CN111073082A - Plastic and rubber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic and rubber composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111073082A CN111073082A CN201911298231.4A CN201911298231A CN111073082A CN 111073082 A CN111073082 A CN 111073082A CN 201911298231 A CN201911298231 A CN 201911298231A CN 111073082 A CN111073082 A CN 111073082A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plastic and rubber composite material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of rubber-plastic rubber material, 25-45 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 part of accelerator, 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent and 1-6 parts of activator. The invention adds the natural surfactant sorbitan fatty acid ester with compatibilization function and the addition compound of alkyl epoxide into the incompatible rubber/plastic polymer blend, and simultaneously is a dispersant, so as to generate a phase dispersion-crosslinking synergistic effect, reduce the dosage of vulcanizing agent, accelerator and processing aid by more than twenty percent, and the vulcanized composite material has good elasticity, compression deformation resistance, aging resistance and wear resistance, thereby not only reducing the cost, but also improving the competitive power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rubber and plastic materials, in particular to a composite material of plastic and rubber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The problems that harmful gas and waste products accompanied in the production process of plastics and rubber pollute the environment of final products and are discarded everywhere when the service life of the plastic products reaches the limit are serious day by day, and especially the untimely treatment of waste plastic products gradually causes public nuisance.
The rubber and plastic blending is that rubber and plastic are processed by a specific processing method, so that the obtained blended material has the dual characteristics of rubber and plastic. The two phases in the blend still maintain the respective characteristics, no new substances are generated after blending, and only the two phases form combination at the interface, which shows that the performances are complementary with each other.
With the rapid development of the rubber and plastic industry and other polymer material industries, the occupied position of the internal mixer in the polymer material processing is more and more important, and the application is more and more extensive; meanwhile, the requirements on the performance of the internal mixer are more and more strict. The mixing process is a key factor for determining the rubber/plastic blending quality, and the internal mixer is the most main mixing equipment, so that the intensive research on the mixing process of the internal mixer becomes an important way for improving the rubber/plastic blending quality.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a plastic and rubber composite material with wide application, high quality and good biodegradability, which can effectively reduce the raw material cost and does not generate substances harmful to the environment in each link of preparation, production and preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly and high-quality plastic and rubber composite material and a preparation method thereof, which can be mixed with water at will and are convenient and safe to use.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of rubber-plastic rubber material, 25-45 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 part of accelerator, 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent and 1-6 parts of activator.
Preferably, the rubber-plastic rubber material is composed of rubber and plastic according to a mass ratio of 5-9: 1-5.
Preferably, the rubber is selected from one or more of styrene butadiene rubber, natural rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber and ethylene propylene rubber. More preferably, the rubber is selected from one or both of styrene-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber.
Preferably, the plastic is selected from one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyamide modified by adding 30% of glass fiber, polycarbonate reinforced and modified by glass fiber or carbon fiber and polystyrene. Further preferably, the plastic is selected from one or more of polycarbonate modified by glass fiber or carbon fiber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene and polyamide modified by glass fiber. More preferably, the polycarbonate and the polyamide are reinforced and modified by 30% of glass fiber.
Preferably, the filler is selected from one or more of modified white carbon black, plant fiber, nano calcium carbonate, natural mineral modified diatomite, silica, kaolin and titanium dioxide. More preferably, the filler is selected from one or more of modified white carbon black, plant fiber, nano calcium carbonate and natural mineral modified diatomite.
Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is selected from one or two of sulfur and peroxide.
Preferably, the accelerator is selected from one or more of sulfenamides, thiurams and triallylisocyanurate.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is at least one of unsaturated fatty acid zinc or polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester.
Preferably, the active agent is selected from adducts of sorbitan fatty acid esters with alkyl epoxides. The addition product of sorbitan fatty acid ester and alkyl epoxide is a natural active agent, has low toxicity and good biodegradability, and is a dispersant and a compatibilizer which are added into rubber and plastic rubber materials to generate a phase dispersion-crosslinking synergistic effect, so that the compatibility is good, and the binding power is effectively improved.
A preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
putting the rubber and plastic rubber material into an internal mixer for plastication and rubber discharge to obtain blended rubber and plastic; then sequentially adding a filler, an accelerator, an auxiliary agent and an active agent for mixing, discharging, and obtaining a rubber compound; feeding the rubber compound and a vulcanizing agent into an open mill for refining, blanking, cooling and placing to obtain a rubber compound blank; then the mixed blank is placed into an open mill for turning over and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet; and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Preferably, the rubber and plastic rubber material is put into an internal mixer to be plasticated for 5 to 15 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 110 ℃; then sequentially adding the filler, the accelerator, the auxiliary agent and the activator, and mixing for 5-15 minutes at the temperature of 130-; putting the mixing gum and a vulcanizing agent into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-10 to-5 ℃ for 24 to 30 hours to obtain a mixing blank; then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet; and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
The rotor and the weight of the mixing chamber of the internal mixer adopt an M-W pressurized design, the formula materials move in the mixing chamber in an X-shaped curve, the materials are stirred, sheared, extruded and kneaded at any dead angle in the mixing chamber, the collision chance of rubber/plastic materials in the mixing chamber is increased, the materials are uniformly mixed, the optimal dispersion effect is achieved, the mixing chamber of the internal mixer is designed with double-layer leakage prevention, the principle that the secondary corner is 90 degrees is realized, the powder leakage probability is greatly reduced, and the powder leakage time is prolonged; the adopted sealing material is synthesized by high mountain wood flour and graphite fiber, and has wear resistance, easy maintenance, difficult deformation and strong toughness; the problem that the material is polluted or the material proportion is influenced due to powder leakage in the industry is solved, so that the product quality is influenced.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention adds the natural surfactant sorbitan fatty acid ester with compatibilization function and the addition compound of alkyl epoxide into the incompatible rubber/plastic polymer blend, and simultaneously is a dispersant, so as to generate a phase dispersion-crosslinking synergistic effect, reduce the dosage of vulcanizing agent, accelerator and processing aid by more than twenty percent, and the vulcanized composite material has good elasticity, elongation at break, impact resistance, bonding strength, compression deformation resistance and obvious reinforcing effect, thereby not only reducing the cost, but also improving the competitive power.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by examples below. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Example 2
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Example 3
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Example 4
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Example 5
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
Comparative example 1
A composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a preparation method of a composite material of plastic and rubber comprises the following steps:
(1) putting styrene butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, 30% glass fiber modified polyamide and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene into an internal mixer, plasticating for 5 minutes at 100 ℃, and discharging rubber to obtain blended rubber and plastic;
(2) adding the modified white carbon black, the plant fiber, the sulfenamides, the triallyl isocyanurate, the unsaturated fatty acid zinc and the addition product of the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the alkyl epoxide in sequence, mixing for 5 minutes at 130 ℃, discharging, and obtaining mixed rubber;
(3) putting the rubber compound, sulfur and peroxide into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-5 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain a rubber compound blank;
(4) then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet;
(5) and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
And (3) performance testing:
the novel composite materials prepared by blending the plastics and the rubber in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative example 1 are subjected to performance tests:
as can be seen from the above table, the bonding strength of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, all of which have a natural active agent added thereto, is as follows, compared to comparative example 1, which has no natural active agent added thereto: the temperature is increased to 3.7 to 4.0N/mm from 2.9; impact resistance: lifting to 590-660N/mm from 560; the elongation at break (%) was increased from 260 to 300-360%. The adhesive strength, impact resistance and elongation at break of the composite material are obviously enhanced by adding the active agent.
Claims (10)
1. The composite material of the plastic and the rubber is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of rubber-plastic synthetic rubber, 25-45 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.1-1 part of accelerator, 1-5 parts of auxiliary agent and 1-6 parts of activator.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the rubber-plastic synthetic rubber is composed of rubber and plastic according to a mass ratio of 5-9: 1-5.
3. The composite material of claim 2, wherein the rubber is selected from one or more of styrene-butadiene rubber, cis-1, 4-polybutadiene rubber, natural rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber and ethylene-propylene rubber; the plastic is selected from one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyamide modified by glass fiber, polycarbonate modified by glass fiber or carbon fiber and polystyrene.
4. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the filler is selected from one or more of white carbon black, plant fiber, nano calcium carbonate, natural mineral modified diatomite, silica, kaolin and titanium dioxide.
5. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the vulcanizing agent is selected from one or both of sulfur and peroxide.
6. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the accelerator is selected from one or more of the group consisting of sulfenamides, thiurams and triallylisocyanurate.
7. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the adjuvant is selected from at least one of unsaturated fatty acid zinc or polyol fatty acid ester.
8. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the active agent is chosen from adducts of sorbitan fatty acid esters with alkyl epoxides.
9. A process for the preparation of a composite of plastics and rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: putting the rubber and plastic rubber material into an internal mixer for plastication and rubber discharge to obtain blended rubber and plastic; then sequentially adding a filler, an accelerator, an auxiliary agent and an active agent for mixing, discharging, and obtaining a rubber compound; feeding the rubber compound and a vulcanizing agent into an open mill for refining, blanking, cooling and placing to obtain a rubber compound blank; then the mixed blank is placed into an open mill to be rolled, thinned and discharged to obtain a mixed rubber sheet; and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the rubber-plastic material is masticated in the internal mixer at 100-110 ℃ for 5-15 minutes; then sequentially adding the filler, the accelerator, the auxiliary agent and the activator, and mixing for 5-15 minutes at the temperature of 130-; putting the mixing gum and a vulcanizing agent into an open mill for refining, blanking, and cooling and placing in a cooling barrel at the temperature of-10 to-5 ℃ for 24 to 30 hours to obtain a mixing blank; then placing the mixed blank on an open mill to be rolled and thinned to 5-6mm, and discharging to obtain a mixed rubber sheet; and performing post-treatment on the mixed rubber sheet, namely cutting strips, cutting pieces, molding, vulcanizing on a flat vulcanizing machine at the temperature of 150-160 ℃, and simultaneously performing hot pressing, cooling, sizing and trimming processing to obtain the novel plastic and rubber blended composite material.
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| CN114752121A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-15 | 湖南铭弘体育产业股份有限公司 | Light degradable composite material for rubber track and preparation method thereof |
| CN115160671A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-11 | 广东志达行新材料有限公司 | Graphite alkene reinforcing rubber and plastic and fibre combined material integrated into one piece's sole |
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Application publication date: 20200428 |