed (1) respectively, the top beam (4) is fixed above the stand columns (3) in a lap joint manner, transverse sliding rails (41) are attached and fixed on vertical side edges of the top beam (4), countersunk bolt holes (411) are formed in the surfaces, parallel to the side edges of the top beam (4), of the transverse sliding rails (41), countersunk bolts (412) are arranged in the countersunk bolt holes (411), and the countersunk bolts (412) are in threaded connection with the top beam (4), the device is characterized in that a horizontal rib (42) is arranged on the side edge of the top beam (4), and a transverse sliding rail (41) is lapped above the rib (42); a pre-tightening structure (43) is arranged above the transverse sliding rail (41), the pre-tightening structure (43) comprises a pressing bolt (431) and a propping piece (432), the pressing bolt (431) is in threaded connection with the top beam (4), the propping piece (432) is propped against one side surface of the transverse sliding rail (41) far away from the convex rib (42), and the pressing bolt (431) presses the propping piece (432) to be propped against the transverse sliding rail (41); the part of the transverse sliding rail (41) contacted with the abutting piece (432) is an arc part (413) matched with the shape of the outer surface of the abutting piece (432); the lower surface of a bolt head (4311) of the compression bolt (431) is arranged to be an inclined plane or a cambered surface, and the thickness of the outer periphery of the bolt head (4311) is smaller than that of the inner periphery; the horizontal placing plate (31) is fixedly arranged above the upright column (3), the area of the placing plate (31) is larger than the sectional area of the upright column (3), the top beam (4) is fixed above the placing plate (31), the upper surface of the placing plate (31) is provided with a glue injection groove (32), the bottom of the glue injection groove (32) is communicated with a glue injection hole (33), the glue injection hole (33) penetrates through the placing plate (31), and the bottom of the glue injection groove (32) is further provided with an exhaust hole (34).

2. A high-precision gantry milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a longitudinal slide rail (11) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the machine body (1), the longitudinal slide rail (11) comprises at least two horizontal parallel rails, a longitudinal slide sleeve (21) is fixedly arranged below the workbench (2), the longitudinal slide sleeve (21) is slidably connected with the longitudinal slide rail (11), two ends of the workbench (2) are respectively provided with a telescopic protection cover (22), and two ends of the telescopic protection cover (22) are respectively fixedly connected with the workbench (2) and two ends of the machine body (1).

3. A high precision gantry milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the retractable shield (22) comprises a plurality of sub-shields (221), and the sub-shields (221) are sleeved with each other to form a retractable structure.

4. A high precision gantry milling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of adjacent sub shields (221) is gradually reduced.

5. A high-precision gantry milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that a first baffle (222) is arranged on the inner side surface of the end part of the outer sub-shield (221) close to the inner sub-shield (221) in a protruding manner, a second baffle (223) is arranged on the outer side surface of the end part of the inner sub-shield (221) close to the outer sub-shield (221) in a protruding manner, and the first baffle (222) abuts against the second baffle (223) after the sub-shields (221) are stretched to the maximum length.

6. A high precision gantry milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper surface of the telescopic shield (22) forms a herringbone shape with the middle protruding upwards.