CN111063334A - 一种建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法,参考麦克风采集噪声信号并对其取四次谐波再输出至控制***。选取全空间时间平均势能为降噪目标函数,分析降噪区域的驻波声场分布并求出声学模态反界面位置,将扬声器安装在该位置处。控制***实时采集四次谐波信号和残余噪声信号作为参考信号,再对参考信号进行处理得到权系数。再对权系数进行求和并取实部运算后作为扬声器的输入信号,驱动扬声器产生与参考噪声信号反向信号。误差麦克风采集的残余噪声传输给控制***,控制***对残余噪声信号进行取平均值处理。然后采用多通道滤波最小均方算法判断取平均值后的残余噪声是否满足室内噪声要求。本方法保证了海洋平台密闭空间室内的舒适度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法,尤其涉及海洋模块密闭空间内部舾装谐振前馈主动降噪方法。
背景技术
通常情况下噪声源的种类有很多,从而使得空间内的噪声成分是比较复杂的。传统的空间场内主动降噪方法是通过各个噪声采样点测量噪声信号,使用滤波电路对每个噪声信号进行处理以产生降噪信号来达到降噪的目的。处理方式主要是以整个场空间采样点上声信号功率的平均值高低为评价标准,如果各个采样点声信号功率的平均值均达到降噪标准,则认为空间场整体噪声水平降低。但是,由于空间场的噪声十分的复杂,采集部分点的降噪量,并不能代表空间场的整体降噪水平,考虑到各个降噪信号对彼此的影响,使得仅仅根据各个噪声采样点的降噪结果来表征空间场的降噪水平是不准确的,降噪效果也不佳,噪声突出区域的降噪效果不明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服已有技术的不足,提供一种能够在固定范围内抵消噪声,提升舱内环境舒适度的建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法。
本发明的一种建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在待降噪区域内安装主动空间降噪装置,具体布置方法如下:
第一步,将R个用于噪声拾取的参考麦克风安装在待降噪区域的外墙壁上,所述的参考麦克风用于采集参考噪声信号,每个参考信号取四次谐波;
第二步,选取全空间时间平均势能为降噪目标函数,通过有源噪声控制理论,分析待降噪区域的驻波声场分布,得到三维封闭空间驻波声场,由驻波声场得出声学模态反界面位置;
第三步,将M个用于残余噪声拾取的误差麦克风分别安装在每一个与三维封闭空间驻波声场声模态位置反界面对应的空间位置坐标处;
分别在待降噪区域中与每个声学模态的最大幅值对应的三维空间位置坐标处安装一个扬声器;
步骤二、将R个参考麦克风采集到的参考信号的四次谐波噪声信号输出至控制***,作为解析降噪的输入信号;
步骤三、控制***将实时采集的四次谐波噪声信号和误差麦克风采集到的残余噪声信号作为参考信号,再采用多通道滤波最小均方算法对参考信号进行处理得到与更新后的四次谐波噪声信号分别对应的权系数;
步骤四、将更新后的权系数过求和和取实部运算后作为扬声器的输入信号,驱动各个扬声器产生与参考噪声信号幅度相同、相位相反的反向信号,用于抵消噪声的声波信号;
步骤五、M个误差麦克风采集待降噪区域内的残余噪声并传输给控制***,所述的控制***对M个残余噪声信号进行取平均值处理,然后采用多通道滤波最小均方算法判断取平均值后的残余噪声是否满足室内噪声要求,如果满足室内噪声要求,则降噪效果满足要求;如果残余噪声不满足室内噪声要求,则重复步骤二-步骤五。
本发明的有益效果是:
此方法可以使用在不同大小的密闭空间。外观简洁,适合海洋模块内部使用,保证了海洋平台密闭空间室内的舒适度。
附图说明
图1是建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法控制原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
如图1所示本发明的一种建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在待降噪区域内安装主动空间降噪装置,具体布置方法如下:
第一步,将R个用于噪声拾取的参考麦克风安装在待降噪区域的外墙壁上,每平米安装一个即可。所述的参考麦克风用于采集参考噪声信号,每个参考信号取四次谐波。
第二步,选取全空间时间平均势能为降噪目标函数,通过有源噪声控制理论,分析待降噪区域的驻波声场分布,得到三维封闭空间驻波声场,由驻波声场得出声学模态反界面位置,即误差麦克风检测到的次级声源强度等于最优次级声源强度时所满足的条件。
目标函数的建立方法具体参见邱亚宇.浅析封闭空间噪声主动控制误差传感器的布置[J].黑龙江科技信息,2011(36):55.。有源噪声控制理论参见陈克安.有源噪声控制技术及其在舰船中的应用[J].中国舰船研究,2017,12(04):17。
第三步,将M个用于残余噪声拾取的误差麦克风分别安装在每一个与三维封闭空间驻波声场声模态位置反界面对应的空间位置坐标处;
分别在待降噪区域中与每个声学模态的最大幅值对应的三维空间位置坐标处安装一个扬声器;
步骤二、将R个参考麦克风采集到的参考信号的四次谐波噪声信号输出至控制***,作为解析降噪的输入信号。
步骤三、控制***将实时采集的四次谐波噪声信号和误差麦克风采集到的残余噪声信号en作为参考信号,再采用多通道滤波最小均方(FXLMS)算法对参考信号进行处理得到与更新后的四次谐波噪声信号分别对应的权系数Wn(具体参见胡啸,胡爱群,涂有超.机动车辆室内复合主动噪声控制***的设计[J].噪声与振动控制,2001(01):8-12.)。
步骤四、将更新后的权系数Wn经过求和和取实部运算后作为扬声器的输入信号,驱动各个扬声器产生与参考噪声信号幅度相同、相位相反的反向信号,用于抵消噪声的声波信号。
步骤五、M个误差麦克风采集待降噪区域内的残余噪声en并传输给控制***,所述的控制***对M个残余噪声信号进行取平均值处理。然后采用多通道滤波最小均方(FXLMS)算法判断取平均值后的残余噪声是否满足室内噪声要求,如果满足室内噪声要求,则降噪效果满足要求;如果残余噪声en不满足室内噪声要求,则重复步骤二-步骤五。
以上说明对本发明专利而言只是说明性的,而非限制性的,本领域普通技术人员理解,在不脱离权利要求所限定的范围的情况下,可作出许多修改、变化或等效,但都将落入本发明专利的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种建筑模块密闭空间前馈主动降噪方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在待降噪区域内安装主动空间降噪装置,具体布置方法如下:
第一步,将R个用于噪声拾取的参考麦克风安装在待降噪区域的外墙壁上,所述的参考麦克风用于采集参考噪声信号,每个参考信号取四次谐波;
第二步,选取全空间时间平均势能为降噪目标函数,通过有源噪声控制理论,分析待降噪区域的驻波声场分布,得到三维封闭空间驻波声场,由驻波声场得出声学模态反界面位置;
第三步,将M个用于残余噪声拾取的误差麦克风分别安装在每一个与三维封闭空间驻波声场声模态位置反界面对应的空间位置坐标处;
分别在待降噪区域中与每个声学模态的最大幅值对应的三维空间位置坐标处安装一个扬声器;
步骤二、将R个参考麦克风采集到的参考信号的四次谐波噪声信号输出至控制***,作为解析降噪的输入信号;
步骤三、控制***将实时采集的四次谐波噪声信号和误差麦克风采集到的残余噪声信号作为参考信号,再采用多通道滤波最小均方算法对参考信号进行处理得到与更新后的四次谐波噪声信号分别对应的权系数;
步骤四、将更新后的权系数经过求和并取实部运算后作为扬声器的输入信号,驱动各个扬声器产生与参考噪声信号幅度相同、相位相反的反向信号,用于抵消噪声的声波信号;
步骤五、M个误差麦克风采集待降噪区域内的残余噪声并传输给控制***,所述的控制***对M个残余噪声信号进行取平均值处理,然后采用多通道滤波最小均方算法判断取平均值后的残余噪声是否满足室内噪声要求,如果满足室内噪声要求,则降噪效果满足要求;如果残余噪声不满足室内噪声要求,则重复步骤二-步骤五。
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CN112581931A (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | 一种应用于火力发电厂室内降噪方法及*** |
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CN112581931A (zh) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | 一种应用于火力发电厂室内降噪方法及*** |
CN112802441A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 盈普声学(惠州)有限公司 | 降噪效果的检测方法及其*** |
CN112802441B (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2024-04-19 | 盈普声学(惠州)有限公司 | 降噪效果的检测方法及其*** |
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