CN111082699B - Non-sinusoidal period resonance piezoelectric vibrator - Google Patents
Non-sinusoidal period resonance piezoelectric vibrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111082699B CN111082699B CN201911282199.0A CN201911282199A CN111082699B CN 111082699 B CN111082699 B CN 111082699B CN 201911282199 A CN201911282199 A CN 201911282199A CN 111082699 B CN111082699 B CN 111082699B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02N2/0005—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing non-specific motion; Details common to machines covered by H02N2/02 - H02N2/16
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-sinusoidal periodic resonance piezoelectric vibrator, which consists of a matrix, a mass body, a U-shaped support, a supporting support, a bending support and piezoelectric sheets, wherein the two mass bodies with equal mass are respectively connected to the left side and the right side of the matrix through the U-shaped support and the supporting support with equal rigidity and the bending support with unequal rigidity, the two piezoelectric sheets are respectively stuck to the outer side surfaces of the bending supports at the two sides, the piezoelectric vibrator has two effective natural vibration modes of a first-order transverse vibration mode and a second-order transverse vibration mode, and the natural frequency ratio of the two vibration modes of the piezoelectric vibrator can be adjusted by changing the thickness ratio of the bending supports at the two sides to be 1:2 or 1: and 3, respectively exciting by adopting two piezoelectric sheets to generate sinusoidal resonance under two natural frequencies, so that the matrix of the piezoelectric vibrator synthesizes approximate sawtooth wave or square wave vibration under the resonance state. The invention has simple integral structure and convenient frequency matching, and is hopeful to be used as a key component to construct a novel piezoelectric power driving motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piezoelectricity, in particular to a non-sinusoidal periodic resonance piezoelectric vibrator.
Background
The piezoelectric vibrator utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material to generate micro-amplitude vibration of an elastic structure under the excitation of alternating voltage, and when the excitation frequency of the alternating voltage is consistent with the natural frequency of the vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator, the piezoelectric vibrator enters a resonance state, and the amplitude of high-frequency sinusoidal vibration is greatly improved, so that the piezoelectric vibrator has extremely strong power driving capability. Therefore, the piezoelectric vibrator working in the resonance state is widely applied to piezoelectric power devices such as an ultrasonic atomizer, an ultrasonic surgical knife, an ultrasonic motor and the like.
In recent years, various patent applications relate to piezoelectric vibrators having a non-sinusoidal periodic resonance function. Patent application CN106899229a, entitled "a resonant impact piezoelectric rotary motor", comprises a piezoelectric composite stator formed by a piezoelectric torsion circular tube, a metal circular tube and a metal sleeve, wherein the first-order torsional vibration natural frequency and the third-order torsional vibration natural frequency of the piezoelectric composite stator are adjusted by using the metal sleeve to satisfy 1:2, thereby synthesizing the approximate saw-tooth vibration in the resonance state. Patent application CN106602927a, entitled "a resonant square wave synchronous clamping piezoelectric linear motor", is equipped with frequency adjustment block and frequency adjustment hole at triangle shaped plate top, adjusts triangle shaped plate first order bending vibration mode frequency and second order bending vibration mode frequency and satisfies 1:3, thereby synthesizing the approximate square wave vibration in the resonance state. The novel piezoelectric motor expands the driving frequency of the traditional impact type piezoelectric motor and the inchworm type piezoelectric motor from a quasi-static frequency range to a resonant frequency, and the power driving capability is greatly improved.
The piezoelectric vibrator with the non-sinusoidal periodic resonance function is a key component for forming the novel piezoelectric power driving motor, however, the natural frequencies of two vibration modes of the piezoelectric vibrator need to meet a specific proportional relationship, the natural frequencies of the two vibration modes are difficult to meet the required proportional relationship under the traditional structure, and the adjusting structure and the matching method of the natural frequencies still remain the difficulty of the development of the novel piezoelectric power driving motor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a non-sinusoidal periodic resonant piezoelectric vibrator, which has two effective natural vibration modes, and can realize that the ratio of two natural frequencies satisfies 1 by a reliable natural frequency adjusting structure and a matching method: 2 or 1:3.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a non-sinusoidal periodic resonant piezoelectric vibrator, characterized by: comprises a matrix, a mass body, a U-shaped bracket, a supporting bracket, a bending bracket and a piezoelectric sheet;
the left side of the matrix is provided with a U-shaped bracket A, the mass body A is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket A through an inner supporting bracket A and an outer bending bracket A, and the outer side surface of the bending bracket A is adhered with a piezoelectric sheet A;
the right side of the matrix is provided with a U-shaped bracket B, the mass body B is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket B through an inner supporting bracket B and an outer bending bracket B, and the outer side surface of the bending bracket B is adhered with a piezoelectric plate B.
The mass body, the U-shaped support and the supporting support are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the matrix, the mass of the mass body A is equal to that of the mass body B, the rigidity of the U-shaped support A is equal to that of the U-shaped support B, and the rigidity of the supporting support A is equal to that of the supporting support B;
the inside of the matrix is symmetrically provided with hollowed-out through holes, and the mass of the matrix is adjusted to be 2-4 times of that of the mass body;
the rigidity of the bending support A is different from that of the bending support B, and the thickness of the bending support B is 2-6 times that of the bending support A.
In the invention, the piezoelectric vibrator has two effective natural vibration modes, namely a first-order transverse vibration mode and a second-order transverse vibration mode. Under the condition that the mass of the matrix is 2-4 times of that of the mass body, the thickness of the bending bracket B is adjusted to be 2-6 times of that of the bending bracket A, and the natural frequency ratio of the first-order transverse vibration mode to the second-order transverse vibration mode is 1:2 or 1:3.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the mass of the mass body A and the mass of the mass body B are equal, the ratio of the mass to the mass of the matrix is unchanged, and the rigidity of the structure is changed by adjusting the thickness of the bending bracket, so that the required natural frequency ratio is obtained, the natural frequency and the change trend of the ratio are clear, and the integral structure of the piezoelectric vibrator keeps compact structural size in the frequency matching process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first order transverse vibration mode of a piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second order transverse vibration mode of the piezoelectric vibrator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the natural frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the thickness ratio of the bending bracket;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the natural frequency ratio of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the thickness ratio of the bending bracket;
FIG. 6 is a waveform of a synthesized approximately sawtooth wave vibration in a resonance state of a piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a waveform of a synthesized approximately square wave vibration in a state of resonance of the piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a piezoelectric vibrator for non-sinusoidal periodic resonance includes a base body 1, a mass body 2, a U-shaped bracket 3, a support bracket 4, a bending bracket 5, and a piezoelectric sheet 6;
the left side of the matrix 1 is provided with a U-shaped bracket A3-1, the mass body A2-1 is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket A3-1 through an inner supporting bracket A4-1 and an outer bending bracket A5-1, and a piezoelectric sheet A6-1 is adhered to the outer side surface of the bending bracket A5-1;
the right side of the base body 1 is provided with a U-shaped bracket B3-2, the mass body B2-2 is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket B3-2 through an inner supporting bracket B4-2 and an outer bending bracket B5-2, and a piezoelectric sheet B6-2 is adhered to the outer side surface of the bending bracket B5-2;
the mass body 2, the U-shaped support 3 and the supporting support 4 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the base body 1, the mass of the mass body A2-1 is equal to that of the mass body B2-2, the rigidity of the U-shaped support A3-1 is equal to that of the U-shaped support B3-2, and the rigidity of the supporting support A4-1 is equal to that of the supporting support B4-2;
hollow through holes 7 are symmetrically formed in the base body 1, and the mass of the base body 1 is adjusted to be 2-4 times of that of the mass body 2;
the rigidity of the bending support A5-1 is different from that of the bending support B5-2, and the thickness of the bending support B5-2 is 2-6 times that of the bending support A5-1.
The specific working process and principle are as follows:
by the principle of Fourier transform, the waveform of non-sinusoidal period can be regarded as the superposition of fundamental frequency sine wave and higher harmonic wave thereof, such as sawtooth wave and Fourier transform of square wave can be respectively expressed as
Wherein A is the amplitude of sawtooth wave and square wave, and f is the frequency.
The novel piezoelectric power driving motor expands the driving frequency of the traditional impact type and inchworm type piezoelectric motors from a quasi-static frequency range to a resonant frequency, utilizes a plurality of inherent vibration modes of the piezoelectric vibrator, synthesizes approximate sawtooth waves or approximate square waves in a resonant state, and improves the driving frequency and amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator, thereby greatly improving the power driving capability of the piezoelectric motor.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the piezoelectric vibrator has two effective natural vibration modes, namely a first-order transverse vibration mode diagram 2 and a second-order transverse vibration mode diagram 3. In the first-order transverse vibration mode, the vibration directions of the base body 1 and the mass body B2-2 are opposite to those of the mass body A2-1; in the second-order transverse vibration mode, the base 1 and the mass body A2-1 and the mass body B2-2 vibrate in opposite directions.
In the first-order transverse vibration mode, the bending bracket A5-1 has larger strain, so that larger resonance amplitude can be obtained by exciting the first-order transverse vibration mode by using the piezoelectric sheet A6-1; in the second-order transverse vibration mode, the bending bracket B5-2 has larger strain, so that larger resonance amplitude can be obtained by exciting the second-order transverse vibration mode by using the piezoelectric sheet B6-2.
The natural frequencies of the two vibration modes are related to the mass of the piezoelectric vibrator base body 1 and the mass body 2 and the rigidity of the U-shaped support 3, the supporting support 4 and the bending support 5, and the natural frequencies of the two vibration modes can be changed by changing the mass or the rigidity of each part of the piezoelectric vibrator, so that the ratio of the natural frequencies is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 4, when the mass of the base 1 is 3 times that of the mass body 2, the natural frequency of the first-order transverse vibration mode remains substantially unchanged as the thickness of the bending bracket B5-2 increases, and the natural frequency of the second-order transverse vibration mode increases rapidly. As shown in fig. 5, when the thickness of the bent bracket B5-2 and the thickness of the bent bracket A5-1 are equal, the natural frequency ratio of the two vibration modes is about 1.6, and as the thickness of the bent bracket B5-2 increases, the natural frequency ratio of the two vibration modes gradually increases, and when the thickness of the bent bracket B5-2 is 2.8 times the thickness of the bent bracket A5-1, the natural frequency ratio of the two vibration modes is about 1:2, and when the thickness of the bending bracket B5-2 is 5.2 times the thickness of the bending bracket A5-1, the natural frequency ratio of the two vibration modes is about 1:3. when the mass of the base body 1 is 2-4 times of the mass body 2, the thickness of the bending bracket B5-2 is adjusted to be 2-6 times of the thickness of the bending bracket A5-1, and the natural frequency ratio of the first-order transverse vibration mode to the second-order transverse vibration mode is 1:2 or 1:3.
as shown in fig. 6, the natural frequency of the first-order transverse vibration mode is f, the natural frequency of the second-order transverse vibration mode is 2f, the piezoelectric plate A6-1 applies a sinusoidal voltage with f frequency, the substrate 1 generates sinusoidal vibration with x amplitude and f frequency, the piezoelectric plate B6-2 applies a sinusoidal voltage with 2f frequency, and the substrate 1 generates sinusoidal vibration with x/2 amplitude and 2f frequency, so that when the piezoelectric plate A6-1 and the piezoelectric plate B6-2 apply the voltages at the same time, the sinusoidal vibration with two frequencies of the substrate 1 synthesizes approximately sawtooth wave resonance.
As shown in fig. 7, the natural frequency of the first-order transverse vibration mode is f, the natural frequency of the second-order transverse vibration mode is 3f, the piezoelectric plate A6-1 applies a sinusoidal voltage with f frequency, the substrate 1 generates sinusoidal vibration with x amplitude and f frequency, the piezoelectric plate B6-2 applies a sinusoidal voltage with 3f frequency, and the substrate 1 generates sinusoidal vibration with x/3 amplitude and 3f frequency, so that when the piezoelectric plate A6-1 and the piezoelectric plate B6-2 apply the voltages at the same time, the sinusoidal vibration with two frequencies of the substrate 1 synthesizes approximately square wave resonance.
Claims (1)
1. A non-sinusoidal periodic resonant piezoelectric vibrator, characterized by: comprises a matrix, a mass body, a U-shaped bracket, a supporting bracket, a bending bracket and a piezoelectric sheet;
the left side of the matrix is provided with a U-shaped bracket A, the mass body A is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket A through an inner supporting bracket A and an outer bending bracket A, and the outer side surface of the bending bracket A is adhered with a piezoelectric sheet A;
the right side of the matrix is provided with a U-shaped bracket B, the mass body B is connected with two arms of the U-shaped bracket B through an inner supporting bracket B and an outer bending bracket B, and the outer side surface of the bending bracket B is stuck with a piezoelectric sheet B;
the mass body, the U-shaped support and the supporting support are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the matrix, the mass of the mass body A is equal to that of the mass body B, the rigidity of the U-shaped support A is equal to that of the U-shaped support B, and the rigidity of the supporting support A is equal to that of the supporting support B;
the inside of the matrix is symmetrically provided with hollowed-out through holes, and the mass of the matrix is adjusted to be 2-4 times of that of the mass body;
the rigidity of the bending support A is different from that of the bending support B, and the thickness of the bending support B is 2-6 times that of the bending support A.
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| JP2012151651A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-08-09 | River Eletec Kk | Piezoelectric vibrator |
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| US7157830B2 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2007-01-02 | Piezomotor Uppsala Ab | Near-resonance wide-range operating electromechanical motor |
| CN102495914B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-06-26 | 中南大学 | Design method of two-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric vibrator for realizing broadband response |
| CN103245409B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2016-12-28 | 中北大学 | MEMS biomimetic features vector underwaster sensor based on piezoelectric effect |
| CN203406804U (en) * | 2013-06-30 | 2014-01-22 | 浙江师范大学 | Cantilever-beam based longitudinal vibration piezoelectric generation apparatus |
| CN105262371A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州工业园区纳米产业技术研究院有限公司 | Broadband piezoelectric type MEMS vibration energy collector |
| CN105515442B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-12-12 | 国网江西省电力科学研究院 | A kind of mortar type piezoelectric harvester |
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