CN111101918A - Barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof - Google Patents
Barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111101918A CN111101918A CN202010106429.4A CN202010106429A CN111101918A CN 111101918 A CN111101918 A CN 111101918A CN 202010106429 A CN202010106429 A CN 202010106429A CN 111101918 A CN111101918 A CN 111101918A
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/08—Screens or liners
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof, wherein the barrier fracturing string (2) comprises a hollow string body (21) and a barrier (22) arranged inside the string, and the barrier is a streamline spoke device (221) and/or a screen device (222); when the barrier is a streamlined spoke arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a spoke type barrier fracturing string (23), and when the barrier is a screen arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a screen type barrier fracturing string (24). The invention is mainly applied to SC-CO2In the fracturing process, the problem of blockage caused by accumulation of the bottom of the well due to slippage and sedimentation of the propping agent in the process is solved; the device of the invention has simple structure and adoptsThe fracturing pipe column short section is easy to process and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a barrier fracturing string for preventing a propping agent from slipping and settling and application thereof, and in particular relates to a barrier fracturing string for preventing the propping agent from slipping and settling in a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing process and application thereof.
Background
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO)2) As a novel anhydrous fracturing technology, the fracturing provides a new idea for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas. SC-CO2The fracturing fluid has the unique properties of high density, low viscosity, high diffusivity and the like, and can easily generate a plurality of complex micro cracks on rocks during fracturing, thereby being expected to become an important technical means for increasing the yield of unconventional oil and gas. However, due to SC-CO2The fluid has low viscosity (about 1/10 of water viscosity), and during the fracturing process, the propping agent slides out of the wellbore and rapidly settles and accumulates to the bottom of the well, so that the bottom of the well and the perforation holes are blocked, and the sand adding operation cannot be completed. Thus, SC-CO2Carrying of proppant in the fracturing process is an urgent problem to be solved. Many experts and scholars have made relevant researches to this, and the main solution idea at present is from the chemical point of view, in SC-CO2The viscosity of the fracturing fluid is increased by adding a tackifier to better carry the proppant, but the tackifier can damage SC-CO2And may cause potential environmental pollution. Therefore, this type of method is not ideal.
The invention provides a physical method for slowing down the proppant in SC-CO from the physical idea2Medium settling velocity to solve the current SC-CO2Fracturing sand-carrying problems.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a barrier fracturing string that prevents proppant slip settlement.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a frac tube apparatus that prevents proppant from slipping out of the setting.
In order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling, wherein the barrier fracturing string 2 comprises a hollow string body 21, a barrier 22 arranged inside the string, the barrier being a streamlined spoke device 221 and/or a screen device 222; when the barrier is a streamlined spoke arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a spoke type barrier fracturing string 23, and when the barrier is a screen arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a screen type barrier fracturing string 24.
According to some embodiments of the invention, there are 1 barrier 22 inside each pipe string 2.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the column body 21 is 0.5-1.5 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the tubular column body 21 is 1 m.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of the streamlined spoke assembly 221 is 1/4-1/3 of the total cross-sectional area of the column body 21.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the streamlined spoke device 221 includes 8 blades 2211 uniformly distributed in a radial shape with the axis of the column body 21 as the center, the roots of the blades are respectively connected to the inner wall of the column body, and the tops of the blades are connected to each other at the center of the column body.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the streamlined spoke device 221 is a hollow ring 2212 at the axial position of the column body 21, and the tops of the blades 2211 are respectively connected to the outer edges of the hollow ring.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the hollow ring 2212 is 1/8-1/7 of the inner diameter of the column body 21.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vanes are streamlined, the cross section is elliptical (as shown in fig. 3), the width (w, i.e. the minor axis of the ellipse) and the height (h, i.e. the major axis of the ellipse) of the vanes are increased gradually and uniformly from the hollow ring 2212 to the inner wall of the column, wherein the height (h1) of the vanes at the hollow ring is equivalent to the outer diameter of the hollow ring, the height (h2) of the vanes at the inner wall of the column is 3/16 times the inner diameter of the column body 21, and the width (w) of the vanes is 2/3 of the height (h) during the uniform increase of the width and height of the vanes.
The width (w, i.e. the minor axis of the ellipse) of the blade is the axial direction of the tubular column body, and the height (h, i.e. the major axis of the ellipse) of the blade is the circumferential direction of the cross section of the tubular column body.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the screen device 222 is a screen disposed along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the column body 21, and the edge of the screen is connected to the inner wall of the column body; the aperture of the screen is 4-5 times of the particle size of the used propping agent.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the connection device 211 for connecting with the fracturing string is provided at both ends of the string body 21, and preferably, the string body is provided with an internal thread 2111 at one end and an external thread 2112 at the other end.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the barrier fracturing string is used in a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing process.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a fracturing pipe device for preventing proppant from slipping and settling, wherein the fracturing device is formed by mutually connecting a plurality of conventional fracturing pipe columns 1 and at least one barrier fracturing pipe column 2 in any one of the previous aspects of the invention end to end.
According to some embodiments of the invention, barrier fracturing string 2 comprises a plurality of spoke-type barrier fracturing strings and a plurality of screen-type barrier fracturing strings, wherein spoke-type barrier fracturing strings are arranged in a range from the wellhead down to the length 2/3 of the fracturing pipe device under the well, and screen-type barrier fracturing strings are arranged in a range from the bottom of the well up to the length 1/4 of the fracturing pipe device under the well.
It is to be understood that the term "from wellhead down to 2/3, the length of the fracturing string assembly downhole" as used herein means from wellhead down to 2/3, the total length of all fracturing strings downhole (including common and barrier fracturing strings). In this section, the barrier fracturing string is fully a spoke type barrier fracturing string.
The term "in the range from bottom hole up to 1/4, the length of the fracturing string device, is used herein to mean from bottom hole up to 1/4, the total length of all fracturing strings (including common and barrier fracturing strings) down the hole. In this section, the barrier fracturing string is fully screen type.
According to some specific embodiments of the invention, the spoke type barrier fracturing string is one spoke type barrier fracturing string or is arranged continuously for every 1-5 conventional fracturing strings.
According to some embodiments of the invention, 2-5 spoke-type barrier fracturing strings are provided per one hundred meters of fracturing pipe apparatus.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mesh type barrier fracturing string is one mesh type barrier fracturing string per 1-5 conventional fracturing strings or is continuously arranged.
According to some embodiments of the invention, 2-5 barrier fracturing strings of the screen type are provided per one hundred meters of fracturing string apparatus.
In summary, the invention provides a barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof. The barrier fracturing string has the following advantages:
(1) the invention is mainly applied to SC-CO2In the fracturing process, the problem of blockage caused by accumulation of the bottom of the well due to slippage and sedimentation of the propping agent in the process is solved;
(2) the device has simple structure, adopts the form of fracturing pipe column short sections, is easy to process and has low cost.
(3) The device is simple to operate, is connected to the fracturing string in a short section mode in the process of lowering the fracturing string, and is high in operation safety and reliability.
(4) The device can be used in the fracturing processCan be repeatedly used and can effectively solve SC-CO2The problems of slippage, sedimentation and the like of the carried propping agent occur in the fracturing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection block diagram;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a spoke-type barrier fracturing string;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the streamlined spoke arrangement configuration;
figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a screen type barrier fracturing string.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is provided for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments and the advantageous effects thereof, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a barrier fracturing string that prevents proppant from slipping out of the setting.
In SC-CO2During the fracturing process of the fluid carrying proppant, the fluid passes through the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 and the screen type barrier fracturing string 24 which are connected in the fracturing string. SC-CO2Fluid enters the fracturing string from a wellhead and firstly flows through the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 in the flowing process towards the bottom of the well, and in the process, proppant collides with the streamline spoke blades 2211 in the invention probabilistically to achieve the effect of blocking free falling of the proppant.
The streamline spoke blades 2211 are designed in a gradual changing streamline mode, the blades are gradually increased from the position of a central ring 2212 to be connected with the inner wall of a pipe column, the streamline spoke blades 2211 and the central ring 2212 form a streamline spoke device 221, the height of the blades 2211 at the position of the ring 2212 is equivalent to the diameter of a ring body, the height of the blades at the position of the inner wall of the pipe column is gradually increased to 3d/16 times of the height of the ring (d is the diameter of the pipe column), and the width of the blades is 2/3 of the height in the uniform increasing process.
The blade 2211 is connected to the small central ring 2212 at the center of the circle, and the connection condition of other blades cannot be influenced if one blade is broken, and the manufacturing process is easy to realize.
The inner diameter of the central ring 2212 of the streamline spoke device 221 is set to be 1/8-1/7 of the inner diameter of the pipe column, so that fluid can smoothly pass through the device.
The streamlined spoke device 221 in the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 of the present invention adopts a phase difference of 15 ° in the manufacturing process, so that every three sections of the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 of the present invention can be decelerated to all positions except the central ring 2212 in the string, and since the propping agent collides with the blade 2211 of the present invention, a rebound phenomenon occurs, and the rebound process collides with the rest propping agent probabilistically, thereby achieving the purpose of decelerating all propping agents.
When the fracturing fluid passes through the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 close to the wellhead, the carried proppant has an initial deceleration effect under the action of the blades 2211, in order to enhance the deceleration effect and further improve the phenomenon of free slip and free settlement of the proppant, the screen type barrier fracturing string 24 is adopted at the part of the fracturing pipe close to the wellhead. When SC-CO2When fluid carries proppant through the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23, the proppant collides with the screen device 222 of the invention in the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 of the invention probabilistically, so as to further achieve the purpose of deceleration.
The screen device 222 provided by the invention adopts a screen with 4-5 times of the particle size of the proppant, so that the bridging phenomenon of the proppant can be prevented.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a general schematic view of the connection between the present apparatus and a fracturing string, a string body 21 of the present apparatus is connected to the fracturing string in a threaded manner. The upper fracturing string near the wellhead is connected with a conventional fracturing string 1 and a spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 from top to bottom, and the conventional fracturing string and the spoke type barrier fracturing string can be connected with one section of the fracturing string device every other section or a plurality of sections of fracturing strings; the connection sequence of the parts close to the fracturing unit 3 is: the screen type hinders fracturing string 24, conventional fracturing string 1, for strengthening the speed reduction effect, can connect a plurality of screen type and hinder fracturing string 24 on fracturing string upper portion.
As shown in fig. 2, the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23 (fig. 2 left) mainly includes a female buckle internal thread 2111 which is consistent with the buckle type and size of the conventional fracturing string 1, a string body 21 which is consistent with the conventional fracturing string material and strength, a male buckle external thread 2112 which is consistent with the conventional fracturing string buckle type and size, and a core invention part of the device, namely a streamline spoke device 221, wherein the streamline spoke sectional area is 1/3 about the fracturing string sectional area. The right side of fig. 2 is a section a-a of the spoke type barrier fracturing string 23, which mainly represents the arrangement of the blades 2211.
As shown in fig. 3, this figure is a close-up view of the streamlined spoke arrangement 221, wherein the B-B section is a sectional view of the blade 2211, which mainly embodies its streamlined design.
As shown in fig. 4, the screen type barrier fracturing string 24 (fig. 4 left) mainly comprises a female thread 2111 with the same type and size as those of the conventional fracturing string 1, a string body 21 with the same material and strength as those of the conventional fracturing string, a male thread 2112 with the same type and size as those of the conventional fracturing string, and a screen device 222 which is the core invention part of the device. In order to prevent bridging caused by water, a screen with the aperture 4-5 times of the particle size of the proppant is adopted. The right side of the figure 4 is the C-C section condition of the screen-shaped structure nipple, which mainly reflects the size condition of the screen pores.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows: proppant with SC-CO2The fluid enters a conventional fracturing string and is transported from the wellhead to the bottom of the well. In the upper conventional fracturing string close to the wellhead, the proppant can encounter the spoke type barrier fracturing string shown in fig. 2 every time the proppant sinks for one or more sections, the proppant collides with the streamline spokes in the spoke type barrier fracturing string, rebounds after collision, and collides with the falling proppant in the rebounding process to disturb each other so as to decelerate the proppant. In the position close to the fracturing device, in order to enhance the deceleration effect, a screen type barrier fracturing string as shown in figure 4 is connected into a conventional fracturing string, and more than 50% of the proppant collides with the screen when passing through the screenAfter rebounding, the propping agent falling from the upper part is influenced, thereby achieving the effect of speed reduction. During the flowing process from the well head to the well bottom, the spokes adopt a streamline design, and SC-CO decelerates the propping agent at the same time2Fluid can flow around and pass through for SC-CO2The flow of the fluid cannot be greatly influenced; screen wire of very small diameter, for SC-CO2The flow of the fluid is not excessively affected. Therefore, the short section of the device can reduce the sinking speed of the propping agent and simultaneously carry out SC-CO separation2The effect of the fluid flow is negligible.
Claims (10)
1. A barrier fracturing string to prevent proppant slippage and settling, wherein the barrier fracturing string (2) comprises a hollow string body (21), a barrier (22) disposed inside the string (preferably 1 barrier (22) per string interior), the barrier being a streamlined spoke arrangement (221) and/or a screen arrangement (222); when the barrier is a streamlined spoke arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a spoke type barrier fracturing string (23), and when the barrier is a screen arrangement, the barrier fracturing string is a screen type barrier fracturing string (24).
2. The barrier fracturing string of claim 1, wherein the string body (21) has a length of 0.5-1.5m (preferably 1 m).
3. The barrier fracturing string of claim 1 or 2, wherein the streamlined spoke arrangement (221) has a cross-sectional area which is 1/4-1/3 of the total cross-sectional area of the string body (21).
4. The barrier fracturing string of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the streamlined spoke arrangement (221) comprises 8 blades (2211) uniformly distributed in a radial manner around the axis of the string body (21), the roots of the blades are respectively connected to the inner wall of the string body, and the tops of the blades are connected with each other at the center of the string body.
5. The barrier fracturing string of claim 4, wherein the streamlined spoke arrangement (221) is a hollow ring (2212) (preferably 1/8-1/7 with the inner diameter of the hollow ring (2212) being the inner diameter of the string body (21)) at the axial center of the string body (21), and the tops of the blades (2212) are respectively connected to the outer edge of the hollow ring.
6. The barrier fracturing string of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the screen means (222) is a screen disposed along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the string body (21), the edge of the screen being connected to the inner wall of the string body; the aperture of the screen is 4-5 times of the particle size of the used propping agent.
7. The barrier fracturing string according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein connecting means (211) for connecting with the fracturing string are provided at each end of the string body (21) (preferably, an internal thread (2111) is provided at one end of the string body and an external thread (2112) is provided at the other end of the string body).
8. The barrier fracturing string of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the barrier fracturing string is used in a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing process.
9. A frac pipe apparatus to prevent proppant slippage and settling, wherein the frac apparatus is formed by interconnecting a plurality of conventional frac strings (1) and at least one barrier frac string (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The frac pipe apparatus of claim 9, wherein the barrier frac string (2) comprises a plurality of spoke type barrier frac strings and a plurality of screen type barrier frac strings, the spoke type barrier frac strings being disposed in a range from wellhead down to a length 2/3 of the frac pipe apparatus downhole (the spoke type barrier frac strings being one spoke type barrier frac string per 1-5 regular frac string intervals or being disposed in series (preferably 2-5 spoke type barrier frac strings per one hectometer frac pipe apparatus)); the screen type barrier fracturing string is disposed in the range from the bottom of the well up to 1/4 the length of the fracturing pipe device downhole (the screen type barrier fracturing string is disposed one screen type barrier fracturing string per 1-5 regular fracturing strings or disposed in series (preferably 2-5 screen type barrier fracturing strings per one hectometer of fracturing pipe device)).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010106429.4A CN111101918B (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-02-21 | Barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010106429.4A CN111101918B (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-02-21 | Barrier fracturing string for preventing proppant from slipping and settling and application thereof |
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| CN111101918A true CN111101918A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111101918B CN111101918B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO963076D0 (en) * | 1995-07-24 | 1996-07-23 | Mobil Oil Corp | Method and apparatus for fracturing and propping a formation using a sludge splitter downhole |
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2020
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| 王海柱 等: ""超临界CO2压裂技术现状与展望"", 《石油学报》 * |
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| CN111101918B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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