CN111075626B - Oil sprayer with variable spray holes - Google Patents
Oil sprayer with variable spray holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN111075626B CN111075626B CN201911316767.4A CN201911316767A CN111075626B CN 111075626 B CN111075626 B CN 111075626B CN 201911316767 A CN201911316767 A CN 201911316767A CN 111075626 B CN111075626 B CN 111075626B
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- oil
- containing groove
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- pressure
- oil containing
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 251
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a variable-orifice oil sprayer which comprises an oil spray nozzle and an oil sprayer main body, wherein the oil spray nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the oil sprayer main body, the oil spray nozzle comprises a needle valve base, an inner shaft needle and an outer shaft needle, a plurality of oil spray holes are uniformly distributed at the lower end of the needle valve base in the circumferential direction, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are arranged in an inner cavity of the needle valve base and form a first oil containing groove with the needle valve base, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are distributed in a crossed and horizontal shape, spherical bulges are arranged at the lower end parts of the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle and correspond to the oil spray holes one by one, and when the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle respectively ascend or descend, part of the oil spray holes are respectively controlled to be opened or closed. The oil injector with the variable spray holes provided by the invention meets the requirement of the engine on oil supply amount under different loads by changing the number of the spray holes, and achieves the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel injection, and particularly relates to a variable-orifice fuel injector.
Background
Since the 90 s in the 20 th century, the application of the electric control technology to the diesel engine is gradually increased, and the electric control oil injector can obtain higher combustion efficiency and reduce the emission of harmful substances.
The electric control oil injector determines whether to inject oil or not through the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, the length of the power-on time determines the quantity of injected oil, and the oil injection timing can be reasonably controlled. However, the continuous development of the combustion mode of the engine puts higher requirements on the electric control oil injector: 1. under the condition of small oil quantity, the opening time of the electromagnetic valve is short, and the control precision is poor. 2. The oil injection pressure is fixed, the oil injection quantity can be controlled only by adjusting the oil injection duration, and the requirements of low-speed small-load slow oil injection and high-speed large-load quick oil injection cannot be met.
In order to solve the problems, Chinese patent CN 203248299U discloses an oil nozzle for a small-bore swirl chamber diesel engine, wherein the oil nozzle comprises a needle valve and a needle valve body which are ground and matched for use, the flow area of the oil nozzle is controlled by designing the size of the needle valve and the size of the needle valve body, and the purpose of controlling oil injection pressure and oil injection quantity is further achieved, after the needle valve and the needle valve body are assembled, the maximum lift range of the needle valve in the needle valve body is 0.18-0.4mm, and the flow area is not more than 0.18mm at the maximum lift range of the needle valve2. Although the flow area of the oil nozzle can be changed, the flow area is determined by the vertical position of the needle valve, and the requirement on the vertical displacement precision of the needle valve is high.
Chinese patent CN 106762303A also discloses a hole type nozzle for controlling the injection stability of a commercial vehicle diesel engine when the oil amount is small, the oil nozzle comprises a needle valve and a needle valve body, the head of the needle valve consists of two steps, the height of the first step is 0.2-0.8 times of the maximum lift of the needle valve, the diameter of the first step is slightly larger than that of the second step, when the lift of the small needle valve is small, the annular flow cross section area between the head of the needle valve and the needle valve body in a pressure chamber is reduced, so that the area of the annular flow cross section area is smaller than that of a spray hole, and the accurate control of the fuel injection; the inner diameter of the upper part of the needle valve body is the same as the outer diameter of the needle valve and is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the needle valve to form an axial sealing surface of high-pressure fuel, and a cone at the lower part of the needle valve body and a boss at the head part of the needle valve form a sealing conical surface of an oil nozzle for controlling the injection of the high-pressure fuel; the outer diameter of the lower part of the needle valve body of the oil nozzle is between 11 and 13 mm. The invention ensures the injection reliability and dynamic property of large circulating oil supply quantity, improves the fuel flow property of the oil nozzle when the oil quantity is small, and improves the injection stability of the oil quantity, but the invention also has the problem of difficult control precision of the vertical displacement of the needle valve.
The two patents aim at the annular flow area between the needle valve and the needle valve body so as to control the oil injection rate and the oil injection quantity. Chinese patent CN 103362710A also discloses a variable-orifice electric control oil injector, the purpose of the invention is to provide the variable-orifice electric control oil injector, which comprises an electric control actuator part, an oil injection nozzle and an oil injector body, the electric control actuator part and the oil injection nozzle are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the oil injector body, the oil injection nozzle comprises a needle valve and a needle valve base, the needle valve is arranged in the needle valve base and forms an oil containing groove with the needle valve base, the lower end part of the needle valve base is sequentially provided with a main oil injection hole and an auxiliary oil injection hole from bottom to top, the lower end part of the needle valve is of a double-sealing surface structure and is sequentially provided with a conical sealing surface and a cylindrical sealing surface, the cylindrical sealing surface seals the main oil injection hole and the conical sealing surface seals the auxiliary. The invention is not only beneficial to controlling the injection of small oil quantity in the process of multiple injections, but also can combine the main injection with the boot-shaped injection, thereby improving the oil injection effect, improving the economical efficiency and the dynamic property of the engine, and meeting stricter emission regulations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a variable-orifice-number oil sprayer, which aims to solve the problems of the existing diesel engine such as the control precision of small oil quantity, the requirements of low-speed small-load and high-speed large-load diesel engines on oil injection quantity and oil injection speed and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the oil sprayer with the variable spray holes comprises an oil sprayer, an oil sprayer main body and an electric control device, wherein the oil sprayer comprises a needle valve base, an inner shaft needle and an outer shaft needle, the needle valve base is installed at the lower end of the oil sprayer main body, a plurality of oil spray holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the lower end of the needle valve base, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are installed in an inner cavity of the needle valve base, a first oil containing groove is formed between the inner shaft needle and the needle valve base, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are distributed in a crossed mode, spherical protrusions are arranged at the lower end portions of the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle and correspond to the oil spray holes one by one, the electric control device comprises a first electric control device and a second electric control device, the first electric control device controls the rising or falling of the outer shaft needle to open or close the oil spray holes corresponding to the outer shaft needle, the second electric control device controls the rising or, so as to open or close the oil injection hole corresponding to the inner pintle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oil sprayer with the variable spray holes, provided by the invention, adapts to the requirements of an engine on oil supply amount under different loads by changing the number of the spray holes, and when a small oil amount is sprayed, the porous oil sprayer opens part of the spray holes, so that compared with the condition that the spray holes are fully opened, the spray time is prolonged, the oil spray precision is easier to control, and meanwhile, when a large oil amount is required, the spray holes of the oil sprayer are fully opened, the oil spray time is saved, oil mist is fully evaporated and uniformly mixed, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved. Specifically, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are distributed in a crossed manner in a relatively-large-sized shape.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can further have the following specific selection or optimized selection.
Specifically, the oil nozzle further comprises a needle valve top seat, the lower end of the needle valve top seat is abutted against the upper end of the needle valve base, the needle valve top seat is cylindrical and is provided with a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the top end of the outer shaft needle are surrounded to form a second oil containing groove, the upper end of the inner shaft needle is higher than the upper end of the outer shaft needle, the oil injector main body comprises a guide column, a shell, a pressure relief ring and an armature, the lower end of the pressure relief ring is abutted against the upper end of the guide column, the guide column is provided with a first inner cavity, the upper end of the inner shaft needle penetrates through the first inner cavity and forms a third oil containing groove with the upper end of the guide column and the lower end of the pressure relief ring, the shell is circumferentially sleeved on the upper end of the oil nozzle, the periphery of the guide column, the periphery of the pressure relief ring and the periphery of the armature and forms a fourth oil containing groove with the upper end of the pressure relief ring, and, the oil inlet of the high-pressure oil passage is communicated with the high-pressure oil pump, the oil outlet of the high-pressure oil passage is communicated with the oil injection hole, the high-pressure oil passage is communicated with the first oil containing groove, the second oil containing groove and the third oil containing groove respectively, the oil outlet of the low-pressure oil passage is communicated with the low-pressure oil tank, and the low-pressure oil passage is communicated with the second oil containing groove, the third oil containing groove and the fourth oil containing groove respectively.
Specifically, the electric control device comprises a first electric control device and a second electric control device, the first electric control device controls the outer pintle to ascend or descend, and the second electric control device controls the inner pintle to ascend or descend. Specifically, the first electric control device controls the low-pressure oil passage facing the second oil containing groove to be opened and closed; the second electric control device controls the opening and closing of the low-pressure oil passage facing the third oil containing groove.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the invention designs an inner and outer shaft needle electromagnetic control structure at the same time. The opening and closing of the outer shaft needle are determined by an electromagnetic valve of the first electric control device, the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is a power-on state, at the moment, a valve core of the electromagnetic valve blocks a low-pressure oil duct, and high-pressure oil is filled in the second oil containing groove; if the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure oil duct is communicated, and low-pressure oil is filled in the second oil containing groove at the moment. The opening and closing of the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are determined by an electromagnetic valve of a second electric control device, the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is a power-on state, at the moment, a valve core of the electromagnetic valve blocks a low-pressure oil channel, and high-pressure oil is filled in a third oil containing groove; if the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure oil duct is communicated, and low-pressure oil is filled in the third oil containing groove at the moment. When the first oil containing groove, the second oil containing groove, the third oil containing groove and the fourth oil containing groove respectively contain high-pressure oil or low-pressure oil, the oil injection holes are further controlled to be opened or closed by controlling the ascending or descending of the oil injection holes through the pressure difference between the bottoms and the tops of the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle. Specifically, when the first electric control device and the second electric control device control to close the low pressure oil passage, the first oil containing groove, the second oil containing groove and the third oil containing groove respectively contain high pressure oil, and the fourth oil containing groove contains low pressure oil, at this time, the inner axial needle and the outer axial needle are pressed on the needle valve base, and at this time, oil is not injected; when the first electric control device is started and the second electric control device is closed, the second oil containing groove is communicated with the low-pressure oil passage, the pressure of the inner cavity of the second oil containing groove is reduced, the outer shaft needle moves upwards due to the pressure difference between the first oil containing groove and the second oil containing groove, and the corresponding 4 oil injection holes inject oil; when first electrically controlled device and second electrically controlled device all opened, the second hold the oil groove with low pressure oil route intercommunication, its inner chamber pressure diminishes, because the flourishing oil groove pressure differential of first flourishing oil groove and second leads to outer axle needle to upwards remove, the flourishing oil groove of third with low pressure oil route intercommunication, its inner chamber pressure diminishes, because the flourishing oil groove pressure differential of first flourishing oil groove and third leads to interior axle needle to upwards remove, eight this moment the nozzle opening all opens. The double-shaft needle structure effectively avoids the problem of control precision of the vertical displacement of the needle valve.
Specifically, even cloth in needle valve base lower extreme circumference has 8 the nozzle opening, the lower extreme tip equipartition of interior pintle and outer pintle has 4 the spherical bulge, work as when interior pintle and outer pintle descend, the spherical bulge seals the nozzle opening.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the oil injection holes of the oil injector can be set to be any number, the inner and outer spicules respectively control a part of the oil injection holes, the optimal number is 8, and the control is the easiest at the moment. The needle valve base is provided with 8 nozzle openings, a special double-shaft needle structure, wherein the outer shaft needle is nested outside the inner shaft needle, the inner shaft needle and the outer shaft needle are distributed in a relatively-rectangular shape, the head of each shaft needle is provided with 4 spherical protrusions which respectively correspond to 4 holes of the oil sprayer, and when the shaft needles are seated, the spherical protrusions linearly seal the spray holes.
Specifically, be equipped with the second spring in the flourishing oil groove of second, the lower extreme of second spring with the top butt of outer pintle, the upper end of second spring with the lower extreme butt of guide post. And a fourth spring is arranged in the fourth oil containing groove, the lower end of the fourth spring is abutted against the top end of the pressure relief ring, and the upper end of the fourth spring is abutted against the lower end of the armature.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the second spring can assist the up-and-down movement of the outer shaft needle and has a buffering effect. The fourth spring can be matched with a second electric control device to assist the armature to move up and down, so that the low-pressure oil channel is opened or closed, and a buffering effect is achieved.
Specifically, the guide post periphery is equipped with protruding stupefied along its axial, shells inner wall is equipped with the spacing groove along its axial, protruding stupefied embedding in the spacing groove.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the convex edge is matched with the limiting groove, so that the guide column can be limited to rotate circumferentially around the axis of the guide column, and the high-pressure oil passage and the low-pressure oil passage are guaranteed to be smooth.
Specifically, the outer wall of the pressure relief ring is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the shell.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: threaded connection not only can prevent let out the clamping ring with leak oil pressure release between the casing, can relatively fix moreover let out the clamping ring with position between the casing.
Specifically, the needle valve base with the casing butt department each other is equipped with the sealing ring.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the sealing ring is used for avoiding oil leakage and pressure relief between the needle valve base and the shell.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a variable orifice fuel injector provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable orifice fuel injector provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a fuel injector nozzle of a variable orifice fuel injector provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure in which an inner needle and an outer needle of a variable orifice fuel injector according to the present invention are coupled to each other;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of filling high pressure oil and low pressure oil when the variable orifice injector is not injecting oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of filling of high pressure oil and low pressure oil when the injector with variable orifices partially injects oil according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of filling high-pressure oil and low-pressure oil when the oil sprayer with the variable spray holes provided by the invention sprays oil through all the oil spray holes.
In the figure: 1-high pressure oil; 2-low pressure oil; 3-an oil nozzle; 4-a fuel injector body; 5-a second electric control device; 6-a first electrical control device; 7-high pressure oil passage; 8-low pressure oil passage; 31-a needle valve base; 32-inner shaft needle; 33-outer shaft needle; 34-oil spray holes; 35-spherical protrusions; 36-needle valve top seat; 11-a first oil containing groove; 12-a second oil containing groove; 13-a third oil containing groove; 14-a fourth oil containing groove; 41-a guide post; 42-a housing; 43-a pressure relief ring; 44-an armature; 122-a second spring; 144-a fourth spring; 411-a limiting groove; 422-sealing ring.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following further illustrates the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The invention provides a fuel injector with variable spray holes, which comprises a fuel injection nozzle 3 and a fuel injector main body 4, wherein the fuel injection nozzle 3 is arranged at the lower end of the fuel injector main body 4, the fuel injection nozzle 3 comprises a needle valve base 31, an inner shaft needle 32 and an outer shaft needle 33, a plurality of fuel injection holes 34 are uniformly distributed at the lower end part of the needle valve base 31 in the circumferential direction, the inner shaft needle 32 and the outer shaft needle 33 are arranged in an inner cavity of the needle valve base 31 and form a first oil containing groove 11 with the needle valve base 31, the inner shaft needle 32 and the outer shaft needle 33 are distributed in a crossed and parallel shape, spherical bulges 35 are arranged at the lower end parts of the inner shaft needle 32 and the outer shaft needle 33, the spherical bulges 35 correspond to the fuel injection holes 34 one by one, and when the inner shaft needle 32 and the outer shaft needle 33 respectively ascend or descend, part of the fuel injection holes 34 are respectively controlled to be opened or closed.
The oil sprayer with the variable spray holes, provided by the invention, adapts to the requirements of an engine on oil supply amount under different loads by changing the number of the spray holes, and when a small oil amount is sprayed, the porous oil sprayer opens part of the spray holes, so that compared with the condition that the spray holes are fully opened, the spray time is prolonged, the oil spray precision is easier to control, and meanwhile, when a large oil amount is required, the spray holes of the oil sprayer are fully opened, the oil spray time is saved, oil mist is fully evaporated and uniformly mixed, and the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
Specifically, the fuel injection nozzle 3 further comprises a needle valve top seat 36, the lower end of the needle valve top seat 36 is abutted against the upper end of the needle valve base 31, the needle valve top seat 36 is abutted against the top end of the outer pintle 33 to form a second oil containing groove 12, the upper end of the inner pintle 32 is higher than the upper end of the outer pintle 33, the fuel injector main body 4 comprises a guide post 41, a shell 42, a pressure relief ring 43 and an armature 44, the guide post 41 is circumferentially arranged around the periphery of the inner pintle 32, the lower end of the pressure relief ring 43 is abutted against the upper end of the guide post 41, and forms a third oil containing groove 13 with the upper end of the outer pintle 33 and the upper end of the guide post 41 and the lower end of the pressure relief ring 43, the shell 42 is circumferentially arranged around the upper end of the fuel injection nozzle 3, the periphery of the guide post 41, the periphery of the pressure relief ring 43 and the periphery of the armature 44, and forms a fourth oil containing groove 14 with the upper end of the, the sprayer main part 4 still is equipped with high-pressure oil route 7 and low pressure oil route 8, the oil inlet and the high-pressure oil pump intercommunication of high-pressure oil route 7, high-pressure oil route 7 respectively with first flourishing oil groove 11, the flourishing oil groove 12 of second and the flourishing oil groove 13 of third intercommunication, the oil-out and the low pressure oil tank intercommunication of low pressure oil route 8, low pressure oil route 8 respectively with the flourishing oil groove 12 of second, the flourishing oil groove 13 of third and the flourishing oil groove 14 of fourth intercommunication.
When the first oil containing groove 11, the second oil containing groove 12, the third oil containing groove 13 and the fourth oil containing groove 14 respectively contain high-pressure oil 1 or low-pressure oil 2, the pressure difference between the bottom and the top of the inner pintle 32 and the outer pintle 33 is used for controlling the ascending or descending of the oil, so that the opening or closing of the oil injection hole 34 is further controlled. Specifically, when the first electric control device 6 and the second electric control device 5 control to close the low pressure oil passage 8, the first oil containing groove 11, the second oil containing groove 12 and the third oil containing groove 13 respectively contain high pressure oil, the fourth oil containing groove 14 contains low pressure oil, and at this time, the inner pintle 32 and the outer pintle 33 are pressed on the pintle base 31, and at this time, oil is not injected; when the first electric control device 6 is opened and the second electric control device 5 is closed, the second oil containing groove 12 is communicated with the low-pressure oil passage 8, the pressure of the inner cavity of the second oil containing groove is reduced, the outer shaft needle 33 moves upwards due to the pressure difference between the first oil containing groove 11 and the second oil containing groove 12, and the corresponding 4 oil injection holes 34 inject oil; when first electrically controlled device 6 and second electrically controlled device 5 all opened, second flourishing oil groove 12 with low pressure oil route 8 intercommunication, its inner chamber pressure diminishes, because first flourishing oil groove 11 and the flourishing oil groove 12 pressure differential of second lead to outer pintle 33 to move upwards, third flourishing oil groove 13 with low pressure oil route 8 intercommunication, its inner chamber pressure diminishes, because first flourishing oil groove 11 and the flourishing oil groove 13 pressure differential of third lead to inner pintle 32 rebound, eight this moment the nozzle opening 34 all opens. The double-shaft needle structure effectively avoids the problem of control precision of the vertical displacement of the needle valve.
Specifically, the electric control device further comprises a first electric control device 6 and a second electric control device 5, wherein the first electric control device 6 controls the outer pintle 33 to ascend or descend, and the second electric control device 5 controls the inner pintle 32 to ascend or descend. Specifically, the first electric control device 6 controls the low pressure oil passage 8 facing the second oil containing groove 12 to open and close; the second electric control device 5 controls the low-pressure oil passage 8, which faces the third oil reservoir 13, to open and close.
The invention designs an electromagnetic control structure of the inner and outer axis needles 33 at the same time. The opening and closing of the outer pintle 33 is determined by the electromagnetic valve of the first electric control device 6, the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is a power-on state, at this time, the valve core of the electromagnetic valve blocks the low-pressure oil channel, and the high-pressure oil is filled in the second oil containing groove 12; if the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure oil duct is communicated, and low-pressure oil is filled in the second oil containing groove 12 at the moment. The opening and closing of the inner pintle 32 and the outer pintle 33 are determined by the electromagnetic valve of the second electric control device 5, the initial state of the electromagnetic valve is an electrified state, at the moment, the valve core of the electromagnetic valve blocks the low-pressure oil channel, and high-pressure oil is filled in the third oil containing groove 13; if the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure oil ducts are communicated, and low-pressure oil is filled in the third oil containing groove 13 at the moment.
Specifically, the even distribution of tip circumference has 8 under the needle valve base 31 the nozzle opening 34, the lower extreme tip equipartition of interior pintle 32 and outer pintle 33 has 4 spherical bulge 35. The number of the oil injection holes 34 of the oil injector can be set to be any number, the inner and outer pins 33 respectively control a part of the oil injection holes 34, the optimal number is 8, and the control is the easiest at the moment. Needle valve base 31 is provided with 8 nozzle opening 34, a special design biax needle structure, wherein outer needle nestification is in interior needle 32 is outside, and interior, outer needle are a fine square distribution, and every pintle head has 4 spherical bulge 35, corresponds 4 holes of sprayer respectively, and when the pintle takes a seat, carries out linear sealing by spherical bulge 35 to the orifice.
Specifically, a second spring 122 is arranged in the second oil containing groove 12, the lower end of the second spring 122 abuts against the top end of the outer pintle 33, and the upper end of the second spring 122 abuts against the lower end of the guide post 41. A fourth spring 144 is arranged in the fourth oil containing groove 14, the lower end of the fourth spring 144 is abutted against the top end of the pressure relief ring 43, and the upper end of the fourth spring 144 is abutted against the lower end of the armature 44. The second spring 122 can assist the up-and-down movement of the outer needle 33 and play a role of buffering. The fourth spring 144 can cooperate with the second electronic control device 5 to assist the up-and-down movement of the armature 44, so as to open or close the low-pressure oil passage and play a role of buffering.
Specifically, the periphery of guide post 41 is equipped with protruding stupefied along its axial, the casing 42 inner wall is equipped with spacing groove 411 along its axial, protruding stupefied embedding in the spacing groove 411. The convex edge is matched with the limit groove 411, so that the guide column 41 can be limited to rotate around the axis of the guide column in the circumferential direction, and the high-pressure oil passage 7 and the low-pressure oil passage 8 are guaranteed to be smooth.
Specifically, the pressure relief ring 43 is in threaded connection with the housing 42. Threaded connection not only can prevent the pressure relief ring 43 with leak oil pressure relief between the casing 42, moreover can relatively fixed the pressure relief ring 43 with position between the casing 42.
Specifically, a sealing ring 422 is arranged at the position where the needle valve base 31 and the housing 42 abut against each other. The sealing ring is used for avoiding oil leakage and pressure relief between the needle valve base 31 and the shell 42.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The fuel injector with the variable spray holes is characterized by comprising a fuel injector (3), a fuel injector main body (4) and an electric control device, wherein the fuel injector (3) comprises a needle valve base (31), an inner shaft needle (32) and an outer shaft needle (33), the needle valve base (31) is installed at the lower end of the fuel injector main body (4), a plurality of fuel spray holes (34) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the lower end of the needle valve base (31), the inner shaft needle (32) and the outer shaft needle (33) are installed in an inner cavity of the needle valve base (31), a first oil containing groove (11) is formed between the needle valve base (31), the inner shaft needle (32) and the outer shaft needle (33) are distributed in a cross mode, spherical protrusions (35) are arranged at the lower end portions of the inner shaft needle (32) and the outer shaft needle (33), the spherical protrusions (35) correspond to the fuel spray holes (34) one by one, the electric control device comprises a first electric control device (6) and a second electric control device (5), the first electric control device (6) controls the rising or falling of the outer pintle (33) to open or close the oil injection hole (34) corresponding to the outer pintle (33), the second electric control device (5) controls the rising or falling of the inner pintle (32) to open or close the oil injection hole (34) corresponding to the inner pintle (32), the oil nozzle (3) further comprises a needle valve top seat (36), the lower end of the needle valve top seat (36) is abutted to the upper end of the needle valve base (31), the needle valve top seat (36) is cylindrical and is provided with a second inner cavity, the second inner cavity and the top end of the outer pintle (33) are surrounded to form a second oil containing groove (12), the upper end of the inner pintle (32) is higher than the upper end of the outer pintle (33), the oil injector main body (4) comprises a guide column (41), a shell (42), a pressure relief ring (43) and an armature (44), let out clamping ring (43) lower extreme with guide post (41) upper end butt, guide post (41) are equipped with first inner chamber, interior pintle (32) upper end is passed first inner chamber, and with guide post (41) upper end and the lower extreme of letting out clamping ring (43) form third and contain oil groove (13), casing (42) circumference cover is established fuel sprayer (3) upper end guide post (41) periphery, let out clamping ring (43) periphery and armature (44) periphery, and with let out clamping ring (43) upper end and form fourth and contain oil groove (14), sprayer main part (4) still are equipped with high-pressure oil passageway (7) and low pressure oil passageway (8), the oil inlet and the high-pressure oil pump intercommunication of high-pressure oil passageway (7), and its with nozzle hole (34) intercommunication, high-pressure oil passageway (7) respectively with first flourishing oil groove (11), The second oil containing groove (12) is communicated with the third oil containing groove (13), the oil outlet of the low-pressure oil passage (8) is communicated with the low-pressure oil tank, and the low-pressure oil passage (8) is communicated with the second oil containing groove (12), the third oil containing groove (13) and the fourth oil containing groove (14) respectively.
2. The variable orifice fuel injector of claim 1, characterized in that: the first electric control device (6) controls the low-pressure oil passage (8) facing the second oil containing groove (12) to be opened and closed; the second electric control device (5) controls the low-pressure oil passage (8) facing the third oil containing groove (13) to be opened and closed, when the first electric control device (6) and the second electric control device (5) control the low-pressure oil passage (8) to be closed, the first oil containing groove (11), the second oil containing groove (12) and the third oil containing groove (13) respectively contain high-pressure oil, the fourth oil containing groove (14) contains low-pressure oil, and at the moment, the inner shaft needle (32) and the outer shaft needle (33) are pressed on the needle valve base (31), and oil is not injected; when the first electric control device (6) is opened and the second electric control device (5) is closed, the second oil containing groove (12) is communicated with the low-pressure oil passage (8), the pressure of the inner cavity of the second oil containing groove becomes small, the outer pintle (33) moves upwards due to the pressure difference between the first oil containing groove (11) and the second oil containing groove (12), and oil is injected from the corresponding oil injection hole (34); when the first electric control device (6) and the second electric control device (5) are both started, the second oil containing groove (12) is communicated with the low-pressure oil passage (8), the pressure of the inner cavity of the second oil containing groove becomes small, the outer pintle (33) is caused to move upwards due to the pressure difference between the first oil containing groove (11) and the second oil containing groove (12), the third oil containing groove (13) is communicated with the low-pressure oil passage (8), the pressure of the inner cavity of the third oil containing groove becomes small, the inner pintle (32) is caused to move upwards due to the pressure difference between the first oil containing groove (11) and the third oil containing groove, and the oil injection holes (34) are both started at the moment.
3. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: even cloth of tip circumference has 8 under needle valve base (31) nozzle opening (34), the lower extreme tip equipartition of interior pintle (32) and outer pintle (33) has 4 spherical bulge (35), works as when interior pintle (32) and outer pintle (33) descend, spherical bulge (35) are sealed nozzle opening (34).
4. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a second spring (122) is arranged in the second oil containing groove (12), the lower end of the second spring (122) is abutted against the top end of the outer shaft needle (33), and the upper end of the second spring (122) is abutted against the lower end of the guide column (41).
5. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a fourth spring (144) is arranged in the fourth oil containing groove (14), the lower end of the fourth spring (144) is abutted to the top end of the pressure relief ring (43), and the upper end of the fourth spring (144) is abutted to the lower end of the armature (44).
6. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the guide post (41) periphery is equipped with protruding stupefied along its axial, casing (42) inner wall is equipped with spacing groove (411) along its axial, protruding stupefied embedding in spacing groove (411).
7. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer wall of the pressure relief ring (43) is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the shell (42).
8. The variable orifice fuel injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the needle valve base (31) and the shell (42) are provided with sealing rings (422) at the mutual abutting positions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911316767.4A CN111075626B (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Oil sprayer with variable spray holes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911316767.4A CN111075626B (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Oil sprayer with variable spray holes |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111075626A CN111075626A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
| CN111075626B true CN111075626B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911316767.4A Expired - Fee Related CN111075626B (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Oil sprayer with variable spray holes |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113617545B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2022-05-20 | 昆山开拓者喷雾***科技有限公司 | Anti-blocking type spray rod and spraying device with same |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0982493B1 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2003-09-24 | Wärtsilä Schweiz AG | Method of making a fuel injection nozzle and fuel injection nozzle |
| DE60044626D1 (en) * | 1999-10-06 | 2010-08-12 | Delphi Tech Holding Sarl | Fuel injection valve |
| DE10349639A1 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
| DE102004015360A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
| JP2009185666A (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-20 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection valve |
| CA2743043C (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-09-18 | Westport Power Inc. | Dual fuel injection valve |
| CN105781839B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-04-06 | 吉林大学 | A kind of crosspointer valve electric-controlled fuel injector of double-deck spray orifice |
| CN205559137U (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 吉林大学 | Duplex valve electric fuel injector of double -deck orifice |
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2019
- 2019-12-19 CN CN201911316767.4A patent/CN111075626B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN111075626A (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20201218 |