CN111070370A - Ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and wet-method plate manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents

Ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and wet-method plate manufacturing process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111070370A
CN111070370A CN201911189420.8A CN201911189420A CN111070370A CN 111070370 A CN111070370 A CN 111070370A CN 201911189420 A CN201911189420 A CN 201911189420A CN 111070370 A CN111070370 A CN 111070370A
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parts
hot
plate
ecological environment
decorative plate
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郭戈
郭安文
郭峥岩
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Nanyang Normal University
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Nanyang Normal University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08Moulding or pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27NMANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and a wet-method plate making process thereof, which are characterized in that a composite material taking fresh pineapple leaves and an inorganic-organic composite adhesive as main raw materials is matched with a proper amount of a mildew preventive and an adhesion promoter, and the composite material is uniformly mixed, paved and molded by compression after being uniformly paved. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate can replace other wood artificial boards, other calcium silicate boards, gypsum boards and other building materials to be made into furniture, decoration materials and assembly type building materials, and has the remarkable advantages of convenient construction, low cost and the like. The new wet board making process is one original technological process, and the present invention has the method of crushing fresh pineapple leaf and stalk directly and mixing with glue without stoving and low production cost.

Description

Ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and wet-method plate manufacturing process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, relates to a novel composite material taking fresh pineapple leaves and an inorganic-organic adhesive as main raw materials, and relates to a wet ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and a wet-method plate making process thereof.
Background
The existing artificial boards take wood as a main raw material, cement as a main raw material and plastic wood as a main raw material, and the like, and the artificial boards have the defects of poor water resistance, poor strength, poor flame retardant property, toxic substance release, difficult quality control and the like.
Some people try to manufacture density boards by using wheat straws, rice straw or crop straws, and organic adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde resin, polyurethane, phenolic resin or melamine release a large amount of harmful substances to pollute the environment; attempts have been made to produce dense boards from inorganic adhesives such as cement, magnesite cement, magnesium sulfate-magnesium chloride cement, and phosphate cement. However, the production process technology utilizes dry biomass crushed aggregates, and the technology for manufacturing the artificial board by utilizing fresh pineapple leaves has not been reported.
The inventor finds that the formula of raw materials for production and the technical conditions of the production process are different in the actual production process of different straws in the long-term research and industrial production practice processes. The production process equipment and technology for manufacturing the board by using the fresh pineapple leaf fiber and the dry straw fiber are greatly different.
Pineapple leaves exist in great quantity in tropical areas such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan province and Taiwan province in China, and due to too low utilization value, the pineapple leaves are wasted in fields in large quantity, and the pineapple leaves pollute the environment when being burned or discarded in the fields, so that the pineapple leaves are one of the main sources of non-point source pollution. The water content of the fresh pineapple leaves is more than 85%, the straws can not be quickly rotten when returned to the field, the cultivation of crops in the next season is influenced, the environment is polluted by burning, and the technology for manufacturing the ecological environment-friendly fiber board by using the fresh pineapple leaves is invented on the basis of a large number of laboratory tests in order to solve the problem of resource utilization of the pineapple leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to fully utilize pineapple leaf resources, and provides an ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and a wet-method plate making process thereof by taking fresh pineapple leaves and an inorganic-organic composite adhesive as main raw materials, so that an effective way is explored for comprehensive utilization of pineapple leaves.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and a wet-process plate making process thereof are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-900 fresh pineapple leaves, 30-300 composite adhesive, 0-2 mildew preventive and 2-20 adhesion promoter.
The production process comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → extracting fibers (the water content is not less than 15%) with water, → mixing of quantitative adhesion promoter, mixing of quantitative adhesive, paving of blank plate, pre-pressing of blank plate, transportation of blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging of finished products.
In the raw materials, the pineapple leaves are fresh pineapple leaves which are not dried in the sun, so that the problem of a pineapple leaf drying field is greatly solved, namely the drying field is not needed. The organic components of the composite adhesive comprise: modified starch, soybean gum, rice soup, egg white protein, cyclodextrin, melamine formal, polyvinyl formal, starch adhesive, acrylic resin, bone glue, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyurethane, waterborne silicone resin, waterborne silicone rubber resin, waterborne asphalt and the like; the inorganic components of the composite adhesive mainly comprise: active pozzolan, silica, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, anhydrous calcium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium silicate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium oxide, silicates, phosphates, aluminates, cement, magnesium chloride, calcium oxide, and the like; the mildew preventive mainly comprises the following components: zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, and the like. The organic component is an adhesive, the inorganic component is a curing agent, and when the adhesive is used, the ratio of the adhesive to the curing agent is 1: 1-3, which is determined according to actual conditions; the adhesion promoter is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, etc.
In the production process, the technical indexes are as follows: the pressure of the hot-press forming is 3-200 MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 30-220 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 5-80 ℃.
The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and the wet-method plate manufacturing process thereof have requirements on heating temperature, pressurizing pressure and curing temperature, and the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is finally obtained by trimming and polishing the surface.
Preferably, the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 30 parts of composite adhesive, 0 part of mildew preventive and 2 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 3MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 30 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 5 ℃.
Preferably, the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 300 parts of composite adhesive, 2 parts of mildew preventive and 20 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 200MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 220 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 80 ℃.
Preferably, the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves; a composite adhesive 60; 1, mildew preventive; 3.5 of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press molding is 100 MPa; heating temperature for hot press molding is 120 ℃; the curing and dehydrating temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 90 parts of composite adhesive, 0 part of mildew preventive and 5.5 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 100MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 120 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
The invention uses pineapple leaves and inorganic-organic composite adhesive as main raw materials, produces the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate under certain production process conditions, has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, flame retardance, moisture resistance and the like, also has the advantages of no release of toxic substances, easy quality control, contribution to large-scale production of production process technology, full utilization of waste pineapple leaves, low cost, convenience in construction, labor and time conservation and great reduction of cost, and can be used for furniture, decoration materials and assembled building materials. Has obvious advantages and good social, economic and ecological benefits.
Detailed Description
Example one
An ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight and a production process: 300 parts of fresh pineapple leaves; a composite adhesive 30; 0 of mildew preventive; and (3) an adhesion promoter 2. The production process comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → extracting fibers (the water content is not less than 15%) with water, → mixing of quantitative adhesion promoter, mixing of quantitative adhesive, paving of blank plate, pre-pressing of blank plate, transportation of blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging of finished products. The main technical indexes are as follows: the pressure of the hot-press molding is 3 MPa; the heating temperature of hot-press molding is 30 ℃; the curing and dehydrating temperature of the formed plate is 5 ℃.
The performance index of the product is compared with the national primary standard of the medium density fiberboard as follows:
comparison of test results of various performance indexes of ecological environment-friendly decorative plate
Figure BDA0002293186570000051
Example two
An ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight and a production process: 900 parts of fresh pineapple leaves; composite adhesive 300; mildew preventive 2; an adhesion promoter 20. The production process comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → extracting fibers (the water content is not less than 15%) with water, → mixing of quantitative adhesion promoter, mixing of quantitative adhesive, paving of blank plate, pre-pressing of blank plate, transportation of blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging of finished products. The main technical indexes are as follows: the pressure of the hot-press molding is 200 MPa; the hot-press molding heating temperature is 220 ℃; the curing and dehydrating temperature of the formed plate is 80 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
An ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight and a production process: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves; a composite adhesive 60; 1, mildew preventive; and 3.5 of adhesion promoter. The production process comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → extracting fibers (the water content is not less than 15%) with water, → mixing of quantitative adhesion promoter, mixing of quantitative adhesive, paving of blank plate, pre-pressing of blank plate, transportation of blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging of finished products. The main technical indexes are as follows: the pressure of the hot-press molding is 100 MPa; heating temperature for hot press molding is 120 ℃; the curing and dehydrating temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
Example four
An ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight and a production process: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves; a composite adhesive 90; 0 of mildew preventive; and 5.5 of adhesion promoter. The production process comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → extracting fibers (the water content is not less than 15%) with water, → mixing of quantitative adhesion promoter, mixing of quantitative adhesive, paving of blank plate, pre-pressing of blank plate, transportation of blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging of finished products. The main technical indexes are as follows: the pressure of the hot-press molding is 100 MPa; heating temperature for hot press molding is 120 ℃; the curing and dehydrating temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
According to the adopted process flow, the pineapple leaves are smashed and squeezed, the squeezed fibers are washed by water, the water content of the fibers is about 15% after squeezing and dehydration, the wet fibers are prepared according to different purposes, the raw material proportions are directly mixed with the composite adhesive and the mildew preventive, the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred, and the mixture is uniformly filled into a die to be pressurized and heated for rapid forming. According to the plates with different purposes, after a period of time according to the corresponding forming heating temperature, pressure and curing dehydration temperature, slightly finishing to obtain the ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and the wet-process plate manufacturing process thereof.
The invention meets the relevant specified requirements through industrial production and use, is superior to wood artificial boards in ecological environmental protection and various performance indexes, has excellent performance, light weight, high strength, ecological environmental protection, flame retardance, moisture resistance and the like, meets the requirements of users, and is popular among users. "Green environmental protection straw board production project" of board science and technology limited company of Henan' an is listed in Yu Ke [ 2017 ] 232 about issuing the technical guidance catalogue of energy conservation, low carbon and environmental pollution prevention and control in Henan province, and obtains the first-class award of environmental protection science and technology progress in Henan province in 2018 (certificate number Yu environmental prize [2018]02-01), and obtains the certificate of ecological green building materials product (certificate number: EBMA-1082-.
The invention meets the relevant specified requirements through industrial production and use, is superior to wood artificial boards in ecological environmental protection and various performance indexes, has excellent performance, light weight, high strength, ecological environmental protection, flame retardance, moisture resistance and the like, meets the requirements of users, and is popular among users. "Green environmental protection straw board production project" of board science and technology limited company of Henan' an is listed in Yu Ke [ 2017 ] 232 about issuing the technical guidance catalogue of energy conservation, low carbon and environmental pollution prevention and control in Henan province, and obtains the first-class award of environmental protection science and technology progress in Henan province in 2018 (certificate number Yu environmental prize [2018]02-01), and obtains the certificate of ecological green building materials product (certificate number: EBMA-1082-. .
The invention provides an ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and a wet-method plate making process thereof for the field of building materials, wherein a composite material which uses fresh pineapple leaves and an inorganic-organic composite adhesive as main raw materials is matched with a proper amount of a mildew preventive and an adhesion promoter, and the composite material is uniformly mixed, paved and molded by compression after being uniformly paved. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate can replace other wood artificial boards, other calcium silicate boards, gypsum boards and other building materials to be made into furniture, decoration materials and assembly type building materials, and has the remarkable advantages of convenient construction, low cost and the like. The new wet plate-making process is an original process technology. The original board making process technology is to sun-dry or dry the straws and then make the boards, and the method adopted by the invention is to mix glue with the fresh pineapple leaf straws after directly crushing the fresh pineapple leaf straws, so that the drying is not needed, and the manufacturing cost is greatly saved.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-900 fresh pineapple leaves, 30-300 composite adhesive, 0-2 mildew preventive and 2-20 adhesion promoter;
the production process of the decorative plate comprises the following steps: crushing fresh pineapple leaf straws → extruding and dehydrating → water-washing and water-extracting fibers → mixing quantitative adhesion promoter → mixing quantitative adhesive → paving green blank plate → prepressing green blank plate → transporting green blank plate → hot press molding → dehydrating and curing → edge cutting and sanding → stacking and packaging finished products;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 3-200 MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 30-220 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 5-80 ℃.
2. The ecological and environment-friendly decorative plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the water-washed and water-extracted fibers is not less than 15%.
3. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 30 parts of composite adhesive, 0 part of mildew preventive and 2 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 3MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 30 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 5 ℃.
4. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 300 parts of composite adhesive, 2 parts of mildew preventive and 20 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 200MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 220 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 80 ℃.
5. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 60 parts of composite adhesive, 1 part of mildew preventive and 3.5 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 100MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 120 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
6. The ecological environment-friendly decorative plate as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of fresh pineapple leaves, 90 parts of composite adhesive, 0 part of mildew preventive and 5.5 parts of adhesion promoter;
the pressure of the hot-press forming is 100MPa, the heating temperature of the hot-press forming is 120 ℃, and the curing dehydration temperature of the formed plate is 60 ℃.
CN201911189420.8A 2019-11-28 2019-11-28 Ecological environment-friendly decorative plate and wet-method plate manufacturing process thereof Pending CN111070370A (en)

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CN117567981A (en) * 2023-10-20 2024-02-20 黄山贝诺科技有限公司 Preparation method of adhesive for aluminum-wood compounding

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