CN111060879B - Joint side lobe suppression method based on two-dimensional matched filtering result - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined side lobe suppression method based on a two-dimensional matched filtering result, which is used for solving the problems that a weak target is submerged in a strong target side lobe or multiple target side lobes are superposed to form a false target and the like in the radar distance-Doppler imaging process and quickly realizing the combined estimation of a distance and Doppler dimension two-dimensional image; windowing is carried out on a two-dimensional matched filtering result in a distance dimension and a Doppler dimension simultaneously, distance-Doppler two-dimensional side lobe combined suppression is achieved by using an iterative adaptive method based on weighted least squares, and parameter estimation precision and imaging quality of a target in a multi-target scene are improved; due to the adoption of windowing processing, the covariance matrix is subjected to dimension reduction processing, the calculation complexity can be reduced, and the calculation amount is further reduced by utilizing the structural relationship among the matrixes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar measurement, and particularly relates to a combined side lobe suppression method based on a two-dimensional matched filtering result.
Background
In the pulse radar distance-Doppler imaging process, the traditional matched filtering algorithm has the problem of high side lobe, when the target distribution is close, a weak target is easily submerged in the side lobe of a strong target, and the parameter estimation effect and the imaging quality are influenced. In order to suppress the side lobe interference and improve the imaging quality, an Adaptive pulse compression algorithm based on the minimum mean square error is proposed in the text "Adaptive pulse compression vision MMSE estimation" published by Blunt et al, from page 572 to page 584 in the 2 nd period of volume 42 of IEEE transmission on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2006, so as to obtain a good side lobe suppression effect. However, since the algorithm relies on the hyper-parameter, the hyper-parameter needs to be adjusted during each iteration to ensure that the matrix is invertible. In 2008, "Transmit codes and receive filters for pulse compression radar systems" published by IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, spech and Signal Processing, Li J et al, a tool variable algorithm is proposed, which effectively suppresses the distance dimension side lobe but cannot completely suppress the doppler side lobe compared to the matched filter algorithm. In 2009 IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 57, vol.3, page 1084 to page 1097, Li J et al in "Range-Doppler imaging via a train of combining pulses" propose a non-parametric iterative adaptive algorithm based on weighted least squares, which can suppress the Range-Doppler side lobe to the noise floor to obtain a high-quality Range-Doppler image. However, the huge calculation amount of the algorithm limits the application of the algorithm in a real-time system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a joint side lobe suppression method based on a two-dimensional matched filtering result, so as to solve the problems that a weak target is submerged in a strong target side lobe or a false target is formed by stacking multiple target side lobes in a radar range-doppler imaging process, and quickly achieve joint estimation of a range and doppler dimensional two-dimensional image.
A combined sidelobe suppression method, comprising:
the pulse radar is assumed to transmit M coherent pulses with the same waveform, and the pulse length is N; the vector of fast time samples of the transmit pulse is denoted as s ═ s0 s1 ... sN-1]T(ii) a Let ymThe echo signal representing the mth pulse, for which L is 0,1,2, …, L-1, in the range bin of interest, the N consecutive samples of the echo signal corresponding to the mth pulse in the mth range bin are represented as:
wherein:
sampling for a number N of consecutive range directions corresponding to the kth radial velocity, x (l, k) representing the target backscatter coefficient at the kth doppler cell of the ith range cell; omegakLet T be the Doppler frequency corresponding to the kth radial velocityrωk=θkAssuming 2 π (K-K/2)/K- π/K ≦ θk< 2 pi (K-K/2)/K + pi/K, where K is the number of doppler units, K is 0,1, …, K-1; n ism(l) For additive noise, considering intra-pulse doppler,wherein T isr、TsPulse repetition interval and sampling interval, respectively;
equation (1) is thus written as:
the corresponding N consecutive fast time samples of the i-th range profile of the M pulse echoes are:
Y(l)=[y0(l) y1(l) … yM-1(l)] (5)
two-dimensional matched filtering is carried out on Y (l), and a target estimation result after matched filtering can be obtained
N(l)=[n0(l) n1(l) … nM-1(l)];
adding a processing window to the two-dimensional matched filtering result, and defining the size to be (k)r+kd) X 1 filter vectorThe following were used:
kr1and kr2Respectively matched filtering resultsThe number of distance dimension points before and after; k is a radical ofd1And kd2Respectively matched filtering resultsNumber of points in the front and back Doppler dimensions and kr=kr1+kr2+1,kd=kd1+kd2+ 1; order:
equation (7) is written as:
wherein:
constructing a weighted least squares cost function:
using matrix inversion theorem according to equations (9) and (10), we obtain:
thus, formula (13) can be substituted for formula (12) to obtain:
and 3, performing iterative operation on the step 2 to inhibit side lobe interference to obtain a final target estimation result, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
based on the x (l, q) estimation result obtained in the first iteration obtained in the step 2Then, the calculation of the formulas (9) to (14) is sequentially executed to obtain the estimation result of the second iterationEntering next iteration; and repeating the steps until the iteration termination condition is met, and outputting the estimation result of the last iteration
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a low-complexity combined side lobe suppression method based on a two-dimensional matched filtering result, which aims to solve the problem of high side lobes of a distance dimension and a Doppler dimension in a pulse Doppler radar. Windowing is carried out on a two-dimensional matched filtering result in a distance dimension and a Doppler dimension simultaneously, distance-Doppler two-dimensional side lobe combined suppression is achieved by using an iterative adaptive method based on weighted least squares, and parameter estimation precision and imaging quality of a target in a multi-target scene are improved; due to the adoption of windowing processing, the covariance matrix is subjected to dimension reduction processing, the calculation complexity can be reduced, and the calculation amount is further reduced by utilizing the structural relationship among the matrixes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process window.
FIG. 2(a) is Rl+1,qAnd Rl,q+1A matrix;
FIG. 2(b) is a matrix Rl+1,q+1And Rl+1,q,Rl,q+1Schematic diagram of the relationship between them.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
assume that a pulse radar transmits M coherent pulses of the same waveform and that the pulse length is N. Then the fast time sample vector of the transmit pulse may be expressed as s ═ s0 s1 ... sN-1]T. Let ymRepresenting the echo signal of the mth pulse, then for the range bin of interest L being 0,1,2, …, L-1, the N consecutive samples of the echo signal corresponding to the mth pulse in the mth range bin may be represented as
Wherein
X (l, k) represents the target backscatter coefficients at the kth doppler cell of the ith range cell for N consecutive range direction samples corresponding to the kth radial velocity. OmegakLet T be the Doppler frequency corresponding to the kth radial velocityrωk=θkIn general, we assume 2 π (K-K/2)/K- π/K ≦ θk< 2 pi (K-K/2)/K + pi/K, where K is the number of doppler units, K is 0,1, …, K-1; n ism(l) For additive noise, considering intra-pulse doppler,wherein T isr、TsRespectively pulse repetition interval and sampling interval.
Equation (1) can thus be written as:
it is noted that when N > N-1,then the corresponding N consecutive fast time samples of the i-th range profile of the M pulse echoes are:
Y(l)=[y0(l) y1(l) … yM-1(l)] (5)
two-dimensional matched filtering is carried out on Y (l), and a target estimation result after matched filtering can be obtained
N(l)=[n0(l) n1(l) … nM-1(l)]。
From equation (6), the matched filtering result for a given unitNot only x (l, q), but also the interference and noise of the adjacent unit target images. These unwanted interferences can cause inaccurate target parameter estimation and affect the imaging quality, so that a side lobe suppression method is needed to solve the problem.
adding a processing window to the two-dimensional matched filtering result, and defining the size to be (k)r+kd) X 1 filter vectorThe following were used:
wherein k isrAnd kdAccording to the calculation requirement and the algorithmCan decide; general requirements, k, ensure that the algorithm converges to the noise floorrAnd kdMinimum value of (d); k is a radical ofr1,kr2,kd1,kd2Respectively matched filtering resultsDistance before and after and the number of points in the Doppler dimension, and kr=kr1+kr2+1,kd=kd1+kd2+1. Order to
Then equation (7) can be written as:
wherein:
constructing a weighted least squares cost function:
from equations (9) and (10), we can obtain, using matrix inversion theorem:
thus, formula (13) can be substituted for formula (12) to obtain:
obviously, in the formula (12)Can be prepared fromAnd (4) replacing. From the above derivation we find that the computational effort of the proposed algorithm is mainly reflected in the computation of the covariance matrix, the vector according to equation (10)Andrespectively Rl+1,q,Rl,q+1And Rl+1,q+1。Rl+1,qAnd Rl,q+1The matrix is shown in FIG. 2(a), the matrix Rl+1,q+1And Rl+1,q,Rl,q+1The relationship between them is shown in FIG. 2(b), and is therefore based on the known Rl+1,qAnd Rl,q+1When calculating Rl+1,q+1We only need to calculate Rl+1,qAnd Rl,q+1The non-overlapping portion, i.e., the shaded portion, of (a) is sufficient, whereby the amount of calculation can be further reduced.
And 3, performing iterative operation on the step 2 to inhibit side lobe interference to obtain a final target estimation result, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
from the equation (10), the covariance matrix Rl,qIs related to the unknown signal x (l, q), so it is necessary to fit x (l, q) in a weighted least squares manner and to approximate the true x (l, q) in an iterative manner;
repeating the step 2 until the result converges, namely: in the first iteration, the interference covariance matrix is initialized by using the matched filtering result, and the estimation result of x (l, q) obtained in the first iteration is obtained according to the calculation of the formulas (9) to (14)Based on the estimation result of the first iteration, the calculation of the formulas (9) to (14) is sequentially executed to obtain the estimation result of the second iterationEntering next iteration; and repeating the steps until the iteration termination condition is met, and outputting the estimation result of the last iterationIn the present invention, when the estimation result is obtainedWhen the variation range of (2) is smaller than the set value, the iteration can be stopped.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A combined sidelobe suppression method, comprising:
step 1, establishing a moving target echo signal model, and carrying out two-dimensional matched filtering on a received signal, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
hypothetical pulse radarTransmitting M coherent pulses with the same waveform, wherein the pulse length is N; the vector of fast time samples of the transmit pulse is denoted as s ═ s0 s1 ... sN-1]T(ii) a Let ymThe echo signal representing the mth pulse, for which L is 0,1,2, …, L-1, in the range bin of interest, the N consecutive samples of the echo signal corresponding to the mth pulse in the mth range bin are represented as:
wherein:
sampling for a number N of consecutive range directions corresponding to the kth radial velocity, x (l, k) representing the target backscatter coefficient at the kth doppler cell of the ith range cell; omegakLet T be the Doppler frequency corresponding to the kth radial velocityrωk=θkAssuming 2 π (K-K/2)/K- π/K ≦ θk< 2 pi (K-K/2)/K + pi/K, where K is the number of doppler units, K is 0,1, …, K-1; n ism(l) For additive noise, considering intra-pulse doppler,wherein T isr、TsPulse repetition interval and sampling interval, respectively;
equation (1) is thus written as:
the corresponding N consecutive fast time samples of the i-th range profile of the M pulse echoes are:
Y(l)=[y0(l) y1(l) … yM-1(l)] (5)
two-dimensional matched filtering is carried out on Y (l), and a target estimation result after matched filtering can be obtained
N(l)=[n0(l) n1(l) … nM-1(l)];
Step 2, adding a processing window to the two-dimensional matched filtering result, and performing adaptive iterative processing on data in the processing window by using an adaptive method to obtain an estimation result of the target complex amplitude, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
adding a processing window to the two-dimensional matched filtering result, and defining the size to be (k)r+kd) X 1 filter vectorThe following were used:
kr1and kr2Respectively matched filtering resultsThe number of distance dimension points before and after; k is a radical ofd1And kd2Respectively matched filtering resultsNumber of points in the front and back Doppler dimensions and kr=kr1+kr2+1,kd=kd1+kd2+ 1; order:
equation (7) is written as:
wherein:
constructing a weighted least squares cost function:
using matrix inversion theorem according to equations (9) and (10), we obtain:
thus, formula (13) can be substituted for formula (12) to obtain:
and 3, performing iterative operation on the step 2 to inhibit side lobe interference to obtain a final target estimation result, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
based on the x (l, q) estimation result obtained in the first iteration obtained in the step 2Then, the calculation of the formulas (9) to (14) is sequentially executed to obtain the estimation result of the second iterationEntering next iteration; and repeating the steps until the iteration termination condition is met, and outputting the estimation result of the last iteration
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CN113702934B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2023-12-05 | 北京理工大学 | distance-Doppler-angle three-dimensional side lobe suppression method suitable for MIMO radar |
CN115166664B (en) * | 2022-06-12 | 2024-05-10 | 北京理工大学 | Quick self-adaptive sidelobe suppression method based on two-dimensional matched filtering result |
CN116626645B (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-10-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband radar high-speed target coherent accumulation grating lobe inhibition method |
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