CN111081395A - Nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation - Google Patents
Nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111081395A CN111081395A CN201911407716.2A CN201911407716A CN111081395A CN 111081395 A CN111081395 A CN 111081395A CN 201911407716 A CN201911407716 A CN 201911407716A CN 111081395 A CN111081395 A CN 111081395A
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C11/00—Shielding structurally associated with the reactor
- G21C11/08—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and particularly relates to a nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation. The invention comprises a stepping type driving motor, a transmission gear set, a rotating frame, a heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, a fixed frame and an auxiliary fastener, wherein the driving motor is an execution unit of the whole system structure, is connected with the transmission gear set, acts by receiving an instruction of a control system, drives the transmission gear set to rotate, drives the transmission gear set to be connected with the rotating frame, and connects the rotating frame with the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate; the fixed frame is arranged at the bottom of the reactor container. The reactor core heat insulation and radiation heat dissipation device is arranged at the periphery of a reactor core, can realize the heat insulation and radiation heat dissipation of the reactor through the movement mechanism, integrates the heat insulation and shielding functions of the reactor, effectively simplifies the structure of the reactor and realizes the multipurpose application of the reactor core heat insulation and radiation heat dissipation device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and particularly relates to a nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation.
Background
The small nuclear reactor has the technical characteristics of no material change in a long life or even a whole life, high inherent safety, high power volume-weight ratio, simple and reliable system equipment and the like, realizes thermoelectric conversion by combining various advanced power generation technologies such as thermocouple power generation, thermoacoustic power generation, thermophotovoltaic power generation and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of underwater space stations, land emergency disaster relief, island power supply and seawater desalination, offshore energy exploitation, small city power supply and heat supply and the like as energy supply options.
In order to ensure the thermal efficiency of the reactor, a thermal insulation structure is generally arranged outside the reactor vessel to prevent the heat generated by the reactor core from leaking out, so that the available thermal power and the conversion temperature of the reactor are reduced, and the environmental condition of a system space is improved. The common heat insulation structure of nuclear reactors such as pressurized water reactors, which is currently used for engineering application, is mostly a fixed heat insulation layer structure, and the heat insulation layer can be divided into a heat insulation layer filled with heat insulation materials or a metal reflection type layer. The heat-insulating layer filled with heat-insulating materials is a heat-insulating structure used earlier and generally comprises a heat-insulating radiation-resistant glass wool felt, a thin stainless steel plate, a fastener and the like. The metal reflection-type heat preservation that later stage developed has utilized the specular reflection principle, through polishing the light to stainless steel thin slice surface, reflects the energy of leaking out outside the reactor core back, realizes good adiabatic effect. Different from the heat preservation layer filled with the heat preservation material, the metal heat preservation layer is reasonably arranged by utilizing the space, under the working condition of a serious accident, the heat preservation layer forms a specific annular flow channel outside the pressure container, so that emergency cooling water can enter the annular flow channel through a pipeline of an emergency cooling system to fully cool the lower end enclosure of the pressure container, steam generated due to cooling is freely discharged from the top of the annular flow channel, the lower end enclosure of the pressure container is prevented from being melted through by molten matters of a reactor core, and the consequence of the serious accident is relieved.
For the research of small nuclear reactors such as heat pipe reactors, a large amount of research is carried out by related research units at home and abroad, but the public reports are mostly macroscopic reports, and the structure of the nuclear reactor heat insulation system capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation, which is provided by the invention, is not described in detail.
Due to the specific lanthanide contraction characteristic of the rare earth elements, the rare earth elements can be used as a material matrix to develop a series of novel thermal barrier thermal insulation materials used under special working conditions, such as high-temperature-region rare earth-based thermal barrier coating materials (lanthanum, yttrium and gadolinium) matched with airplane blades and rare earth-based composite aerosol type excellent thermal insulation materials (thermal conductivity: 0.048-0.028W/(m.K)). In the nuclear field, samarium europium gadolinium among rare earth elements has very excellent radiation shielding ability, and particularly, the thermal (n, gamma) section of gadolinium, which is a rare earth element, is as high as 46000barn (the largest known element, high)10B，6One order of magnitude for Li); the zirconic acid-based titanate-based rare earth material has excellent radiation resistance, wherein the most representative radiation resistance theoretical calculation value of gadolinium erbium zirconate reaches 3 ten thousand years.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows:
aiming at the multipurpose and multifunctional requirements of a small nuclear reactor, the invention provides a nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation heat dissipation, which is arranged at the periphery of a reactor core, can realize heat preservation, heat insulation and radiation heat dissipation of the reactor through a movement mechanism, and simultaneously adopts a novel material integrating heat insulation and shielding to realize the radiation shielding function of a system structure, integrates the heat insulation and shielding functions of the reactor, effectively simplifies the reactor structure and realizes the multipurpose application of the invention.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation heat dissipation comprises a stepping type driving motor, a transmission gear set, a rotating frame, a heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, a fixed frame and an auxiliary fastener, wherein the driving motor is an execution unit of the whole system structure and is connected with the transmission gear set, and acts by receiving an instruction of a control system to drive the transmission gear set to rotate; the fixed frame is arranged at the bottom of the reactor container.
The transmission gear set is a cylindrical straight tooth or a conical straight tooth.
The transmission gear set is connected with the driving motor and the rotating frame to control the closing and the opening of the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate.
The materials of the rotating frame, the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate and the fixing frame are all rare earth heat collection and shielding materials.
The rotating frame comprises a base, a rolling body, a gearwheel, a bearing, limiting blocks and a fastening piece, wherein the base is fixedly installed on the reactor vessel through the fastening piece, the rolling body is installed in an annular arc groove of the base, the gearwheel is arranged on the upper part of the rolling body, the gearwheel groove is installed on the reactor vessel, and the plurality of limiting blocks limit the gearwheel; a limiting block is arranged on the wall of the reactor container to limit the moving distance of the large gear, and the transmission gear group can drive the large gear to rotate to drive the gear arranged on the heat insulation shielding arc plate to rotate, so that the heat insulation shielding arc plate is closed and opened.
The distance between the lower end face of the limiting block and the upper end face of the large gear is 1 +/-0.2 mm.
The heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate is of a fan-ring straight plate type structure, and adopts a heat insulation shielding material, a solid structure or a hollow structure; the rotating axis of the heat-insulation shielding arc plate leans against one side of the reactor container when being opened; the device comprises an arc-shaped plate, wherein matching lapping surfaces are arranged on two sides of the arc-shaped plate, and the lapping mode is oblique plane contact or step contact; a shaft shoulder and a shaft are arranged at the upper part of the arc-shaped plate and used for positioning and mounting a bearing, and a transmission gear at the uppermost part is used for realizing the rotation of the arc-shaped plate under the driving of the large gear; the lower part of the arc-shaped plate is provided with a shaft shoulder, the shaft is used for positioning and installing the bottom of the bearing and is provided with a limit key for limiting the maximum rotating angle and the direction of the arc-shaped plate.
The fixing frame is of an annular structure and is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reactor container, the inner part of the fixing frame is provided with an installation positioning hole and a movement limiting hole of the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, and a bearing is arranged in the movement limiting hole.
When the system structure is installed and the reactor is in a normal operation state, a plurality of heat-insulating shielding arc plates form a complete circular ring to form a closed state, so that the heat-insulating and shielding functions of the reactor are realized; when the reactor is in a serious accident state and needs to be immediately cooled, the control system sends an instruction to the driving motor, the driving motor is put into work to drive the transmission gear set to drive the large gear of the rotating frame to push the heat-insulating shielding arc-shaped plate to rotate until the heat-insulating shielding arc-shaped plate is in a holding state after reaching a specified position, so that the reactor container is exposed under the environmental condition to realize self heat radiation and heat dissipation; when the device is repaired and restarted, the driving motor receives the control instruction and reversely rotates to drive the heat insulation shielding arc plate to rotate until the closing is completed, and the heat insulation and shielding functions are recovered again.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation and heat dissipation is arranged outside a reactor vessel corresponding to a reactor core and is formed by overlapping a plurality of straight arc-shaped plates; when the reactor normally operates, a plurality of heat insulation plates form a sealed cylinder shape and are matched with other structures to form a sealed space, so that the heat insulation function is realized; under the working condition of serious accidents, the heat insulation arc-shaped plate is turned over through the arranged movement mechanism, a reactor container is exposed, and radiation heat dissipation is realized;
(2) under the condition of realizing normal heat preservation and heat insulation, the reactor can effectively simplify the system configuration in a radiation heat dissipation mode under an accident through the overturning of the heat insulation structure, and meanwhile, if a novel heat insulation shielding material such as a rare earth-based material is adopted as a heat insulation main body material, the reactor structure can be greatly simplified, and the multi-scene and multi-purpose application of the reactor is favorably realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to describe the embodiments of the present invention, will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and that other drawings can be derived from the following drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus for thermal radiation heat dissipation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the turret;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the turret;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view I of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a second partial enlarged view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a thermally insulating shield arc;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the mount;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the fixing frame;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a thermal shield arc in a closed position;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an open position of the thermally insulating shield arc;
in the figure: 1-stepping drive motor, 2-transmission gear set, 3-rotating frame, 4-heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, 5-fixed frame, 6-reactor container, 7-reactor core, 31-base, 32-rolling body, 33-large gear, 34-bearing, 35-limiting block, 36-fastening piece, 41-transmission gear, 42-rotation positioning shaft, 43-shaft shoulder, 44-arc-shaped plate, 45-shaft shoulder, 46-rotation positioning shaft, 47-positioning key, 51-installation positioning hole, 52-movement positioning hole and 53-limiting groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments described herein without inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1: a nuclear reactor heat insulation device capable of realizing heat radiation heat dissipation comprises a stepping type driving motor 1, a transmission gear set 2, a rotating frame 3, a heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4, a fixing frame 5 and an auxiliary fastener, wherein the driving motor 1 is an execution unit of the whole system structure and is connected with the transmission gear set 2, the driving transmission gear set 2 is driven to rotate by receiving an instruction of a control system, the driving transmission gear set 2 is connected with the rotating frame 3, the rotating frame 3 is connected with the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4, the transmission gear set 2 is a bridge for connecting the driving motor 1 and the rotating frame 3, and through calculation and analysis, a proper transmission ratio is selected to control the closing and opening of the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4; the mounting bracket 5 is mounted at the bottom of the reactor vessel 6.
According to the arrangement requirement, the transmission gear set 2 can be selected from cylindrical straight teeth and also can be selected from conical straight teeth (bevel gears).
In order to realize good heat insulation shielding effect and simplify the reactor structure, the structural materials used by the rotating frame 3, the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4 and the fixing frame 5 are all made of novel rare earth heat collection shielding materials.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4: the rotating frame 3 is similar to a huge bearing and comprises a base 31, a rolling body 32, a large gear 33, a bearing 34, limiting blocks 35 and a fastening piece 36, wherein the base 31 is fixedly installed on the reactor container 6 through the fastening piece 36, the rolling body 32 is installed in an annular arc groove of the base 31, the large gear 33 is placed on the upper portion of the rolling body 32, the large gear 33 is installed on the reactor container 6 in a groove mode, and the large gear 33 is limited by the limiting blocks 35. In order to prevent the bull gear 33 from losing its position, a limiting block 35 is installed on the wall of the reactor vessel to limit the play distance of the bull gear 33, and the distance from the lower end face of the limiting block 35 to the upper end face of the bull gear 33 is (1 +/-0.2) mm. The transmission gear set 2 can drive the large gear 33 to rotate, and drives the gear 41 arranged on the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4 to rotate, so that the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 42 is closed and opened.
As shown in fig. 5, if the frequency of using the rotation function of the rotating frame 3 is considered to be small, in order to simplify the structure and the manufacturing cost, the rolling body 32 can be omitted, the rolling body directly rotates in a rail guide manner, and the motion friction resistance is reduced by coating the graphite lubricant commonly used for installing the nuclear power station main equipment.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7: the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4 is of a fan-ring straight plate type structure, is made of a novel heat insulation shielding material, and can be of a solid structure or a hollow structure according to engineering requirements. In order to ensure the heat insulation and shielding effect, the two sides of the arc-shaped plate 44 are provided with matching lapping surfaces, and the lapping mode can be oblique plane contact or step contact. In order to reduce the overall dimension of the reactor as much as possible and ensure the application effect, the rotating axis of the heat-insulating shielding arc-shaped plate 4 is deviated to one side of the reactor container when being opened. In order to realize the positioning and movement of the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4, a shaft shoulder 43 and a shaft 42 are arranged at the upper part of the arc-shaped plate 44 for positioning and installing the bearing 34, and a transmission gear 41 at the uppermost part is used for realizing the rotation of the arc-shaped plate under the driving of the large gear 33. A shaft shoulder 45 and a shaft 46 are arranged at the lower part of the arc-shaped plate 44, and are used for positioning and installing the bottom of the bearing 34, and a limiting key 47 is arranged for limiting the maximum rotating angle and the direction of the arc-shaped plate.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9: the fixing frame 5 is of an annular structure, is installed and fixed at the bottom of the reactor container 6, is internally provided with an installation positioning hole 51 and a movement limiting hole 52 of a heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, and is internally provided with a bearing 34. The mounting positioning holes 51 are uniformly distributed on the circumference and are mainly used for mounting the fixing frame 5 on the flange of the reactor vessel 6 by fasteners. The upper step of the movement limiting hole 52 is used for mounting the bearing 34, and the lower part is provided with limiting grooves 53 with an expansion angle of 90 degrees, and all the limiting grooves 53 are positioned on the left side of the reactor vessel 6 when viewed from the external front view.
The working principle of the whole system structure is as follows: when the system structure is installed and the reactor is in a normal operation state, as shown in fig. 11, a plurality of heat-insulating shielding arc-shaped plates 4 form a complete circular ring to form a closed state, so that the heat-insulating and shielding functions of the reactor are realized; when the reactor is in a serious accident state and needs to be immediately cooled, the control system sends an instruction to the driving motor 1, the driving motor 1 is put into operation to drive the transmission gear set 2 and drive the large gear 33 of the rotating frame 3, as shown in fig. 12, the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4 is pushed to rotate until the reactor is in a holding state after the specified position is reached, so that the reactor container is exposed under the environmental condition to realize self heat radiation and heat dissipation; when the device is repaired and restarted, the driving motor 1 receives a control instruction and rotates reversely to drive the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate 4 to rotate until the closing is completed, and the heat insulation and shielding functions are recovered again.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a can realize radiating nuclear reactor heat-proof device of thermal radiation which characterized in that: the device comprises a stepping type driving motor (1), a transmission gear set (2), a rotating frame (3), a heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4), a fixing frame (5) and an auxiliary fastener, wherein the driving motor (1) is an execution unit of the whole system structure and is connected with the transmission gear set (2), the driving transmission gear set (2) is driven to rotate by receiving an instruction of a control system to act, the driving transmission gear set (2) is connected with the rotating frame (3), and the rotating frame (3) is connected with the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4); the fixed frame (5) is arranged at the bottom of the reactor container (6).
2. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission gear set (2) is a cylindrical straight tooth or a conical straight tooth.
3. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 2, wherein: the transmission gear set (2) is connected with the driving motor (1) and the rotating frame (3) and controls the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) to be closed and opened.
4. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 3, wherein: the materials of the rotating frame (3), the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) and the fixing frame (5) are all rare earth heat collection and heat insulation shielding materials.
5. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating frame (3) comprises a base (31), rolling bodies (32), large gears (33), bearings (34), limiting blocks (35) and fasteners (36), the base (31) is fixedly installed on the reactor container (6) through the fasteners (36), the rolling bodies (32) are installed in annular arc grooves of the base (31), the large gears (33) are placed on the upper portions of the rolling bodies (32), the large gears (33) are installed on the reactor container (6) in grooves, and the large gears (33) are limited by the limiting blocks (35); a limiting block (35) is arranged on the wall of the reactor container to limit the play distance of the large gear (33), and the transmission gear set (2) can drive the large gear (33) to rotate to drive a gear (41) arranged on the heat insulation shielding arc plate (4) to rotate so as to realize the closing and opening of the heat insulation shielding arc plate (42).
6. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between the lower end face of the limiting block (35) and the upper end face of the large gear (33) is 1 +/-0.2 mm.
7. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) is of a fan-ring straight plate type structure, and adopts a heat insulation shielding material, a solid structure or a hollow structure; the rotating axis of the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) leans against one side of the reactor container when being opened; the device comprises an arc-shaped plate (44), wherein matching lapping surfaces are arranged on two sides of the arc-shaped plate (44), and the lapping mode is oblique plane contact or step contact; a shaft shoulder (43) and a shaft (42) are arranged at the upper part of the arc-shaped plate (44) and used for positioning and mounting the bearing (34), and a transmission gear (41) at the uppermost part is used for realizing the rotation of the arc-shaped plate under the driving of the large gear (33); the lower part of the arc-shaped plate (44) is provided with a shaft shoulder (45) and a shaft (46) which are used for positioning and installing the bottom of the bearing (34) and are provided with a limiting key (47) which is used for limiting the maximum rotating angle and the direction of the arc-shaped plate.
8. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing frame (5) is of an annular structure, is fixedly installed at the bottom of the reactor container (6), is internally provided with an installation positioning hole (51) and a movement limiting hole (52) of a heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate, and is internally provided with a bearing (34) in the movement limiting hole (52).
9. A nuclear reactor thermal insulation apparatus capable of thermal radiation heat dissipation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: when the system structure is installed and the reactor is in a normal operation state, a plurality of heat-insulating shielding arc plates (4) form a complete ring shape to form a closed state, so that the heat preservation and shielding functions of the reactor are realized; when the reactor is in a serious accident state and needs to be immediately cooled, a control system sends an instruction to a driving motor (1), the driving motor (1) is put into operation to drive a transmission gear set (2) to drive a large gear (33) of a rotating frame (3), and a heat insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) is pushed to rotate until the reactor is in a holding state after being positioned at a specified position, so that a reactor container is exposed under an environmental condition to realize self heat radiation and heat dissipation; when the device is repaired and restarted, the driving motor (1) receives a control instruction and rotates reversely to drive the heat-insulation shielding arc-shaped plate (4) to rotate until the closing is completed, and the heat-insulation and shielding functions are recovered again.
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