CN111087140A - Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge - Google Patents
Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/004—Sludge detoxification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a treatment system and a treatment method for oily sludge. The processing system comprises: the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit is used for performing demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; the biochemical-drying treatment unit is communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and is used for sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated so as to obtain dried sludge; and the sludge pyrolysis unit is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and dried sludge. The system realizes dehydration and oil removal of the oily sludge and dehydration reduction of chemical sludge, solves the technical problem of difficulty in dehydration reduction of the oily sludge, mixes two kinds of sludge after quality-based treatment into the sludge pyrolysis unit for resource treatment, avoids the problems of wall adhesion, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like which often occur when the pyrolysis device treats high-liquid-content materials, and is beneficial to continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a treatment system and a treatment method for oil-containing sludge.
Background
The oily sludge produced by the refining enterprises is mainly from an oily sewage treatment plant, and comprises oil separation tank bottom sludge, floating slag of an air flotation device and chemical sludge produced by a biochemical system for treating chemical sewage, namely refined 'three sludge'. The oil content of the bottom mud of the oil separation tank and the scum of the air floatation device is high, the main components of the oil separation tank and the scum are primary minerals, secondary minerals, crude oil, high molecular organic compounds, inorganic salts, chemical agents and surfactants added in the sewage treatment process, the components are complex, the oil content is generally 3-10%, the water content is 50-90%, the total liquid content is generally between 90-98%, and the oil separation tank and the scum are an abnormal stable emulsifying system; the chemical sludge has low oil content, generally lower than 2 percent, water content of 97-99 percent, apparent properties similar to those of municipal sludge, more complex components and more toxic and harmful substances than the municipal sludge. At present, the conventional treatment process is to concentrate and primarily dehydrate the three kinds of sludge, reduce the liquid content from 98-99% to about 96%, add flocculating agents such as polyacrylamide and the like for tempering, and respectively perform mechanical dehydration treatment. In order to improve the centrifugal dehydration effect of the oil sludge and facilitate maintenance operation, part of enterprises often mix chemical sludge, scum and bottom sludge for dehydration treatment. The liquid content of the oil sludge treated by the process is usually 80-85%, the oil content is 5-15%, and the oil sludge is used as hazardous waste to be transported out to a landfill. Because the sludge landfill treatment has a plurality of disadvantages: the method occupies a large amount of land, pollutes the safety risk of soil, underground water and the surrounding environment, can emit a large amount of volatile organic pollutants such as hydrocarbons and the like in the landfill process, and cannot recover mineral oil in oil sludge, thereby causing energy waste. The research and development work of the refining and chemical 'three-mud' safety disposal technology is actively carried out by various refining and chemical enterprises in China.
At present, the oily sludge treatment technology mainly comprises a hot water washing technology, an extraction technology, a biodegradation technology, a drying technology, a pyrolysis technology and an incineration technology. The hot water washing technology and the extraction technology are mainly used for treating oil field oil sludge and irrigation sediment, have good effect when treating oil sludge with high inorganic solid phase and oil content, have certain economic benefit, and have poor treatment effect on refined oil sludge with high liquid content, relatively low oil content and high organic solid phase content; the biodegradation technology has low treatment cost and no secondary pollution, can be used for treating the oil-containing soil, but needs to culture special biological strains, has longer treatment period, can not recover mineral oil, and can not realize the resource utilization of oil sludge; the drying technology is applied to municipal sludge treatment, sludge reduction can be effectively realized, but the requirements on the aspects of tightness, safety control and the like of drying equipment are higher due to the property difference of the oil sludge and oil-gas volatilization in the drying process of the oil sludge, and no device for directly drying the oil sludge is operated at home and abroad; the sludge incineration technology is relatively mature, but the incineration process is easy to generate secondary pollution, the treatment cost is high, oil components in the oil sludge cannot be recovered, and the economy is poor; the oil sludge pyrolysis technology is a process of heating oil sludge in an oxygen-free environment to remove water and petroleum hydrocarbons in the oil sludge, recovering mineral oil after condensation, and converting organic components in the oil sludge into inorganic carbon, and is an oil sludge treatment technology generally regarded as having development potential at present. However, the pyrolysis process has certain requirements on the moisture content of the fed material, when the moisture content is higher than 60%, a large amount of heat energy is used for evaporating moisture, the treatment cost is greatly increased, and the phenomena of difficult material conveying, furnace wall adhesion and the like can occur when the dilute material enters the pyrolysis furnace, so that the normal operation of the system is influenced; ultrasonic irradiation can realize demulsification and oil-water separation of oil sludge, but has different effects on oil sludge with different properties, and when material conditions are changed, the difference between technical parameters and process flow is large. Guo tree monarch et al proposed a set of refinery sludge recycling treatment system, this process uses the electroosmosis device as the pretreatment of the carbonization process, and does not process the oil-containing sludge and chemical sludge separately, the process route is different from this patent; zhou Li Kun et al adopt the ultrasonic demulsification and centrifuge process to treat the oil tank sediment, and need to add water for dilution before demulsification, which is different from the treatment object and process of the invention; wangzhihua et al adopt hot water washing, ultrasonic destabilization and mechanical centrifugation to treat the oil sludge falling to the ground, thereby realizing the purpose of oil sludge dehydration and decrement. The technology needs to add a medicament, is suitable for treating the oil sludge with higher inorganic content, and has a different process route from the refined sludge quality-based treatment process provided by the invention; fan' 27962and Happy and Lieli and the like respectively adopt Fenton reagent and ultrasound-assisted biological demulsification process to treat refined oil sludge, the treated objects are similar to the sludge in the invention, but the process technology has great difference, and the possibility of influencing the properties of the recovered oil products exists no matter adding medicament or biological demulsifier.
The refining and chemical 'three-mud' treatment technology mainly has the following problems: (1) at present, various technologies adopted mainly aim at treating centrifugally dewatered sludge with a liquid content of 80-85%, including oil separation tank bottom sludge, air flotation scum and chemical sludge, wherein the sludge is more complex in property, oil in the oil sludge is difficult to recover, the final treatment direction is not clear, and the treatment effect is not ideal; (2) the dehydration of the bottom mud of the oil separation tank and the floating slag of the air floatation device is difficult, the drying technology of the oil sludge is immature, and the mature and reliable reduction treatment technology of the oil sludge is lacked; (3) the pyrolysis device is suitable for processing low moisture content material, and when fatlute moisture content was higher, treatment cost increased by a wide margin, can increase the device coking moreover, dirty stifled trouble frequency of occurrence, and the system control degree of difficulty increases, influences the device steady operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a treatment system and a treatment method for oily sludge, which aim to solve the problem of difficulty in dehydration and reduction of the oily sludge in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment system for oily sludge, comprising: the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit is used for performing demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; the biochemical-drying treatment unit is communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and is used for sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated so as to obtain dried sludge; and the sludge pyrolysis unit is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and dried sludge.
Further, the oily sludge comprises bottom sludge from an oil separation tank and/or scum from an air flotation device.
Further, the demulsification-centrifugation unit comprises: the first sludge storage tank is used for concentrating and dehydrating the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product; the ultrasonic demulsification separation device is communicated with the first sludge storage tank and is used for performing demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product, wherein the water phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first water phase product, and the oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first oil phase product; the centrifugal separation equipment is communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification separation device and is used for carrying out centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil-phase product, the water-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is a second water-phase product, the oil-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is mineral oil, and the solid-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is dehydrated oil sludge; the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form sewage to be treated.
Further, the ultrasonic demulsification separation device comprises: the ultrasonic transducer is used for irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product; and the oil-water separation assembly is communicated with the ultrasonic transducer and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after the irradiation oscillation so as to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product.
Further, the centrifugal separation equipment is a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge.
Further, the biochemical-drying treatment unit comprises: the sewage biochemical treatment system is respectively communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification separation device and the centrifugal separation device and is used for carrying out biochemical treatment on the first water-phase product and the second water-phase product to obtain chemical sludge; the second sludge storage tank is communicated with the sewage biochemical treatment system and is used for concentrating and dehydrating the chemical sludge to obtain a second pretreatment product; and the drying equipment is communicated with the second sludge storage tank and is used for drying the second pretreatment product to obtain dried sludge.
Further, the sludge pyrolysis unit comprises: the sludge pyrolysis furnace is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge to obtain pyrolysis gas; the condensation separation unit is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace and is used for condensing the pyrolysis gas to obtain non-condensable gas and condensate; and the oil-water separation unit is communicated with the pyrolysis gas condensation separation unit and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the condensate to obtain mineral oil.
Further, the sludge pyrolysis unit further comprises: the inert gas protection unit is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace and is used for providing inert gas for the sludge pyrolysis furnace; and the discharge unit is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace and is used for discharging the pyrolyzed oil sludge residues.
Further, the sludge pyrolysis unit also comprises a noncondensable gas treatment unit, and the noncondensable gas treatment unit is communicated with the condensation separation unit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating oily sludge, the method comprising the steps of: performing demulsification treatment on the oily sludge, and performing centrifugal separation treatment on an oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on sewage to be treated to obtain dried sludge; and (4) pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
Further, with the processing system, the processing method comprises the following steps: introducing the oily sludge into a demulsification-centrifugal separation unit in a treatment system to perform demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; introducing sewage to be treated into a biochemical-drying treatment unit in a treatment system, and sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated to obtain dried sludge; and introducing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge into a sludge pyrolysis unit in the treatment system to pyrolyze the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
Further, the treatment system is the treatment system, and dehydrated oil sludge are obtainedThe steps of the sewage to be treated comprise the following processes: introducing the oily sludge into a first sludge storage tank of a treatment system to perform concentration and dehydration on the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product, preferably, the sludge solid surface load of the first sludge storage tank is 25-80 kg/m2D, the effective water depth is 3-4.5 m; introducing the first pretreatment product into an ultrasonic demulsification separation device to perform demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product; introducing the first oil phase product into centrifugal separation equipment to carry out centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil phase product to obtain a second water phase product, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge; the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form sewage to be treated.
Further, the processing system is the processing system described above, and the step of obtaining the first aqueous phase product and the first oil phase product comprises: irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product by using an ultrasonic transducer in an ultrasonic demulsification and separation device, preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic demulsification is 20-60 kHz, and the unit volume power is 25-200 kW/m3The ultrasonic irradiation time is within 1.5 h; and (3) carrying out oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after irradiation oscillation by using an oil-water separation component in the ultrasonic demulsification separation device, preferably controlling the air-water ratio of the oil-water separation component to be 3-15: 1, preferably adopting a flotation process to enhance oil-water separation, and more preferably selecting the flotation process from any one of cavitation air flotation, dissolved air flotation and electro-flotation.
Further, the centrifugal separation equipment is a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation equipment is preferably controlled to be 1500-3500 rpm, a flocculating agent is preferably added at an inlet of the centrifugal separation equipment, and the flocculating agent is more preferably polyacrylamide.
Further, a hot water drying method is adopted for drying treatment, the working pressure of the drying treatment is preferably controlled to be 0.6-5 MPa, and the temperature of hot water is preferably controlled to be 80-90 ℃.
And further, introducing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, preferably, the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 450-650 ℃, the working pressure is-100-50 Pa, and the oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled to be 3-5%.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the system combines the demulsification-centrifugal dehydration process with the sludge drying process, realizes the purposes of dehydration and oil removal of the oily sludge and dehydration reduction of chemical sludge, solves the technical problem of difficult dehydration reduction of the oily sludge, mixes two kinds of sludge subjected to quality-based treatment into the sludge pyrolysis unit for resource treatment, ensures that the total liquid content is lower than 50%, meets the feeding requirement of a pyrolysis device in the sludge pyrolysis unit, avoids the problems of wall sticking, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like frequently caused by the pyrolysis device for treating high-liquid-content materials, and is beneficial to the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device; and the sludge enters a sludge pyrolysis unit, heavy crude oil and non-volatile organic matters in the sludge are converted into substances such as coke, the treated residue mainly contains inorganic carbon, the organic matters are completely mineralized, the reduction rate of the treated residue is more than or equal to 90%, the oil content is less than 0.5%, the water content is less than 1%, pathogenic bacteria are completely killed, the recovery rate of the crude oil is more than or equal to 85%, and the reduction of refined 'three-sludge' and the oil recovery and resource treatment are synchronously realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system for oily sludge provided by the invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
01. an oil separation tank; 02. an air floatation device; 10. a first sludge storage tank; 20. an ultrasonic demulsification separation device; 30. a centrifugal separation device; 40. a sewage biochemical treatment system; 50. a second sludge storage tank; 60. a drying apparatus; 70. a feed hopper of the pyrolysis furnace; 80. a sludge pyrolysis furnace; 90. an inert gas protection unit; 100. a discharge unit; 110. a condensation separation unit; 120. an oil-water separation unit; 130. a noncondensable gas treatment unit; 140. a field sewage treatment system; 150. a slop oil tank.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As described in the background, the prior art has difficulty in dewatering and reducing the amount of oily sludge. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a treatment system of oily sludge, which comprises a demulsification-centrifugal separation unit, a biochemical-drying treatment unit and a sludge pyrolysis unit, wherein the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit is used for performing demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; the biochemical-drying treatment unit is communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and is used for sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated so as to obtain dried sludge; the sludge pyrolysis unit is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
According to the treatment system for the oily sludge, the demulsification-centrifugal dehydration process and the sludge drying process are combined, so that the purposes of dehydration and oil removal of the oily sludge and dehydration and reduction of chemical sludge are achieved, the technical problem that the dehydration and reduction of the oily sludge are difficult is solved, two kinds of sludge subjected to quality-based treatment are mixed and enter the sludge pyrolysis unit for resource treatment, the total liquid content is ensured to be lower than 50%, the feeding requirement of a pyrolysis device in the sludge pyrolysis unit is met, the problems of wall adhesion, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like which are frequently caused when the pyrolysis device treats high-liquid-content materials are avoided, and the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device is facilitated; and the sludge enters a sludge pyrolysis unit, heavy crude oil and non-volatile organic matters in the sludge are converted into substances such as coke, the treated residue mainly contains inorganic carbon, the organic matters are completely mineralized, the reduction rate of the treated residue is more than or equal to 90%, the oil content is less than 0.5%, the water content is less than 1%, pathogenic bacteria are completely killed, the recovery rate of the crude oil is more than or equal to 85%, and the reduction of refined 'three-sludge' and the oil recovery and resource treatment are synchronously realized.
The oily sludge treated by the treatment system of the invention can comprise bottom sludge from the oil separation tank 01 and/or scum from the air flotation device 02. The oil content of the bottom mud and the scum is high, the main components of the bottom mud and the scum are primary minerals, secondary minerals, crude oil, high molecular organic compounds, inorganic salts, chemical agents and surfactants added in the sewage treatment process, the components are complex, the oil content is generally 3-10%, the water content is 50-90%, the total liquid content is generally 90-98%, and the bottom mud and the scum are an abnormal stable emulsifying system.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the demulsification-centrifugation unit comprises a first sludge reservoir 10, an ultrasonic demulsification-separation device 20 and a centrifugal separation device 30, wherein the first sludge reservoir 10 is used for concentrating and dewatering the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product; the ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 is communicated with the first sludge storage tank 10 and is used for performing demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product, wherein the water phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first water phase product, and the oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first oil phase product; the centrifugal separation equipment 30 is communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 and is used for carrying out centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil-phase product, the water-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is a second water-phase product, the oil-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is mineral oil, and the solid-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is dehydrated oil sludge; the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form the sewage to be treated.
In the above preferred embodiment, more preferably, the ultrasonic emulsion breaking and separating device 20 includes an ultrasonic transducer and an oil-water separation assembly, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is used for irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product; the oil-water separation assembly is communicated with the ultrasonic transducer and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after irradiation oscillation so as to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product. In order to more effectively achieve the solid-oil-liquid three-phase separation of the first oil phase product, the above-mentioned centrifugal separation apparatus 30 is preferably a three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the biochemical-drying treatment unit includes a sewage biochemical treatment system 40, a second sludge storage tank 50 and a drying device 60, wherein the sewage biochemical treatment system 40 is respectively communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification and separation device 20 and the centrifugal separation device 30, and is used for performing biochemical treatment on the first water-phase product and the second water-phase product to obtain chemical sludge; the second sludge storage tank 50 is communicated with the sewage biochemical treatment system 40 and is used for concentrating and dehydrating chemical sludge to obtain a second pretreatment product; the drying device 60 is communicated with the second sludge storage tank 50 and is used for drying the second pretreatment product to obtain dried sludge.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sludge pyrolysis unit includes a sludge pyrolysis furnace 80, a condensation separation unit 110 and an oil-water separation unit 120, the sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugation separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit through a pyrolysis furnace feed hopper 70, and is used for pyrolyzing the dewatered oil sludge and the dried sludge to obtain pyrolysis gas; the condensation separation unit 110 is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 and is used for condensing the pyrolysis gas to obtain non-condensable gas and condensate; the oil-water separation unit 120 is communicated with the pyrolysis gas condensation separation unit 110, and is used for performing oil-water separation on the condensate to obtain mineral oil.
In the above preferred embodiment, more preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the sludge pyrolysis unit further includes an inert gas protection unit 90, a discharge unit 100 and a non-condensable gas treatment unit 130, the inert gas protection unit 90 is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 for providing inert gas into the sludge pyrolysis furnace 80; the discharge unit 100 is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 and is used for discharging oil sludge residues after pyrolysis; the noncondensable gas treatment unit 130 is communicated with the condensation separation unit 110, and is used for incinerating the noncondensable gas.
In the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the treatment system may further include a field sewage treatment system 140 and a dirty oil tank 150, wherein the field sewage treatment system 140 is communicated with the oil-water separation unit 120, and is configured to treat oily sewage obtained by oil-water separation of the condensate; the dirty oil tank 150 is respectively communicated with the centrifugal separation device 30 and the oil-water separation unit 120, and is used for collecting the mineral oil obtained by separation.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating oil-containing sludge, comprising the steps of: performing demulsification treatment on the oily sludge, and performing centrifugal separation treatment on an oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on sewage to be treated to obtain dried sludge; and (4) pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
According to the treatment method of the oily sludge, the demulsification-centrifugal dehydration process and the sludge drying process are combined, so that the purposes of dehydration and oil removal of the oily sludge and dehydration and reduction of chemical sludge are achieved, the technical problem that the dehydration and reduction of the oily sludge are difficult is solved, two kinds of sludge subjected to quality-separation treatment are mixed and enter the sludge pyrolysis unit for resource treatment, the total liquid content is ensured to be lower than 50%, the feeding requirement of the sludge entering the pyrolysis device is met, the problems of wall sticking, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like which are frequently caused when the pyrolysis device treats high-liquid-content materials are avoided, and the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device is facilitated; and the sludge is pyrolyzed, heavy crude oil and nonvolatile organic matters in the sludge are converted into substances such as coke, the treated residue mainly contains inorganic carbon, the organic matters are completely mineralized, the reduction rate of the treated residue is more than or equal to 90%, the oil content is less than 0.5%, the water content is less than 1%, pathogenic bacteria are completely killed, the recovery rate of the crude oil is more than or equal to 85%, and the reduction of refined three-sludge and the recycling treatment of oil products are synchronously realized.
The treatment method of the present invention may adopt the treatment system of the oily sludge provided above, and in this case, the treatment method comprises the steps of: introducing the oily sludge into a demulsification-centrifugal separation unit in a treatment system to perform demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated; introducing sewage to be treated into a biochemical-drying treatment unit in a treatment system, and sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated to obtain dried sludge; and introducing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge into a sludge pyrolysis unit in the treatment system to pyrolyze the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge. The treatment system provided by the invention is used for treating the oily sludge, and the treatment method realizes the purposes of dehydration and oil removal of the oily sludge and dehydration and reduction of chemical sludge, solves the technical problem of difficult dehydration and reduction of the oily sludge, ensures that the liquid content of the sludge entering the sludge pyrolysis unit is lower than 50 percent, meets the feeding requirement of a pyrolysis device, is beneficial to the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device, and realizes the refining three-sludge reduction treatment and mineral oil recovery.
When the treatment system adopted in the treatment method comprises the first sludge storage tank 10, the ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 and the centrifugal separation device 30, in a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the dewatered sludge and the sewage to be treated comprises the following processes: introducing the oily sludge into a first sludge storage pool 10 of a treatment system to perform concentration and dehydration on the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product; introducing the first pretreatment product into an ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 to perform demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product; introducing the first oil phase product into a centrifugal separation device 30 to perform centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil phase product to obtain a second water phase product, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge; the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form sewage to be treated.
In the preferred embodiment, the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit is used for performing concentration dehydration treatment, demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain sewage to be treated, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge, oil components in the oily sludge are recovered, the total liquid content of the dehydrated oil sludge is ensured to be lower than 50%, the feeding requirement of the pyrolysis device is met, the problems of wall sticking, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like which are frequently caused when the pyrolysis device treats high-liquid-content materials are avoided, and the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device is facilitated.
In the above preferred embodiment, in order to achieve more effective thickening and dewatering of the oily sludge, it is more preferred that the surface load of the sludge solids in the first sludge storage tank 10 is 25 to 80kg/m2D, the effective water depth is 3-4.5 m.
When the treatment system used in the treatment method comprises the ultrasonic transducer and the oil-water separation assembly, in a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the first aqueous phase product and the first oil phase product comprises: irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product by using an ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic demulsification and separation device 20; and (3) performing oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after the irradiation oscillation by using an oil-water separation component in the ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20.
In the above preferred embodiment, in order to improve the oil-water separation effect and reduce the liquid content of the first oil phase product, it is more preferred that the ultrasonic demulsification frequency is 20 to 60kHz, and the unit volume power is 25 to 200kW/m3The ultrasonic irradiation time is within 1.5 h; the gas-water ratio of the oil-water separation component is controlled to be 3-15: 1, and oil-water separation is enhanced by adopting a flotation process, wherein the flotation process is selected from any one of cavitation air flotation, dissolved air flotation and electric air flotation.
In the step of the centrifugal separation treatment, in order to improve the separation effect of the centrifugal separation and effectively reduce the liquid content of the dewatered sludge, it is preferable that the centrifugal separation device 30 is a three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge; more preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifugal separation equipment 30 is controlled to be 1500-3500 rpm; and, more preferably, a flocculating agent is added at the inlet of the centrifugal separation equipment 30, the flocculating agent is polyacrylamide, and the adding amount is 0.1-0.5% of the amount of the oven-dried sludge in the first oil-phase product, wherein the oven-dried sludge refers to sludge with the water content of 0.
In the drying treatment step, in order to improve the dehydration rate of the chemical sludge and achieve the goal of dehydration reduction of the chemical sludge, preferably, a hot water drying method is adopted for drying treatment; more preferably, the drying treatment is carried out under the working pressure of 0.6-5 MPa and the hot water temperature of 80-90 ℃.
In the step of pyrolysis, in order to improve the pyrolysis efficiency and synchronously realize the reduction of refined three-sludge and the recycling treatment of oil products, preferably, dehydrated oil sludge and dried sludge are introduced into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 450-650 ℃, the working pressure is-100-50 Pa, and the oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled at 3-5%.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
The treatment method of the oily sludge comprises the following steps:
the oily sludge is led into a first sludge storage pool 10 for concentration and dehydration to obtain a first pretreatment product, and the solid sludge surface load of the first sludge storage pool 10 is 60kg/m2D, enabling the effective water depth to be 3.5m, introducing the first pretreatment product into an ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 for demulsification treatment to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product, wherein the ultrasonic demulsification frequency is 50kHz, and the unit volume power is 120kW/m3Controlling the ultrasonic irradiation time within 1.5h, controlling the gas-water ratio of a flotation unit to be 6:1, introducing the first oil-phase product into centrifugal separation equipment 30 for centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a second water-phase product, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge, wherein the centrifugal separation equipment 30 is a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge, the centrifugal rotation speed of the three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge is controlled to be 2500rpm, and the first water-phase product and the second water-phase product jointly form sewage to be treated; introducing the sewage to be treated into a sewage biochemical treatment system 40 for biochemical treatment to obtain chemical sludge, and introducing the chemical sludge into the sewage biochemical treatment systemThe sludge is introduced into a second sludge storage tank 50 for concentration and dehydration to obtain a second pretreatment product, and the solid surface load of the sludge in the second sludge storage tank 50 is 60kg/m2D, the effective water depth is 3m, the second pretreatment product is dried by a drying device 60 to obtain dried sludge, the working pressure of the low-temperature vacuum drying device is 4.5MPa, and the temperature of hot water is 85 ℃; the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge are introduced into a sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 to be pyrolyzed to obtain pyrolysis gas, the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 550 ℃, the working pressure is-75 Pa, the concentration of oxygen in the furnace is controlled to be 4%, the pyrolyzed oil sludge residue is discharged through a discharge unit 100, the pyrolysis gas is condensed through a condensation separation unit 110 to obtain non-condensable gas and condensate, the condensate is introduced into an oil-water separation unit 120 to be subjected to oil-water separation to obtain mineral oil, and the non-condensable gas is introduced into a non-condensable gas treatment unit 130 to be subjected to incineration treatment.
Example 2
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the surface load of the sludge solids in the first sludge storage tank 10 and the second sludge storage tank 50 is 25kg/m2And d, effective water depth 3 m.
Example 3
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the surface load of the sludge solids in the first sludge storage tank 10 and the second sludge storage tank 50 is 80kg/m2D, effective water depth 4.5 m.
Example 4
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the frequency of ultrasonic demulsification is 20kHz, and the unit volume power is 25kW/m3。
Example 5
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the frequency of ultrasonic demulsification is 60kHz, and the unit volume power is 200kW/m3。
Example 6
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the gas-water ratio of the flotation unit is controlled to be 3: 1.
Example 7
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the gas-water ratio of the flotation unit is controlled at 15: 1.
Example 8
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the centrifugal speed of the three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge is controlled at 1500 rpm.
Example 9
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the centrifugal speed of the three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge is controlled at 3500 rpm.
Example 10
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the drying treatment has a working pressure of 0.6MPa and a hot water temperature of 80 ℃.
Example 11
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the drying treatment has the working pressure of 5MPa and the hot water temperature of 90 ℃.
Example 12
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 450 ℃, the working pressure is-100 Pa, and the oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled at 3 percent.
Example 13
The difference between the treatment method of the oily sludge in the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:
the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace is 650 ℃, the working pressure is-50 Pa, and the oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled at 5%.
Example 14
The treatment method of the oily sludge comprises the following steps:
introducing the oily sludge into a first sludge storage tank10 to obtain a first pretreatment product, and 70kg/m of sludge solid surface load of the first sludge storage tank 10 is taken2D, enabling the effective water depth to be 2m, introducing the first pretreatment product into an ultrasonic demulsification separation device 20 for demulsification treatment to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product, wherein the ultrasonic demulsification frequency is 10kHz, and the unit volume power is 20kW/m3Controlling the ultrasonic irradiation time within 1.5h, controlling the gas-water ratio of a flotation unit to be 2:1, introducing the first oil-phase product into centrifugal separation equipment 30 for centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a second water-phase product, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge, wherein the centrifugal separation equipment 30 is a three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge, the centrifugal rotation speed of the three-phase horizontal screw centrifuge is controlled to be 1000rpm, and the first water-phase product and the second water-phase product jointly form sewage to be treated; introducing the sewage to be treated into a sewage biochemical treatment system 40 for biochemical treatment to obtain chemical sludge, introducing the chemical sludge into a second sludge storage tank 50 for concentration and dehydration to obtain a second pretreatment product, and taking 70kg/m of sludge solid surface load of the second sludge storage tank 502D, the effective water depth is 2m, the second pretreatment product is dried by a drying device 60 to obtain dried sludge, the working pressure of the low-temperature vacuum drying device is 6MPa, and the temperature of hot water is 100 ℃; the method comprises the steps of introducing dehydrated oil sludge and dried sludge into a sludge pyrolysis furnace 80 for pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis gas, controlling the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis furnace at 400 ℃, the working pressure at-25 Pa, controlling the concentration of oxygen in the furnace at 2%, discharging pyrolyzed oil sludge residues through a discharge unit 100, condensing the pyrolysis gas through a condensation separation unit 110 to obtain non-condensable gas and condensate, introducing the condensate into an oil-water separation unit 120 for oil-water separation to obtain mineral oil, and introducing the non-condensable gas into a non-condensable gas treatment unit 130 for incineration treatment.
In the above examples 1 to 14, typical refined sludge produced by a petrochemical company in China was used as a treatment target, and the properties of the sludge are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sludge classification | Oil content (%) | Water content (%) | Total liquid content (%) | Solid content (%) |
| Bottom mud of oil separation tank | 8 | 88 | 96 | 4 |
| Scum of air floatation device | 5 | 92 | 97 | 3 |
| Chemical sludge | 0.2 | 99 | 99.2 | 0.8 |
The results of the tests on the product of the refined sludge treated by the method of example 1 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
The test results of the product obtained after the refined sludge is treated by the treatment method of example 2 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
From the above table, it can be seen that the control parameters of the reaction conditions of each unit are controlled within the above preferred ranges, the liquid content of the oil-containing sludge after being treated by the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit can be reduced to below 65%, the mineral oil can be effectively recovered, and the water content of the chemical sludge after being treated by the biochemical-drying treatment unit can be reduced to below 40%.
Also, the test results after refining "three slimes" by the above-mentioned treatment methods of examples 1 to 13 and comparative example 1 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Comparing examples 1-13 with example 14, it can be seen that the treatment system of the present invention is adopted to treat the oil-containing sludge, and the process conditions are continuously optimized, after the oil-containing sludge is treated by the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit, the liquid content can be reduced to below 65%, and the recovery rate of the mineral oil can reach above 60%; after the chemical sludge is treated by the biochemical-drying treatment unit, the water content is reduced to below 40 percent.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
(1) after the oily sludge is treated by the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit, the liquid content is reduced from 96% to below 65%, and the recovery rate of mineral oil is more than 60%;
(2) after the chemical sludge is treated by the biochemical-drying treatment unit, the water content is reduced from 96% to below 40%;
(3) the two types of sludge after the quality separation treatment are mixed and enter a sludge pyrolysis unit for resource treatment, so that the total liquid content is ensured to be lower than 50%, the feeding requirement of a pyrolysis device is met, the problems of wall adhesion, blockage, insufficient pyrolysis and the like frequently caused by the sludge pyrolysis unit for treating high-liquid-content materials are avoided, and the continuous and stable operation of the pyrolysis device is facilitated;
(4) the sludge enters a sludge pyrolysis furnace, heavy crude oil and non-volatile organic matters in the sludge are converted into substances such as coke, the treated residue mainly contains inorganic carbon, the organic matters are completely mineralized, the reduction rate of the treated residue is more than or equal to 90%, the oil content is less than 0.5%, the water content is less than 1%, pathogenic bacteria are completely killed, the recovery rate of the crude oil is more than or equal to 85%, and the reduction of refined three-sludge and the recycling treatment of oil products are synchronously realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A system for treating oily sludge, comprising:
the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit is used for performing demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated;
the biochemical-drying treatment unit is communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and is used for sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated so as to obtain dried sludge;
and the sludge pyrolysis unit is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
2. A treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the oily sludge comprises bottom sludge from an oil separation tank (01) and/or scum from an air flotation device (02).
3. The processing system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the demulsification-centrifugation unit comprises:
a first sludge storage tank (10) for concentrating and dewatering the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product;
the ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20) is communicated with the first sludge storage tank (10) and is used for performing demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product, wherein the water phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first water phase product, and the oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment is a first oil phase product;
the centrifugal separation equipment (30) is communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20) and is used for carrying out centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil-phase product, the water-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is a second water-phase product, the oil-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is mineral oil, and the solid-phase product subjected to centrifugal separation treatment is the dehydrated oil sludge;
the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form the sewage to be treated.
4. The treatment system of claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20) comprises:
the ultrasonic transducer is used for irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product;
and the oil-water separation assembly is communicated with the ultrasonic transducer and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after irradiation oscillation so as to obtain the first water phase product and the first oil phase product.
5. A processing system according to claim 3, wherein the centrifugal separation device (30) is a three-phase decanter centrifuge.
6. The processing system of claim 3, wherein the biochemical-drying processing unit comprises:
the sewage biochemical treatment system (40) is respectively communicated with the ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20) and the centrifugal separation equipment (30) and is used for carrying out biochemical treatment on the first water-phase product and the second water-phase product to obtain chemical sludge;
the second sludge storage tank (50) is communicated with the sewage biochemical treatment system (40) and is used for concentrating and dehydrating the chemical sludge to obtain a second pretreatment product;
and the drying equipment (60) is communicated with the second sludge storage tank (50) and is used for drying the second pretreatment product to obtain the dried sludge.
7. The treatment system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the sludge pyrolysis unit comprises:
a sludge pyrolysis furnace (80) which is respectively communicated with the demulsification-centrifugal separation unit and the biochemical-drying treatment unit and is used for pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge to obtain pyrolysis gas;
the condensation separation unit (110) is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace (80) and is used for condensing the pyrolysis gas to obtain non-condensable gas and condensate;
and the oil-water separation unit (120) is communicated with the pyrolysis gas condensation separation unit (110) and is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the condensate to obtain mineral oil.
8. The treatment system of claim 7, wherein the sludge pyrolysis unit further comprises:
an inert gas protection unit (90) communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace (80) and used for providing inert gas into the sludge pyrolysis furnace (80);
and the discharge unit (100) is communicated with the sludge pyrolysis furnace (80) and is used for discharging the oil sludge residue after pyrolysis.
9. The treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the sludge pyrolysis unit further comprises a non-condensable gas treatment unit (130), the non-condensable gas treatment unit (130) being in communication with the condensation separation unit (110).
10. A treatment method of oily sludge, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out demulsification treatment on oil-containing sludge, and carrying out centrifugal separation treatment on an oil phase product subjected to demulsification treatment to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated;
sequentially carrying out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated to obtain dried sludge;
and pyrolyzing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
11. The processing method according to claim 10, characterized in that with the processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the processing method comprises the steps of:
introducing the oily sludge into a demulsification-centrifugal separation unit in the treatment system to perform demulsification treatment and centrifugal separation treatment on the oily sludge to obtain dehydrated oil sludge and sewage to be treated;
introducing the sewage to be treated into a biochemical-drying treatment unit in the treatment system so as to carry out biochemical treatment and drying treatment on the sewage to be treated in sequence to obtain dried sludge;
and introducing the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge into a sludge pyrolysis unit in the treatment system so as to pyrolyze the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge.
12. A treatment method according to claim 11, wherein the treatment system is the treatment system of claim 3, and the step of obtaining the dewatered sludge and the wastewater to be treated comprises the steps of:
introducing the oily sludge into a first sludge storage pool (10) of the treatment system to perform concentration and dehydration on the oily sludge to obtain a first pretreatment product, wherein the preferable sludge solid surface load of the first sludge storage pool (10) is 25-80 kg/m2D, the effective water depth is 3-4.5 m;
introducing the first pretreatment product into an ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20) to perform demulsification treatment on the first pretreatment product to obtain a first water phase product and a first oil phase product;
introducing the first oil phase product into centrifugal separation equipment (30) to carry out centrifugal separation treatment on the first oil phase product to obtain a second water phase product, mineral oil and dehydrated oil sludge;
the first water phase product and the second water phase product jointly form the sewage to be treated.
13. The process of claim 12, wherein the processing system is the processing system of claim 4, and the step of obtaining the first aqueous phase product and the first oil phase product comprises:
irradiating and oscillating the first pretreatment product by using an ultrasonic transducer in the ultrasonic demulsification and separation device (20), preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic demulsification is 20-60 kHz, and the unit volume power is 25-200 kW/m3The ultrasonic irradiation time is within 1.5 h;
and (3) carrying out oil-water separation on the first pretreatment product after irradiation oscillation by using an oil-water separation component in the ultrasonic demulsification separation device (20), preferably controlling the air-water ratio of the oil-water separation component to be 3-15: 1, preferably adopting a flotation process to strengthen the oil-water separation, and more preferably selecting the flotation process from any one of cavitation air flotation, dissolved air flotation and electro-flotation.
14. The treatment process according to claim 12, wherein the centrifugal separation device (30) is a three-phase horizontal decanter centrifuge, preferably the rotational speed of the centrifugal separation device (30) is controlled to be 1500-3500 rpm, preferably a flocculating agent is added at the inlet of the centrifugal separation device (30), more preferably the flocculating agent is polyacrylamide.
15. The treatment method according to claim 11, wherein the drying treatment is performed by a hot water drying method, and preferably the working pressure of the drying treatment is controlled to be 0.6-5 MPa, and the temperature of hot water is controlled to be 80-90 ℃.
16. The treatment method according to claim 11, wherein the dehydrated oil sludge and the dried sludge are introduced into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, preferably the pyrolysis furnace has a reaction temperature of 450-650 ℃, a working pressure of-100-50 Pa, and an oxygen concentration in the furnace is controlled to be 3-5%.
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| CN201811239428.6A CN111087140A (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Treatment system and treatment method for oily sludge |
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