CN111074914B - Device and method for actively promoting landslide collapse - Google Patents
Device and method for actively promoting landslide collapse Download PDFInfo
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- CN111074914B CN111074914B CN201911414374.7A CN201911414374A CN111074914B CN 111074914 B CN111074914 B CN 111074914B CN 201911414374 A CN201911414374 A CN 201911414374A CN 111074914 B CN111074914 B CN 111074914B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0006—Plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2450/00—Gaskets
- E02D2450/10—Membranes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for actively promoting landslide collapse, which comprises the steps of spraying a loosening agent on a landslide body to be landslide, loosening the soil of the landslide body, placing a hinge provided with a self-expansion capsule at a position of a sliding-resistant key, arranging an extensible double-layer flower tube along the horizontal direction of a slide belt, placing the expansion agent or gas in the inner layer of the capsule in a double-layer structure, placing a lubricating substance in the outer layer, repeatedly expanding to generate a gap between the landslide body to be landslide and a landslide bed, and increasing the pressure in the capsule to enable the lubricating substance to enter the landslide belt. Meanwhile, magnetic fluid mixed with lubricating substances is arranged at the position of the backup fracturing zone, the graded drainage magnetic fluid is fully distributed on the landslide zone, and the landslide body is promoted to slide away from the landslide bed under the combined action. The problem of wait that the landslide body long-term monitoring brought manpower and materials is extravagant, influence transportation, construction operation normal clear is solved. The method has the advantages of strong feasibility, manpower and material resource saving, personnel injury reduction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of protection and prevention of mountain side slopes, in particular to a method for promoting free slow active landslide of a mountain side slope by adopting a manual control method.
Background
Landslide often causes great loss, some even devastating disasters to industrial and agricultural production and people's life and property. The main hazards of landslide are that it destroys farmlands, houses, harms people and livestock, destroys forests, roads, agricultural machinery facilities, water conservancy and hydropower facilities, etc., sometimes even causes destructive disasters, destroys various facilities, and causes common landslide control in power failure and water cut-off to adhere to the principle of 'prevention as main, combined prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control'. The general engineering measures for treating landslide mainly comprise the following three aspects: firstly, eliminating or weakening various factors causing the reduction of the stability of the slope, which means eliminating or weakening the dominant factor causing the reduction of the stability of the slope in the section with the reduced stability of the slope; secondly, the downward sliding force of the sliding mass is reduced, the anti-sliding force of the sliding mass is improved, the mechanical strength of the slope rock-soil mass is improved through certain engineering technical measures, the anti-sliding force of the slope rock-soil mass is improved, and the sliding force is reduced; thirdly, the sliding force is directly reduced and the anti-sliding force is improved, and the measures are mainly used for rapidly improving the stable condition of the slope and improving the stability of the slope which has obvious creep and is about to slide unstably.
The common method needs trivial and complex procedures and extremely consumes manpower and material resources, and only aims at the slope body which has obvious peristalsis and is about to slide unstably, the common method can not protect the slope body which has potential safety hazard and has no obvious phenomenon for a moment. And extremely consume manpower and material resources, whether before protection or after protection all need make sufficient preparation and work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the defects of the background technology, and designs a device and a method for actively promoting landslide collapse. The construction process of mountain, road and tunnel is guaranteed, and landslide collapse can be carried out according to artificial will on the slope. Greatly reduces the loss of manpower and material resources, saves trivial procedures of blasting, digging and transporting the mountain body in the traditional process, and more importantly saves the cost.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a device for actively promoting landslide collapse comprises a prefabricated hinge, wherein the prefabricated hinge is of an open-close type two-piece structure, small holes are reserved in the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated hinge respectively, and a plurality of slotted holes which are arranged at equal intervals are reserved in the prefabricated hinge; the prefabricated hinge is arranged at the position of the anti-sliding key at the bottom of the slope body to be slid, and a prefabricated capsule body is arranged inside the groove hole in a matched mode; drilling a plurality of notches in a segmented manner by using drilling equipment along the sliding direction of the slope body to be slid, wherein a box is respectively placed in each notch, a magnetic switch is arranged on each box, magnets are respectively placed in the boxes, and the magnets, the magnetic fluid and the lubricant mixture which penetrate into the top of the rear edge fracturing belt form magnetic cooperation and promote the slope body to be slid; a plurality of holes are drilled at equal intervals along the direction of the rear edge tension band, and a plurality of telescopic perforated pipes are arranged inside the holes in a matched mode.
The two-piece structure of the prefabricated hinge is hinged and connected through a spring rotating shaft; when the anti-slip hinge is used, 4/5 lengths of the prefabricated hinge are implanted into holes of the anti-slip keys, and the rest lengths are fixed on a non-slip slope body through rivets.
The number of the slotted holes is determined by the length H of the hinge, and the diameters of the slotted holes can be correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the prefabricated capsule body.
The prefabricated capsule body is of a cylindrical structure and is formed by a semipermeable membrane with a double-layer structure, a static blasting agent layer for blasting is arranged in a cavity of an inner-layer structure, and a sliding mixture layer formed by talcum powder, graphene and graphite is arranged in a cavity of an outer-layer structure; when the prefabricated capsule body is used, the prefabricated capsule bodies are horizontally placed in the slotted holes of the prefabricated hinges, the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies is determined by the number of the slotted holes or the prefabricated capsule bodies are horizontally placed in the telescopic flower tubes, and the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies is determined by the number of the small flower tubes.
The number of the notches is correspondingly adjusted by the length of the body to be slid, and the distances among the notches are equal.
The telescopic floral tube is formed by connecting two small floral tubes, the two small floral tubes are connected through a prefabricated spring pipeline, and the small floral tube at the lower end is connected with a vertebral body.
The small perforated pipe adopts a two-layer structure, the inner layer is a rotatable layer, the outer layer is a non-rotatable layer, the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer are provided with water permeable holes, and the water permeable holes are the same in size.
The prefabricated spring pipeline adopts an elastic corrugated pipe.
The method for constructing the device for actively promoting landslide collapse comprises the following steps:
step1, material preparation: preparing a prefabricated hinge, a flexible floral tube, a prefabricated capsule, a plastic film, a semipermeable membrane, graphene, graphite, talcum powder, a soil loosening agent, a static blasting agent, a lubricant, a magnetic fluid, a magnet and a box;
step2, spraying microorganisms: the soil loosening agent enters the surface layer of the slope body to be slipped in a spraying mode and then permeates into the soil;
step3, manufacturing a prefabricated hinge: manufacturing a prefabricated hinge with the length of H, wherein a rotating shaft of the prefabricated hinge is a spring rotating shaft, grooves are formed in the outer portion of the hinge, a plurality of small holes are drilled through a drilling machine, reserved slotted holes are formed in the inner portion of the hinge, and grooves are formed in the outer portion of the prefabricated hinge;
step4, making a telescopic floral tube: the telescopic perforated pipe is formed by connecting two small perforated pipes, the two small perforated pipes are connected by a prefabricated spring pipeline, the small perforated pipe at the lowest end is connected with a cone body, the telescopic perforated pipe is divided into two layers, the inner layer is a rotatable layer, the outer layer is non-rotatable, and holes are arranged at the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer;
step5, making a prefabricated capsule with a double-layer membrane structure: making the prefabricated capsule body into a cylindrical structure with a concave middle and convex two sides, making the notch of the prefabricated capsule body into a semi-permeable membrane, making the rest of the prefabricated capsule body into a plastic film, wherein the middle of the prefabricated capsule body is provided with a static blasting agent layer, and the outer ring of the prefabricated capsule body is provided with a sliding mixture layer;
step6, making a box: manufacturing a box according to the shape and size of the magnet, and arranging a magnetic switch in the box;
step7, there are two different ways:
the first method is as follows: drilling holes at the anti-sliding keys: selecting a proper position at a bottom slide-resistant key of the slope to be landslide, and drilling a proper hole by using a drilling machine according to the size of the prefabricated hinge;
the second method comprises the following steps: drilling holes in the trailing edge fracture zone: selecting a plurality of suitable positions on a belt to be landslide, and drilling suitable holes by using a drilling machine according to the size of the telescopic perforated pipe;
step8, drilling notches and holes: drilling a plurality of notches on the slope according to the size of the box for placing the box; drilling holes in the rear edge tension cracking zone;
step9, mounting a prefabricated hinge and a telescopic floral tube or a prefabricated capsule:
the first method is as follows: installing a prefabricated hinge and a prefabricated capsule: the prefabricated capsule body with a double-layer film structure is arranged in a groove hole in the prefabricated hinge, then 4/5 parts of the prefabricated hinge are inserted into a mountain bottom slide-resistant key, and the rest parts are fixed at a place which is not slid outside by rivets;
the second method comprises the following steps: installing a telescopic flower tube and a prefabricated capsule body: loading a prefabricated bag body with a double-layer film structure into a slotted hole in the telescopic perforated pipe, and inserting the perforated pipe into a hole of the rear edge tension band;
step10, placing the box and magnet: placing the five boxes into the five notches respectively, and then placing the five magnets with the same shape and size and the same magnetic force into each box respectively;
step11, placing the mixture of the magnetic fluid and the lubricant into the holes of the trailing edge tension band;
step12, which produces two forms of gas expansion:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, water is sprayed into soil near the anti-slip key by means of manual water spraying, and then enters a prefabricated capsule body with a double-layer membrane structure through a semi-permeable membrane through holes in a prefabricated hinge or a telescopic floral tube;
in the second mode, the soil is wet in rainy days, and water passes through a semi-permeable membrane and enters a prefabricated capsule body with a double-layer membrane structure;
step13, changing the gas expansion degree to make the landslide body generate the landslide trend, and the three ways are total:
the first method is as follows: changing the diameter of the telescopic floral tube, taking out the telescopic floral tube after the static blasting agent layer in the telescopic floral tube is consumed every time, inserting the floral tube with larger diameter, longer length and a prefabricated capsule body, repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the landslide body has a sliding trend, and adding talcum powder into the prefabricated capsule body arranged in the floral tube at the last time;
the second method comprises the following steps: changing the size of the prefabricated capsule body and the amount of substances wrapped by the prefabricated capsule body, opening a locking device or a switch magnet every 24 hours, taking out the consumed prefabricated capsule body, replacing the prefabricated capsule body filled with more static blasting agents, then closing the locking device and the switch magnet, and repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the landslide body has a sliding tendency;
the third method comprises the following steps: a pressurized high-pressure device is used for pressurizing the telescopic perforated pipe outside the telescopic perforated pipe, so that the telescopic perforated pipe can be further stretched and soil on the landslide strip has a tendency to slide;
step14, fractional drainage: and controlling the magnetic switch, carrying out graded drainage on the mixture of the magnetic fluid and the lubricant under the action of each section of magnetic force, firstly opening the uppermost magnetic switch, enabling the upper part of the slope body to slowly slide downwards under the action of a magnetic field through frictionless sliding to reach the position near the magnetic switch, further opening the second magnetic switch, closing the first magnetic switch, and so on until the landslide smoothly flows to the bottom of the landslide.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method for inducing landslide by utilizing space expansion, the potential landslide body is promoted to slide away from the slope bed by actively adopting a method to expand the space between soils, the problems of traditional passive protection monitoring and prevention and control modes are solved, the passive mode is changed into the active mode, the landslide can be smoothly regulated and controlled manually, the loss of manpower and material resources is saved, the life and property safety of people is guaranteed, and direct and indirect benefits are brought.
2. When the large flower tube is inserted into a slope body, the large flower tube can be automatically stretched by utilizing the flexibility when a bag body is filled or high-pressure gas is introduced, so that a landslide belt is damaged, and the manpower is greatly saved.
3. The double-layer tube structure of floral tube controls the discharge of graphene, talcum powder, graphite's mixture and static blasting agent rationally to a certain extent, prevents that soil from entering the floral tube from the hole in, influencing the utricule and taking place the inflation.
4. Under the prerequisite that utilizes the space inflation to impel the landslide, utilized around fixed pivot can pivoted prefabricated hinge and elasticity floral tube for the first time, ensured behind the landslide of massif, the material can carry out recycle, and can not cause disposable pollution to the environment, practiced thrift the cost in the work progress.
5. Through the prefabricated utricule of preparation, with the material that needs the packing in the landslide area to and the static blasting agent dress that makes the space inflation together, guaranteed that the membrane breaks when the space inflation, the mixture such as talcum powder of inside can flow into the landslide area through the hinge hole.
6. In the early stage of the experiment, the invention sprays the microorganisms and the fertilizer to ensure that the soil becomes loose and porous on a hard slope body of the soil through the fermentation action of the microorganisms, thereby ensuring that the moisture can smoothly permeate into the soil through the soil.
7. The invention provides a method for creating a landslide zone by utilizing the magnet to attract the magnetic fluid in a grading manner for drainage, and when the magnetic fluid enters through a rear edge tensile crack zone, the movement of the magnetic fluid can be accurately controlled without a magnet switch, so that the magnetic fluid can smoothly move on the landslide zone, and the landslide phenomenon of the landslide zone is promoted.
8. The prefabricated hinge has the greatest advantages that the prefabricated hinge can be recycled after the landslide of the slope body collapses, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved. The problem that potential safety hazards existing in a potential landslide body cannot be eliminated by an existing prevention and control method can be solved, the potential safety hazards are eliminated in time by inducing landslide through space expansion, safe operation of necessary facilities is guaranteed, and resource waste caused by monitoring is greatly reduced; casualties, infrastructure paralysis, property loss and the like caused by sudden sliding of a large number of landslides are reduced, the landslides can be induced by adopting a proper method after proper judgment on the types and properties of the landslides, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a first arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a second arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the prefabricated hinge structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of a preformed hinge structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structure view of a prefabricated hinge of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a first construction of a preformed bladder of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a second construction of a preformed bladder of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the state after the extension of the stretchable tube for flowers according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a view showing a state in which the stretchable tube is contracted.
FIG. 11 is a view showing the structure of a small flower tube according to the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a left side view of the telescoping floral tube of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a prefabricated hinge 1, a sliding-resistant key 2, a first box 3, a second box 4, a third box 5, rivets 6, a spring rotating shaft 7, a slotted hole 8, small holes 9, a semipermeable membrane 10, a prefabricated capsule body 11, a magnet 12, a soil loosening agent 13, a magnetic fluid and lubricant mixture 14, a sliding mixture layer 15, a static blasting agent layer 16, a rear edge tension band 17, a prefabricated spring pipeline 18 and a telescopic flower tube 19.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-12, a device for actively promoting landslide collapse comprises a prefabricated hinge 1, wherein the prefabricated hinge 1 adopts an open-close type two-piece structure, small holes 9 are reserved on the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated hinge 1 respectively, and a plurality of slotted holes 8 which are arranged at equal intervals are reserved in the prefabricated hinge 1; the prefabricated hinge 1 is arranged at the position of the anti-sliding key 2 at the bottom of the slope body to be slid, and the prefabricated capsule body 11 is arranged inside the slotted hole 8 in a matched mode; drilling a plurality of notches in sections by using drilling equipment along the sliding direction of the slope body to be slid, wherein a box is respectively placed in each notch, a magnetic switch is arranged on each box, magnets are respectively placed in the boxes, and the magnets are in magnetic cooperation with the magnetic fluid and the lubricant mixture 14 which penetrate into the top of the rear edge stretch-breaking band 17 and promote the slope body to be slid; a plurality of holes are drilled at equal intervals along the direction of the rear edge tension band 17, and a plurality of telescopic perforated pipes 19 are arranged inside the holes in a matched mode. Through adopting the device of above-mentioned structure, its prevention and cure to the mountain landslide mainly makes the slope body carry out the landslide under artificial control and collapses, has eliminated the potential safety hazard, has guaranteed at the mountain body, the road, the work progress in tunnel, and the slope body can carry out the landslide according to artificial wish and collapse, great reduction manpower and materials's loss, also saved the trivial procedure of tradition in-process mountain body blasting excavation transportation, more importantly practiced thrift the cost.
Further, the two-piece structure of the prefabricated hinge 1 is hinged and connected through a spring rotating shaft 7; in use, 4/5 lengths of the prefabricated hinge 1 are embedded into the holes of the anti-slip key 2, and the rest lengths are fixed on the non-slip slope body through the rivets 6. By adopting the hinge structure, the prefabricated hinge 1 can be ensured to be opened under the action of external force, and then the corresponding external force is generated on the sliding mass, so that the sliding mass can slide under the action of external force. The prefabricated hinge 1 has a plurality of small holes on the outside and a plurality of slotted holes 8 on the inside, and aims at: the outer holes facilitate the diffusion of the mixture of talc, lubricant and graphite, and the inner slots are used to hold the preformed capsule 11.
Furthermore, the number of said slots 8 is determined by the length H of the hinge, the diameter of which can be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the preform 11. The slotted hole 8 is mainly used for installing and placing the prefabricated capsule body 11 so that the prefabricated capsule body can be opened under the action of external force.
Further, the prefabricated capsule body 11 is of a cylindrical structure, the prefabricated capsule body 11 is formed by a semipermeable membrane 10 of a double-layer structure, a static blasting agent layer 16 for blasting is arranged in a cavity of an inner-layer structure, and a sliding mixture layer 15 formed by talcum powder, graphene and graphite is arranged in a cavity of an outer-layer structure; when the prefabricated capsule bodies 11 are used, the prefabricated capsule bodies 11 are horizontally placed in the slotted holes 8 of the prefabricated hinges 1, the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies 11 is determined by the number of the slotted holes 8 or the prefabricated capsule bodies are horizontally placed in the telescopic flower tubes 19, and the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies 11 is determined by the number of the small flower tubes. Wherein, by adopting the static blasting agent layer 16 and the sliding mixture layer 15, the purposes are as follows: water enters the static blasting agent after passing through the semipermeable membrane, the static blasting agent generates gas expansion and then crushes the plastic film, so that the mixture of the talcum powder, the graphene and the graphite of the outer ring is diffused outwards and enters the soil.
Furthermore, the number of the notches is correspondingly adjusted by the length of the body to be slid, and the distance between every two notches is equal.
Furthermore, the telescopic floral tube 19 is formed by connecting two small floral tubes, the two small floral tubes are connected by a prefabricated spring pipeline 18, and the small floral tube at the lower end is connected with a vertebral body.
Further, the small floral tube adopts a two-layer structure, the inner layer a is a rotatable layer, the outer layer b is a non-rotatable layer, water permeable holes are formed in the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer, and the water permeable holes are the same in size. The purpose is as follows: the on-off state of the holes of the perforated pipe is controlled, and soil is prevented from entering the perforated pipe to block the perforated pipe from expanding.
Furthermore, according to the corresponding slope length, a certain number of telescopic floral tubes 19 are inserted, aiming at: through constantly adding prefabricated utricule 11 inwards, make the reaction of the static blasting agent in the middle of the prefabricated utricule 11, continuous production is gaseous, perhaps lets in high-pressure gas, promotes the small floral tube of lower one deck and moves down, after the floral tube extends certain length, controls magnetic switch, opens the hole of floral tube outer wall, makes the graphite of utricule the inside, talcum powder, emollient flow in the landslide area of massif, two parts can carry out frictionless slip about making its landslide area.
Further, the outside of stainless steel hinge dig the recess, its aim at: prevent that the soil on the landslide area is extruded when the hinge opens, lead to soil to become more durable.
Further, the prefabricated spring pipe 18 is made of an elastic corrugated pipe.
Furthermore, the 4/5 part of prefabricated hinge 1 insert in massif bottom hinders the slip key, the remaining part is fixed in the place that does not slide outside with the rivet, the place that does not slide outside sets up rotatable spring pivot, and the hinge of being convenient for can carry out dead axle around the extreme point and rotate, its aim at: when a landslide occurs on the landslide body, the part of the hinge, which is positioned at the bottom of the mountain and is provided with the slide-resistant key, can rotate along with the landslide of the mountain, and finally the hinge is rotated out, so that the hinge is recycled, and the cost is reduced.
Furthermore, the slope body is segmented at equal intervals and is roughly divided into three segments. Then three magnets with the same shape and size and the same magnetic force are respectively placed in each box, and a magnetic switch is arranged for controlling the magnetic force of each magnet, and the magnetic switch aims at: the landslide can slide downwards in a grading way, and the flowing direction of the magnetic fluid can be controlled.
Further, the tension and cracking belt 17 at the rear edge of the mountain body drills a hole by using a drill. Then the mixture of magnetic fluid and lubricant is put into the upper end drilled trailing edge fracture zone, and the purpose is that: the flow direction of the landslide can be controlled and friction can be reduced when the landslide slides down.
Furthermore, the magnetic switch is controlled to successfully conduct sectional graded drainage on the mixture of the magnetic fluid and the talcum powder under the action of each section of magnetic force, and a landslide band is finally formed on a route through which the mixture of the magnetic fluid passes.
Furthermore, the moisture enters the capsule body with a double-layer film structure through the holes on the hinge. The purpose is as follows: the membrane structure is made by the pellicle, and the molecule diameter size of inside is too big, can't pass through the membrane, and the rainwater can permeate into through the pellicle because the molecule granule size is less.
Further, the reaction comprises reaction of rainwater and a static blasting agent in the middle cylinder, space expansion, the hinge slowly opens and rotates, the membrane structure is broken due to expansion, and a mixture of the lubricant, the graphite and the talcum powder in the hinge slowly flows into a landslide zone manufactured by magnetic fluid before the landslide zone is filled with the space through holes in the hinge in the rotating process of the hinge.
Further, the collapse of the slope is caused by the fact that the upper and lower portions of the landslide band are connected by a mixture of graphene and the like, and the mixture has a smooth surface and fluidity, so that the upper portion of the slope slides gradually downward by frictionless sliding, and finally collapses.
Example 2:
the method for constructing the device for actively promoting landslide collapse comprises the following steps:
step1, material preparation: preparing a prefabricated hinge 1, a telescopic floral tube 19, a prefabricated capsule body 11, a plastic film, a semi-permeable membrane 10, graphene, graphite, talcum powder, a soil loosening agent, a static blasting agent, a lubricant, a magnetic fluid, a magnet and a box;
step2, spraying microorganisms: the soil loosening agent 13 enters the surface layer of the slope body to be slipped in a spraying mode and then permeates into the soil;
step3, manufacturing prefabricated hinge 1: manufacturing a prefabricated hinge 1 with the length of H, wherein a rotating shaft of the prefabricated hinge 1 is a spring rotating shaft 7, grooves are formed in the outer portion of the hinge, a plurality of small holes are drilled through a drilling machine, a reserved slotted hole 8 is formed in the hinge, and grooves are formed in the outer portion of the prefabricated hinge 1;
step4, making the telescopic floral tube 19: the telescopic floral tube 19 is formed by connecting two small floral tubes, the two small floral tubes are connected by a prefabricated spring pipeline 18, the small floral tube at the lowest end is connected with a cone body, the telescopic floral tube is divided into two layers, the inner layer a is a rotatable layer, the outer layer b is non-rotatable, and holes are arranged at the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer;
step5, making a prefabricated capsule 11 with a double-layer membrane structure: the prefabricated capsule body 11 is made into a cylindrical structure with a concave middle and convex two sides, the notch is made of a semipermeable membrane, the rest is made of a plastic film, a static blasting agent layer 16 is arranged in the middle, and a sliding mixture layer 15 is arranged on the outer ring;
step6, making a box: manufacturing a box according to the shape and size of the magnet, and arranging a magnetic switch in the box;
step7, there are two different ways:
the first method is as follows: drilling at the anti-sliding key 2: selecting a proper position at the position of the slide-resistant key 2 at the bottom of the slope to be landslide, and drilling a proper hole by using a drilling machine according to the size of the prefabricated hinge 1;
the second method comprises the following steps: drilling holes in the trailing edge stretch-break band 17: selecting a plurality of suitable positions on the belt to be landslide, and drilling suitable holes by using a drilling machine according to the size of the telescopic perforated pipe 19;
step8, drilling notches and holes: drilling a plurality of notches on the slope according to the size of the box for placing the box; drilling holes in the rear edge tension cracking zone;
step9, a mode of mounting the preformed hinge 1 and the preformed bag body 11 or a mode of mounting the telescopic floral tube 19 and the preformed bag body 11:
the first method is as follows: installation prefabricated hinge 1 and prefabricated utricule 11: a prefabricated capsule body 11 with a double-layer film structure is arranged in a groove hole 8 in a prefabricated hinge 1, a 4/5 part of the prefabricated hinge 1 is inserted into a mountain bottom slide-resistant key 2, and the rest part is fixed at a place which does not slide outside by a rivet 6;
the second method comprises the following steps: installing the telescopic floral tube 19 and the prefabricated capsule body 11: loading the prefabricated capsule body 11 with a double-layer film structure into a slotted hole in the telescopic perforated pipe 19, and then inserting the perforated pipe into a hole of the rear edge stretch-breaking belt 17;
step10, placing the box and magnet: placing the five boxes into the five notches respectively, and then placing the five magnets with the same shape and size and the same magnetic force into each box respectively;
step11, placing the magnetic fluid and lubricant mixture 14 into the holes of the trailing edge tension band 17;
step12, which produces two forms of gas expansion:
in the first mode, water is sprayed into soil near the anti-slip key 2 by manual watering, and then enters the prefabricated capsule body 11 with a double-layer membrane structure through the semi-permeable membrane 10 through holes in the prefabricated hinges 1 or the telescopic floral tubes 19;
in the second mode, in rainy days, soil is wet, and water passes through the semipermeable membrane 10 to the prefabricated capsule body 11 with a double-layer membrane structure;
step13, changing the gas expansion degree to make the landslide body generate the landslide trend, and the three ways are total:
the first method is as follows: changing the diameter of the telescopic perforated pipe 19, taking out the telescopic perforated pipe 19 after the static blasting agent layer 16 in the telescopic perforated pipe 19 is consumed each time, inserting the perforated pipe which has larger diameter and longer length and is provided with the prefabricated capsule body 11, repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the landslide body has the tendency of sliding, and adding talcum powder into the prefabricated capsule body 11 arranged in the perforated pipe at the last time;
the second method comprises the following steps: changing the size of the prefabricated capsule body 11 and the amount of substances wrapped by the prefabricated capsule body, opening a locking device or a switch magnet every 24 hours, taking out the consumed prefabricated capsule body 11, replacing a prefabricated capsule body 11 filled with more static blasting agents, then closing the locking device and the switch magnet, and repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the landslide body has a sliding tendency;
the third method comprises the following steps: the outside of the telescopic floral tube 19 is pressurized by a pressurized high-pressure device to the telescopic floral tube 19, so that the telescopic floral tube 19 can be further stretched and the soil on the landslide strip has the tendency to slide;
step14, fractional drainage: and controlling the magnetic switch, carrying out graded drainage on the mixture of the magnetic fluid and the lubricant under the action of each section of magnetic force, firstly opening the uppermost magnetic switch, enabling the upper part of the slope body to slowly slide downwards under the action of a magnetic field through frictionless sliding to reach the position near the magnetic switch, further opening the second magnetic switch, closing the first magnetic switch, and so on until the landslide smoothly flows to the bottom of the landslide.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
two different devices have certain differences in their operating principles.
First, adopt the device of prefabricated hinge 1: in rainy days or artificial rainfall and the reaction of the static blasting agent in the cylinder at the middle of the prefabricated capsule body 11, the space expands, the prefabricated hinge 1 slowly opens and rotates, the membrane structure is broken due to expansion, and the mixture of graphene, graphite and talcum powder in the prefabricated hinge 1 slowly flows into the soil through the holes in the prefabricated hinge 1 in the rotating process of the prefabricated hinge 1 to fill the space. Since the upper and lower portions of the trailing edge stretch-break band 17 are connected by a mixture of magnetic fluid, lubricant, etc., and the mixture has a smooth surface and fluidity, the upper portion of the slope body slides slowly downward by frictionless sliding, and finally collapses. Meanwhile, the direction of the landslide can be controlled by magnetic fluid graded drainage, and the landslide can smoothly flow on the landslide.
Second, devices using a floral tube: adopt high-pressure inflation's mode earlier constantly to inflate to the floral tube to make the floral tube extension and then lead to the soil on the landslide area to be loosened, and then let rainy day or artificial rainfall and the static blasting agent reaction of the cylinder the inside of utricule midmost, the space inflation, thereby make the floral tube extension and then lead to the soil on the landslide area to be further destroyed, produce gliding trend. Because the upper part and the lower part of the trailing edge tension band are connected through the mixture of magnetic fluid, lubricant and the like, and the mixture has smooth surface and fluidity, the upper part of the slope body slides slowly downwards through frictionless sliding and finally collapses. Meanwhile, the direction of the landslide can be controlled by magnetic fluid graded drainage, and the landslide can smoothly flow on the landslide.
Claims (9)
1. A device for actively promoting landslide collapse is characterized in that: the hinge comprises a prefabricated hinge (1), wherein the prefabricated hinge (1) adopts an open-close type two-piece structure, small holes (9) are reserved on the upper surface and the lower surface of the prefabricated hinge (1) respectively, and a plurality of slotted holes (8) which are arranged at equal intervals are reserved in the prefabricated hinge (1); the prefabricated hinge (1) is arranged at the anti-slip key (2) at the bottom of the slope body to be slipped, and a prefabricated capsule body (11) is arranged inside the slotted hole (8) in a matched manner; drilling a plurality of notches in a segmented manner by using drilling equipment along the sliding direction of the body to be slid, wherein a box is respectively placed in each notch, a magnetic switch is arranged on each box, magnets are respectively placed in the boxes, and the magnets are in magnetic cooperation with the magnetic fluid and the lubricant mixture (14) which penetrate into the top of the rear edge stretch-breaking band (17) and promote the body to be slid to slide; a plurality of holes are drilled at equal intervals along the direction of the rear edge tension band (17), and a plurality of telescopic perforated pipes (19) are arranged in the holes in a matched mode; the method of inducing landslide by using space expansion and promoting the potential landslide mass to slide off the bed of the slope by actively adopting the method to expand the space between the soils.
2. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 1, wherein: the two-piece structure of the prefabricated hinge (1) is hinged and connected through a spring rotating shaft (7); when the anti-slip hinge is used, 4/5 lengths of the prefabricated hinge (1) are implanted into holes of the anti-slip key (2), and the rest lengths are fixed on a non-slip slope body through rivets (6).
3. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the slotted holes (8) is determined by the length H of the hinge, and the diameters of the slotted holes are correspondingly adjusted according to the size of the prefabricated capsule body (11).
4. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated capsule body (11) is of a cylindrical structure, the prefabricated capsule body (11) is formed by a semipermeable membrane (10) of a double-layer structure, a static blasting agent layer (16) for blasting is arranged in a cavity of an inner-layer structure, and a sliding mixture layer (15) formed by talcum powder, graphene and graphite is arranged in a cavity of an outer-layer structure; when the prefabricated capsule body is used, the prefabricated capsule bodies (11) are horizontally placed in the slotted holes (8) of the prefabricated hinges (1), the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies (11) is determined by the number of the slotted holes (8) or the prefabricated capsule bodies are horizontally placed in the telescopic flower tubes (19), and the number of the prefabricated capsule bodies (11) is determined by the number of the small flower tubes.
5. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the notches is correspondingly adjusted by the length of the body to be slid, and the distances among the notches are equal.
6. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic floral tube (19) is formed by connecting two small floral tubes, the two small floral tubes are connected by a prefabricated spring pipeline (18), and the small floral tube at the lower end is connected with a vertebral body.
7. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 6, wherein: the small perforated pipe adopts a two-layer structure, the inner layer (a) is a rotatable layer, the outer layer (b) is a non-rotatable layer, the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer are provided with water permeable holes, and the water permeable holes are the same in size.
8. The device for actively promoting landslide collapse according to claim 6, wherein: the prefabricated spring pipeline (18) adopts an elastic corrugated pipe.
9. Method of construction with the device for actively encouraging landslide collapse according to any one of claims 1-8, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
step1, material preparation: preparing a prefabricated hinge (1), a flexible flower tube (19), a prefabricated capsule body (11), a plastic film, a semi-permeable membrane (10), graphene, graphite, talcum powder, a soil loosening agent, a static blasting agent, a lubricant, a magnetic fluid, a magnet and a box;
step2, spraying microorganisms: the soil loosening agent (13) enters the surface layer of the slope body to be slipped in a spraying mode and then permeates into the soil;
step3, manufacturing a prefabricated hinge (1): manufacturing a prefabricated hinge (1) with the length of H, wherein a rotating shaft of the prefabricated hinge (1) is a spring rotating shaft (7), grooves are formed in the outer portion of the hinge, a plurality of small holes are drilled through a drilling machine, reserved slotted holes (8) are formed in the inner portion of the hinge, and grooves are formed in the outer portion of the prefabricated hinge (1);
step4, making a telescopic floral tube (19): the telescopic floral tube (19) is formed by connecting two small floral tubes, the two small floral tubes are connected by a prefabricated spring pipeline (18), the small floral tube at the lowest end is connected with a vertebral body, the telescopic floral tube (19) is divided into two layers, the inner layer (a) is a rotatable layer, the outer layer (b) is non-rotatable, and holes are formed in the same positions of the inner layer and the outer layer;
step5, making a prefabricated capsule (11) with a double-layer membrane structure: the prefabricated capsule body (11) is made into a cylindrical structure with a concave middle and convex two sides, the notch is made of a semipermeable membrane, the rest is made of a plastic film, a static blasting agent layer (16) is arranged in the middle, and a sliding mixture layer (15) is arranged on the outer ring;
step6, making a box: manufacturing a box according to the shape and size of the magnet, and arranging a magnetic switch in the box;
step7, there are two different ways:
the first method is as follows: drilling holes at the anti-sliding keys (2): selecting a proper position at the position of the slide-resistant key (2) at the bottom of the slope to be landslide, and drilling a proper hole by using a drilling machine according to the size of the prefabricated hinge (1);
the second method comprises the following steps: drilling holes in the rear edge tension band (17): selecting a plurality of suitable positions on the belt to be landslide, and drilling suitable holes by using a drilling machine according to the size of the telescopic perforated pipe (19);
step8, drilling notches and holes: drilling a plurality of notches on the slope according to the size of the box for placing the box; drilling holes in the rear edge tension cracking zone;
step9, a mode of installing the prefabricated hinge (1) and the prefabricated bag body (11) or a mode of installing the telescopic floral tube (19) and the prefabricated bag body (11):
the first method is as follows: installing a prefabricated hinge (1) and a prefabricated capsule body (11): a prefabricated capsule body (11) with a double-layer film structure is arranged in a groove hole (8) in a prefabricated hinge (1), a 4/5 part of the prefabricated hinge (1) is inserted into a mountain bottom slide-resistant key (2), and the rest part is fixed at a place which is not slid outside by a rivet (6);
the second method comprises the following steps: installing a telescopic floral tube (19) and a prefabricated capsule body (11): the prefabricated bag body (11) with a double-layer film structure is arranged in a slotted hole in the telescopic perforated pipe (19), and then the perforated pipe is inserted into a hole of the rear edge stretch-breaking belt (17);
step10, placing the box and magnet: placing the five boxes into the five notches respectively, and then placing the five magnets with the same shape and size and the same magnetic force into each box respectively;
step11, putting the mixture (14) of the magnetic fluid and the lubricant into the holes of the trailing edge tension band (17);
step12, which produces two forms of gas expansion:
the first mode is that water is sprayed into soil near the anti-slip key (2) by manual watering, and then enters a prefabricated capsule body (11) with a double-layer membrane structure through a semi-permeable membrane (10) through holes on a prefabricated hinge (1) or a telescopic floral tube (19);
in the second mode, the soil is wet in rainy days, and water passes through the semipermeable membrane (10) to the prefabricated capsule body (11) with the double-layer membrane structure;
step13, changing the gas expansion degree to make the landslide body generate the landslide trend, and the three ways are total:
the first method is as follows: changing the diameter of the telescopic floral tube (19), taking out the telescopic floral tube (19) after the static blasting agent layer (16) in the telescopic floral tube (19) is consumed every time, inserting the floral tube which has a larger diameter and a longer length and is provided with the prefabricated capsule body (11), repeating the steps for a plurality of times until the landslide body has a sliding tendency, and adding talcum powder into the prefabricated capsule body (11) arranged in the floral tube at the last time;
the second method comprises the following steps: changing the size of the prefabricated capsule body (11) and the amount of substances wrapped by the prefabricated capsule body, opening a locking device or a switch magnet every 24 hours, taking out the consumed prefabricated capsule body (11), replacing a prefabricated capsule body (11) filled with more static blasting agents, then closing the locking device and the switch magnet for a plurality of times until the landslide body has a sliding trend;
the third method comprises the following steps: pressurizing the telescopic perforated pipe (19) by a pressurized high-pressure device outside the telescopic perforated pipe (19) so that the telescopic perforated pipe (19) can be further stretched and soil on the landslide strip has a tendency to slide;
step14, fractional drainage: and controlling the magnetic switch, carrying out graded drainage on the mixture of the magnetic fluid and the lubricant under the action of each section of magnetic force, firstly opening the uppermost magnetic switch, enabling the upper part of the slope body to slowly slide downwards under the action of a magnetic field through frictionless sliding to reach the position near the magnetic switch, further opening the second magnetic switch, closing the first magnetic switch, and so on until the landslide smoothly flows to the bottom of the landslide.
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Application publication date: 20200428 Assignee: Hubei Hongzhuo Architectural Design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980043461 Denomination of invention: A device and method for actively promoting landslide collapse Granted publication date: 20210402 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231019 |
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Assignee: Hubei Hongzhuo Architectural Design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980043461 Date of cancellation: 20240402 |