CN111096829A - Shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage - Google Patents
Shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111096829A CN111096829A CN202010022200.2A CN202010022200A CN111096829A CN 111096829 A CN111096829 A CN 111096829A CN 202010022200 A CN202010022200 A CN 202010022200A CN 111096829 A CN111096829 A CN 111096829A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
- A61F2/4465—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/025—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L27/04 - A61L27/12
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/08—Carbon ; Graphite
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/10—Ceramics or glasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/12—Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/16—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/3008—Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/30092—Properties of materials and coating materials using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/16—Materials with shape-memory or superelastic properties
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/38—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of the spine, vertebrae or intervertebral discs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage, which adopts shape memory polymer and is converted between an initial state and a temporary state through external drive; the temporary state is placed in the pathological change position of the human body, and then the temporary state is converted into an initial state through external driving to realize full contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pathological change position. The interbody fusion cage is suitable for minimally invasive fusion, has small damage to patients, less bleeding during operation and less complications after quick recovery after the operation; after the original shape is recovered, the contact area between the upper surface and the lower surface is large, and fusion is promoted; the modulus similar to that of human bones is obtained by adjusting the proportion of the memory polymer matrixes with different shapes and the filler, so that stress shielding is reduced and the memory polymer matrixes do not sink; in addition, the used shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are transparent to X rays, and interference artifacts are not generated during the examination; finally, the shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are high biocompatibility materials, have few complications and promote bone repair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage.
Background
The intervertebral fusion is an effective method for treating degenerative disc diseases, can greatly relieve the pain of patients and carry out functional repair; the design and application of the intervertebral fusion cage in the eighties of the last century realize the integration function of fusion and fixation, and the design and application are greatly popularized.
However, most of the currently clinically applied intervertebral fusion cages are only suitable for open fusion surgery due to the limitations of implantation size, contact area and the like, and the intervertebral fusion cages need to be extensively stripped and pulled to soft tissues such as paraspinal muscles and the like during the surgery, so that the intervertebral fusion cages bleed too much during the surgery, the spinal nerves can be damaged, and chronic low back pain is easy to occur after the surgery.
The existing interbody fusion cage such as a metal fusion cage (such as stainless steel material) has the problems of poor biocompatibility, easy stress shielding caused by overhigh modulus, interference artifact caused by X-ray impermeability and the like; although the biocompatibility of the titanium alloy fusion cage is improved, the modulus of the titanium alloy fusion cage is still more than 2 times of that of human bone, and the titanium alloy fusion cage is also easy to sink into vertebral endplates, generates stress shielding and is expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage, which can realize minimally invasive fusion by adopting a special shape memory polymer and solve the problem that the current clinical interbody fusion cage is only suitable for open fusion surgery.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a shape memory polymer intervertebral cage, it uses shape memory polymer, drive and change between initial state and temporary state through the outside; the temporary state is placed in the pathological change position of the human body, and then the temporary state is converted into an initial state through external driving to realize full contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pathological change position. The maximum difference between the temporary state and the initial state is the change of the volume, the initial state is large volume, according to the shape memory property of the used material, the temporary state with small volume is converted by external stimulation to be used for minimally invasive surgery, the temporary state can be conveyed to a lesion site through a minimally invasive surgery channel, after the target site is reached, the stimulation is applied again, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage automatically returns to the initial large volume shape, the preset height is recovered, and the fusion and fixation effects are achieved.
Preferably, the shape memory polymer comprises one or more of shape memory polylactic acid, shape memory polyether ketone, shape memory polyglycolic acid, shape memory polyether ether ketone and shape memory epoxy resin.
Preferably, the shape memory polymer further comprises a filler, and the filler is used for adjusting the modulus of the shape memory polymer composite material, improving the bioactivity or surface activity of the fusion cage, promoting bone repair, increasing the biocompatibility of the fusion cage, increasing the surface roughness of the fusion cage and improving the stability.
Preferably, the filler is one or a mixture of more than one of hydroxyapatite, calcium silicate, titanium dioxide, nano titanium dioxide, β -tricalcium phosphate, nano fluorine, fluor-hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass and carbon fiber.
Preferably, the interbody fusion cage comprises a body, a cavity assembly, a boss assembly, a through hole and a positioning hole formed in the body, wherein the cavity assembly is formed in the body and used for placing artificial bones or autogenous bones, the boss assembly is arranged on the outer surface of the body and used for increasing friction force, the through hole is formed in the body and used for providing a compression space for the interbody fusion cage when the interbody fusion cage is changed from an initial state to a temporary state, and the positioning hole is used for arranging metal tantalum mark points. The tantalum metal is opaque to X-rays and is used for positioning and monitoring the position of the fusion cage.
Preferably, the boss assembly comprises at least two sets of differently sized bosses.
Preferably, the cavity assembly comprises first cavities arranged symmetrically and a second cavity located between the two first cavities.
Preferably, the intervertebral cage further comprises a threaded hole for connecting with an external delivery device.
Preferably, the external drive is one of a temperature drive, a magnetic drive, a solution drive or an optical drive.
Preferably, the height ratio of the intervertebral cage in the temporary state and the initial state is: 0.2 to 0.8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the shape memory polymer, and is driven by the outside to be converted between the initial state and the temporary state; the implant is in a temporary shape in a compressed state when being implanted, and automatically returns to an initial form with a preset height after reaching a diseased site, so that the fusion and fixation effects are achieved;
the interbody fusion cage is suitable for minimally invasive fusion, has small damage to patients, less bleeding and less postoperative recovery complications; after the original shape is recovered, the contact area between the upper surface and the lower surface is large, and fusion is promoted; the modulus similar to that of human bones is obtained by adjusting the proportion of the memory polymer matrixes with different shapes and the filler, so that stress shielding is reduced and the memory polymer matrixes do not sink; in addition, the used shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are transparent to X rays, and interference artifacts are not generated during the examination; finally, the shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are high biocompatibility materials, have few complications and promote bone repair.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a shape memory polymer intervertebral cage according to an embodiment of the invention in an initial configuration;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a shape memory polymer intervertebral cage according to an embodiment of the invention in a temporary, low volume configuration;
fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "vertical", "lateral", "longitudinal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not mean that the device or member to which the present invention is directed must have a specific orientation or position, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage, which adopts shape memory polymer and is driven by the outside to be converted between an initial state and a temporary state; the temporary state is placed in the pathological change position of the human body, and then the temporary state is converted into an initial state through external driving to realize full contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pathological change position.
Shape memory polymers are a class of stimuli-responsive smart materials that can be deformed from an initial shape (also known as a permanent shape) to a temporary shape under an external stimulus (e.g., heat, light, electricity, magnetism, solution), remain fixed, and revert back to the initial shape when re-stimulated. The maximum difference between the temporary state and the initial state is the change of the volume, the initial state is large volume, according to the shape memory property of the used material, the temporary state with small volume is converted by external stimulation to be used for minimally invasive surgery, the temporary state can be conveyed to a lesion site through a minimally invasive surgery channel, after the target site is reached, the stimulation is applied again, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage automatically returns to the initial large volume shape, the preset height is recovered, and the fusion and fixation effects are achieved.
Thus, the fusion cage with the structure is implanted into a human body when being in a compressed temporary shape (namely a locking state), and is returned to an initial shape (namely a spreading state) with a preset height by external driving after reaching a diseased position, so as to play roles of fusion and fixation; in addition, the volume of the artificial bone is increased after the artificial bone is restored to the original shape, the contact area of the artificial bone and the upper and lower surfaces of the lesion is large, and fusion can be promoted.
Taking the thermotropic shape memory polymer as an example, when the shape memory polymer is heated, the temperature is higher than the glass transition temperature (T > Tg), the material is converted from a glass state to a rubber state, the modulus is reduced, at the moment, the rubber shape memory polymer is endowed with a temporary shape through an external force, the external force is kept, the temperature is rapidly reduced to be below the glass transition temperature (T < Tg), the temporary shape is fixed, the polymer is heated again (T > Tg), and the polymer automatically returns to the original shape;
also, in this embodiment, the temperature at which the thermotropic shape-memory polymer undergoes a shape change (glass transition temperature) ranges from 45 to 85 degrees.
The shape memory polymer comprises one or more of shape memory polylactic acid, shape memory polyether ketone, shape memory polyglycolic acid, shape memory polyether ether ketone and shape memory epoxy resin.
The shape memory polymer also includes a filler. The filler is used for adjusting the modulus of the shape memory polymer composite material, improving the bioactivity or surface activity of the fusion cage, promoting bone repair, increasing the biocompatibility of the fusion cage, increasing the surface roughness of the fusion cage and improving the stability.
The filler is one or a mixture of more than one of hydroxyapatite, calcium silicate, titanium dioxide, nano titanium dioxide, β -tricalcium phosphate, nano fluorine, fluor-hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass or carbon fiber.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in one embodiment, the interbody fusion cage comprises a body 1, a cavity component 2, a boss component 3, a through hole 4 and a positioning hole 5 formed on the body 1, wherein the cavity component 2 is formed on the body 1 for placing artificial bone or autologous bone, the boss component 3 is formed on the outer surface of the body 1 for increasing friction force, the through hole 4 is formed on the body 1 for providing a compression space when the interbody fusion cage is transformed from an initial state to a temporary state, and the positioning hole 5 is used for arranging a metal tantalum marker; the tantalum metal is opaque to X-rays and is used for positioning and monitoring the position of the fusion cage.
Thus, by adopting the structure, according to actual needs, the artificial bone or the autogenous bone is placed in the cavity component 2, and the body 1 is driven by the outside, the body 1 is changed into a compressed temporary shape from an initial shape, then the intervertebral fusion cage in the temporary shape is placed in the human body, and after the intervertebral fusion cage reaches the pathological position, the body 1 is driven by the outside, the intervertebral fusion cage is converted into the initial shape with the preset height under the outside drive, and the volume of the intervertebral fusion cage is increased after the intervertebral fusion cage returns to the initial shape, so that the contact area between the intervertebral fusion cage and the upper surface and the lower surface of the pathological position is large, and the fusion can be promoted;
in the whole process, the boss component 3 is arranged to increase the friction force of the intervertebral fusion device and prevent the intervertebral fusion device from slipping; the through holes 4 are beneficial to compressing the shape memory polymer to a small-volume temporary shape when deforming, and are beneficial to growing new bones into the fusion cage after the normal height of the fusion cage is restored after the lesion position is reached, so that fusion is promoted; the positioning hole 5 is used for placing the metal tantalum marker which is not transparent to X-rays.
The boss component 3 comprises at least two groups of bosses with different sizes;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the boss assembly 3 includes a first boss 31, a second boss 32 and a third boss 33, the first boss 31 is a triangular prism structure with a large volume and is arranged on the outer ring of the surface of the body 1, the second boss 32 is a triangular prism structure with a small volume and is arranged in the outer ring and forms an inner ring, and the third boss 33 is a cuboid structure and is uniformly distributed in the inner ring;
of course, the first boss 31, the second boss 32, and the third boss 33 are not limited to the above-described shapes, and they are provided in different shapes and different sizes mainly for achieving different sizes of frictional force.
The cavity assembly 2 comprises first cavities 21 which are symmetrically arranged and a second cavity 22 which is positioned between the two first cavities 21;
the structure of the cavity assembly 2 is not limited to the above-described structure, and is set according to the shape and size of the placed artificial bone or autologous bone.
The interbody fusion cage further comprises a threaded hole 6 for connecting with an external conveying device, so that the entire minimally invasive surgery can be completed by connecting the interbody fusion cage with the minimally invasive implantation conveying device through the threaded hole 6.
The external drive is one or a combination of more than one of temperature drive, magnetic drive, solution drive or optical drive;
thus, the transition between the initial and temporary forms can be achieved by temperature, magnetic, solution or optical actuation.
In the temporary state and the initial state, the height ratio of the intervertebral fusion device is as follows: 0.2 to 0.8;
the small volume of the temporary form is used for implanting the intervertebral fusion cage into a human body by adopting a minimally invasive method; the larger volume of the initial state is to fully contact the surfaces of the upper and lower vertebral plates of the lesion after the intervertebral cage reaches the lesion position, so as to realize better fusion.
In addition, the interbody fusion cage can be formed by 3D printing, casting or compression molding.
And the size of the defect can be customized according to the actual size of the defect of the patient, so that the complications are further reduced.
The working process is as follows:
before the minimally invasive fusion surgery is carried out by adopting the interbody fusion cage provided by the embodiment, the artificial bone or the autogenous bone is placed in the cavity component 2, certain external drive is applied (the temperature is higher than the glass transition temperature of the used shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof), the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage is in a rubber state at the moment, certain external load is applied to the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage is contracted to a temporary shape with a small volume, the external force is maintained unchanged, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage is rapidly cooled to be below the glass transition temperature, the temporary shape is fixed, and at the moment, the compressed shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage can be conveyed by a minimally invasive fusion surgery conveying device;
when a minimally invasive surgery is performed, the minimally invasive fusion surgery conveying device is connected with the threaded hole 6, after the minimally invasive fusion surgery conveying device reaches a preset position, corresponding external stimulation is given again, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage in the compressed state automatically returns to the original shape and height, the fusion and fixation effects are exerted, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage is completely released, and the conveying device is retracted.
In addition, before the interbody fusion cage is conveyed to the position of human lesion, the metal tantalum mark points are arranged in the positioning holes 5.
In another embodiment, near infrared light is used to drive the shape memory polymer intervertebral cage;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: on the basis of the original interbody fusion cage, a photosensitizer coating (such as biocompatible photosensitizer graphene oxide and black phosphorus, which can absorb light with corresponding wavelength and convert the light into heat energy) is made on the surface of the interbody fusion cage, and the same method is adopted for shaping (from an initial shape to a temporary shape) and conveying. After reaching the diseased position, the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage in a compressed state is irradiated by near infrared light (with the wavelength of 808nm or 980nm), and automatically returns to the initial shape when the temperature of the shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage is raised to be higher than the glass transition temperature, so that the function is played.
The interbody fusion cage provided by the embodiment is suitable for minimally invasive fusion, has small damage to patients, less bleeding and less postoperative recovery complications; after the original shape is recovered, the contact area between the upper surface and the lower surface is large, and fusion is promoted; the modulus similar to that of human bones is obtained by adjusting the proportion of the memory polymer matrixes with different shapes and the filler, so that stress shielding is reduced and the memory polymer matrixes do not sink; in addition, the used shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are transparent to X rays, and interference artifacts are not generated during the examination; finally, the shape memory polymer and the composite material thereof are high biocompatibility materials, have few complications and promote bone repair.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A shape memory polymer intervertebral cage is characterized in that the shape memory polymer intervertebral cage adopts shape memory polymer and is transformed between an initial state and a temporary state through external drive;
the temporary state is placed in the pathological change position of the human body, and then the temporary state is converted into an initial state through external driving to realize full contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the pathological change position.
2. The shape memory polymer intervertebral cage of claim 1, wherein the shape memory polymer comprises one or a mixture of more than one of shape memory polylactic acid, shape memory polyetherketoneketone, shape memory polyglycolic acid, shape memory polyetheretherketone, and shape memory epoxy.
3. The shape memory polymer intervertebral cage of claim 2, wherein the shape memory polymer further comprises a filler.
4. The intervertebral fusion cage of claim 3, wherein the filler is one or more of hydroxyapatite, calcium silicate, titanium dioxide, nano titanium dioxide, β -tricalcium phosphate, nano fluorine, fluor-hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, or carbon fiber.
5. The shape memory polymer interbody fusion cage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the interbody fusion cage comprises a body (1), a cavity component (2), a boss component (3), a through hole (4), and a positioning hole (5) formed in a side surface of the body (1), the cavity component (2) is formed in the body (1) for placing artificial bone or autogenous bone, the boss component (3) is formed in an outer surface of the body (1) for increasing friction force, the through hole (4) is formed in the body (1) for providing a compression space when the interbody fusion cage is transformed from an initial state to a temporary state, and the positioning hole (5) is used for providing metal tantalum marker points.
6. A shape memory polymer intersomatic cage according to claim 5, characterized in that the boss assembly (3) comprises at least two sets of bosses of different sizes.
7. A shape memory polymer intersomatic cage according to claim 6, characterized in that the cavity assembly (2) comprises symmetrically arranged first cavities (21) and a second cavity (22) located between the two first cavities (21).
8. A shape memory polymer intersomatic cage according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a threaded hole (6) for connection with external delivery means.
9. A shape memory polymer intersomatic cage according to claim 1, wherein the external drive is one of temperature-driven, magnetic-driven, solution-driven or optical-driven.
10. A shape memory polymer intersomatic cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the height ratio of the intersomatic cage in the temporary state and in the initial state is: 0.2 to 0.8.
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