CN111106696A

CN111106696A - Longitudinal mixed reluctance motor

Info

Publication number: CN111106696A
Application number: CN201911242350.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严亮; 田得可; 董子薇; 靳子建
Original assignee: Guangdong Wharton Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Wharton Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-05-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal mixed reluctance motor, which comprises a motor shell, a stator and a rotor; the stator comprises winding coils and a stator iron core, the number of the winding coils is integral multiple of 3, and the winding coils are uniformly distributed in a ring shape; the stator core is arranged in the middle of each group of winding coils, and two ends of the stator core extend to the middle of the motor; the rotor comprises a rotor protection shell, a permanent magnet and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor protection shell is formed by plastic injection molding; the permanent magnet is nested on the rotor protection shell, and the permanent magnet is axially magnetized; the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotor protection shell and drives the rotor to rotate. Compared with a switched reluctance motor, the longitudinal mixed reluctance motor adopts the plastic rotor protection shell, so that the rotational inertia of a rotor and the overall mass of the motor are reduced, and the rapidity of a servo system is improved; under the condition of the same weight, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor has the advantages of large torque and power density, copper can be saved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Longitudinal mixed reluctance motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor.

Background

The switched reluctance motor is a reluctance motor with a stator excited in a single side and a stator and a rotor both sides in a salient pole structure. Since the stator current is supplied by a variable frequency power supply, the motor must operate in a particular switching mode, and is therefore commonly referred to as a "switched reluctance motor". The iron core of the switched reluctance motor is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, and the stator and the rotor are all made into a salient pole type. A switched reluctance motor with a stator of 6 salient poles and a rotor of 4 salient poles, commonly known as model 6/4. Salient poles of the stator are uniformly distributed on the circumference of 360 degrees, each salient pole is provided with a concentrated winding, and the windings on two opposite poles (separated by 180 degrees) are connected in series in the forward direction to form a group, which is called a phase. Thus, the device has 6 salient poles, and three-phase coils spaced 60 degrees apart at a time form a three-phase winding.

The switched reluctance motor has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in manufacturing, but the stator and the rotor of the switched reluctance motor are formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the rotational inertia of the rotor is large, and the reaction time of starting, accelerating, braking and reversing of the motor is long, so that the reaction time of a servo system is prolonged, and the switched reluctance motor is not suitable for a system with high requirement on rapidity.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the longitudinal mixed reluctance motor, the permanent magnet is nested in the plastic protective shell, the rotor inertia moment and the whole weight of the motor are reduced, the power density of the motor is improved, and the longitudinal mixed reluctance motor has the advantages of light weight, small volume, quick response and high power density.

A longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention includes: a motor case for mounting and protecting the motor accessories; a stator disposed within the motor casing; a rotor disposed within the motor casing, the rotor being located within the stator; the stator includes: the number of the winding coils is an integral multiple of 3, and the winding coils are uniformly distributed in a ring shape; the stator core is arranged in the middle of each group of winding coils, and two ends of the stator core extend to the middle of the motor; the rotor includes: the rotor protection shell is formed by plastic injection molding; the permanent magnet is nested on the rotor protection shell, and the permanent magnet is axially magnetized; the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotor protection shell and drives the rotor to rotate.

The longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: compared with a switched reluctance motor, the longitudinal mixed reluctance motor adopts the plastic rotor protection shell, so that the rotational inertia of a rotor and the overall mass of the motor are reduced, and the rapidity of a servo system is improved; under the condition of the same weight, compared with a switched reluctance motor, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor has the advantages of large torque and power density, copper can be saved, and the production cost is reduced.

The longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine according to the first aspect of the present invention further includes a hall sensor for detecting an initial position of the rotor.

According to the longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine of the first aspect of the present invention, the ratio of the number of permanent magnets to the number of winding coils is 3: 2.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor of fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a control circuit diagram of the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor of fig. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of 6 operating states of the longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, several means are one or more, and more means are two or more. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.

A longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in specific embodiments with reference to fig. 1 to 4. It is to be understood that the following description is only exemplary, and not a specific limitation of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor case 100, a stator and a rotor disposed inside the motor case 100, and the motor case 100 for mounting and protecting the stator and the rotor.

Referring to fig. 2, the stator is composed of a winding coil 111 and a stator core 112. The winding coil 111 is provided in plurality and uniformly arranged in a ring shape in the motor casing 100. The longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor of the present embodiment is applied to a three-phase ac motor, and therefore, the number of winding coils 111 is an integral multiple of 3, for example, 6/9/12 winding coils are provided, and as shown in fig. 2, 6 winding coils 111 are provided in the motor casing 100 of the present embodiment, and the phases of the winding coils 111 spaced 180 degrees apart are the same. A stator core 112 is disposed in the middle of each set of winding coils 111, and the winding coils 111 are wound around the stator core 112. Stator core 112 sets up along the motor axial, and stator core 112 both ends extend to the motor middle part, reach the upper and lower both ends of rotor.

The rotor includes a rotor protective case 121, a permanent magnet 122, and a rotation shaft 123. Rotor protective housing 121 is injection molded for plastics and forms, has reduced the moment of inertia of rotor and the whole quality of motor. The rotating shaft 123 is disposed on the rotor protection case 121 to drive the rotor to rotate. The permanent magnet 122 is nested on the rotor protection shell 121, and the permanent magnet 122 is axially magnetized. The ratio of the number of permanent magnets 122 to the number of winding coils 111 is 3: 2. As shown in fig. 2, the motor casing 100 of the present embodiment is provided with 6

winding coils

111 and 4 permanent magnets 122, and the polarities of the permanent magnets 122 every 180 degrees are the same. Furthermore, in other embodiments, 9 winding coils and 6 permanent magnets, or 12 winding coils and 8 permanent magnets may also be provided.

The longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor is also internally provided with a Hall sensor for detecting the initial position of the rotor.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present invention takes an 6/4 pole hybrid reluctance motor as an example to illustrate the operation process of a longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor. As shown in fig. 3, the driving method of the vertical hybrid reluctance motor is 6 MOSFET tubes, the hall position sensor inside the motor measures the position of the rotor, the position signal is output to the controller, the controller generates 6 paths of PWM waveforms according to the pre-designed energization logic to control the on/off of the MOSFET tubes, and the voltage is applied to the armature winding according to the energization logic to further control the rotation direction and speed of the motor.

The energization logic of the vertical brushless dc motor will be described with reference to an 6/4-pole motor as an example. Similar to the switched reluctance motor, the "aligned position" is the position coincidence of the stator core and the permanent magnet, and the reluctance is the minimum at this time, and if the phase a is at the "aligned position" in fig. 4- (1), the phase B is at the "non-aligned position".

(1) The initial position is shown in fig. 4- (1), the position is detected by a hall sensor, at this time, a controller controls a T3T6 in a driving circuit to be opened, the rest is closed, the phase B current is positive, the phase C current is negative, the right hand can know that the direction of the B-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and outwards, the B-phase induction magnetic field is attracted by the opposite poles of the same pole, the B-phase induction magnetic field is repelled by the N pole of the permanent magnet, and the counterclockwise torque is generated; the right-hand rule shows that the direction of the C-phase induction magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface and inwards, the C-phase induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet are attracted by repelling and attracting each other according to the same polarity, the C-phase induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet are attracted by N, and anticlockwise torque is also generated, and the generated torque enables the rotor to rotate anticlockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in the (2) of the figure 4.

(2) At this time, the position of the rotor is obtained by the hall sensor, the controller controls T3T2 to be turned on, and the rest is turned off, so that the B-phase current is positive and the a-phase current is negative. The direction of the B-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and outwards determined by the right hand rule, the B-phase and the permanent magnet S-pole are attracted to generate anticlockwise torque according to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract; the direction of the A-phase induction magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface and inwards, the A-phase induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet S-phase induction magnetic field repel each other according to the same polarity and opposite attraction, and the torque generated by the counterclockwise torque is also generated to enable the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in the (3) of the figure 4.

(3) At this time, the position of the rotor is obtained by the hall sensor, the controller controls T5T2 to be turned on, and the rest is turned off, so that the phase C current is positive and the phase a current is negative. The direction of the C-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and outwards determined by the right hand rule, and the C-phase and the N-pole of the permanent magnet repel each other to generate anticlockwise torque according to the repulsion and opposite attraction of the same poles; the direction of the A-phase induction magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface and inwards, the A-phase induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet N-pole are attracted according to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract, and the torque generated by the counterclockwise torque is generated to enable the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in the figure 4- (4).

(4) At this time, the position of the rotor is obtained by the hall sensor, the controller controls T5T4 to be turned on, and the rest is turned off, so that the phase C current is positive and the phase B current is negative. The direction of the C-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and outwards determined by the right hand rule, the C-phase and the permanent magnet S-pole are attracted to generate anticlockwise torque according to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract; the direction of the B-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and inwards, the B-phase induction magnetic field and the permanent magnet S-pole are repelled according to the same polarity and attract each other, and the torque generated by the counterclockwise torque is also generated to enable the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in the figure 4- (5).

(5) At this time, the position of the rotor is obtained by the hall sensor, the controller controls T1T4 to be turned on, and the rest is turned off, so that the a-phase current is positive and the B-phase current is negative. The right-hand rule shows that the direction of the A-phase induction magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface and outwards, and the A-phase and the N-pole of the permanent magnet repel each other to generate anticlockwise torque according to the repulsion and opposite attraction of the same poles; the direction of the B-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and inwards, the B-phase induction magnetic field and the N-pole induction magnetic field attract each other according to the repulsion and opposite attraction of the same poles, and the torque generated by the counterclockwise torque is also generated to enable the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in the figure 4- (6).

(6) At this time, the position of the rotor is obtained by the Hall sensor, the controller controls the T1T6 to be opened, and the rest is closed, so that the A phase current is positive, and the C phase current is negative. The direction of the A-phase induction magnetic field is vertical to the paper surface and outwards determined by the right hand rule, the A-phase and the permanent magnet S-pole are attracted to generate anticlockwise torque according to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract; the direction of the C-phase induction magnetic field is perpendicular to the paper surface and inwards, the A-phase and the permanent magnet S-pole repel each other according to the principle that like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract each other, and the torque generated by the counterclockwise torque is also generated to enable the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, so that the position of the rotor reaches the position shown in (1) of the figure 4.

It follows that the motor can continue to rotate downwards as long as the energization logic is correct. The logic for motor reversal can be derived similarly, summarized as follows:

TABLE 1

Note: (0+ -) indicates that phase A current is 0, phase B current is positive, and phase C current is negative. T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 are 0 indicating that the MOSFET is off and 1 indicating that the MOSFET is on.

Structurally, compared with a switched reluctance motor, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor disclosed by the invention adopts the rotor protection shell 121 made of plastic, and the permanent magnet 122 is embedded in the plastic protection shell 121, so that the rotational inertia of a rotor and the overall quality of the motor are reduced, and the rapidity of a servo system is improved; the permanent magnet adopts axial magnetization, so that the motor can be slender; under the condition of the same weight, compared with a switched reluctance motor, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor has the advantages of large torque and power density, copper can be saved, and the production cost is reduced. Therefore, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor has the advantages of light weight, small volume, quick response and high power density.

In the control method, the characteristics of like poles of permanent magnets repelling each other and opposite poles of permanent magnets attracting each other and the minimum magnetic resistance principle are utilized to generate electromagnetic torque to enable the motor to continuously rotate in a fixed direction, so that the control logic of the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor is simple, and compared with a complex control algorithm, the longitudinal hybrid reluctance motor disclosed by the invention is low in software and hardware cost and easy to realize.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine comprising:

a motor case for mounting and protecting the motor accessories;

a stator disposed within the motor casing;

a rotor disposed within the motor casing, the rotor being located within the stator;

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the stator includes:

the number of the winding coils is an integral multiple of 3, and the winding coils are uniformly distributed in a ring shape;

the stator core is arranged in the middle of each group of winding coils, and two ends of the stator core extend to the middle of the motor;

the rotor includes:

the rotor protection shell is formed by plastic injection molding;

the permanent magnet is nested on the rotor protection shell, and the permanent magnet is axially magnetized;

the rotating shaft is arranged on the rotor protection shell and drives the rotor to rotate.

2. The longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine of claim 1, further comprising a hall sensor for detecting an initial position of the rotor.

3. The longitudinal hybrid reluctance machine of claim 1, wherein a ratio of the number of permanent magnets to the number of winding coils is 3: 2.