CN111077171A - Adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device and dual-energy material distinguishing method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device and dual-energy material distinguishing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
-
- G01V5/22—
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device and a dual-energy material distinguishing method thereof, and belongs to security inspection equipment. The device comprises four parts, namely a pulse type ray source, a filter device, a flat panel detector and a control device. Wherein the filter device is fixedly arranged in front of the beam outlet of the pulse type ray source and filters low-energy rays through the rotation of the filter device. The invention adopts a pulse type X-ray source and a flat panel detector and applies an X-ray transmission imaging method, the imaging principle is that the pulse number of the pulse type X-ray source is controlled and a filter device arranged at the front end of the X-ray source is used, so that the same object to be detected is respectively subjected to transmission imaging by two X-rays with different energies, and then an equivalent atomic number of the object to be detected is obtained after algorithm processing is carried out on two imaging signals with different energies, thereby realizing material resolution and finishing the detection of objects including luggage, packages or mails.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to security check equipment, and particularly relates to an adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device and a dual-energy material distinguishing method thereof.
Background
There are two ways to distinguish contraband from X-ray projection images: 1. the shape of an object in the image, such as a dagger, a gun, etc., can be discerned from the shape; 2. the method has no relation with the shape of the object, and is more effective for organic matters in any shape, such as explosives, drugs and the like.
Most of the conventional portable security inspection equipment is single-energy X-ray security inspection equipment, and only can identify the shape of an object but cannot identify the material of the object; however, patent CN201510701589 needs to use a portable X-ray source capable of providing two different energies to realize the identification of object materials, and such a source can only be constant potential, but cannot be pulsed, and the constant potential X-ray source has the disadvantages of large volume, heavy weight, high manufacturing cost, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: an adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device and a dual-energy material distinguishing method thereof are provided to solve the problems involved in the background technology.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device, which comprises: the pulse type radiation source, the filter device, the flat panel detector and the control device.
The radiation source is an adjustable pulse radiation source and can emit X-rays with different pulse quantities;
the filter device is fixedly arranged in front of a beam outlet of the pulse type ray source and comprises a filter plate and a fixing piece for supporting and fixing the filter plate, and the fixing piece can rotate at the beam outlet along a pin shaft and filters low-energy rays through the rotation of the filter plate;
a detector capable of receiving image data of high-energy rays and low-energy rays;
and the control device is a portable notebook computer, is in signal connection with the pulse type ray source, the filter device and the detector, and controls the beam outlet and imaging of the pulse type ray source.
Preferably, the radiation source is one of gamma radiation, X-rays, or any number or combination of ionizing radiation sources.
Preferably, the signal connection may connect the pulsed radiation source and the flat panel detector via cables, respectively, or may connect via wireless communication signals.
Preferably, the filter uses a foil made of one of aluminum, lead, tungsten, copper, iron, antimony and nickel or an alloy material thereof. The invention also provides a dual-energy material distinguishing method of the adjustable pulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the number of single exposure light pulses in two states of a pulse type X-ray machine;
s2, calibrating the test bodies made of different materials by adopting dual-energy rays to obtain dual-energy imaging data of each test body;
s3, carrying out cubic spline interpolation according to low-energy and high-energy data of different materials, and fitting to generate a boundary curve of the substance;
s4, testing the detection body by adopting dual-energy rays respectively to obtain dual-energy imaging data of the detection body;
and S5, calculating the dual-energy R value of the object to be detected, and giving different colors to the substance areas with different R values for display.
As a preferred option, the selection is made
、
And
、
so that the radiation doses of the single exposures in the two states are approximately equal,
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
、
the pulse number in the low energy state and the low energy state respectively,
、
the attenuation coefficients of the filter device in the low-energy state and the low-energy state are respectively. As a preferred scheme, the test body is in a ladder shape with different ladder thicknesses and made of various materials, wherein the test body is made of carbon, aluminum, iron and copper.
As a preferred scheme, cubic spline interpolation is carried out according to low-energy and high-energy data of different test body materials, and a polynomial expression is carried out on a material classification curve through the high-energy and low-energy data
Fitting to obtain a boundary curve of the substance and generate a substance classification file; comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
respectively the light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray incident detector;
and
the emergent light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray sources respectively;
and
linear attenuation coefficients of the same substance under high and low energies respectively;
is the thickness of the material along the path of the radiation,
for fitting coefficients of a polynomial, for the same X-ray source and the same set of detectors, corresponding
Is constant.
As a preferred scheme, since the actual radiation source emits polychromatic spectrum X-rays, the intensity of the low-energy and high-energy signals received at the detector can be expressed by the following formula for polychromatic spectrum X-rays:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
,
for both low-energy and high-energy incident spectra,
is the linear attenuation coefficient of the s position in the ray casting direction of the energy E,
the highest energy of the ray.
As a preferable scheme, the correlation between the transmission thickness and the ray energy of different materials under the polychromatic X-ray, namely the dual-energy R value is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the transmission thicknesses of different materials are respectively used for the material transmission thickness of the object to be measured,
for fitting coefficients of a polynomial, for the same X-ray source and the same set of detectors, corresponding
Is constant.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to an adjustable impulse type flat portable X-ray inspection device, which adopts an impulse type X-ray source and a flat detector and applies an X-ray transmission imaging method, wherein the imaging principle is that the pulse number of the impulse type X-ray source is controlled and a filter device arranged at the front end of the X-ray source is adopted, so that two X-rays with different energies respectively carry out transmission imaging on the same inspected object, and then the two imaging signals with different energies are processed by an algorithm to obtain the equivalent atomic number of the inspected object, thereby realizing material resolution and finishing the inspection of objects including luggage, packages or mails.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the material step tools of the present invention.
The reference signs are: the X-ray source 1, the filter device 2, the flat panel detector 3, the cable 4, the notebook computer 5, the fixing ring 6, the filter plate 7, the fixing piece 8 and the pin shaft 9.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an adjustable pulse type flat panel portable X-ray inspection apparatus includes: the pulse adjustable X-ray source device comprises a pulse adjustable X-ray source 1, a filtering device 2, a flat panel detector 3, a cable 4 and a portable notebook computer 5. The portable notebook computer 5 is respectively connected with the pulse type X-ray source 1 and the flat panel detector through a cable 4, and controls the pulse adjustable X-ray source 1 to emit beams and form images through software. Wherein, the filter device is fixed in front of the beam outlet of the ray source through a fixed ring 6, and the filter plate 7 and the fixed part 8 thereof can rotate around a pin shaft 9. When the filter 7 rotates to a position close to the fixed ring 6, the filter 7 is positioned on the light path of the X-ray, the low-energy part of the X-ray beam emitted by the X-ray source 1 is filtered by the filter 7, and the high-energy data is received by the flat panel detector 3; when the filter segment 7 is in the position shown in fig. 2, the flat panel detector receives a low energy image. As shown in fig. 2, the lifting and lowering of the filter segments 7 is done manually.
For the convenience of detection, adopt motor automatic mode in this embodiment, then be connected with small-size servo motor at round pin 9 one end, drive filter 7 and its mounting 8 and can rotate around round pin 9 through small-size servo motor's rotation.
In further implementation, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the filter 7 is a foil made of one of metals such as aluminum, lead, tungsten, copper, iron, antimony, nickel, etc., one metal material alloy, or an alloy of multiple metal materials, and can be determined according to actual situations.
In a further implementation process, the fixed ring is connected with the ray source in a detachable connection mode. The installation of the filtering device is convenient, and the portability is improved.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the source of radiation in the present invention may be gamma radiation, X-rays or any number of sources of ionizing radiation. Such as X-ray transmission, X-ray backscatter X-ray CT, etc., forming a pulsed cone beam; the detector is a flat panel detector.
In the further implementation process, the signal connection among the pulse adjustable X-ray source 1, the filtering device 2, the flat panel detector 3 and the portable notebook computer 5 is not limited to the connection between the pulse type X-ray source and the flat panel detector through cables respectively, and can also be connected through wireless communication signals.
Firstly, the filter device 2 in front of the beam outlet of the X-ray source is lifted, and the number of single exposure light pulses of the pulse type X-ray machine is set
Collecting the intensity of X-rays
If the attenuation coefficient of the filter device which registers the lifted state is
The radiation dose of a single exposure at this time
Is proportional to
(ii) a Then putting down the filter device in front of the beam outlet of the X-ray source, and setting different pulse type X-ray machine single exposure pulse numbers
Intensity of collected X-rays
If the attenuation coefficient of the filter means in the down state is recorded as
And is provided with
The radiation dose of the single exposure is then proportional to
(ii) a Selecting
、
And
、
so that the radiation doses of the single exposures in the two states are approximately equal,
(examples of the embodiments)
、
）。
Since the filtering device filters a part of the low-energy X-rays, the average energy of the X-rays in step 2 is higher than that of the X-rays in step 1, hereinafter also referred to as low energy in step 1 and high energy in step 2.
And (3) carrying out material calibration: firstly, the filter device in front of the beam outlet of the X-ray source is lifted, and the pulse number of the X-ray machine is set
Placing a material testing body (the shape is schematically shown in figure 3) with step thickness between the X-ray source and the flat panel detector to obtain low-energy projection data of each material; then putting down the filter in front of the X-ray source and setting the pulse number of the X-ray machine
And obtaining high-energy projection data of each material. The method of lifting and lowering the filter device can be manually carried out or can be automatically carried out by a motor arranged on the filter device and controlled by software. The materials of the test bodies were carbon, aluminum, iron, copper, S (examples)
) Thickness of the step, dividing the image of each test body into C regions according to the thickness of the step (in the example)
) By using
Gaussian filter (example)
) Smoothing the region data, and calculating the mean value of each region to obtain the low-energy imaging data of each material step
And high energy imaging data
. Cubic spline interpolation is carried out according to low-energy and high-energy data of different materials, and a polynomial expression is carried out on a material classification curve through the high-energy and low-energy data
Fitting to obtain a boundary curve of the substance. If the high and low energy X-ray is approximated by a monochromatic spectrum, there are:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to fit the coefficients of the polynomial,
and
respectively the light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray incident detector;
and
the emergent light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray sources respectively;
and
linear attenuation coefficients of the same substance under high and low energies respectively;
is the thickness of the material along the path of the radiation exposure.
However, the actual X-ray source emits polychromatic spectra for which there are:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
,
for both low-energy and high-energy incident spectra,
is the linear attenuation coefficient of the s position in the ray casting direction of the energy E,
is the highest energy of the ray; here we aim to consider the correlation of the transmitted thickness of different materials with the energy of the radiation in a continuous spectrum, and not consider the case where there is an overlap of various objects in the direction of the radiation, and therefore
And
the calculation formula of (a) is rewritten as:
the detector value under the multi-color spectrum X-ray can be approximated to the equivalent energy spectrum under a certain single color spectrum, so that the method comprises the following steps:
order to
,
Then, then
(in the examples n is typically 3).
For the same X-ray source and the same group of detectors, corresponding
Is constant, the calculated R value is also relatively constant. And performing cubic spline interpolation on the obtained high and low energy data of the step thickness of each material, fitting to generate a material classification curve, and storing the data of the curve in a material classification file of matched software of the portable X-ray inspection device. The substance classification file does not need to be regenerated before each shooting; the material classification file only needs to be regenerated when the device is not used for a long time or is used too frequently, so that the beam energy spectrum of the X-ray source is drifted and changed.
Shooting a detected article: placing an object to be detected between a flat panel detector and a ray source, firstly lifting a filter device, emitting the pulse number of low-energy X-rays, and collecting low-energy data of the object to be detected; and then putting down the filter device to acquire the high-energy data of the object to be measured. And calculating the dual-energy R value of the object to be detected according to the obtained substance classification file, and giving different colors to substance areas with different R values for displaying.
The method comprises the following specific steps: lifting the filter device 2 at the beam outlet of the X-ray source, placing the object to be detected between the flat panel detector 3 and the pulse adjustable X-ray source 1, operating software in the portable notebook computer 5, and setting the number of single exposure pulses of the pulse X-ray source 1
And starts to emit beams, and meanwhile, the flat panel detector 3 receives X rays, converts the X rays into digital images and sends the digital images to the portable notebook computer 5, wherein the digital images are low-energy images of the object to be detected. Then, the filter 2 at the beam outlet of the X-ray source is put down, and the number of single exposure pulses of the pulse type X-ray source 1 is set
And the beam is output, and the flat panel detector 3 receives the high-energy image data of the object to be detected. The low-energy and high-energy images are processed by a substance classification algorithm in software to generate dual-energy images capable of distinguishing inorganic matters, mixtures and organic matters through colors. Different R's correspond to different equivalent atomic numbers, with lower equivalent atomic numbers having lower R values. On a software display interface of the portable X-ray inspection device, materials with relatively low equivalent atomic number (usually plastics, paper, wood and other non-metals, generally R is between 0.9 and 1.2) are displayed in orange, materials with medium equivalent atomic number (usually aluminum, glass and other light metals and heavy non-metals, generally R is between 1.3 and 1.5) are displayed in green, materials with high equivalent atomic number (usually iron, copper and other metals, generally R is between 1.6 and 1.9) are displayed in blue, and the display brightness of the materials is determined according to the gray value of a pixel point, so that a user of the device can directly observe the materials (namely equivalent atomic number) of the detected objects on the software interface.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (9)
1. An adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device, comprising:
the radiation source is an adjustable pulse radiation source and can emit conical X rays with different pulse numbers;
the filter device is arranged in front of a beam outlet of the pulse type ray source and comprises a filter plate and a fixing piece for supporting and fixing the filter plate, the fixing piece can rotate at the beam outlet along a pin shaft, and low-energy rays are filtered through rotation of the filter plate to form dual-energy rays;
a detector capable of receiving image data of high-energy rays and low-energy rays;
and the control device is a portable notebook computer, is in signal connection with the pulse type ray source, the filter device and the detector, and controls the beam outlet and imaging of the pulse type ray source.
2. The adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device of claim 1, wherein the signal connection is capable of connecting the pulsed radiation source and the flat panel detector via cables, respectively, and also capable of communicating wirelessly.
3. The adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device of claim 1, wherein the filter is a foil made of one or more of aluminum, lead, tungsten, copper, iron, antimony, nickel or alloys thereof.
4. A dual energy material resolution method for a tunable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, setting the number of single exposure light pulses in two states of a pulse type X-ray machine;
s2, calibrating the test bodies made of different materials by adopting dual-energy rays to obtain dual-energy imaging data of each test body;
s3, carrying out cubic spline interpolation according to low-energy and high-energy data of different materials, and fitting to generate a boundary curve of the substance;
s3, testing the detection body by adopting dual-energy rays respectively to obtain dual-energy imaging data of the detection body;
and S4, calculating the dual-energy R value of the object to be detected, and giving different colors to the substance areas with different R values for display.
5. The dual energy material resolution method of adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device of claim 4, wherein in the step S1, selection is made
、
And
、
so that the radiation doses of the single exposure in the two states are equal,
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
、
the pulse number in the low energy state and the low energy state respectively,
、
the attenuation coefficients of the filter device in the low-energy state and the low-energy state are respectively.
6. The dual energy material resolution method of an adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the test body is in a step shape with different step thicknesses of multiple materials, and the materials of the test body are carbon, aluminum, iron, and copper, respectively.
7. The dual energy material resolution method for an adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step S3, cubic spline interpolation is performed based on low energy and high energy data of different test body materials, and a material classification curve is polynomial-processed by the high energy and low energy data
Fitting to obtain a boundary curve of the substance and generate a substance classification file; comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
respectively the light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray incident detector;
and
the emergent light intensity of the high-energy and low-energy X-ray sources respectively;
and
linear attenuation coefficients of the same substance under high and low energies respectively;
is the thickness of the material along the path of the radiation,
for fitting coefficients of a polynomial, for the same X-ray source and the same set of detectors, corresponding
Is constant.
8. The dual energy material resolution method of an adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, since the actual radiation source emits polychromatic X-rays, the intensity of the low-energy and high-energy signals received at the detector can be expressed by the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
,
for both low-energy and high-energy incident spectra,
is the linear attenuation coefficient of the s position in the ray casting direction of the energy E,
the highest energy of the ray.
9. The dual energy material resolution method of adjustable pulsed flat panel portable X-ray inspection device of claim 4, wherein in step S5, the polychromatic X-ray spectrum transmits thickness and ray energy for different materials with relation to each other, i.e. the dual energy R-value is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the transmission thicknesses of different materials are respectively used for the material transmission thickness of the object to be measured,
for fitting coefficients of a polynomial, for the same X-ray source and the same set of detectors, corresponding
Is constant.
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| PCT/CN2020/089185 WO2021169039A1 (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-08 | Adjustable pulsed flat-panel portable x-ray inspection device and dual-energy material identification method using same |
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| CN112666186A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江啄云智能科技有限公司 | Material classification method of double-energy X-ray safety inspection equipment |
| CN113075086A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 苏州未艾视智能科技有限公司 | Wood chip detecting and screening device based on X-ray |
| WO2021169040A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-09-02 | 南京全设智能科技有限公司 | Filter device of adjustable pulsed ray source and portable x-ray inspection device |
| CN114113162A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Single-energy pulse X-ray photographing method for fragment cloud quality measurement |
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| CN114295652A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-08 | 武汉联影生命科学仪器有限公司 | Dual-energy filter and dual-energy CT |
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| US6285740B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-09-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dual energy x-ray densitometry apparatus and method using single x-ray pulse |
| KR101337339B1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-12-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | X-ray imaging apparatus and control method for the same |
| US10136868B2 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-11-27 | General Electric Company | Fast dual energy for general radiography |
| CN205015485U (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2016-02-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Detector subassembly and X -ray detector |
| CN108254394B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-09-01 | 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 | X-ray dual-energy detection method and system |
| AU2019314380A1 (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2021-02-18 | Xenselab Llc | System and methods for x-ray imaging and a contrast agent |
-
2020
- 2020-02-24 CN CN202010112479.3A patent/CN111077171A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-05-08 WO PCT/CN2020/089185 patent/WO2021169039A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021169040A1 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-09-02 | 南京全设智能科技有限公司 | Filter device of adjustable pulsed ray source and portable x-ray inspection device |
| CN112666186A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江啄云智能科技有限公司 | Material classification method of double-energy X-ray safety inspection equipment |
| CN112666186B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2024-03-15 | 浙江啄云智能科技有限公司 | Substance classification method of dual-energy X-ray safety inspection equipment |
| CN113075086A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 苏州未艾视智能科技有限公司 | Wood chip detecting and screening device based on X-ray |
| CN113075086B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2024-02-02 | 苏州未艾视智能科技有限公司 | Wood chip detection and screening device based on X-rays |
| CN114113162A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Single-energy pulse X-ray photographing method for fragment cloud quality measurement |
| CN114113162B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-09-01 | 西北核技术研究所 | Mono-energetic pulse radiography method for debris cloud quality measurement |
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