CN111064358A - Charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current - Google Patents

Charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111064358A
CN111064358A CN201911167004.8A CN201911167004A CN111064358A CN 111064358 A CN111064358 A CN 111064358A CN 201911167004 A CN201911167004 A CN 201911167004A CN 111064358 A CN111064358 A CN 111064358A
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current
switch
charge pump
current source
calibration
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CN111064358B (en
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张雷
张铁良
彭新芒
王金豪
侯贺刚
任艳
管海涛
孙丹
韩东群
朱泽华
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CHINA AEROSPACE TIMES ELECTRONICS CO LTD
Beijing Microelectronic Technology Institute
Mxtronics Corp
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CHINA AEROSPACE TIMES ELECTRONICS CO LTD
Beijing Microelectronic Technology Institute
Mxtronics Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a charge pump circuit with a self-calibration function and programmable current, which comprises a current source switch array, a current source switch decoding circuit, a current sink switch array, a current sink switch decoding circuit and a calibration circuit, wherein the current source switch array is connected with the current sink switch decoding circuit; the current source switch array and the current sink switch array are respectively connected to the output end of the charge pump; the current source switch decoding circuit and the current sink switch decoding circuit respectively decode the externally input control codes into switch control signals of the current source switch array and the current sink switch array; the calibration circuit automatically detects the current mismatch of the current source switch array and the current sink switch array, and self-calibration of the current mismatch of the charge pump is achieved. The invention solves the problem of the mismatching of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current caused by non-ideal factors such as process mismatching, channel modulation effect and the like, and greatly improves the matching precision of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current.

Description

Charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital-analog hybrid circuits such as a high-speed digital-analog converter, a radio frequency transceiver and a frequency synthesizer, and particularly relates to a charge pump circuit with a self-calibration function and programmable current.
Background
Military equipment such as wireless communication equipment and radars generally comprise digital-analog hybrid circuits such as a high-speed digital-analog converter, a radio frequency transceiver and a frequency synthesizer, and all of the circuits need a high-speed clock signal, and the quality of the clock signal directly affects the system performance, so that the improvement of the signal quality of the high-speed clock is of great importance. The high-performance high-speed clock is usually generated through a phase-locked loop circuit, a charge pump is used as a key circuit of the phase-locked loop, and the problem of clock signal spurious caused by voltage ripples caused by mismatching of charge current and discharge current of the charge pump is solved; the current of the charge pump directly determines the gain and bandwidth of the phase-locked loop circuit, and influences the noise performance and stability of the phase-locked loop circuit; however, due to mismatch of circuit production processes, the charge pump charging current and discharging current are mismatched due to temperature of a circuit working environment and power supply voltage fluctuation; in addition, in the charge pump operation, the charge pump charging current and the discharge current are influenced by the change of the output voltage Vo of the charge pump through a channel modulation effect. When the output voltage Vo of the charge pump rises, the charging current will decrease, and the discharging current will increase; when the output voltage Vo of the charge pump is reduced, the charging current is increased, and the discharging current is reduced; these charge pump charging and discharging current mismatches due to process, temperature, supply voltage, and channel modulation factors directly limit the pll circuit clock quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current solves the problems that the charge current and the discharge current of the charge pump circuit are mismatched and the current of the charge pump is not configurable, eliminates the mismatch of the charge current and the discharge current of the charge pump through the self-calibration circuit of the charge pump, and realizes the programmable accurate adjustment of the current of the charge pump within the range of 0.1 mA-6.4 mA in a digital configuration loop control mode.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a current programmable charge pump circuit having self-calibration functionality, comprising: the current source switch decoding circuit comprises a current source switch array, a current source switch decoding circuit, a current sink switch array, a current sink switch decoding circuit and a calibration circuit; wherein the current source switch decoding circuit is based on the input control code B<N:1>And the control signal UP is decoded into an N-path switch control signal UP of the current source switch array<N:1>(ii) a Meanwhile, the current sink switch decoding circuit is used for decoding the current sink switch according to an input control code B<N:1>And the DN control signal is decoded into N paths of switch control signals DN of the current sinking switch array<N:1>(ii) a The current source switch array comprises N binary weighted current sources, N current source resistors and N current source switches, each current source corresponds to one current source switch control output to form N current injection channels, wherein the on-off state of the ith current source switch is controlled by a switch control signal UP output by the current source switch decoding circuit<i>To control the current of the ith current source to be 2i-1I0Wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; the current sink switch array comprises N binary weighted current sinks, N current sink resistors and N currentsEach current sink corresponds to one current sink switch control output to form N paths of current extraction channels, wherein the on-off state of the jth current sink switch is controlled by a switch control signal DN output by a current sink switch decoding circuit<j>To control the current of the jth current sink to be 2j-1I0Wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; the calibration circuit generates a calibration code K according to the calibration control logic circuit<M:1>And changing bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array to eliminate the mismatch of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current.
In the above-mentioned charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current, the current source switch decoding circuit receives the N-bit input control code and the control signal UP, and decodes and outputs the N-bit switch control signal UP of the current source switch array<i>Wherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002287725400000021
the current sinking switch decoding circuit receives the N-bit input control code and the control signal DN and decodes and outputs the N-bit switch control signal DN of the current sinking switch array<j>Wherein DN<j>＝DN&B<j>J is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; when the control signal UP<i>When the value is 0, the current source switch of the corresponding controlled current source switch array is conducted, and when the control signal UP<i>When the number is 1, the current source switch of the corresponding controlled current source switch array is disconnected, and when the control signal DN is<j>When the current is 0, the current sink switch of the corresponding controlled current sink switch array is switched off, and when the control signal DN is<j>And when the current value is 1, the current sink switch of the correspondingly controlled current source switch array is switched on.
In the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current, the current source switch and the current source of the current source switch array are both formed by a single PMOS (P-channel metal oxide semiconductor) tube, the grid electrode of the PMOS tube forming the ith current source switch is connected with the ith control signal UP < i > output by the current source switch decoding circuit, the source electrode is connected with the power supply voltage, and the drain electrode is connected with one end of a resistor Ri; the other end of the resistor Ri is connected with a source electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source; the grid electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source is connected with a bias voltage Vp, the drain electrode is the output end of the current source switch array and is connected to the output end Vo of the charge pump, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; the current sink switch and the current sink of the current sink switch array are both formed by a single NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube forming the jth current sink switch is connected with the jth control signal DN < j > output by the current sink switch decoding circuit, the source electrode is connected with the ground potential, and the drain electrode is connected with one end of a resistor Rj; the other end of the resistor Rj is connected with a source electrode of an NMOS tube forming the jth current sink; the grid electrode of the NMOS tube forming the jth current sink is connected with a bias voltage Vn, the drain electrode is the output end of the current sink switch array and is connected with the output end Vo of the charge pump, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
In the above charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current, the calibration circuit includes an NMOS transistor M0、M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1、MMPMOS tube MP0、MP1、MP2Operational amplifiers A1, A2, switches S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and calibration control logic; wherein the calibration circuit generates calibration code K according to the calibration control logic circuit<M:1>Changing bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array to eliminate the mismatch of charge pump charging current and discharge current; NMOS tube M0Source ground potential GND, grid connected to power voltage, drain and NMOS transistor M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1Is connected to one end of a resistor Rf1, and the other end of the resistor Rf1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd to the negative input of operational amplifier a1 via switch S7; the negative input of the operational amplifier a1 is also connected to a reference voltage Vref through a switch S3; the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output terminal Vo of the charge pump and the reference voltage Vref through the switch S2 and the switch S6, respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd generating an output bias voltage Vn; NMOS tube M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1The source is connected with the ground potential GND, and the grid is connected with the calibration code K<1>、K<2>、...、K<i>、...、K<M-1>(ii) a The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A2 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier through a switch S1 and an on switchThe switch S5 is connected to the output Vo of the charge pump and the NMOS transistor MMThe negative input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the reference voltage Vref and the charge pump output Vo through the switch S0 and the switch S4, respectively; the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the grid electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 and generates an output bias voltage Vp; the source electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rf2, and the other end of the resistor Rf2 is connected with the drain ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP 1; the source ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP1 are connected with power supply voltage; grid electrode of PMOS tube MP0 is connected with calibration code K<M>(ii) a The gate ground potential GND of the PMOS tube MP 1; the calibration control logic circuit receives the output voltage Vo of the charge pump and generates a calibration code K<M:1>And switch gating signals Wp, Wn; when the switch gating signal Wp is 1 and Wn is 0, the switches S0, S1, S2 and S3 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the charge pump output Vo, and the negative terminal thereof is connected to the reference voltage Vref; the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the negative end is connected with the reference voltage Vref; at the moment, the charge pump is in a set state; when the switch gating signal Wp is 0 and Wn is 1, the switches S4, S5, S6 and S7 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, and the negative terminal is connected to the NMOS transistor MMA source electrode of (a); the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with an NMOS tube MMThe negative end of the drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump; the charge pump is now in operation.
In the charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current, both N and M are not less than 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the charge pump circuit is innovatively designed, and N current source switch paths and N current sink switch paths are controlled through decoding of an N-bit control code B < N:1> so as to realize programmable accurate control of the charge pump circuit; the current of the charge pump can reach 0.1 mA-6.4 mA, and the requirements of different working frequency bands of the phase-locked loop on loop gain and loop bandwidth are met;
(2) the charge pump circuit is innovatively designed, a servo loop is formed by the operational amplifier, so that the bias voltages Vp and Vn are synchronously changed along with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the current mismatch caused by the output voltage Vo of the charge pump through a channel modulation effect is eliminated; and by placing the switching tube at the near power supply end and the near ground end, toAnd source degeneration resistor R1、R2、...、RN-1、RNRf1 and Rf2 effectively improve the matching precision of the current source and reduce the influence of the non-ideal effects of switch feed-through, charge injection and the like on the charging current and the discharging current;
(3) the invention has the advantages that the charge pump circuit is innovatively designed, the self-calibration of the mismatch of the charge current and the discharge current of the charge pump is realized by introducing the calibration circuit, the current matching precision of the charge pump can be effectively improved, the voltage ripple caused by the mismatch of the charge pump current is reduced, and the clock quality is improved. Compared with other current matching and calibrating modes, the calibration does not depend on an ultrahigh process and a layout matching technology, the charge pump calibration does not need manual intervention, the calibration circuit is simple in structure and process, the normal work of the charge pump is not influenced, and the stability is high;
(4) the current configuration and calibration of the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current are both in a digital form, the precision is high, the charge pump circuit is insensitive to process and environmental factors, the working reliability of the charge pump circuit is ensured, the current configuration precision and range of the charge pump can be conveniently adjusted by expanding the configuration codes and the number of calibration codes, the calibration precision and the error range of the charge pump are directly controlled by digital codes, and the charge pump circuit is high in practicability.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current programmable charge pump circuit with self-calibration capability according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a current source switch array according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current sinking switch array circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a calibration circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a decoding circuit of the current source switch of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a current sinking switch decoding circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current can realize self-calibration of current mismatch of the charge pump and programmable accurate control of the current of the charge pump through a control code, as shown in fig. 1, the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current is a schematic diagram of the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current, and as can be seen from the schematic diagram, the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current comprises a current source switch array, a current source switch decoding circuit, a current sink switch array, a current sink switch decoding circuit and a calibration circuit;
the current source switch decoding circuit decodes the input control code B < N:1> and the UP control signal into an N-path switch control signal UP < N:1> of the current source switch array; meanwhile, the current sink switch decoding circuit decodes the input control code B < N:1> and the DN control signal into an N-path switch control signal DN < N:1> of the current sink switch array;
the current source switch array comprises N binary weighted current injection channels, wherein the on-off state of the ith switch is controlled by a switch control signal UP output by the current source switch decoding circuit<i>To control the current of the ith current source to be 2i-1I0Wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the current sink switch array comprises N binary weighted current extraction channels, wherein the j-th switchSwitching on and off a switch control signal DN output by a current sink switch decoding circuit<j>To control the current of the jth current sink to be 2j-1I0Wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the calibration circuit detects the output voltage Vo of the charge pump and changes the bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array so as to eliminate the mismatch of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a structure diagram of a current source switch array in a charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current according to the present invention, it can be seen that the switch and the current source of the current source switch array are both formed by a single PMOS transistor, the gate of the PMOS transistor forming the ith current source switch is connected to the ith control signal UP < i > output by the current source switch decoding circuit, the source is connected to the power voltage, and the drain is connected to one end of a resistor Ri; the other end of the resistor Ri is connected with a source electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source; the grid electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source is connected with a bias voltage Vp, the drain electrode is the output end of the current source switch array and is connected to the output end Vo of the charge pump, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
as shown in fig. 3, which is a structure diagram of a current sinking switch array in the charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current according to the present invention, it can be seen that the switch and the current sink of the current sinking switch array are both formed by a single NMOS transistor, the gate of the NMOS transistor forming the jth current sinking switch is connected to the jth control signal DN < j > output by the current sinking switch decoding circuit, the source is connected to the ground potential, and the drain is connected to one end of the resistor Rj; the other end of the resistor Rj is connected with a source electrode of an NMOS tube forming the jth current sink; the grid electrode of the NMOS tube forming the jth current sink is connected with a bias voltage Vn, the drain electrode is the output end of the current sink switch array and is connected to the output end Vo of the charge pump, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
for example, in this embodiment, the current source switch array and the current sink switch array both have N binary weighted current channels, when the control code is 000000, only one channel with the smallest weight is turned on, the charge pump current is 0.1mA, when the control code is 111111, all the current channels are turned on, the charge pump current is 6.4mA, that is, the control code is increased by 1, and the charge pump current is increased by 0.1 mA.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a calibration circuit of the current programmable charge pump circuit with self-calibration function according to the present invention, which shows that the calibration circuit includes an NMOS transistor M0、M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1、MMPMOS tube MP0、MP1、MP2Operational amplifiers A1 and A2, switches S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 and a calibration control logic circuit; the calibration circuit generates a calibration code K according to the calibration control logic circuit<M:1>And changing bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array to eliminate the mismatch of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current.
NMOS tube M0Source ground potential GND, grid connected to power voltage, drain and NMOS transistor M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1Is connected to one end of a resistor Rf1, and the other end of the resistor Rf1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd to the negative input of operational amplifier a1 via switch S7; the negative input of the operational amplifier a1 is also connected to a reference voltage Vref through a switch S3; the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output terminal Vo of the charge pump and the reference voltage Vref through the switch S2 and the switch S6, respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd generating an output bias voltage Vn;
NMOS tube M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1The source is connected with the ground potential GND, and the grid is connected with the calibration code K<1>、K<2>、...、K<i>、...、K<M-1>；
The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the output terminal Vo of the charge pump and the NMOS transistor M through the switch S1 and the switch S5 respectivelyMThe negative input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the reference voltage Vref and the charge pump output Vo through the switch S0 and the switch S4, respectively; the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the grid electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 and generates an output bias voltage Vp;
the source electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rf2, and the other end of the resistor Rf2 is connected with the drain ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP 1; the source ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP1 are connected with power supply voltage;
the grid of the PMOS tube MP0 is connected with a calibration code K < M >; the gate ground potential GND of the PMOS tube MP 1;
the calibration control logic circuit receives the voltage Vo of the output end of the charge pump and generates a calibration code K < M:1> and switch gating signals Wp and Wn; when the switch gating signal Wp is 1 and Wn is 0, the switches S0, S1, S2 and S3 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the charge pump output Vo, and the negative terminal thereof is connected to the reference voltage Vref; the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the negative end is connected with the reference voltage Vref; at the moment, the charge pump is in a set state;
when the switch gating signal Wp is 0 and Wn is 1, the switches S4, S5, S6 and S7 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, and the negative terminal is connected to the NMOS transistor MMA source electrode of (a); the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with an NMOS tube MMThe negative end of the drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump; at the moment, the charge pump is in a working state;
for example, in the embodiment, the calibration circuit receives a 4-bit calibration code, and when there is no mismatch between the charging current and the discharging current, the calibration code is 1000, and the charging current and the discharging current are kept equal; when the charging current is smaller than the discharging current, the calibration code is increased to 1001, and the charging current is compensated to achieve the purpose that the charging current is equal to the discharging current; the smaller the charging current is, the calibration code may be 1001, 1010, 11110, 1111, and when the calibration code may be 1111, the upper limit of the calibration circuit error is reached; when the charging current is larger than the discharging current, the calibration code is reduced to 0111, and the charging current is reduced to achieve the purpose that the charging current is equal to the discharging current; the larger the charging current is, the calibration code may be 0111, 0110,.
The specific implementation method of the current mismatch self-calibration of the charge pump is as follows:
step one, calibration preparation; setting the UP and DN signals as 1, resetting the calibration code as 0000;
step two, the charge pump enters a setting state; keeping the control signals UP and DN to be 1, the switch gating signal Wp is 1, Wn is 0, the switches S0, S1, S2 and S3 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the negative terminal is connected with the reference voltage Vref; the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the negative end is connected with the reference voltage Vref; at the moment, the charge pump is in a set state; the charge pump output voltage Vo is now equal to the reference voltage Vref;
step three, the charge pump enters a working state and starts to be calibrated; the switch gating signals Wp and Wn are 0 and 1, the switches S4, S5, S6 and S7 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected with the reference voltage Vref, and the negative terminal is connected with the NMOS transistor MMA source electrode of (a); the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with an NMOS tube MMThe negative end of the drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump; at the moment, the charge pump is in a working state; the current source array and the current sink array continuously charge and discharge the load at the output end of the charge pump at the same time;
step four, judging the state of the charge pump; if the voltage on the capacitor is detected to be reduced, accumulating the control code by 1, gradually increasing the charging current of the charge pump, then calibrating the charge pump, returning to the step (II), and carrying out the next calibration process; if the voltage on the capacitor is detected to be basically unchanged, namely the charge pump charging and discharging currents are completely matched, the charge pump calibration flow jumps to the step (five);
generating a charge pump calibration code; and latching the current calibration code to the memory, and completing the calibration. Ideally, the calibration code would lock to 1000.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current source switch decoding circuit in the current programmable charge pump circuit with self-calibration function according to the present invention, in which the current source switch decoding circuit receives an N-bit input control code and a control signal UP, and decodes and outputs the N-bit switch control signal UP of the current source switch array<i>Wherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002287725400000091
when the control signal UP < i > is 0, the correspondingly controlled current source array switch is turned on, and when the control signal UP < i > is 1, the correspondingly controlled current source array switch is turned off.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a structure diagram of a current source switch decoding circuit in the charge pump circuit with self-calibration function and programmable current according to the present invention, it can be seen that the current sink switch decoding circuit receives N-bit input control codes and control signals DN, and decodes and outputs N-bit switch control signals DN < j > of the current sink switch array, where DN < j > is DN & B < j >, and j is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
when the control signal DN < j > is 0, the corresponding controlled current sink array switch is switched off, and when the control signal DN < j > is 1, the corresponding controlled current source array switch is switched on.
The invention carries out innovative design on the charge pump circuit and controls the code B through N bits<N:1>The N current source switch paths and the N current sink switch paths are controlled by decoding, so that programmable accurate control over the charge pump circuit is realized; the current of the charge pump can reach 0.1 mA-6.4 mA, and the requirements of different working frequency bands of the phase-locked loop on loop gain and loop bandwidth are met; the charge pump circuit is innovatively designed, a servo loop is formed by the operational amplifier, so that the bias voltages Vp and Vn are synchronously changed along with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the current mismatch caused by the output voltage Vo of the charge pump through a channel modulation effect is eliminated; and by placing the switching tube at the near power supply end and the near ground end, and the source negative feedback resistor R1、R2、...、RN-1、RNRf1 and Rf2 effectively improve the matching precision of the current source and reduce the influence of the non-ideal effects of switch feed-through, charge injection and the like on the charging current and the discharging current; the invention has the advantages that the charge pump circuit is innovatively designed, the self-calibration of the mismatch of the charge current and the discharge current of the charge pump is realized by introducing the calibration circuit, the current matching precision of the charge pump can be effectively improved, the voltage ripple caused by the mismatch of the charge pump current is reduced, and the clock quality is improved. Compared with other current matching and calibrating modes, the calibration does not depend on an ultrahigh process and a layout matching technology, the charge pump calibration does not need manual intervention, the calibration circuit is simple in structure and process, the normal work of the charge pump is not influenced, and the stability is high; the current configuration and calibration of the charge pump circuit with the self-calibration function and the programmable current adopt digital forms, the precision is high, the charge pump circuit is insensitive to process and environmental factors, the working reliability of the charge pump circuit is ensured, and the configuration code and the calibration code can be expandedThe current configuration precision and range of the charge pump can be conveniently adjusted, the calibration precision and error range of the charge pump are directly controlled through digital coding, and the practicability is high.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.

Claims (5)

1. A current programmable charge pump circuit having a self-calibration function, comprising: the current source switch decoding circuit comprises a current source switch array, a current source switch decoding circuit, a current sink switch array, a current sink switch decoding circuit and a calibration circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the current source switch decoding circuit decodes the input control code B < N:1> and the control signal UP into N paths of switch control signals UP < N:1> of the current source switch array; meanwhile, the current sink switch decoding circuit decodes the input control code B < N:1> and the DN control signal into an N-path switch control signal DN < N:1> of the current sink switch array;
the current source switch array comprises N binary weighted current sources, N current source resistors and N current source switches, each current source corresponds to one current source switch control output to form N current injection channels, wherein the on-off state of the ith current source switch is controlled by a switch control signal UP output by the current source switch decoding circuit<i>To control the current of the ith current source to be 2i-1I0Wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the current sink switch array comprises N binary weighted current sinks, N current sink resistors and N current sink switches, each current sink corresponds to one current sink switch control output to form N paths of current extraction channels, and the on-off state of the jth current sink switch is controlled by the switch output by the current sink switch decoding circuitSystem signal DN<j>To control the current of the jth current sink to be 2j-1I0Wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the calibration circuit changes the bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array according to the calibration code K < M:1> generated by the calibration control logic circuit so as to eliminate the mismatch of the charge pump charging current and the discharge current.
2. The charge pump circuit with self-calibration and current programmable according to claim 1, wherein: the current source switch decoding circuit receives N-bit input control codes and a control signal UP, and decodes and outputs the N-bit switch control signal UP of the current source switch array<i>Wherein, in the step (A),
Figure FDA0002287725390000011
i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N; the current sinking switch decoding circuit receives the N-bit input control code and the control signal DN and decodes and outputs the N-bit switch control signal DN of the current sinking switch array<j>Wherein DN<j>＝DN&B<j>，1≤j≤N；
When the control signal UP < i > is 0, the current source switch of the corresponding controlled current source switch array is switched on, when the control signal UP < i > is 1, the current source switch of the corresponding controlled current source switch array is switched off, when the control signal DN < j > is 0, the current sink switch of the corresponding controlled current sink switch array is switched off, and when the control signal DN < j > is 1, the current sink switch of the corresponding controlled current source switch array is switched on.
3. The charge pump circuit with self-calibration and current programmable according to claim 1, wherein: the current source switch and the current source of the current source switch array are both formed by a single PMOS tube, the grid electrode of the PMOS tube forming the ith current source switch is connected with the ith control signal UP < i > output by the current source switch decoding circuit, the source electrode is connected with the power supply voltage, and the drain electrode is connected with one end of a resistor Ri; the other end of the resistor Ri is connected with a source electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source; the grid electrode of a PMOS tube forming the ith current source is connected with a bias voltage Vp, the drain electrode is the output end of the current source switch array and is connected to the output end Vo of the charge pump, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the current sink switch and the current sink of the current sink switch array are both formed by a single NMOS tube, the grid electrode of the NMOS tube forming the jth current sink switch is connected with the jth control signal DN < j > output by the current sink switch decoding circuit, the source electrode is connected with the ground potential, and the drain electrode is connected with one end of a resistor Rj; the other end of the resistor Rj is connected with a source electrode of an NMOS tube forming the jth current sink; the grid electrode of the NMOS tube forming the jth current sink is connected with a bias voltage Vn, the drain electrode is the output end of the current sink switch array and is connected with the output end Vo of the charge pump, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
4. The charge pump circuit with self-calibration and current programmable according to claim 1, wherein: the calibration circuit comprises an NMOS tube M0、M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1、MMPMOS tube MP0、MP1、MP2Operational amplifiers A1, A2, switches S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and calibration control logic; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the calibration circuit changes bias voltages Vp and Vn required by the current source switch array and the current sink switch array according to a calibration code K < M:1> generated by the calibration control logic circuit so as to eliminate the mismatch of charge current and discharge current of the charge pump;
NMOS tube M0Source ground potential GND, grid connected to power voltage, drain and NMOS transistor M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1Is connected to one end of a resistor Rf1, and the other end of the resistor Rf1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd to the negative input of operational amplifier a1 via switch S7; the negative input of the operational amplifier a1 is also connected to a reference voltage Vref through a switch S3; the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output terminal Vo of the charge pump and the reference voltage Vref through the switch S2 and the switch S6, respectively, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the NMOS transistor MMAnd a gate ofGenerating an output bias voltage Vn;
NMOS tube M1、M2、...、Mi、...、MM-1The source is connected with the ground potential GND, and the grid is connected with the calibration code K<1>、K<2>、...、K<i>、...、K<M-1>；
The positive input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the output terminal Vo of the charge pump and the NMOS transistor M through the switch S1 and the switch S5 respectivelyMThe negative input terminal of the operational amplifier a2 is connected to the reference voltage Vref and the charge pump output Vo through the switch S0 and the switch S4, respectively; the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the grid electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 and generates an output bias voltage Vp;
the source electrode of the PMOS tube MP2 is connected with one end of a resistor Rf2, and the other end of the resistor Rf2 is connected with the drain ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP 1; the source ends of the PMOS tubes MP0 and MP1 are connected with power supply voltage;
the grid of the PMOS tube MP0 is connected with a calibration code K < M >; the gate ground potential GND of the PMOS tube MP 1;
the calibration control logic circuit receives the voltage Vo of the output end of the charge pump and generates a calibration code K < M:1> and switch gating signals Wp and Wn; when the switch gating signal Wp is 1 and Wn is 0, the switches S0, S1, S2 and S3 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the charge pump output Vo, and the negative terminal thereof is connected to the reference voltage Vref; the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump, and the negative end is connected with the reference voltage Vref; at the moment, the charge pump is in a set state;
when the switch gating signal Wp is 0 and Wn is 1, the switches S4, S5, S6 and S7 are gated, the positive terminal of the operational amplifier a1 is connected to the reference voltage Vref, and the negative terminal is connected to the NMOS transistor MMA source electrode of (a); the positive end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with an NMOS tube MMThe negative end of the drain electrode of the transistor is connected with the output Vo of the charge pump; the charge pump is now in operation.
5. A charge pump circuit with self-calibration and current programmable according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: both N and M are not less than 3.
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