CN111073738B - Biodegradable lubricating oil and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Biodegradable lubricating oil and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F218/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F218/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F218/12—Esters of monocarboxylic acids with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/024—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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Abstract
The invention discloses biodegradable lubricating oil which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of modified vegetable oil, 3.4-3.8 parts of formaldehyde solution, 1.3-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.6-0.7 part of preservative, 0.8-1.2 parts of wear-resistant assistant and 1.6-2.5 parts of dispersant. According to the invention, vegetable oil is used as base oil, and the vegetable oil is modified and then directly reacts with the preservative and the antioxidant through chemical action, so that the antioxidant and the preservative can be uniformly compounded on a base oil chain, the preservative and the antioxidant are uniformly dispersed, and further the antioxidant performance and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil are uniform, and further the problem that the antioxidant performance and the corrosion resistance of the existing lubricating oil are influenced due to nonuniform mixing caused by the fact that the antioxidant and the preservative are directly added into the existing lubricating oil through physical action is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lubricating oil preparation, and relates to biodegradable lubricating oil and a preparation process thereof.
Background
In metallurgy, mining, underwater operation mechanical equipment, all can use gear, fluted disc, rack and chain and drive mechanism and hinge and wire rope, these machine parts are in outdoor for a long time, stand wind and rain erosion, corrode easily, and then influence the use, use lubricating oil to carry out lubricated protection to it usually, through the effect of lubricating oil, can realize certain corrosion protection, some uses of lubrication simultaneously can cause the pollution of environment, soil and water body, destroys ecological environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide biodegradable lubricating oil, which takes vegetable oil as base oil, and directly reacts with a preservative and an antioxidant through chemical action after modification, so that the antioxidant and the preservative can be uniformly compounded on a base oil chain, the preservative and the antioxidant are uniformly dispersed, and further the antioxidant performance and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil are uniform.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70-75 parts of modified vegetable oil, 3.4-3.8 parts of formaldehyde solution, 1.3-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.6-0.7 part of preservative, 0.8-1.2 parts of wear-resistant assistant and 1.6-2.5 parts of dispersant;
the antioxidant is 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, the preservative is phytic acid, and the wear-resistant auxiliary agents are graphene, nano-zirconia and nano-molybdenum disulfide according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.65-0.72: mixing at a ratio of 0.81-0.85;
the specific preparation process of the modified vegetable oil comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1-2.3: 0.8-0.9, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding a certain amount of sodium hydroxide into crotyl alcohol, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, keeping the temperature constant, stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours, layering the product, washing an upper oil layer until the oil layer is neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated vegetable oil, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide is 1.3% of the mass of the mixed oil, 0.24-0.25g of crotyl alcohol is added into each gram of the mixed oil, the mixed oil contains ester groups, and the ester groups can perform exchange reaction with the crotyl alcohol under the catalytic action of the sodium hydroxide, so that the crotyl alcohol is grafted on the molecular chain of the vegetable oil, and unsaturated bonds are introduced into the molecular chain of the vegetable oil;
step 2, weighing a certain amount of acrylamide to be dissolved in ethanol to prepare an acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60%, adding the pretreated vegetable oil prepared in the step 1 into a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle for 30min, then adding a certain amount of benzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, heating to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-40min, continuously dropwise adding crotyl alcohol and the prepared acrylamide solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 1h, heating to 110-115 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5h, layering the obtained product, heating the oil phase to 100 ℃, evaporating for 2-3h to obtain yellow transparent oily liquid, namely modified vegetable oil, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows, 0.12-0.14g of benzoyl peroxide is added into each gram of pretreated vegetable oil, 0.24-0.25g of the acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60% is added, adding 0.13-0.14g of crotyl alcohol, wherein the pretreated vegetable oil contains a large amount of olefin groups, and can perform free radical polymerization reaction with allyl in acrylamide under the action of benzoyl peroxide, so that a large amount of amino groups are introduced into the prepared modified vegetable oil;
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, weighing a certain amount of modified vegetable oil, adding the modified vegetable oil into a reaction kettle, adding a formaldehyde solution and an antioxidant into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding sulfuric acid into the reaction kettle to control the acidity of the solution to be pH 1, heating to 50-60 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 8-9h, then carrying out layered filtration on the product, taking a generated oil phase, and washing to be neutral to obtain antioxidant lubricating oil; because the modified vegetable oil contains a large amount of amino, the para-position of phenolic hydroxyl in the antioxidant contains active hydrogen, and the modified vegetable oil can be subjected to aminomethylation reaction under the action of formaldehyde under an acidic condition, the antioxidant is introduced into a vegetable oil molecular chain, and because the vegetable oil molecular weight contains a large amount of amino, a large amount of antioxidant is introduced into the vegetable oil molecular weight through the reaction, the antioxidant is directly grafted on the vegetable oil molecular chain, the prepared modified vegetable oil has uniform antioxidant performance, and because the antioxidant can absorb ultraviolet rays, the oxidative deterioration of the vegetable oil under the action of the ultraviolet rays is effectively reduced;
secondly, simultaneously adding the antioxidant lubricating oil and the preservative prepared in the first step into a reaction kettle, then adding p-methoxyphenol into the reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 85-90 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5 hours to obtain modified lubricating oil; because the antioxidant lubricating oil chain contains a large amount of crotyl alcohol hydroxyl groups which have strong activity and can react with phosphate groups in phytic acid at high temperature to form phosphate groups, the phytic acid is further introduced into the lubricating oil molecular chain, the flame retardant property of the lubricating oil is realized by the introduction of the phosphate groups, meanwhile, the molecular chain steric hindrance of the antioxidant lubricating oil is large, the antioxidant lubricating oil can only react with partial phosphate groups in the phytic acid, the phytic acid can chelate with metal ions, so that the oxidation-promoting metal ions lose activity after chelation, and simultaneously release hydrogen to destroy peroxides generated in the autoxidation process, so that the higher antioxidant property is realized, the antioxidant realizes the photooxidation resistance of the lubricating oil by absorbing ultraviolet rays through the synergistic action with the antioxidant, and the complete antioxidant property of the lubricating oil can be effectively realized through the combined action of the antioxidant and the ultraviolet rays, meanwhile, the phytic acid introduced into the lubricating oil still contains a large number of phosphate groups, and can be complexed with metal ions on the surface of metal, so that a compact protective film is formed on the surface of the metal, oxygen is effectively prevented from entering the surface of the metal, the corrosion of the surface of the metal is resisted, and the phytic acid is uniformly combined on a lubricating oil molecular chain through chemical action, so that the phytic acid is uniformly dispersed in oleic acid, and the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil are uniform;
and step three, simultaneously adding the modified lubricating oil prepared in the step two, the wear-resistant auxiliary agent and the dispersing agent, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, vegetable oil is used as base oil, and the vegetable oil is modified and then directly reacts with the preservative and the antioxidant through chemical action, so that the antioxidant and the preservative can be uniformly compounded on a base oil chain, the preservative and the antioxidant are uniformly dispersed, and further the antioxidant performance and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil are uniform, and further the problem that the antioxidant performance and the corrosion resistance of the existing lubricating oil are influenced due to nonuniform mixing caused by the fact that the antioxidant and the preservative are directly added into the existing lubricating oil through physical action is solved.
2. According to the invention, phytic acid is added into the lubricating oil to perform chelation with metal ions, so that the metal ions promoting oxidation lose activity after chelation, hydrogen is released at the same time, peroxide generated in the autoxidation process is destroyed, high oxidation resistance is realized, the antioxidant absorbs ultraviolet rays to realize photooxidation resistance of the lubricating oil, the phytic acid and the antioxidant perform synergistic action, and the complete oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil can be effectively realized through the combination of the phytic acid and the antioxidant.
3. The phytic acid is introduced into the vegetable oil through chemical action, the phytic acid contains a large amount of phosphate groups, and can be complexed with metal ions on the surface of a metal, so that a compact protective film is formed on the surface of the metal, oxygen is effectively prevented from entering the surface of the metal, the surface corrosion of the metal is resisted, and the phytic acid is uniformly dispersed in oleic acid due to the fact that the phytic acid is uniformly combined on a lubricating oil molecular chain through the chemical action, so that the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil is uniform, and the problem that the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil is reduced due to the fact that the existing lubricating oil is not uniformly dispersed is solved.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the specific preparation process of the modified vegetable oil is as follows:
step 1, mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: mixing according to the proportion of 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, adding 1kg of the mixed oil into a reaction kettle, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding 13g of sodium hydroxide into 240g of crotyl alcohol, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, keeping the temperature unchanged, stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours, layering the product, washing an upper oil layer to be neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated vegetable oil, wherein the reaction structural formula is as follows;
step 2, weighing a certain amount of acrylamide, dissolving the acrylamide in ethanol to prepare an acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60%, adding 1kg of the pretreated vegetable oil prepared in the step 1 into a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle for 30min, then adding 120g of benzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, heating to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-40min, continuously dropwise adding 130g of crotyl alcohol and 240g of the prepared acrylamide solution, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 1h, heating to 110-;
example 2:
the specific preparation process of the modified vegetable oil is as follows:
step 1, mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: mixing according to the proportion of 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, adding 1kg of the mixed oil into a reaction kettle, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding 13g of sodium hydroxide into 240g of crotyl alcohol, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, keeping the temperature unchanged, stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours, layering the product, washing an upper oil layer to be neutral, and drying to obtain pretreated vegetable oil;
step 2, weighing a certain amount of acrylamide, dissolving the acrylamide in ethanol to prepare an acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60%, adding 1kg of the pretreated vegetable oil prepared in the step 1 into a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle for 30min, then adding 73g of benzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, heating to 90-95 ℃, then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-40min, continuously dropwise adding 130g of crotyl alcohol into the reaction kettle, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 1h, heating to 110-115 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5h, layering the obtained product, heating the oil phase to 100 ℃, and evaporating for 2-3h to obtain yellow transparent oily liquid, namely the modified vegetable oil.
Example 3:
the specific preparation process of the modified vegetable oil is as follows:
step 1, mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: mixing according to the proportion of 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, adding 1kg of the mixed oil into a reaction kettle, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding 13g of sodium hydroxide into 240g of crotyl alcohol, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, keeping the temperature unchanged, stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours, layering the product, washing an upper oil layer to be neutral, and drying to obtain pretreated vegetable oil;
step 2, weighing a certain amount of acrylamide, dissolving the acrylamide in ethanol to prepare an acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60%, adding 1kg of the pretreated vegetable oil prepared in the step 1 into a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle for 30min, then adding 81g of benzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, heating to 90-95 ℃, then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-40min, continuously dropwise adding 240g of the prepared acrylamide solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 1h, heating to 110-115 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5h, layering the obtained product, heating the oil phase to 100 ℃, and evaporating for 2-3h to obtain yellow transparent oily liquid, namely the modified vegetable oil.
Example 4:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, adding 700g of the modified vegetable oil prepared in the example 1 into a reaction kettle, then adding 34g of formaldehyde solution (with the concentration of 37%) and 13g of 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, uniformly stirring, then dropwise adding sulfuric acid into the mixture to control the acidity of the solution to be pH 1, then heating the mixture to 50-60 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 8-9h, then carrying out layered filtration on the product, taking the generated oil phase, and washing the oil phase to be neutral to obtain antioxidant lubricating oil;
step two, adding the antioxidant lubricating oil prepared in the step one and 60g of phytic acid into a reaction kettle at the same time, then adding 13g of p-methoxyphenol into the reaction kettle, heating to 85-90 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5 hours to obtain modified lubricating oil;
and step three, simultaneously adding the modified lubricating oil prepared in the step two, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano-zirconia, 26.5g of nano-molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 5:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, 700g of the modified vegetable oil prepared in the embodiment 2, 60g of phytic acid, is added into a reaction kettle at the same time, 13g of p-methoxyphenol is added into the reaction kettle, and the temperature is raised to 85-90 ℃ for reflux reaction for 4-5 hours to obtain modified lubricating oil;
and step two, simultaneously adding the modified lubricating oil prepared in the step one, 13g of 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano-zirconia, 26.5g of nano-molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 6:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, adding 700g of the modified vegetable oil prepared in the example 3 into a reaction kettle, then adding 34g of formaldehyde solution (with the concentration of 37%) and 13g of 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, uniformly stirring, then dropwise adding sulfuric acid into the mixture to control the acidity of the solution to be pH 1, then heating the mixture to 50-60 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 8-9h, then carrying out layered filtration on the product, taking the generated oil phase, and washing the oil phase to be neutral to obtain modified lubricating oil;
and step two, simultaneously adding the modified lubricating oil prepared in the step one, 60g of phytic acid, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano-zirconia, 26.5g of nano-molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 7:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes: mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, weighing 700g of the mixed oil, 13g of 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, 60g of phytic acid, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano-zirconia, 26.5g of nano-molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, simultaneously adding, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 8:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes: mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: and (3) mixing according to the proportion of 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, weighing 700g of the mixed oil, 60g of phytic acid, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano-zirconia, 26.5g of nano-molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, simultaneously adding, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 9:
a preparation method of biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes: mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1: 0.8 to obtain mixed oil, weighing 700g of the mixed oil, 13g of 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, 32.5g of graphene, 21.1g of nano zirconia, 26.5g of nano molybdenum disulfide and 16g of dispersing agent, simultaneously adding, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
Example 10:
the biodegradable lubricating oils prepared in examples 4 to 9 were oxidized in a xenon aging test chamber at an ultraviolet irradiation intensity of 45mW/cm2Controlling the temperature of a xenon lamp aging test box to be 50 ℃, placing the xenon lamp aging test box in sample boxes with different temperatures for 10 days, 20 days and 30 days, and measuring the millimole number of peroxide oxygen in each kilogram of lubricating oil according to the national standard GB/T5538-95, wherein the measurement results are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 peroxide values mmol/kg of biodegradable lubricating oils aged at different temperatures for different times
| Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 | Example 9 | |
| 10 days | 2.3 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 14.5 | 15.1 |
| 20 days | 3.3 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 23.6 | 22.8 |
| 30 days | 3.8 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 32.1 | 31.4 |
As can be seen from table 1, the lubricating oil prepared in example 4 has high oxidation resistance, the peroxide value content of the lubricating oil is still as low as 3.8mmol/kg after being placed for 30 days under the action of ultraviolet rays and at a certain temperature, the phytic acid can chelate metal ions, so that the oxidation-promoting metal ions lose activity after chelation, hydrogen is released at the same time, peroxide generated in the self-oxidation process is destroyed, the high oxidation resistance is realized, the antioxidant absorbs ultraviolet rays to realize photooxidation resistance of the lubricating oil through the synergistic effect with the antioxidant, the complete oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil can be effectively realized through the combined effect of the two, while the oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil prepared in examples 5, 6 and 7 is reduced, as the 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone and the phytic acid are directly mixed in the vegetable oil through physical effect, the compatibility with the vegetable oil is low, so that the 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone and the phytic acid are not uniformly mixed in the vegetable oil, the oxidation resistance of the vegetable oil is not uniform, the average oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil is reduced, meanwhile, the oxidation resistance of the lubricating oil prepared in the examples 8 and 9 is greatly reduced, as the phytic acid is only added in the example 8, the phytic acid and the metal ions have chelation, the oxidation-promoting metal ions lose activity after chelation, simultaneously, hydrogen is released, peroxide generated in the autoxidation process is damaged, high oxidation resistance is realized, when ultraviolet rays are intensively irradiated, free radicals are generated in the lubricating oil, so that the lubricating oil is oxidized, while the 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone is only added in the example 9, the absorption of the ultraviolet rays is realized through the 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, the lubricating oil is prevented from being oxidized by the action of ultraviolet rays on the lubricating oil to generate free radicals, but the vegetable oil has an autoxidation function, so that the vegetable oil can be oxidized after being placed at a high temperature for a long time.
Example 11:
the lubricating oils prepared in examples 4 to 9 were used for corrosion testing of bearings, and were tested with reference to SAE ARP4249, the same bearings were immersed in the lubricating oils prepared in examples 4 to 9 at 35 ℃ for 4 hours, respectively, and then fished out, and then the bearings were placed in a test box, the humidity in the test box was controlled to 65%, and the corrosion of the bearing surfaces was observed after the standing time was controlled to 5 days, 8 days, and 10 days, with the results shown in table 2;
TABLE 2 results of measurement of Corrosion prevention Properties of lubricating oils prepared in examples 4 to 9
As can be seen from table 2, in example 4, the bearing surface has no corrosion point, and the phytic acid introduced into the lubricating oil contains a large amount of phosphate groups, so that the phytic acid can be complexed with metal ions on the metal surface, a dense protective film is formed on the metal surface, oxygen is effectively prevented from entering the metal surface, and the metal surface corrosion is resisted, and the phytic acid is uniformly combined with the molecular chain of the lubricating oil through chemical action, so that the phytic acid is uniformly dispersed in oleic acid, and the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil is uniform; in examples 5, 6, 7 and 8, phytic acid is directly mixed in the lubricating oil through physical action, so that uneven mixing is easily caused, and further, the local part of the bearing cannot be protected from corrosion, and in example 9, phytic acid is not added, so that the lubricating oil does not have corrosion resistance, and further, the surface of the lubricating oil is corroded in a large area.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The biodegradable lubricating oil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
70-75 parts of modified vegetable oil, 3.4-3.8 parts of formaldehyde solution, 1.3-1.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.6-0.7 part of preservative, 0.8-1.2 parts of wear-resistant assistant and 1.6-2.5 parts of dispersant;
the specific preparation process of the modified vegetable oil comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing cottonseed oil, soybean oil and castor oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.1-2.3: 0.8-0.9 to obtain mixed oil, adding the mixed oil into a reaction kettle after mixing, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding a certain amount of sodium hydroxide into crotyl alcohol, uniformly stirring and mixing, then adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, keeping the temperature constant, stirring and reacting for 4-5 hours, layering the product, washing an upper oil layer to be neutral, and drying to obtain the pretreated vegetable oil, wherein the reaction structural formula is as follows;
step 2, weighing a certain amount of acrylamide, dissolving the acrylamide in ethanol to prepare an acrylamide solution with the mass concentration of 60%, adding the pretreated vegetable oil prepared in the step 1 into a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle for 30min, then adding a certain amount of benzoyl peroxide into the reaction kettle, heating to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30-40min, continuously dropwise adding crotyl alcohol and the prepared acrylamide solution into the reaction kettle, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 1h, heating to 110-115 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5h, layering the obtained product, heating the oil phase to 100 ℃, and evaporating for 2-3h to obtain yellow transparent oily liquid, namely modified vegetable oil, wherein the reaction structural formula is shown as follows;
the antioxidant is 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone, and the preservative is phytic acid;
the preparation method of the biodegradable lubricating oil comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, weighing a certain amount of modified vegetable oil, adding the modified vegetable oil into a reaction kettle, adding a formaldehyde solution and an antioxidant into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, dropwise adding sulfuric acid into the reaction kettle to control the acidity of the solution to be pH 1, heating to 50-60 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 8-9h, then carrying out layered filtration on the product, taking a generated oil phase, and washing to be neutral to obtain antioxidant lubricating oil;
secondly, simultaneously adding the antioxidant lubricating oil and the preservative prepared in the first step into a reaction kettle, then adding p-methoxyphenol into the reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 85-90 ℃, and carrying out reflux reaction for 4-5 hours to obtain modified lubricating oil;
and step three, simultaneously adding the modified lubricating oil, the wear-resistant auxiliary agent and the dispersing agent prepared in the step two, stirring and mixing for 40-50min to obtain the biodegradable lubricating oil.
2. The biodegradable lubricating oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant auxiliary agent is graphene, nano zirconia, and nano molybdenum disulfide in a mass ratio of 1: 0.65-0.72: 0.81-0.85 in proportion.
3. The biodegradable lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of sodium hydroxide added in step 1 is 1.3% by mass of the mixed oil, and 0.24 to 0.25g of crotyl alcohol per gram of the mixed oil.
4. The biodegradable lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein 0.12 to 0.14g of benzoyl peroxide, 0.24 to 0.25g of a 60% by mass acrylamide solution, and 0.13 to 0.14g of crotyl alcohol are added to each gram of the pretreated vegetable oil in step 2.
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| CN1473860A (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2004-02-11 | 郑可省 | Process for producing castor oil modified polyarylester graft copolymer textile size and size |
| CN104762121A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-08 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | Method using plant oil after-cut fraction for production of green lubricating oil |
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| US6365558B2 (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2002-04-02 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Vegetable oils containing styrene/butadiene copolymers in combination with additional commercial polymers that have good low temperature and high temperature viscometrics |
| DE102009022593A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-17 | KLüBER LUBRICATION MüNCHEN KG | Lubricant composition based on natural and renewable raw materials |
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| CN1473860A (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2004-02-11 | 郑可省 | Process for producing castor oil modified polyarylester graft copolymer textile size and size |
| CN104762121A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-07-08 | 广西壮族自治区分析测试研究中心 | Method using plant oil after-cut fraction for production of green lubricating oil |
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