CN111058435A - Method and device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil body of soft soil stratum - Google Patents
Method and device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil body of soft soil stratum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the system comprises a measuring pipe, a plurality of settlement marks, a monitoring control module, a data acquisition and processing module and a probe for detecting signals of the settlement marks, wherein the measuring pipe, the plurality of settlement marks, the monitoring control module, the data acquisition and processing module and the probe are arranged in a stratum; the monitoring control module comprises a liquid injection leveling device, a probe retracting device and a measuring pipe joint sleeve; the probe comprises a signal receiving element and a hydraulic pressure measuring element. The settlement mark is arranged in the stratum around the measuring pipe in advance before monitoring operation, liquid is injected into the measuring pipe through the liquid injection leveling device and liquid level reference leveling is carried out, the probe is controlled by the probe retracting and releasing device to be gradually lowered in the measuring pipe, and the data acquisition and processing module acquires and processes data measured by the probe so as to acquire the settlement condition of the vertical layered monitoring point position of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum. The invention can greatly reduce the influence of the self rigidity of the measuring tube on the monitoring precision; and single-hole multi-point automatic rapid measurement can be realized, and the monitoring precision and efficiency of soil body layered settlement are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and a device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil bodies of soft soil strata.
Background
In the geotechnical underground engineering construction process, in order to ensure the safety of the engineering and effectively control the influence on the surrounding environment, the deformation condition and the trend of the surrounding stratum medium need to be mastered in time, and the important data index of stratum settlement can be collected in real time through settlement monitoring. With the increasing depth of underground space development, relatively simple surface settlement monitoring can not directly reflect the soil deformation condition around the construction operation area, and the implementation of deep soil settlement monitoring can provide more effective environmental impact quantitative criterion for engineering construction; meanwhile, under the condition that complex staggered pipeline distribution exists in the surrounding stratum, the deep layered settlement monitoring data of the soil body more intuitively and accurately reflect the displacement condition of the soil body around the pipeline, and the method provides a basis for the establishment of pipeline protection schemes and measures and also provides a basis for engineering design construction and project risk management.
For settlement monitoring of backfill strata such as embankment filling and dam piling, settlement monitoring devices can be buried in sequence according to the sequence of backfill soil generally, and the devices are simple and convenient. For the settlement monitoring of the original soil stratum, a method of embedding a layered settlement monitoring pipe in a vertical drilling way or embedding an inclination measuring pipe in a cross section is adopted for embedding the settlement monitoring device. At present, two methods for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil of a soft soil stratum are commonly used:
1. deep punctuation level gauge: the deep-punctuation level gauge is characterized in that a drill is used for drilling at a preset position, a settlement disc or a rebound mark is arranged in the deep-punctuation level gauge under the protection of a sleeve for preventing hole collapse, the hole bottom is displaced by adopting a guide rod or a steel ruler and is led out of the ground surface, and then the ground surface is observed through the level gauge.
However, deep punctuation levels have the following drawbacks: 1) only one deep punctuation point can be arranged in one drilling hole, only the settlement monitoring of a stratum with a single depth can be completed by one deep punctuation point, a plurality of drilling holes are needed for a plurality of measuring points, the effective monitoring cannot be formed by too few arrangement, and the engineering construction operation space is greatly influenced by too many arrangement; 2) according to the monitoring principle of the method, the measurement precision can be ensured under the condition that the lateral displacement of the sleeve is not large, and the method is lack of applicability to the condition that the lateral deformation is large commonly existing in the underground engineering of a soft soil area.
2. Magnetic ring type layered settlement instrument: the commonly used magnetic ring type layered settlement meter consists of a magnetic ring, a protective conduit, a probe, an indicator and the like. The main construction steps of hole measurement comprise: firstly, the magnetic ring and the claws are sleeved on the corresponding positions of the guide pipe according to the designed height of the measuring points, then the guide pipe is placed after the hole is drilled to the preset height, and the claws are opened to ensure that the magnetic ring and the soil body are deformed synchronously. In the settlement monitoring process: and a probe with length marks is put in the guide hole, when the probe reaches the position close to the magnetic ring, a sounder of a receiving system can generate continuous buzzing sound, the numerical value of a scale from the pipe opening is read and written at the moment, the displacement value of the magnetic ring is further obtained, and finally the heave deformation condition of the stratum is obtained. The two types of the currently adopted conduits are compressible hoses, the diameter of one type of the conduit is about 20mm, the hose is compressed when a soil layer is settled, and the magnetic ring and the hose are settled together; the other is a hard tube with the diameter of about 40mm, and the magnetic ring and the claw are fixed together but can freely slide on the tube. The magnetic ring type settlement gauge has the advantages that the magnetic ring is replaced by the iron ring, and accordingly, the original iron probe is changed into the magnetic probe, so that the cost can be reduced.
However, the magnetic ring settlement gauge has the following drawbacks: 1) the magnet ring is sleeved on the guide pipe, the guide pipe has a certain constraint effect on the deflection of the magnet ring, and the magnet ring cannot completely freely slide due to the clamping and blocking of silt, so that the absolute synchronous deformation between the magnet ring and the stratum cannot be ensured, and the measurement failure is caused; 2) the guide pipe and the gap filling medium in a certain range around the pipe form a composite micro-pile with larger rigidity difference compared with an undisturbed soil body, and the deformation of the magnetic ring can not accurately reflect the displacement condition of the surrounding stratum due to the action of the micro-pile; 3) the up-down sliding position of the magnetic ring has a certain interval, the interval determines that the range is limited, and when the magnetic ring reaches the joint, the magnetic ring cannot slide continuously, so that the subsequent measurement fails; 4) the pipe also generates certain deformation after stratum deflection happens, at the moment, a probe with a length mark is adopted to measure the settlement in the bent pipe, and the measurement result is the length of the axis curve of the bent pipe instead of the true absolute leveling height; 5) the accuracy of the reading and the precision of the measurement are determined by how to judge the initial position of the pronunciation or the indication, which is influenced by the subjective judgment of an operator; 6) in the installation process, the hole wall gap filling between every two magnetic rings is difficult to guarantee to be compact, and the measuring point precision is extremely easy to influence even the measuring point is directly scrapped under the condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil of a soft soil stratum, which can greatly reduce the influence of the self rigidity of a measuring pipe on the monitoring precision; single-hole multipoint measurement is realized more effectively, and more monitoring data acquisition can be completed under the condition of unit workload; the requirements for monitoring the large deformation of geotechnical engineering are effectively met; the failure rate of monitoring operation is sufficiently reduced, and the maintenance is easy; the error sources are relatively few, the monitoring method is more direct, the measurement error caused by bending of the measuring tube is avoided, and the monitoring precision is greatly improved; the method has simple and convenient operation flow, is easy to realize standardization and normalization, and is more easy to realize semi-automation and even automatic monitoring.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a device that monitoring is subsided to soft soil stratum deep soil body layering, includes: the device comprises a measuring pipe, a plurality of settlement marks, a monitoring control module, a data acquisition and processing module and a probe, wherein the measuring pipe is arranged in a stratum and used as a probe advancing channel, the settlement marks have a signal generating function, the monitoring control module is used for injecting liquid into the measuring pipe and finishing liquid level reference leveling and lifting and settling of the probe, and the probe is used for detecting signals of the settlement marks; the settlement mark comprises a signal generating element; the monitoring control module comprises a liquid injection leveling device, a probe retracting device and a measuring pipe joint sleeve; the utility model discloses a survey the survey pipe, including survey the pipe, the pipe is equipped with the survey data, survey the pipe, the survey data acquisition.
Preferably, in the device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the probe can be connected with an interface provided by the probe retraction device through a transmission cable, and the probe retraction device performs data transmission with the data acquisition and processing module in a wired or wireless manner, so that the data acquisition and processing module can receive measurement data from the probe.
Preferably, in the above apparatus for monitoring layered settlement of a deep soil body in a soft soil stratum, the data acquisition and processing module plots a signal intensity waveform curve of a settlement mark generation signal received by a signal receiving element in the probe, and the data acquisition and processing module can convert the hydraulic intensity in the measuring tube at the current position of the probe measured by a hydraulic pressure measuring element in the probe into a depth level coordinate of the probe and plot the depth level coordinate into a probe level coordinate curve, wherein a peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve corresponds to a coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve, which is a current actual level coordinate of each settlement mark, and the data acquisition and processing module gradually calculates the settlement condition of a vertical layered monitoring point of a deep soil body in a soft soil stratum according to a change in the current actual level coordinate value of the settlement mark.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the device further comprises a reference point, the reference point is a stratum displacement fixed point arranged outside an engineering influence range, and the maximum liquid level height of the liquid injection leveling device is always kept consistent with the reference point horizontal height by injecting liquid into the measuring pipe and adjusting the liquid injection leveling device through the liquid injection leveling device before a single monitoring operation.
Preferably, in foretell device that deep soil body layering of soft soil stratum subsides monitoring, subside the mark and plant the mark preformed hole that the device corresponds through the wall casing sleeve barrel through subside mark radial implantation device one by one in the stratum under the telescopic protection of dado, subside mark radial implantation device, including planting mark control box, pull wire and planting the mark ware, it is located the wall casing sleeve to plant the mark ware, the wall casing sleeve is in the drilling is dug to cut the in-process and is put in the stratum with advancing down, the wall casing sleeve sets up a series of mark preformed hole of planting according to vertical layering monitoring position requirement at the barrel, just it adopts interim hole sealing to plant the mark preformed hole, it drives through drive pull wire to plant the mark ware and reciprocate in the wall casing sleeve and can with plant the mark ware and aim at each mark preformed hole position of planting of the wall casing sleeve, it can utilize to plant the mark ware the very limited section of wall casing inner space and plant each subside mark through the corresponding mark preformed hole and plant the stratum preformed hole In, make subside mark independent setting in the stratum, can follow the free unanimous displacement of surrounding soil body.
Preferably, in foretell device of the deep soil body layering settlement monitoring in soft soil stratum, plant the mark ware including mark casket, miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder and miniature hydraulic power unit, mark casket includes mark casket shell and coil spring, subside the mark and transversely set up and superpose in proper order in the mark casket shell, the space that subsides the mark place of below in the mark casket shell is the launch bin, coil spring set up in the mark casket shell and be located between the roof of the subside mark and the mark casket shell of top, coil spring can be with subsiding the mark toward the launch bin propelling movement one by one, subside mark launch opening and subside mark drive mouth are seted up respectively to the both sides of mark casket shell corresponding launch bin position, miniature hydraulic power unit provides power through two oil circuits and miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder connection for it, miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder is located the subside mark in the launch bin through subside mark drive mouth drive and pass through in proper order subside mark launch opening And the pre-marked holes of the retaining wall sleeve enter the stratum.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the measuring tube is made of a flexible material, the measuring tube is placed in the guide hole protected by the retaining wall sleeve, and a sticky soil ball is filled between the retaining wall sleeve and the built-in measuring tube, so that excessive displacement of the peripheral stratum caused by hole collapse of the guide hole is avoided in the subsequent process of removing the retaining wall sleeve.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil formation, the data acquisition and processing module converts the hydraulic strength P detected by the probe into a level coordinate h of the depth of the current probe according to a formula P ═ ρ gh, and draws a probe level coordinate curve, where ρ is the density of the liquid and g is the acceleration of gravity.
The invention also discloses a method for monitoring the layered settlement of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum, which comprises the following steps:
And 4, step 4: data processing, and result output: the data acquisition and processing module collects and graphically outputs each monitoring result, a signal intensity wave curve and a probe level coordinate curve are synchronously drawn in parallel, wherein a coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve corresponding to a peak position on the signal intensity wave curve is a current actual level coordinate value of the settlement target, and the vertical displacement value delta of each settlement target is obtained by subtracting an initial calibration value from the level coordinate of each point measured at this timen(i.e., the heave value of the formation at that point), δn＝Hn-H0Thus, the purpose of monitoring the deep layer settlement of the stratum is achieved.
And 5: and after each measurement, removing the monitoring control module and the data acquisition and processing module, and recovering the mounting hole protective cover.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the step 1 includes:
and 14, removing the orifice protective cover at the top of the measuring pipe, installing a monitoring control module at the upper end of the measuring pipe, communicating the liquid injection leveling device with the measuring pipe through a measuring pipe joint sleeve, injecting liquid into the measuring pipe through the liquid injection leveling device, and setting the liquid level of liquid in the liquid injection leveling device according to a reference point, wherein the reference point is a stratum displacement fixed point which is set outside an engineering influence range.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the step 12 includes:
step 121, installing a radial subsidence mark implanting device, wherein the radial subsidence mark implanting device comprises a mark implanting control box, a traction wire and a mark implanting device, the mark implanting device is positioned in a wall protecting sleeve, the wall protecting sleeve is provided with a series of mark implanting reserved holes in the sleeve body according to the requirement of a vertical layered monitoring position in advance, the mark implanting reserved holes are sealed by rubber sheets in advance, the mark implanting device comprises a mark box, a micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder and a micro hydraulic power unit, the mark box comprises a mark box shell and a spiral spring, the subsidence marks are transversely arranged and sequentially stacked in the mark box shell, the space where the lowermost subsidence mark in the mark box shell is positioned is a transmitting bin, the spiral spring is arranged in the mark box shell and positioned between the uppermost subsidence mark and a top plate of the mark box shell, and the spiral spring can push the subsidence marks to the transmitting bin one by one, the device comprises a miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, a subsider launching port, a subsider driving port, a subsider reserved hole, a subsider retaining sleeve and a subsider retaining sleeve, wherein the subsider launching port and the subsider driving port are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the launching bin, of the two sides of a standard box shell, the miniature hydraulic power unit is connected with the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder through two oil ways to.
Step 122, radially implanting the settlement mark in the launching bin into the stratum through a corresponding mark implanting prepared hole on the retaining wall sleeve by the extension motion of a multistage large-stroke telescopic ejector rod of the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein a certain distance is required to be ensured between the settlement mark implanted in the stratum and the retaining wall sleeve, and after the mark implanting is completed, the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder retracts the telescopic ejector rod, and meanwhile, the next settlement mark in a lower box is ejected to enter the launching bin under the driving action of the spiral spring;
and 123, driving the traction wire to gradually lift the beacon implanting device by the beacon implanting control box, enabling the settlement beacon emitting opening in the beacon implanting device emitting bin to reach the position of the next beacon implanting reserved hole in the retaining wall sleeve, and repeating the step 121 to implant the corresponding settlement targets until all the beacon implanting operations of the settlement targets are completed.
According to the technical scheme disclosed above, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with a series of existing deep stratum settlement monitoring methods, the method and the device for monitoring the layered settlement of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum have the most prominent advantages that:
firstly, no constraint action exists between the settlement mark and the measuring tube, and the settlement mark truly realizes the cooperative displacement along with the displacement of the stratum; the settlement mark is implanted into the soil body for a certain distance by adopting the radial implantation device of the settlement mark, so that the problem that the stratum in a certain range of the periphery of the miniature pile is deformed to be unnatural due to the obvious difference of the rigidity of the miniature pile relative to the rigidity of the undisturbed stratum due to the miniature pile effect formed by combining the guide hole and the measuring pipe can be effectively avoided;
the diameter of the measuring tube only needs to meet the placing space of the probe, so that the diameter of the measuring tube can be reduced as much as possible, the measuring tube adopting the method has weaker influence on the stratum compared with the traditional measuring tube, the 'reinforcing' effect on the stratum is reduced, and the settlement measuring precision is improved; by using the method, single multipoint rapid measurement can be realized, the trouble and human error caused by manual reading in the prior art are avoided, and the workload of monitoring operation can be greatly reduced;
the method belongs to hydraulic monitoring, effectively solves the problem that the reading of the traditional suspension ruler has large error in large deformation monitoring, and meets the requirement of large deformation monitoring of geotechnical engineering; in the device, the settlement mark is free and unconstrained, the measuring tube can be flexible, and the orifice of the measuring tube is provided with an orifice protective cover, so that the failure rate of monitoring operation is fully reduced, and the device is easy to maintain; the method belongs to direct measurement, greatly reduces error sources, introduces conversion errors of other physical quantities, and has higher monitoring precision; the method has simple and convenient operation flow, is easy to realize standardization and normalization, and is more easy to realize semi-automation and even automatic monitoring.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum (step 2 of the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum in step 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum according to step 12.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum according to step 13.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of step 3 of the soft soil stratum deep soil layered settlement monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a graphical output of the data acquisition and processing module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of step 5 of the soft soil stratum deep soil layered settlement monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a sinker radial implant device according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-measuring tube, 2-settlement mark, 21-signal generating element, 3-monitoring control module, 31-liquid injection leveling device, 32-probe retracting device, 33-measuring tube joint sleeve, 4-data acquisition and processing module, 5-probe, 51-signal receiving element, 52-hydraulic measuring element, 61-mark implanting control box, 62-pull wire, 63-mark implanting device, 631-mark cartridge shell, 632-coil spring, 633-minitype multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, 634-minitype hydraulic power unit, 7-datum point, 8-wall protecting sleeve, 81-rubber sheet, 9-liquid, 10-orifice protective cover, 11-drilling machine, 12-guide hole and 13-cohesive soil ball.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. The technical contents and features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It is further noted that the drawings are in greatly simplified form and are not to precise scale, merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention. For convenience of description, the directions of "up" and "down" described below are the same as the directions of "up" and "down" in the drawings, but this is not a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment discloses a device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, including: the device comprises a measuring pipe 1 which is arranged in a stratum and used as a traveling channel of a probe 5, a plurality of settlement marks 2 with a signal generating function, a monitoring control module 3 which is used for injecting liquid into the measuring pipe 1 and finishing liquid level reference leveling and lifting and sinking of the probe 5, a data acquisition and processing module 4 and a probe 5 which is used for detecting signals of the settlement marks 2; the settlement mark 2 comprises a signal generating element 21; the monitoring control module 3 comprises a liquid injection leveling device 31, a probe 5 retracting device 32 and a measuring pipe joint sleeve 33; the probe 5 comprises a signal receiving element 51 and a hydraulic measuring element 52, the settlement mark 2 is arranged in the peripheral stratum of the measuring pipe 1 in advance before monitoring operation, the vertical interval of the settlement mark 2 is arranged, and a certain distance is reserved between each settlement mark 2 and the measuring pipe 1, the monitoring control module 3 is installed above the measuring pipe 1, the liquid injection leveling device 31 is communicated with the measuring pipe 1 through a measuring pipe joint sleeve 33, the liquid injection leveling device 31 injects liquid into the measuring pipe 1 and levels the liquid level reference, the probe 5 retracting device 32 can control the probe 5 to lift in the measuring pipe 1, and the data acquisition and processing module 4 receives the measurement data from the probe 5 and processes the measurement data to obtain the settlement condition of the deep layer monitoring point position of the soil body of the soft soil stratum.
The settlement mark 2 has a certain signal generating function, is provided with a signal generating element 21 and a signal generating element 21, is embedded in advance or implanted into the stratum through a settlement mark radial implanting device in the monitoring construction stage, and the settlement mark 2 can freely generate cooperative displacement along with the stratum. The probe 5 comprises a signal receiving element 51 and a hydraulic pressure measuring element 52, the signal receiving element 51 can receive signals generated by the settlement mark 2 and transmit the signals to the data acquisition and processing module 4 through a transmission cable to form a signal intensity waveform curve, and the hydraulic pressure measuring element 52 can test the hydraulic pressure intensity of the position and transmit the signals to the data acquisition and processing module 4 through the transmission cable to form a probe level coordinate curve; the data acquisition and processing module 4 acquires the signal intensity and hydraulic intensity information transmitted by the probe 5, and the data acquisition and processing module 4 can determine the current level position of the settlement mark 2 through certain data arrangement; the measuring tube 1 is used for keeping the hole wall stable, ensuring that the probe 5 can have enough space to reach the required monitoring depth, and filling the measuring tube 1 with liquid 9 with certain gravity to form the condition for monitoring the hydraulic level.
The invention provides a device for monitoring the layered settlement of deep soil bodies in soft soil strata, which is based on a differential pressure detection principle, adopts a liquid level static pressure detection method, combines signal receiving, transmitting and processing technologies, provides a low-interference and high-precision deep layered settlement monitoring method, designs a corresponding monitoring device, and is particularly suitable for large-range and high-frequency deep layered settlement monitoring of rock and soil bodies.
The main principle of the invention is as follows: referring to fig. 2, in the process that the probe 5 moves downwards along the measuring tube 1, the probe 5 firstly enters an effective detection range of a signal generated by the settlement mark 2, the signal generated by the settlement mark 2 is detected by the signal receiving element 51, the signal receiving intensity is changed from weak to strong and from strong to weak along with the relative position of the probe 5 and the settlement mark 2, and finally the signal is lost, so that a fluctuation is inevitably generated in a signal curve graph, the time point corresponding to the peak of the signal is the time point at which the relative position of the probe 5 and the settlement mark 2 is most similar, the probe 5 and the settlement mark 2 are actually on the same horizontal plane, namely the horizontal position of the probe 5 is the same as the horizontal position of the settlement mark 2; a hydraulic pressure measuring element 52 is simultaneously arranged in the probe 5, so that the hydraulic pressure at the position can be accurately measured, and then the measured hydraulic pressure is easily converted according to a formula P-rhogh to obtain a depth level coordinate, namely the distance between the probe 5 and the liquid level; and finally, synchronously drawing the signal intensity waveform curve and the probe level coordinate curve in parallel, wherein the coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve corresponding to the peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve is the current actual level coordinate value of the settlement mark 2.
According to the device for monitoring the layered settlement of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum, provided by the invention, no constraint action exists between the settlement mark 2 and the measuring pipe 1, and the settlement mark 2 realizes the cooperative displacement along with the displacement of the stratum in the true sense; the settlement mark 2 is implanted into the soil body for a certain distance by adopting a settlement mark radial implanting device, so that the problem that the stratum in a certain range of the periphery of the miniature pile is displaced to be unnatural due to the obvious difference of the rigidity of the miniature pile relative to the rigidity of the undisturbed stratum caused by the miniature pile effect formed by combining the guide hole 12 and the measuring tube 1 can be effectively avoided; the diameter of the measuring tube 1 only needs to meet the placing space of the probe 5, so that the diameter can be reduced as much as possible, the measuring tube 1 has weaker influence on the stratum compared with the traditional measuring tube 1, the 'reinforcing' effect on the stratum is reduced, and the settlement measuring precision is improved; by using the method, single multipoint rapid measurement can be realized, the trouble and human error caused by manual reading in the prior art are avoided, and the workload of monitoring operation can be greatly reduced; the invention belongs to hydraulic monitoring, effectively solves the problem of large error of the traditional suspension ruler reading in large deformation monitoring, and meets the requirement of large deformation monitoring of geotechnical engineering; in the invention, the settlement mark 2 is free and unconstrained, the measuring tube 1 is flexible, and the orifice of the measuring tube 1 is provided with the orifice protective cover 10, so that the failure rate of monitoring operation is fully reduced and the maintenance is easy; the method belongs to direct measurement, greatly reduces error sources, introduces conversion errors of other physical quantities, and has higher monitoring precision; the method has simple and convenient operation flow, is easy to realize standardization and normalization, and is more easy to realize semi-automation and even automatic monitoring.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the data acquisition and processing module 4 plots the signal generated by the settlement mark 2 received by the signal receiving element 51 in the probe 5 into a signal intensity waveform curve, and the data acquisition and processing module 4 can convert the hydraulic strength in the measuring tube 1 at the current position of the probe 5 measured by the hydraulic measuring element 52 in the probe 5 into the depth level coordinate of the probe 5 and draw a probe level coordinate curve, wherein the coordinate value of the peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve corresponding to the probe level coordinate curve is the current actual level coordinate of each settlement mark 2, and the data acquisition and processing module 4 gradually calculates the settlement condition of the vertical layered monitoring point position of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum according to the change of the current actual level coordinate value of the settlement mark 2.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, further comprising a reference point 7, the reference point 7 is a stratum displacement fixed point which is set outside an engineering influence range, and the maximum liquid level height of the liquid injection leveling device is always kept consistent with the reference point 7 level height by injecting liquid into the measuring pipe 1 through the liquid injection leveling device 31 and adjusting the liquid injection leveling device before a single monitoring operation.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil formation, the settlement mark 2 is implanted into the formation one by one through a settlement mark radial implanting device under the protection of the retaining wall sleeve 8 and through a mark implanting reserved hole corresponding to the barrel body of the retaining wall sleeve 8, the settlement mark radial implanting device includes a mark implanting control box 61, a pulling line 62 and a mark implanting device 63, the mark implanting device 63 is located in the retaining wall sleeve 8, the retaining wall sleeve 8 is placed in the formation in the drilling and cutting process, the mark implanting control box 61 drives the mark implanting device 63 to move up and down in the retaining wall sleeve 8 by driving the pulling and pulling line 62 and can align the mark implanting device 63 to each mark implanting reserved hole position of the retaining wall sleeve 8, the retaining wall sleeve 8 is provided with a series of mark implanting reserved holes according to the requirement of the vertical layered monitoring position on the barrel body, and the mark implanting reserved holes adopt temporary hole sealing, the label planting device 63 can plant each settlement label 2 into the stratum through the corresponding label planting preformed hole by utilizing the extremely limited space in the retaining wall sleeve 8, so that the settlement labels 2 are independently arranged in the stratum and can freely and uniformly move along with the surrounding soil body.
In the embodiment, the label planting control box 61, the pull line 62 and the label planting device 63 are adopted, the label planting device 63 is located in the wall protection sleeve 8, the wall protection sleeve 8 is sunk in the ground through drilling, the label planting control box 61 drives the label planting device 63 to move up and down in the wall protection sleeve 8 through the pull line 62 and can align the label planting device 63 to the designated position of the wall protection sleeve 8, the wall protection sleeve 8 is required to be provided with a series of label planting reserved holes at the pre-vertical layered monitoring position of the cylinder body, the label planting reserved holes adopt temporary hole sealing, the label planting device 63 can plant each settlement label 2 into the ground through the corresponding label planting reserved holes in the very limited space of the wall protection sleeve 8, so that the settlement labels 2 can freely move along with the peripheral soil, the settlement labels 2 have a certain signal generating function and can freely move along with the ground, the problem of subside mark 2 in the stratigraphic layering setting difficulty is solved.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the marker implanting device 63 includes a marker box, a micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder 633 and a micro hydraulic power unit 634, the marker box includes a marker box housing 631 and a coil spring 632, the settlement markers 2 are transversely disposed and sequentially stacked in the marker box housing 631, a space in which the lowermost settlement marker 2 is located in the marker box housing 631 is a launching bin, the coil spring 632 is disposed in the marker box housing 631 and located between the uppermost settlement marker 2 and a top plate of the marker box housing 631, the coil spring 632 can push the settlement markers 2 one by one toward the launching bin, the launching ports of the settlement markers 2 and the driving ports of the settlement markers 2 are respectively formed in positions corresponding to the launching bins at two sides of the marker box housing 631, the micro hydraulic power unit 634 is connected with the micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder 633 through two oil passages to provide power for the micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder 633, the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 drives the settlement mark 2 positioned in the launching bin through the settlement mark 2 driving port to sequentially enter the stratum through the settlement mark 2 launching port and the mark implanting reserved hole of the retaining wall sleeve 8. The spiral spring 632 not only can push the settlement mark 2 into the launching bin to replace the settlement mark 2 which is launched out previously, but also can prevent the settlement mark 2 from deviating from the launching direction (the radial direction of the retaining wall sleeve 8 is the horizontal direction) when the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 pushes the settlement mark 2 into the stratum, thereby improving the accuracy and the efficiency of the mark planting to a certain extent. In addition, the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 has small volume, and can implant each settlement mark 2 into the stratum through the corresponding mark implanting reserved hole in the extremely limited space of the retaining wall sleeve 8. In addition will the space that subsides the mark place of the lowermost in mark casket shell 631 is regarded as the transmission storehouse, can make subside mark 2 and get into the transmission storehouse in proper order and replace the subside mark 2 of launching earlier with the help of subside mark 2's action of gravity, reduce the elasticity demand to coil spring 632, coil spring 632 as long as guarantee subside mark 2 can be at miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder 633 horizontal propelling movement can.
Preferably, in the device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the settlement markers 2 are vertically arranged at intervals, and a certain distance between each settlement marker 2 and the measuring pipe 1 is 10-30 cm, which is mainly limited by the stroke of the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 and the signal monitoring range, generally, the larger the distance is, the better the distance is.
Certainly, the settlement mark 2 can also be embedded in the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum in advance in the monitoring construction stage, so that the settlement mark is positioned on one side of the measuring pipe 1.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the measuring tube 1 is made of flexible material, so that the measuring tube 1 can better follow the free displacement of the stratum, the influence of the measuring tube 1 on the settlement of the stratum is reduced, and the accuracy of settlement monitoring is improved. The measuring tube 1 is placed in a guide hole 12 protected by a protective wall sleeve 8, and a cohesive soil ball 13 is filled between the protective wall sleeve 8 and the built-in measuring tube 1, so that excessive displacement of the peripheral stratum caused by hole collapse of the guide hole 12 is avoided in the subsequent process of removing the protective wall sleeve 8.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil formation, the probe 5 may be connected to an interface provided by the probe 5 retraction device 32 through a transmission cable, and the probe 5 retraction device 32 performs data transmission with the data acquisition and processing module 4 in a wired or wireless manner, so that the data acquisition and processing module 4 can receive measurement data from the probe 5.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the retaining wall sleeve 8 is provided with a series of preformed holes for planting the label in the cylinder body according to the position requirement of the vertical layered monitoring point, and the preformed holes for planting the label are sealed by using the rubber sheets 81. The rubber sheet 81 is pasted on the preformed hole of the implanted label, when the retaining wall sleeve 8 is sunk, mud can be prevented from flowing into the retaining wall sleeve 8 from the preformed hole of the implanted label, and when the subsidence label 2 needs to be implanted, the subsidence label 2 can easily break the rubber sheet 81 on the preformed hole of the implanted label to enter the stratum under the action of the miniature hydraulic power unit 634.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the data acquisition and processing module 4 converts the hydraulic strength P detected by the probe into a level coordinate h of the depth of the current probe according to a formula P ═ ρ gh, and draws a probe level coordinate curve, where ρ is the density of the liquid and g is the acceleration of gravity.
Preferably, in the above device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the device further comprises a reference point 7, the reference point 7 is a stratum displacement fixed point arranged outside an engineering influence range, and the liquid level height in the measuring tube 1 is always the same as that of the reference point 7, so that the monitoring control module 3 monitors the liquid level height of the liquid 9 in the control module 3 to be constant.
Preferably, in the device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, the liquid injection leveling device 31 is of a channel structure for liquid 9 to flow in and out, and the upper part of the liquid injection leveling device is made of transparent material so as to calibrate the internal liquid level and the reference point 7 to be equal in height.
With continuing reference to fig. 1 to 9, the present invention further discloses a method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in soft soil stratum, which comprises the following steps:
and 4, step 4: data processing, and result output: the data acquisition and processing module 4 collects and graphically outputs each monitoring result, synchronously draws a signal intensity waveform curve and a probe level coordinate curve in parallel, wherein a coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve corresponding to a peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve is a current actual level coordinate value of the settlement mark 2, and the vertical displacement value delta of each settlement mark 2 is obtained by subtracting an initial calibration value from each measured point level coordinatenI.e. the heave value, delta, of the formation at that pointn＝Hn-H0So as to achieve the purpose of monitoring the deep layer settlement of the stratum;
and 5: after each measurement, the monitoring control module 3 and the data acquisition and processing module 4 are removed, and the installation of the orifice protection cover 10 is resumed.
Preferably, in the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the step 1 includes:
Preferably, in the method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil stratum, the step 12 includes:
step 121, installing a settlement mark radial implanting device, wherein the settlement mark radial implanting device comprises an implanting mark control box 61, a traction line 62 and an implanting mark device 63, the implanting mark device 63 is located in a retaining wall sleeve 8, the retaining wall sleeve 8 is provided with a series of implanting mark preformed holes in advance according to the requirement of a vertical layered monitoring position on a cylinder body, the implanting mark preformed holes are sealed by rubber sheets 81 in advance, the implanting mark device 63 comprises a mark box, a micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 and a micro hydraulic power unit 634, the mark box comprises a mark box shell 631 and a spiral spring 632, the settlement mark 2 is transversely arranged and sequentially stacked in the mark box shell, the space where the lowermost settlement mark 2 in the mark box shell 631 is located is a transmitting bin, the spiral spring 632 is arranged in the mark box shell 631 and located between the uppermost settlement mark 2 and the top plate of the mark box shell 631, coil spring 632 can be with subsiding 2 punishment toward the storehouse of launching one by one, the both sides of mark casket shell 631 correspond the storehouse position of launching and set up respectively and subside 2 punishment mouth of mark and subside 2 drive ports of mark, miniature hydraulic power unit 634 is connected for it provides power through two oil circuits and miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder 633, miniature multistage flexible hydraulic cylinder 633 subsides 2 punishment marks 2 that the drive port drive of mark 2 is located the storehouse of launching and passes through in proper order subside 2 punishment mark preformed holes of subsideing 2 punishment of mark and dado sleeve 8 and get into the stratum.
Step 122, radially implanting the settlement mark 2 in the launching bin into the stratum through a corresponding mark implanting prepared hole on the retaining wall sleeve 8 by the extension motion of a multistage large-stroke telescopic ejector rod of the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633, ensuring a certain distance between the settlement mark 2 implanted into the stratum and the retaining wall sleeve 8, withdrawing the telescopic ejector rod by the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 633 after mark implanting is completed, and simultaneously ejecting the next settlement mark 2 in a lower box under the driving action of the spiral spring 632 to enter the launching bin;
and 123, driving the traction wire 62 to gradually lift the beacon implanting device 63 through the beacon implanting control box 61, enabling the emission opening of the settlement beacon 2 in the emission bin of the beacon implanting device 63 to reach the position of the next beacon implanting reserved hole in the protective wall sleeve 8, and repeating the step 121 to implant the corresponding settlement beacon 2 until all beacon implanting operations of the settlement targets 2 are completed.
Compared with a series of existing deep stratum settlement monitoring methods, the method and the device for monitoring the layered settlement of the deep soil body of the soft soil stratum have the most prominent advantages that: the settlement mark 2 and the measuring tube 1 have no constraint effect, and the settlement mark 2 really realizes the cooperative displacement along with the displacement of the stratum; the settlement mark 2 is implanted into the soil body for a certain distance by adopting a settlement mark radial implanting device, so that the problem that the stratum in a certain range of the periphery of the miniature pile is displaced to be unnatural due to the obvious difference of the rigidity of the miniature pile relative to the rigidity of the undisturbed stratum caused by the miniature pile effect formed by combining the guide hole 12 and the measuring tube 1 can be effectively avoided; the diameter of the measuring tube 1 only needs to meet the placing space of the probe 5, so that the diameter of the measuring tube can be reduced as much as possible, the measuring tube 1 adopting the method has weaker influence on the stratum compared with the traditional measuring tube 1, the 'reinforcing' effect on the stratum is reduced, and the settlement measuring precision is improved; by using the method, single multipoint rapid measurement can be realized, the trouble and human error caused by manual reading in the prior art are avoided, and the workload of monitoring operation can be greatly reduced; the method belongs to hydraulic monitoring, effectively solves the problem of large error of the traditional suspension ruler reading in large deformation monitoring, and meets the requirement of large deformation monitoring of geotechnical engineering; in the device, the settlement mark 2 is free and unconstrained, the measuring tube 1 is flexible, and the orifice of the measuring tube 1 is provided with the orifice protective cover 10, so that the failure rate of monitoring operation is reduced sufficiently and the device is easy to maintain; the method belongs to direct measurement, greatly reduces error sources, introduces conversion errors of other physical quantities, and has higher monitoring precision; the method has simple and convenient operation flow, is easy to realize standardization and normalization, and is more easy to realize semi-automation and even automatic monitoring.
The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of monitoring is subsided to soft soil stratum deep soil body layering which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a measuring pipe, a plurality of settlement marks, a monitoring control module, a data acquisition and processing module and a probe, wherein the measuring pipe is arranged in a stratum and used as a probe advancing channel, the settlement marks have a signal generating function, the monitoring control module is used for injecting liquid into the measuring pipe and finishing liquid level reference leveling and lifting and settling of the probe, and the probe is used for detecting signals of the settlement marks; the settlement mark comprises a signal generating element; the monitoring control module comprises a liquid injection leveling device, a probe retracting device and a measuring pipe joint sleeve; the utility model discloses a survey the survey pipe, including survey the pipe, the pipe is equipped with the survey data, survey the pipe, the survey data acquisition.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and processing module plots a signal intensity waveform curve of a subsidence mark generation signal received by a signal receiving element in the probe, and the data acquisition and processing module is capable of converting the hydraulic intensity in the measuring tube at the current position of the probe measured by a hydraulic pressure measuring element in the probe into a depth level coordinate of the probe and plotting the depth level coordinate into a probe level coordinate curve, wherein a peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve corresponds to a coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve, which is a current actual level coordinate of each subsidence mark, and the data acquisition and processing module gradually calculates the subsidence condition of the vertical layered monitoring point of the deep soil body in the soft soil layer according to a change in the current actual level coordinate value of the subsidence mark.
3. The device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil in soft soil formation according to claim 1, further comprising a reference point, wherein the reference point is a static point of formation displacement which is set outside the engineering influence range, and the maximum liquid level height of the liquid injection leveling device is always kept consistent with the reference point level height by injecting liquid into the measuring pipe through the liquid injection leveling device and adjusting the liquid injection leveling device before a single monitoring operation.
4. The device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil in soft soil formation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the settlement mark is implanted into the formation one by one through a settlement mark radial implanting device under the protection of a retaining wall sleeve via a corresponding implanted mark preformed hole of a retaining wall sleeve barrel body, the settlement mark radial implanting device comprises a mark implanting control box, a pulling line and a mark implanting device, the mark implanting device is located in the retaining wall sleeve, the retaining wall sleeve is placed in the formation in the drilling and digging process, the retaining wall sleeve is provided with a series of implanted mark preformed holes on the barrel body according to the vertical layered monitoring position requirement, the implanted mark preformed holes adopt temporary hole sealing, the mark implanting control box drives the mark implanting device to move up and down in the retaining wall sleeve by driving the pulling line and pulling, and can align the mark implanting device with the positions of the implanted mark holes of the retaining wall sleeve, and the mark implanting device can use the retaining wall sleeve with a limited inner space to implant the mark corresponding to each settlement mark via the corresponding implanted mark The preformed hole is implanted into the stratum, so that the settlement mark is independently arranged in the stratum and can freely and uniformly move along with the surrounding soil body.
5. The device for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil in soft soil stratum according to claim 4, wherein the marker planting device comprises a marker box, a micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder and a micro hydraulic power unit, the marker box comprises a marker box shell and a spiral spring, the settlement markers are transversely arranged and sequentially stacked in the marker box shell, the space where the lowest settlement marker is located in the marker box shell is a launching bin, the spiral spring is arranged in the marker box shell and located between the uppermost settlement marker and a top plate of the marker box shell, the spiral spring can push the settlement markers one by one to the launching bin, the two sides of the marker box shell are respectively provided with a settlement marker launching port and a settlement marker driving port corresponding to the launching bin, the micro hydraulic power unit is connected with the micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder through two oil passages to provide power for the micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, and the micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder drives the settlement markers located in the launching bin through the settlement marker driving ports sequentially And the settlement mark launching port and the mark implanting reserved hole of the retaining wall sleeve enter the stratum.
6. The apparatus for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil in soft soil formation as claimed in claim 4 wherein the measuring tube is made of flexible material and is inserted into the guide hole protected by the retaining wall sleeve, and the cohesive soil ball is filled between the retaining wall sleeve and the inserted measuring tube.
7. The device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil in a soft soil formation according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and processing module converts the hydraulic strength P detected by the probe into a level coordinate h of the depth of the current probe according to a formula P-pgh, and draws a probe level coordinate curve, wherein ρ is the density of the liquid and g is the acceleration of gravity.
8. A method for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil of a soft soil stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, installing a monitoring device: installing a device for monitoring layered settlement of deep soil of a soft soil stratum according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
step 2, initial value calibration: the probe is controlled to gradually sink in the measuring tube by a probe retraction device in the monitoring control module, and along with the falling of the probe, the data acquisition and processing module acquires the intensity waveform of the detection signal and the level coordinate of the probe to obtain the initial height H of each sinking target0Completing the initial value calibration of the whole measuring operation period;
step 3, tracking and monitoring: along with the progress of the engineering, the implanted settlement marks generate cooperative displacement along with the surrounding strata, the method in the step 2 is adopted for gradual tracking and monitoring within a certain interval time, and the vertical elevation H of each stage of each settlement mark is obtainedn；
And 4, step 4: data processing, and result output: the data acquisition and processing module collects and graphically outputs each monitoring result, synchronously draws a signal intensity waveform curve and a probe level coordinate curve in parallel, wherein a coordinate value on the probe level coordinate curve corresponding to a peak position on the signal intensity waveform curve is a current actual level coordinate value of the settlement target, and subtracts an initial calibration value from the level coordinate of each point measured at this time to obtain a vertical displacement value delta of each settlement targetn，δn＝Hn-H0Thus to this endThe purpose of monitoring the deep settlement of the stratum is achieved;
and 5: and after each measurement, removing the monitoring control module and the data acquisition and processing module, and recovering the mounting hole protective cover.
9. The method for layered settlement monitoring of deep soil in soft soil formations according to claim 8, wherein the step 1 comprises:
step 11, drilling and excavating the guide hole at the monitoring point position by using a drilling machine, and simultaneously performing follow-up sinking by using a wall protection sleeve;
step 12, arranging the settlement marks in the stratum around the measuring pipe, so that the settlement marks are vertically arranged at intervals and a certain distance is reserved between each settlement mark and the measuring pipe;
step 13, placing the measuring tube into the wall protection sleeve, filling a gap between the measuring tube and the wall protection sleeve, then lifting the wall protection sleeve out of the ground surface to further ensure filling compactness, and finally arranging an orifice protective cover at the top of the measuring tube;
and 14, removing the orifice protective cover at the top of the measuring pipe, installing a monitoring control module at the upper end of the measuring pipe, communicating the liquid injection leveling device with the measuring pipe through a measuring pipe joint sleeve, injecting liquid into the measuring pipe through the liquid injection leveling device, and setting the liquid level of liquid in the liquid injection leveling device according to a reference point, wherein the reference point is a stratum displacement fixed point which is set outside an engineering influence range.
10. A method of stratified soil settlement monitoring in deep layers of a soft soil formation as claimed in claim 9, wherein said step 12 comprises:
step 121, installing a radial subsidence mark implanting device, wherein the radial subsidence mark implanting device comprises a mark implanting control box, a traction wire and a mark implanting device, the mark implanting device is positioned in a wall protecting sleeve, the wall protecting sleeve is provided with a series of mark implanting reserved holes in the sleeve body according to the requirement of a vertical layered monitoring position in advance, the mark implanting reserved holes are sealed by rubber sheets in advance, the mark implanting device comprises a mark box, a micro multi-stage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder and a micro hydraulic power unit, the mark box comprises a mark box shell and a spiral spring, the subsidence marks are transversely arranged and sequentially stacked in the mark box shell, the space where the lowermost subsidence mark in the mark box shell is positioned is a transmitting bin, the spiral spring is arranged in the mark box shell and positioned between the uppermost subsidence mark and a top plate of the mark box shell, and the spiral spring can push the subsidence marks to the transmitting bin one by one, the device comprises a miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, a standard box shell, a standard box support, a standard box support, a standard box and a standard box, wherein the standard;
step 122, radially implanting the settlement mark in the launching bin into the stratum through a corresponding mark implanting prepared hole on the retaining wall sleeve by the extension motion of a multistage large-stroke telescopic ejector rod of the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder, wherein a certain distance is required to be ensured between the settlement mark implanted in the stratum and the retaining wall sleeve, and after the mark implanting is completed, the miniature multistage telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder retracts the telescopic ejector rod, and meanwhile, the next settlement mark in a lower box is ejected to enter the launching bin under the driving action of the spiral spring;
and 123, driving the traction wire to gradually lift the beacon implanting device by the beacon implanting control box, enabling the settlement beacon emitting opening in the beacon implanting device emitting bin to reach the position of the next beacon implanting reserved hole in the retaining wall sleeve, and repeating the step 121 to implant the corresponding settlement targets until all the beacon implanting operations of the settlement targets are completed.
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