CN111092293B - Beam scanning antenna based on composite left-right hand structure - Google Patents
Beam scanning antenna based on composite left-right hand structure Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam scanning antenna based on a composite left-right hand structure, which consists of a power divider, a composite left-right hand structure unit and a load part. The beam scanning antenna is characterized in that a one-to-four unequal power divider is used as a feed network, then four output ports of the power divider are respectively connected with a leaky-wave antenna formed by cascading 32 composite left-hand and right-hand structural units, and finally a sector symmetrical oscillator structure is connected to the terminal of each leaky-wave antenna to serve as a load. The wave beam of the antenna can realize scanning at different angles along with the frequency change of the excitation signal, and can be used in the fields of military detection, satellite remote sensing, security inspection imaging and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, and provides a beam scanning antenna based on a composite left-right-hand structure on the basis of taking a radar beam scanning antenna as a research object.
Background
A beam scanning antenna refers to an antenna that implements beam scanning by controlling the beam direction of a radar antenna in some way. The frequency scanning mode (i.e. the scanning of the beam along with the frequency change of the excitation signal) is easy to realize due to the radar system, so that the cost is low and more attention is paid. The structure usually adopts a slow wave structure or a leaky wave structure, wherein the frequency scanning antenna adopting the slow wave structure realizes scanning by introducing slow wave lines. However, the introduction of the slow-wave structure causes the antenna loss to be large, and the antenna bandwidth is also narrow. The leaky-wave antenna is a traveling-wave antenna, has high radiation efficiency and has frequency scanning characteristic during working. However, the leaky-wave antenna has some defects, and the leaky-wave antenna with the uniform structure can only be transmitted to a forward 0-90-degree area; and the periodic leaky-wave antenna is difficult to realize the radiation of the side edge.
The structure of a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is composed of two metal layers, two rows of metal via arrays and a dielectric plate, and has the advantages of low profile, small volume, low radiation loss, low cost, high integration level and strong interference resistance, which makes it a hot waveguide structure studied in recent years.
The composite left-right hand transmission line is a double-negative-polarity medium structure, and a double-negative-polarity medium, namely a left-hand material is one of artificial engineering materials, and is characterized in that the dielectric constant is a negative value, and the magnetic permeability is also less than zero. The composite left-hand and right-hand transmission line can show left-hand characteristics in a left-hand area, and the phase shift constant of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmission line is a negative value; and the phase shift constant of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmission line in the right-hand area is a positive value. The composite left-right structure transmission line and the leaky-wave structure are utilized, so that the defects of the traditional frequency scanning antenna based on the slow-wave structure and the leaky-wave structure can be overcome, and the deep research significance is realized. The invention aims to design an antenna with low cost, high gain, narrow beam and large bandwidth, wherein the antenna beam can be scanned forwards and backwards.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the characteristics of the composite left-right-hand structure and the advantages of the SIW, the invention provides a beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right-hand structure, which consists of a one-in-four-way unequal power divider, a composite left-right-hand structural unit and a load part. The 32 composite left-right-hand structural units are cascaded to form a leaky-wave antenna, then four identical leaky-wave antennas are arrayed on an H surface, feeding is carried out through a one-to-four-way unequal power distributor, and finally in order to improve the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna, the tail end terminals of the four leaky-wave antennas are connected with a sector symmetrical oscillator structure to serve as a matched load.
The one-to-four unequal power distributor is designed based on a SIW structure, and the SIW is composed of a dielectric plate, metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface and two rows of metal through holes.
The one-to-four unequal power divider is used for changing the current distribution of the antenna in the array axis direction and reducing the side lobe level of the H surface of the antenna. By changing the interval of the output ports of the power divider and the power proportion of the four output ports, the beam width and the side lobe level of the antenna beam in the E-plane direction can be adjusted.
The one-to-four unequal power divider is vertically symmetrical in structure and comprises a microstrip gradual change line, a Y-shaped structure, a first metal hole, a second metal hole, a third metal hole, a fourth metal hole and a fifth metal hole. The microstrip gradual change line has the function of realizing the transition of the SIW structure to a planar microstrip line, adopts a mode of circular arc gradual change, and can greatly reduce the insertion loss. The first metal hole, the second metal hole, the fourth metal hole and the fifth metal hole are used for adjusting impedance matching and reducing energy reflection. The positions of the metal holes are adjusted by changing the values of Ls and Lp, so that the reflection coefficient of the one-in-four-way unequal power divider between 9G and 15G is smaller than-15 dB. The third metal hole is used for adjusting the output power ratio, and the power ratio of the four output ports is 0.75:1:1:0.75 by adjusting the value of Lk.
The composite left-right-hand structural unit (as shown in fig. 4) consists of a SIW structure and an "S" shaped slot etched in its upper metal layer. From the transmission line theory, the unit cascade can be regarded as a uniform composite left-right-hand structure transmission line. The pure right-handed transmission line can be equivalent to a circuit consisting of a series inductor and a parallel capacitor and has the right-handed characteristic; the left-handed transmission line is equivalent to a circuit consisting of a parallel inductor and a series capacitor, and shows a left-handed characteristic, and the phase constant of electromagnetic waves transmitted in the structure is a negative value. The right-handed characteristic is the essential characteristic of the transmission line, the metal holes in the composite left-handed and right-handed structural unit can provide parallel inductance for the structure, and the S-shaped gaps can provide series capacitance, so that the structure can have both the left-handed characteristic and the right-handed characteristic. The structure has composite left-right-hand characteristics at 9G-15GHz by adjusting the size and the spacing of the metal holes and the size of the S-shaped gap, and the phase constant at the transition point of the left-hand characteristic region and the right-hand characteristic region is 0. According to the leaky-wave theory, the mode of opening the gap on the surface of the waveguide can generate leaky-wave radiation, and the direction and the phase shift constant of the radiation beam meet the requirements
Wherein theta is0Is the angle between the antenna beam and the perpendicular direction of the antenna surface, beta is the phase shift constant of the transmitted electromagnetic wave in the waveguide, k0Is the propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave in free space.
When the signal frequency is scanned from 9GHz to 15GHz, the phase shift constant of the electromagnetic wave is gradually increased from a negative value to zero and then increased from zero to a positive value, and the corresponding antenna beam direction is changed from backward to forward, so that the function of beam scanning is realized. In order to reduce the beam width of the E-plane of the antenna, 32 identical units are adopted to be cascaded to form a leaky-wave antenna for increasing the gain. Then, four same leaky-wave antennas are respectively connected with four output ports of a one-in-four-way unequal power divider, so that the width of an antenna beam on an H surface can be reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
The antenna load is used for improving the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna, and when the terminal of the leaky-wave antenna composed of the composite left-hand and right-hand structural units is open-circuited or short-circuited, standing waves are generated and can greatly deteriorate the performance of the antenna. Therefore, the planar fan-shaped symmetrical oscillator structure is adopted and comprises two symmetrically-arranged fan-shaped oscillators, wherein one oscillator is connected with the SIW through a microstrip line gradient line, and the other oscillator is connected to the back through a metal through hole. The structure can reduce the reflected wave at the tail end of the antenna and radiate the residual energy at the tail end of the antenna to form a radiation load. Because the energy reaching the end of the antenna is small and the radiation gain of the structure is low, the directional pattern of the antenna body is not affected.
The beam scanning antenna provided by the invention consists of a one-to-four unequal power divider, a composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit and a load part. The power divider can divide the input excitation signal into four paths and output the four paths according to the proportion of 0.75:1:1: 0.75. Then the four outputs of the power divider are respectively connected with a leaky-wave antenna formed by 32 cascaded antenna units. The antenna unit is a composite left-right-hand structure and is composed of a substrate integrated dielectric waveguide with a certain length and an 'S' -shaped slot etched on the substrate integrated dielectric waveguide, and finally, a fan-shaped symmetrical dipole structure is connected to the terminal of each antenna to serve as a load. The antenna can realize that when the frequency of an excitation signal is changed from 9GHz to 15GHz, the wave beam of the antenna can realize scanning of-55 degrees to +57 degrees on the E surface, the 3dB wave beam width of the E surface of the scanning antenna is 7 degrees, the 3dB wave beam width of the H surface is about 23 degrees, and the antenna gain is about 21 dB.
Drawings
FIG. 1: structure of substrate integrated waveguide.
FIG. 2: power divider architecture.
FIG. 3: and compounding a structure diagram of the left-hand unit and the right-hand unit.
FIG. 4: 32 antenna units are cascaded and arrayed.
FIG. 5: and compounding an equivalent circuit diagram of the left-hand and right-hand structural units.
FIG. 6: and compounding characteristic graphs of the left-hand and right-hand structural units.
FIG. 7: load structure diagram.
FIG. 8: an antenna pattern.
FIG. 9: and (4) an antenna overall structure block diagram.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
A beam scanning antenna based on a composite left-right hand structure is composed of a one-to-four unequal power divider, a composite left-right hand structure unit and a load part. Four output ports of the power divider are respectively connected with a leaky-wave antenna consisting of 32 composite left-right-hand structural units, and then the tail ends of the antennas are respectively connected with sector-shaped symmetrical oscillator loads.
In the above embodiment, the one-to-four unequal power divider shown in fig. 2 is designed based on the SIW structure. FIG. 1 shows the structure of SIW, which is composed of upper and lower metal layers, a dielectric plate and two rows of metal holes. In the antenna, the dielectric plates are made of high-frequency dielectric material F4BM220 of Wangling company in Tazhou, and the relative dielectric constant epsilon of the dielectric platesr2.2, tan theta 0.001, dielectric plate thickness t 1mm, and upper and lower metal layer thickness 0.035 mm. The diameter d of the metal via holes constituting the SIW is 0.5mm, and the spacing s between adjacent metal holes is 0.9 mm. The interval between output ports of the power divider is Ws-22 mm, the length of each section is L1-11 mm, L2-12.7 mm, L3-22 mm, L4-6.4 mm, and L5-18 mm. The power divider is vertically symmetrical in structure and comprises a microstrip gradual change line, a Y-shaped structure, a first metal hole, a second metal hole, a third metal hole, a fourth metal hole and a fifth metal hole. One end of the microstrip gradual change line is connected with a microstrip line with characteristic impedance of 50 ohms, the other end of the microstrip gradual change line is connected with a SIW structure, and the width Wt of the microstrip line with 50 ohms is 3.2 mm. The width Wg of the SIW was 12.5 mm. The gradual change line adopts a quarter-arc gradual change mode to reduce the insertion loss, and the length Lt of the gradual change line is 9mm, and the radius R1 of the gradual change arc is 5.2 mm. First metal hole, secondThe second metal hole, the fourth metal hole and the fifth metal hole are used for adjusting matching and reflection. The power divider has a reflection coefficient of less than-15 dB between 9G and 15G by taking Ls as 5.5mm and Lp as 1.2 mm. The third metal hole is used for adjusting the output power ratio, and Lk is 1.5mm, so that the power ratio of the four output ports is 0.75:1:1: 0.75.
The composite left-right-hand structural unit (as shown in the attached figure 3 in the specification) is composed of a SIW and an S-shaped gap etched on an upper layer metal. The combination of 32 identical units can form a leaky-wave antenna (as shown in fig. 4), and the distance P between the centers of the adjacent units is 7.7 mm. The pure right-handed transmission line is equivalent to a series inductor (L)R) And a parallel capacitor (C)R) A circuit of composition exhibiting right-handed behavior; the left-handed transmission line is equivalent to a parallel inductor (L)L) And a series capacitor (C)L) The formed circuit shows a left-handed characteristic. The right-handed characteristic is an essential characteristic of the transmission line, and the metal hole in the antenna structure can provide a parallel inductance for the structure, and the S-shaped slot can provide a series capacitance, so that the structure can have both the left-handed characteristic and the right-handed characteristic. The equivalent circuit diagram of the composite right-hand structural unit is shown in fig. 5, and the circuit is analyzed to obtain:
series resonance frequency:
parallel resonance frequency:
the phase shift constant of the transmitted electromagnetic wave in the structure can then be obtained:
wherein:
from the above expression, when the signal frequency ω < min (ω)se，ωsh) When the phase shift constant beta is a negative value, the composite left-hand unit and the composite right-hand unit present left-hand characteristics; when the signal frequency omega > min (omega)se，ωsh) The phase shift constant β is positive, and the composite left-hand and right-hand elements exhibit right-hand behavior. In order to make the phase shift constant real, the structure should be made to satisfy ωse＝ωshI.e. the series resonance frequency is equal to the parallel resonance frequency.
The composite left-right-hand structural unit comprises two rows of metal holes, wherein each row is provided with 7 metal holes, the distance Wb between the two rows of metal holes is 9.5mm, the diameter d2 of the metal holes is 0.6mm, and the distance s2 between every two adjacent metal holes is 1.1 mm. In the unit, the length Lb of the S-shaped gap is 9.2mm, the gap is composed of 7 fingers, the width Wp of the finger is 0.3mm, the distance Wc of the finger is 0.45mm, the radius R1 of a large circular arc is 0.75mm, the radius R2 of a small circular arc is 0.15mm, and the central angles of the two circular arcs are both 90 degrees. Fig. 6 shows a graph of the relationship between the phase shift constant and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave in the structural unit. The structural unit shows a left-handed characteristic at 9G to 11.4G, a negative phase constant, a right-handed characteristic at 11.4G to 15GHz, a positive phase constant, and a 0 phase constant at the transition point (11.4 GHz).
According to the leaky-wave theory, the mode of opening the gap on the surface of the waveguide can generate leaky-wave radiation, and the direction of a radiation beam and the phase shift constant of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide satisfy the following conditions:
wherein theta is0Is the angle between the antenna beam and the perpendicular direction of the antenna surface, beta is the phase shift constant of the transmitted electromagnetic wave in the waveguide, k0Is the propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave in free space. The S-shaped gaps in the composite left-right-hand structure can generate leaky-wave radiation, so that when the signal frequency is scanned from 9GHz to 15GHz, the phase shift constant is gradually increased from a negative value to zero and then is increased from zero to a positive value, the corresponding antenna beam direction is changed from backward to forward, and the antenna beam is changed from-5 to-55 deg. to +57 deg. scanning. The gain of the antenna can be improved by cascading a plurality of composite left-hand and right-hand units, and the beam width of the antenna on the E surface is reduced. 32 structural units are cascaded in the design, and the 3dB wave beam width of the E surface of the antenna is 7 degrees. And then, the four same leaky-wave antennas are respectively connected with the output ports of a one-in-four-way unequal power divider, so that the array of the antennas on the H surface is realized, the beam width of the H surface of the antenna is reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
The H-plane 3dB beamwidth of the antenna is about 23 deg., and the antenna gain is about 21 dB.
The antenna load is a fan-shaped symmetrical oscillator structure (as shown in fig. 7 in the specification), the structure is composed of two symmetrically placed fan-shaped oscillators, one of the oscillators is connected with the SIW through a microstrip line gradient line, the other oscillator is connected with a back metal layer through a metal via hole with the radius Rn of 0.14mm, specific parameters of the fan-shaped oscillators are Ra (Ra) 1.89mm, La (La) 3.44mm, Ls (Ls) 2.86mm, Lm (Lm) 0.14mm, Wm (Wm) 0.14mm, Ln (Ln) 3mm, Wn (Wn) 0.15mm, the length Lq of the gradient microstrip is 4.5mm, and the bottom width Wq is 3.2 mm. The structure can radiate the residual energy at the tail end of the antenna to form a radiation load. Short-circuiting or open-circuiting of the transmission line terminations creates standing waves that narrow the operating bandwidth and degrade antenna performance. The more energy that is reflected by the termination, the more standing waves are formed, and therefore reducing the reflection can effectively improve the performance of the antenna. The energy of the antenna terminal can be indirectly derived from the losses. The two-port device loss can be obtained from the reflection coefficient S11 and the forward transmission coefficient S21. Loss of the two-port network:
when not connected with a load, a composite left-right-hand structure leaky-wave antenna can be used as a two-port transmission network, and S passing through the antenna structure11And S21The calculated loss is greater than 96%. The energy reaching the end of the antenna is therefore very small, less than 4% of the energy of the incoming signal. In this case, 80% of the energy is consumed by the radiation load, and only 80% of the energy remainsWith less energy, the standing wave formed by the reflection of this energy is small. In addition, the radiation gain of the structure is low and is lower than 0dB, so that the radiation structure cannot influence the directional diagram of the antenna main body.
The beam scanning antenna provided by the invention consists of a one-to-four unequal power divider, a composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit and a load part. A one-in-four unequal power divider can output input excitation signals according to the proportion of 0.75:1:1: 0.75. Then the four outputs of the power divider are respectively connected with a leaky-wave antenna formed by 32 cascaded antenna units. The antenna unit is a composite left-right-hand structure and is composed of a substrate integrated waveguide with a certain length and an 'S' -shaped slot etched on the substrate integrated waveguide, and finally a fan-shaped symmetrical oscillator structure is connected to the terminal of each antenna to serve as a load. The antenna can realize that when the frequency of an excitation signal is changed from 9GHz to 15GHz, the beam direction of the antenna can realize scanning of-55 degrees to +57 degrees on the E surface of the antenna, the H surface beam width of the scanning antenna is about 23 degrees, the E surface beam width is 7 degrees, the antenna gain is about 21dB, and the antenna can be used in the fields of military detection, satellite remote sensing, security inspection imaging and the like.
A beam scanning antenna based on a composite left-right hand structure comprises a one-to-four unequal power divider, a leaky-wave antenna and a load part, wherein the leaky-wave antenna is composed of a composite left-right hand structural unit. The one-in-four unequal power divider can divide an input excitation signal into four paths and output the four paths according to the proportion of 0.75:1:1: 0.75. Then, the four outputs of the power divider are respectively connected with an antenna formed by 32 same antenna units in a cascading manner. The antenna unit is a composite left-right-handed structure and is composed of a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) with a certain length and an S-shaped gap etched on the SIW, and the gap can radiate leaky waves. And finally, connecting a fan-shaped symmetrical dipole structure as a load at the terminal of each antenna. The antenna can realize the scanning of the beam of the antenna from-55 degrees to +57 degrees in the E surface when the frequency of an excitation signal is changed from 9GHz to 15GHz, the H surface of the scanning antenna has 3dB beam width of about 23 degrees, the E surface has 3dB beam width of 7 degrees, and the antenna gain is about 21 dB.
The power divider is designed by adopting a Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) structure, is symmetrical up and down in structure and comprises a microstrip gradient line, a Y-shaped structure, a first metal hole, a second metal hole, a third metal hole and a fourth metal hole. The microstrip gradient line adopts an arc gradient mode to reduce insertion loss, the sizes and positions of the first metal hole, the second metal hole, the fourth metal hole and the fifth metal hole are adjusted to enable the reflection coefficient to be smaller than-15 dB within 9G-15GHz, and the third metal hole is adjusted to enable the power ratio of four output ports of the power divider to be 0.75:1:1: 0.75.
The composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit consists of an SIW structure and an S-shaped gap etched on the surface of an upper metal layer, and structural parameters of the composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit are adjusted to enable the composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit to show a left-hand characteristic at 9G-11.4G, a phase shift constant of transmitted electromagnetic waves in the structure is a negative value, a right-hand characteristic is shown in 11.4G-15GHz, a phase shift constant of transmitted electromagnetic waves in the structure is a positive value, and a phase constant at a transition point (11.4GHz) is 0. 32 same units are cascaded to form a leaky-wave antenna with a composite left-right-hand structure, and S-shaped gaps in the transmission line structure can radiate leaky waves to form the antenna. As the signal frequency sweeps from 9GHz to 15GHz, the phase shift constant will gradually increase from a negative value to zero and then from zero to a positive value, and the beam of the corresponding antenna can sweep from-55 ° to +57 °.
The antenna load adopts a fan-shaped symmetrical oscillator structure and is connected with the tail ends of the leaky-wave antennas with the composite left-right-hand structure. The structure consists of two symmetrically-arranged fan-shaped oscillators, wherein one oscillator is connected with the SIW through a microstrip line gradual change line, and the other oscillator is connected with a back metal layer through a metal through hole. The structure can radiate the residual energy at the tail end of the antenna to form a radiation load. The antenna structure can effectively reduce standing waves formed by reflection of the antenna terminal, and the radiation gain of the structure is very low, so that the directional diagram of the antenna main body cannot be influenced.
Claims (7)
1. A beam scanning antenna based on compound left and right hand structure which characterized in that: the antenna consists of a one-to-four unequal power distributor, a composite left-hand and right-hand structural unit and a load part; the 32 composite left-right-hand structural units are cascaded to form a leaky-wave antenna, then four identical leaky-wave antennas are arrayed on an H surface, and fed through a one-in-four-way unequal power distributor, and finally, in order to improve the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna, the tail end terminals of the four leaky-wave antennas are connected with a sector symmetrical oscillator structure as a matched load; the one-to-four unequal power distributor is vertically symmetrical in structure and consists of a micro-strip gradient line, a Y-shaped structure, a first metal hole, a second metal hole, a third metal hole, a fourth metal hole and a fifth metal hole; the microstrip gradual change line has the function of realizing the transition of the SIW structure to a planar microstrip line, adopts a mode of circular arc gradual change, and can greatly reduce the insertion loss; the first metal hole, the second metal hole, the fourth metal hole and the fifth metal hole are used for adjusting impedance matching and reducing energy reflection; the positions of the metal holes are adjusted by changing the values of Ls and Lp, so that the reflection coefficient of the one-in-four-way unequal power distributor between 9G and 15G is smaller than-15 dB; the third metal hole is used for adjusting the output power ratio, and the power ratio of the four output ports is 0.75:1:1:0.75 by adjusting the value of Lk.
2. The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the one-to-four unequal power distributor is designed based on a SIW structure, and the SIW is composed of a dielectric plate, metal layers on the upper surface and the lower surface and two rows of metal through holes.
3. The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the one-to-four unequal power divider is used for changing the current distribution of the antenna in the array axis direction and reducing the side lobe level of the H surface of the antenna; by changing the interval of the output ports of the power divider and the power proportion of the four output ports, the beam width and the side lobe level of the antenna beam in the E-plane direction can be adjusted.
4. According to claim 1The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure is characterized in that: the composite left-right-hand structural unit consists of an SIW structure and an S-shaped gap etched on the upper metal layer; the pure right-handed transmission line is equivalent to a circuit consisting of a series inductor and a parallel capacitor and has the right-handed characteristic; the pure left-handed transmission line is equivalent to a circuit consisting of a parallel inductor and a series capacitor, and shows a left-handed characteristic, and the phase constant of electromagnetic waves transmitted in the structure is a negative value; the leaky-wave radiation can be generated by opening a gap on the surface of the waveguide, and the direction and the phase shift constant of the radiation beam meet the requirements
Wherein theta is0Is the angle between the antenna beam and the perpendicular direction of the antenna surface, beta is the phase shift constant of the transmitted electromagnetic wave in the waveguide, k0Is the propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave in free space.
5. The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the signal frequency is scanned from 9GHz to 15GHz, the phase shift constant of the electromagnetic wave is gradually increased from a negative value to zero and then is increased from zero to a positive value, and the corresponding antenna beam direction is changed from backward to forward, so that the beam scanning function is realized; in order to reduce the beam width of the E surface of the antenna and improve the gain, 32 same units are adopted to be cascaded to form a leaky-wave antenna; then, four same leaky-wave antennas are respectively connected with four output ports of a one-in-four-way unequal power divider, the width of an antenna beam on an H surface is reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
6. The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna load is used for improving the bandwidth and the efficiency of the antenna; a planar fan-shaped symmetrical oscillator structure is adopted, the structure is composed of two symmetrically placed fan-shaped oscillators, one oscillator is connected with the SIW through a microstrip line gradual change line, and the other oscillator is connected to the back through a metal through hole.
7. The beam scanning antenna based on the composite left-right hand structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna can realize that when the frequency of an excitation signal is changed from 9GHz to 15GHz, the wave beam of the antenna can realize scanning of-55 degrees to +57 degrees on the E surface, the 3dB wave beam width on the E surface of the scanning antenna is 7 degrees, the 3dB wave beam width on the H surface is 23 degrees, and the antenna gain is 21 dB.
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| CN102709699A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Leaky wave antenna based on left-right-hand composite transmission line |
| CN107069230B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2023-02-17 | 东南大学 | Antenna structure and design method |
| CN108987911B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-07-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Millimeter wave beam forming microstrip array antenna based on SIW and design method |
| CN109149117A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of composite left-and-right-hand leaky-wave antenna |
| CN110085990A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-02 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of composite left-and-right-hand leaky-wave antenna minimizing continuous beam scanning |
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2019
- 2019-11-26 CN CN201911175478.7A patent/CN111092293B/en active Active
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