CN111077418B - Virtual experiment system and method for simulating breakdown voltage of non-uniform electric field - Google Patents
Virtual experiment system and method for simulating breakdown voltage of non-uniform electric field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual experiment system and a virtual experiment method for simulating breakdown voltage of a non-uniform electric field, wherein the system comprises a pole tip-flat plate module, a voltage module and a breakdown display module, and the voltage module comprises a PC (personal computer) module, a voltage regulating module, a judging module and a display module. The method comprises the following steps: 1. forming a corresponding two-dimensional relation table, inputting the two-dimensional relation table into the system, and calling the system at any time during operation; 2. initializing a system, operating the pole tip-flat plate module, and generating a virtual electric field; 3. operating the voltage regulating module to gradually increase the voltage; 4. an operating voltage module; 5. an operation judgment module; 6. and operating a breakdown display module to display the virtual breakdown process. The invention does not need to invest physical high pressure and matched equipment, and has economical efficiency; the remote experiment is flexible enough, can guarantee the security of experiment, can break away from limits such as the high voltage grade and the insulation requirement of experiment place, physical equipment again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power system automation, and particularly relates to a virtual experiment system and method for simulating breakdown voltage of a non-uniform electric field.
Background
The power system comprises a plurality of electrical devices, and the power supply safety of the whole system can be threatened by the failure of some electrical devices. Therefore, detection test work needs to be carried out on the electrical equipment according to regulations, and safe operation of the power system is guaranteed. Electronic devices have the highest withstand voltage value that can be tolerated, and beyond this allowable value, the devices are at risk of failure and the components can be scrapped. Breakdown is the phenomenon of intense discharge or conduction of an insulating material under the action of voltage.
The most of the researches directly start from the scenes of high-voltage experiments, mainly virtualize each equipment module, show the experimental process by using an animation scene, and do not further virtually simulate the relationship between breakdown voltage and gap distance in the experimental process.
For high-voltage equipment, breakdown voltage test needs to be carried out on the high-voltage equipment, and the working voltage range of the high-voltage equipment is judged. Actually, a breakdown voltage test of high-voltage equipment needs to be equipped with a boosting device, safety measures and the like, which relate to a large amount of special electric high voltage and auxiliary equipment, are high in cost and are limited by the voltage class, the insulation requirements and the like of a test site and physical equipment. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a virtual experiment system and a virtual experiment method for simulating the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field are provided, and based on the principle of the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field, the virtual experiment system capable of visually displaying the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field is constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a virtual non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage experiment system and a virtual non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage experiment method.
The invention is realized by at least one of the following technical schemes.
A virtual experiment system for simulating breakdown voltage of a non-uniform electric field comprises a pole tip-flat plate module, a voltage module and a breakdown display module, wherein the voltage module comprises a voltage regulating module, a judging module and a voltage display module, and the pole tip-flat plate module, the voltage regulating module, the voltage display module, the judging module and the breakdown display module are sequentially connected; the modules are mainly realized through a PC module and a display;
the pole tip-flat plate module is used for simulating a virtual electric field between a pole tip and a flat plate of a real object and adjusting the distance between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate;
the voltage regulating module is used for regulating a virtual voltage value of a virtual electric field between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate and is divided into a manual voltage regulating mode and an automatic voltage regulating mode;
the voltage display module comprises an electric field line display module, a sound display module, a color display module and a digital display module; the electric field line display module displays the voltage by the density of the electric field lines; the sound display module displays the magnitude of the voltage by sound; the color display module displays the voltage by color; the digital display module directly displays the current voltage value by using a number;
the judgment module is provided with two stages of judgment statements built in the system, the first stage judgment statement determines whether the execution operation calling module or the interpolation module is executed, and the second stage judgment statement judges whether the environmental condition is the standard condition;
and the breakdown display module is used for displaying a picture of the virtual electric field being broken down, and the virtual electric field being broken down is prompted through an alarm.
Further, adjusting the distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate is divided into manual arbitrary adjustment and manual accurate adjustment; the implementation mode of manual arbitrary adjustment is that an experimenter directly drags the virtual pole tip or the virtual flat plate to control the distance between the virtual pole tip and the virtual flat plate;
the manual accurate adjustment mode has two kinds: the first method is to directly input the distance value required by the experiment; second initial value d of distance between virtual pole tip and inter-plate set from system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left or right mouse button or pressing +/-button on the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set as d at the initialization of the system1The step size is an arbitrary value, and assuming that the number of mouse clicks or +/-key presses is n, the distance d between the virtual pole tip and the plate is formulated as d ═ d0±n*d1。
Further, the manual voltage regulation mode is a virtual voltage initial value v set from system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left or right mouse button or pressing +/-button on the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set as v at the initialization of the system1The step size is an arbitrary value, and assuming that the number of times of clicking a mouse key or the number of times of pressing +/-a key is n, a virtual voltage value v of a virtual electric field between a virtual pole tip and a flat plate is formulated as v ═ v0±n*v1。
The automatic voltage regulation mode sets a virtual voltage initial value v during system initialization0Step size v1And a step interval time t, the step size and time interval being any suitable values, then the virtual pole tip and interplate virtual voltage value v is formulated as v ═ v0+v1*t。
Furthermore, the electric field line display module represents the voltage by utilizing the density of the virtual electric field lines and the quantity change of the virtual electric field lines, the virtual electric field lines are represented by a one-way arrow pointing to the virtual flat plate from the virtual pole tip in the system, and the larger the virtual voltage value is, the more the quantity of the virtual electric field lines is, the more the virtual electric field lines are dense; the sound display module expresses the magnitude of the voltage by sound, so that the larger the virtual voltage value is, the larger the sound volume is; the color display module expresses the voltage size through the shade of the color, the color of a one-way arrow of the virtual electric field line is set when the system is initialized, and the color of the arrow is darker when the virtual voltage value is larger; the digital display module directly presents a specific digital virtual voltage value in the system, and sets the number of bits after a decimal point is reserved when the system is initialized so as to improve the accuracy; the four voltage modules can be freely matched or run simultaneously, wherein the voltage formula expressions of the electric field line display module, the sound display module and the color display module are as follows:
Amount/volume/color＝input voltage*coefficient+base
the output voltage is a current virtual voltage value, coefficient is a constant-increment coefficient set during system initialization, base is an initial value of the number of virtual electric field lines set during system initialization, and the increment coefficient and the initial value are arbitrary values.
Furthermore, the judging module has two-stage system built-in judging statements, the first stage judging statement determines whether to execute the operation calling module or the interpolation module, and the second stage judging statement judges whether the environmental condition is the standard condition, namely the atmospheric pressure P in the standard atmospheric state00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3If not, executing conversion operation;
the first-stage judgment statement is data for judging whether the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate belongs to an actual experiment, the actual experiment data is obtained through actual measurement of an experiment platform, and if the distance belongs to the actual experiment, the calling module is executed to perform a second-stage judgment statement; if not, executing an interpolation module;
the second-stage judgment statement is arranged in the calling module, and the second-stage judgment statement is used for judging whether the setting of the system is a standard condition or not when the system is initialized, wherein the standard condition comprises a standard atmospheric stateAir pressure P00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3If so, executing operation of corresponding matched withstand voltage values in a two-dimensional relation table formed by data of corresponding relations between the pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage under the standard conditions, which are directly obtained from actual experiments recorded during system initialization, wherein the operation specifically refers to directly calling the original experimental withstand voltage values in the data table; if not, performing conversion operation, converting the virtual electric field withstand voltage value under the standard condition into the virtual electric field withstand voltage value under the current condition in real time, and displaying the virtual electric field withstand voltage value through the voltage module. Further, the scaling operation is as follows: breakdown voltage value U under standard condition0(kV) is external insulation discharge voltage in standard atmospheric state: u shape0＝Ub/Kd(kV)，UbThe pressure resistance value under non-standard conditions is shown, wherein the air density correction factor:
during conversion, the humidity correction index is 0 when w is taken, and the air density correction index is 1 when m is taken; average breakdown field strength Em＝U0D (kV/cm); atmospheric pressure P in standard atmospheric state00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3P represents the experimental ambient atmospheric pressure, and t represents the experimental ambient temperature.
Furthermore, the interpolation module calls a second-stage judgment statement and an interpolation method and a polynomial fitting method in MATLAB to obtain a fitting expression of the virtual pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage, and substitutes the fitting expression into the current distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate to obtain the virtual electric field withstand voltage value out of the actual experimental range.
Further, when the voltage regulating module is operated, the virtual voltage is gradually increased and rises to 95% of the withstand voltage value corresponding to the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the panel, and intermittent buzzing is sounded; when the virtual voltage value reaches the withstand voltage value, continuous buzzing is sounded as a breakdown alarm, and the voltage regulating module automatically stops at the same time, so that the virtual voltage is not increased any more; at the moment when the virtual electric field is broken down, the image animation of lightning appears on the system picture, and the phenomenon that the electric field is broken down is simulated.
The virtual experiment method for simulating the non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage virtual experiment system comprises the following steps of:
step 1, actually operating a power frequency discharge experiment of a non-uniform electric field gas gap to obtain data of a pole tip-plate distance and breakdown voltage corresponding relation under a standard condition, forming a corresponding two-dimensional relation table, and inputting the table into a voltage regulating module for being called at any time when a system operates;
step 2, initializing the system, operating the pole tip-flat plate module, and generating a virtual electric field;
step 3, operating the voltage regulating module to gradually increase the voltage;
step 4, operating a voltage module to always display the voltage;
step 5, operating a judging module, if the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate does not belong to actual experimental data, operating an interpolation module to obtain a withstand voltage value, otherwise, operating a calling module to obtain the withstand voltage value from a two-dimensional relation table recorded before the system operates;
and 6, operating the breakdown display module, and displaying the virtual breakdown process when the virtual voltage reaches a set withstand voltage value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has low cost: no need of physical high voltage and its corollary equipment.
2. The invention has high flexibility: the device can be remotely controlled, and the limitation of an experimental place is eliminated; the experiment mode is flexible, and the limitations of voltage grade, insulation requirements and the like of physical equipment are avoided.
3. The invention has high safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a virtual experiment system for simulating breakdown voltage of a non-uniform electric field according to the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The virtual experiment system for simulating the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field as shown in fig. 1 comprises a pole tip-flat plate module, a voltage module and a breakdown display module, wherein the voltage module comprises a voltage regulating module, a judging module and a voltage display module, and the voltage regulating module, the judging module and the voltage display module are mainly realized through a PC (personal computer) module and a display;
the pole tip-flat plate module, the voltage regulating module, the voltage display module, the judging module and the breakdown display module are sequentially connected and correspond to the connection relation of all components in the figure 2, as shown in the figure 2, a power switch K, a voltage regulator AT, an experimental transformer T, a current limiting resistor R and a pole tip-flat plate electrode gap G are sequentially connected in the figure, a capacitive voltage divider C is connected with the pole tip-flat plate electrode gap in parallel, V is an electrostatic voltmeter, and the system can truly restore an actual experiment and comprises but not limited to replacing components or changing equipment data. When initializing the system, various parameters may be set, including current temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure, and other environmental data.
The pole tip-plate module presents virtual pole tips and plates, provides virtual power supply, generates virtual voltage, and then generates a virtual electric field. The distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate is adjustable and can be manually adjusted at will or manually adjusted accurately. The implementation mode of manual arbitrary adjustment is as follows: the distance between the virtual pole tip and the virtual flat plate is controlled by directly dragging the virtual pole tip or the virtual flat plate by an experimenter. The manual accurate mode of adjusting has two kinds, respectively: directly inputting a distance value required by an experiment; initial value d of distance between virtual pole tip and inter-plate set from system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left (right) key of the mouse once or pressing the + (-) key of the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set to be d at the initialization of the system1The step size may be any suitable value, and assuming that the number of clicks on the left (right) key of the mouse or the number of clicks on the + (-) key is n, the distance d between the virtual pole tip and the plate can be expressed by the formula, d ═ d0+(-)n*d1. Regardless of the adjustment method, the distance between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate is currently setThe values of (c) are all displayed on the right side of the virtual plate.
The pressure regulating module is divided into a manual pressure regulating mode and an automatic pressure regulating mode. The manual voltage regulating module is a virtual voltage initial value v set by system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left (right) key of the mouse once or pressing the + (-) key of the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set as v1The step size may be any suitable value (the rate of boosting is typically controlled to be 3% of the expected breakdown voltage value per second), and assuming that the number of clicks on the left (right) key of the mouse or the number of presses on the + (-) key is n, then the virtual voltage value v of the virtual electric field between the virtual pole tip and the plate can be formulated, where v is v0+(-)n*v1. The automatic voltage regulation mode is that a virtual voltage initial value v is set when the system is initialized0Step size v1And the time t, step size and time interval per step interval may be any suitable values, then the virtual pole tip and interplate virtual voltage value v may be formulated as: v ═ v0+v1*t。
The voltage display module comprises an electric field line display module, a sound display module, a color display module and a digital display module;
the electric field line display module expresses the voltage by utilizing the density of virtual electric field lines, the expression of the virtual electric field lines in the system is a one-way arrow pointing to a virtual flat plate from a virtual pole tip, and the quantity change of the virtual electric field lines is expressed by a formula: the output voltage is the current virtual voltage value, coefficient is a constant-increment coefficient set when the system is initialized, and base is an initial value of the number of the virtual electric field lines set when the system is initialized, so that the larger the virtual voltage value is, the more the number of the virtual electric field lines is, the denser the number of the virtual electric field lines is, and the increment coefficient and the initial value can be any suitable values;
the sound display module represents the magnitude of the voltage by using the sound level, and the sound level change can also be expressed by a formula: since the volume is input voltage and coefficient + base, the larger the virtual voltage value is, the larger the sound volume is;
the color display module expresses the voltage by the shade of color, and the shade change of color can be expressed by the following formula: color of a unidirectional arrow of the virtual electric field line may be set when initializing the system, and the color of the arrow may be darker as the virtual voltage value is larger.
The digital display module directly presents a specific digital virtual voltage value in the system, and can set the number of bits after a decimal point when the system is initialized so as to improve the accuracy. The four voltage modules can be freely matched or operated simultaneously.
The judgment module is provided with two stages of judgment statements built in the system, the first stage judgment statement determines whether the execution operation calling module or the interpolation module is executed, and the second stage judgment statement judges whether the environmental condition is the standard condition;
the first-level judgment statement is used for judging whether the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate belongs to data in an actual experiment, Yes is an execution calling module, and No is an execution interpolation module. And a built-in second-stage judgment statement is arranged in the calling module, the second-stage judgment statement is used for judging whether the setting during system initialization is under a standard condition, Yes is used for executing the operation of calling the corresponding matched voltage withstanding value from a two-dimensional relation table formed by data of the corresponding relation between the pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage under the standard condition, which is directly obtained from an actual experiment recorded during system initialization, and No is used for executing conversion operation, and the virtual electric field voltage withstanding value under the standard condition is converted into the virtual electric field voltage withstanding value under the current condition in real time. The conversion process is as follows: the standard condition breakdown voltage value U0(kV) is the external insulation discharge voltage under the standard atmospheric condition: u0 ═ Ub/Kd(kV)，UbRepresents the pressure resistance value under the non-standard condition, wherein the air density correction coefficient:
air density correction factor KdGenerally equal to about 1, and for simplicity of operation, the air density correction factor KdDirectly taking 1; conversionThe time humidity correction index is 0 when w is taken, and the air density correction index is 1 when m is taken; average breakdown field strength Em＝U0D (kV/cm); atmospheric pressure P in standard atmospheric state00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3P represents the experimental ambient atmospheric pressure, and t represents the experimental ambient temperature.
The interpolation module calls a second-stage judgment statement and an interpolation method and a polynomial fitting method in an MATLAB system to obtain a fitting expression of the virtual pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage, and substitutes the fitting expression into the current distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate, so that the virtual electric field withstand voltage value out of the actual experimental range can be obtained.
The breakdown display module displays the phenomenon that the electric field is broken down when the voltage between the analog pole tip and the flat plate reaches the maximum value. When the voltage regulating module is operated, the virtual voltage is gradually increased to 95% of the withstand voltage value corresponding to the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the panel, and an intermittent buzzer of the alarm is sounded to remind a laboratory technician; when the virtual voltage value reaches the withstand voltage value, continuous buzzing is sounded as a breakdown alarm to inform, the voltage regulating module stops automatically, the virtual voltage is not increased, and at the moment that the virtual electric field is broken down, the image animation of lightning appears on a system picture to simulate the phenomenon that the real electric field is broken down.
The virtual experiment method for simulating the non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage virtual experiment system comprises the following steps of:
step 1, actually operating a power frequency discharge experiment of a non-uniform electric field gas gap to obtain data of a pole tip-plate distance and breakdown voltage corresponding relation under a standard condition, forming a corresponding two-dimensional relation table, and inputting the table into a system for the system to call at any time during operation. The two-dimensional relationship table of this example is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 two-dimensional relationship table
Step 2, initializing the system, operating the pole tip-flat plate module, and generating a virtual electric field;
step 3, operating the voltage regulating module to gradually increase the voltage;
step 4, operating a voltage module to always display the voltage;
step 5, operating a judging module, if the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate does not belong to the actual experimental data (namely the distance is 2-6 cm), operating an interpolation module to obtain a pressure resistance value, otherwise, operating a calling module to obtain the pressure resistance value from a two-dimensional relation table recorded before the system operates;
and 6, operating the breakdown display module, and displaying the virtual breakdown process when the virtual voltage reaches a set withstand voltage value (namely withstand voltage values corresponding to different electrode distances in the table 1). Initializing the system, operating the pole tip-flat plate module, changing the distance between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate, repeating the steps 1 to 6, and circularly operating the system.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A virtual experiment system for simulating breakdown voltage of a non-uniform electric field is characterized by comprising a pole tip-flat plate module, a voltage module and a breakdown display module, wherein the voltage module comprises a voltage regulating module, a judging module and a voltage display module, and the pole tip-flat plate module, the voltage regulating module, the voltage display module, the judging module and the breakdown display module are sequentially connected;
the pole tip-flat plate module is used for simulating a virtual electric field between a pole tip and a flat plate of a real object and adjusting the distance between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate;
the voltage regulating module is used for regulating a virtual voltage value of a virtual electric field between the virtual pole tip and the flat plate and is divided into a manual voltage regulating mode and an automatic voltage regulating mode;
the voltage display module comprises an electric field line display module, a sound display module, a color display module and a digital display module; the electric field line display module displays the voltage by the density of the electric field lines; the sound display module displays the magnitude of the voltage by sound; the color display module displays the voltage by color; the digital display module directly displays the current voltage value by using a number;
the judging module is provided with judging sentences built in a two-stage system, the first-stage judging sentences determine whether the execution operation calling module or the interpolation module is executed, and the second-stage judging sentences judge whether the set environmental conditions are standard conditions or not when the system is initialized;
the first-stage judgment statement is data for judging whether the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate belongs to an actual experiment, the actual experiment data is obtained through actual measurement of an experiment platform, and if the distance belongs to the actual experiment, the calling module is executed to perform a second-stage judgment statement; if not, executing an interpolation module;
the second-stage judgment statement is arranged in the calling module and is used for judging whether the setting of the system is a standard condition or not when the system is initialized, and the standard condition comprises a standard atmospheric state atmospheric pressure P00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3If so, executing operation corresponding to the matched withstand voltage value in a two-dimensional relation table formed by data of the corresponding relation between the pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage under the standard condition obtained by actual experiments recorded during system initialization, wherein the operation corresponding to the matched withstand voltage value specifically refers to directly calling the original experimental withstand voltage value in the data table; if not, performing conversion operation, converting the virtual electric field withstand voltage value under the standard condition into the virtual electric field withstand voltage value under the current condition in real time, and displaying the virtual electric field withstand voltage value through the voltage module;
the interpolation module is used for calling a second-stage judgment statement and an interpolation method and a polynomial fitting method in MATLAB to obtain a fitting expression of the virtual pole tip-plate distance and the breakdown voltage, and substituting the fitting expression into the current distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate so as to obtain a virtual electric field withstand voltage value which is not in an actual experimental range;
and the breakdown display module is used for displaying a picture of the virtual electric field being broken down, and the virtual electric field being broken down is prompted through an alarm.
2. The virtual experiment system for simulating the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment of the distance between the virtual pole tip and the plate is divided into manual arbitrary adjustment and manual precise adjustment; the implementation mode of manual arbitrary adjustment is that an experimenter directly drags the virtual pole tip or the virtual flat plate to control the distance between the virtual pole tip and the virtual flat plate;
the manual accurate adjustment mode has two kinds: the first method is to directly input the distance value required by the experiment; second initial value d of distance between virtual pole tip and inter-plate set from system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left or right mouse button or pressing +/-button on the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set as d at the initialization of the system1The step size is an arbitrary value, and assuming that the number of mouse clicks or +/-key presses is n, the distance d between the virtual pole tip and the plate is formulated as d ═ d0±n*d1。
3. The virtual experiment system for simulating non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manual voltage regulation mode is a virtual initial voltage value v set from system initialization0At the beginning, clicking the left or right mouse button or pressing +/-button on the keyboard once is regarded as a step length, and the step length is set as v at the initialization of the system1The step size is an arbitrary value, and assuming that the number of times of clicking a mouse key or the number of times of pressing +/-a key is n, a virtual voltage value v of a virtual electric field between a virtual pole tip and a flat plate is formulated as v ═ v0±n*v1；
The automatic voltage regulation mode sets a virtual voltage initial value v during system initialization0Step size v1And a step interval time t, the step size and time interval being any suitable values, then the virtual pole tip and interplate virtual voltage value v is formulated as v ═ v0+v1*t。
4. The virtual experiment system for simulating the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric field line display module is configured to represent the voltage by using the density of the virtual electric field lines and the number variation of the virtual electric field lines, the virtual electric field lines are represented by a unidirectional arrow pointing from the virtual pole tip to the virtual plate in the system, and the larger the virtual voltage value is, the larger and denser the number of the virtual electric field lines is; the sound display module expresses the magnitude of the voltage by sound, so that the larger the virtual voltage value is, the larger the sound volume is; the color display module expresses the voltage size through the shade of the color, the color of a one-way arrow of the virtual electric field line is set when the system is initialized, and the color of the arrow is darker when the virtual voltage value is larger; the digital display module directly presents a specific digital virtual voltage value in the system, and sets the number of bits after a decimal point is reserved when the system is initialized so as to improve the accuracy; the four voltage modules can be freely matched or run simultaneously, wherein the voltage formula expressions of the electric field line display module, the sound display module and the color display module are as follows:
Amount/volume/color＝input voltage*coefficient+base
the output voltage is a current virtual voltage value, coefficient is a constant-increment coefficient set during system initialization, base is an initial value of the number of virtual electric field lines set during system initialization, and the increment coefficient and the initial value are arbitrary values.
5. The virtual experimental system for simulating breakdown voltages of non-uniform electric fields as claimed in claim 4, wherein the scaling operation is as follows: breakdown voltage value U under standard condition0(kV) is external insulation discharge voltage in standard atmospheric state: u shape0＝Ub/Kd(kV)，UbThe pressure resistance value under non-standard conditions is shown, wherein the air density correction factor:
during conversion, the humidity correction index is 0 when w is taken, and the air density correction index is 1 when m is taken; average breakdown field strength Em＝U0D (kV/cm); atmospheric pressure P in standard atmospheric state00.1013MPa, temperature t020 ℃ and absolute humidity h 11g/m3P represents the experimental ambient atmospheric pressure, and t represents the experimental ambient temperature.
6. The virtual experiment system for simulating the breakdown voltage of the non-uniform electric field according to claim 5, wherein when the voltage regulating module is operated, the virtual voltage is gradually increased to 95% of the withstand voltage value corresponding to the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the current virtual plate, and an intermittent buzzer is sounded; when the virtual voltage value reaches the withstand voltage value, continuous buzzing is sounded as a breakdown alarm, and the voltage regulating module automatically stops at the same time, so that the virtual voltage is not increased any more; at the moment when the virtual electric field is broken down, the image animation of lightning appears on the system picture, and the phenomenon that the electric field is broken down is simulated.
7. The virtual experiment method for simulating the virtual experiment system of the non-uniform electric field breakdown voltage as claimed in claim 6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, actually operating a power frequency discharge experiment of a non-uniform electric field gas gap to obtain data of a pole tip-plate distance and breakdown voltage corresponding relation under a standard condition, forming a corresponding two-dimensional relation table, and inputting the table into a voltage regulating module for being called at any time when a system operates;
step 2, initializing the system, operating the pole tip-flat plate module, and generating a virtual electric field;
step 3, operating the voltage regulating module to gradually increase the voltage;
step 4, operating a voltage module to always display the voltage;
step 5, operating a judging module, if the distance between the current virtual pole tip and the flat plate does not belong to actual experimental data, operating an interpolation module to obtain a withstand voltage value, otherwise, operating a calling module to obtain the withstand voltage value from a two-dimensional relation table recorded before the system operates;
and 6, operating the breakdown display module, and displaying the virtual breakdown process when the virtual voltage reaches a set withstand voltage value.
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