CN111058425A - Ecological riverbed structure and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological riverbed structure and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of ecological water conservancy, wherein the ecological riverbed structure comprises: a waterproof layer; a filler body; a nutrient slow-release blanket; a water conduit; the microorganism embedding box is embedded in the upper layer of the filler body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the box body; the microorganism embedding box is suitable for placing microorganism communities. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the microorganism embedding box is embedded in the upper layer of the filler body, the box body is provided with the plurality of through holes, and the microorganism community is placed in the box body, so that the microorganisms can be continuously and slowly released into the filler body, the microorganisms are prevented from being frequently put into the filler body, the nutrient slow-release blanket can provide nutrient substances for the microorganisms, the survival time of the microorganisms is prolonged, and the sewage purification efficiency is ensured.

Description

Ecological riverbed structure and construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological water conservancy, in particular to an ecological riverbed structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

The river and lake water system is an important surface water channel for water resource circulation of the earth and is an important component of ecological environment. The device has certain pollutant holding and degrading capacity and can naturally digest certain pollutants. And the closed land canalization and hardening transformation behaviors of the river channel in the human urbanization construction process can destroy the ecological system of the river, isolate the material energy information exchange between the river and the surrounding soil, reduce the water body purification capacity of the river and weaken the natural ecological attributes and functions of the river.

At present, various industrial sewage and domestic sewage in cities are treated by sewage treatment plants and then discharged into rivers through sewage discharge pipelines, rainwater collected by a rainwater pipe network system is also discharged into the rivers through pipelines, and a large amount of organic pollutants, pathogen bacteria and heavy metal ions are brought to the rivers, so that a serious stress effect is caused, and the water quality pollution, the water environment damage and the water ecology degradation of the rivers are caused. Part of water in the river finally flows into underground water through osmosis, serious water resource waste can be caused due to serious leakage, and pollutants and harmful substances carried in the water osmosis process can enter the underground water to cause underground water pollution and finally harm human health and industrial and agricultural production.

In order to solve the above problems, patent document No. CN106927572A discloses an ecological active bank of river and a method for manufacturing the same, the ecological active bank of river comprises an impermeable layer, an ecological active medium layer, a sewage distribution pipe, a microorganism feeding pipe, an isolation film, a non-woven fabric isolation layer, an ecological concrete protection layer, a vegetable layer and a microorganism bed, and the manufacturing method comprises the steps of constructing a water diversion building, cleaning a bank foundation, paving the impermeable layer, paving a lower ecological active medium layer, paving a sewage distribution pipe, paving an upper ecological active medium layer, constructing an ecological concrete protection layer and cultivating organisms in the ecological active medium layer. The artificial water bank with strong ecological activity is constructed, and the purification functions of isolation, absorption, decomposition, sedimentation and the like are realized on the polluted river water body pollutants.

Above-mentioned technical scheme adopts the microorganism to put in the pipe and puts in the microorganism, and this kind of input mode is once only for putting in all microorganisms, puts in the cycle weak point, needs frequent microorganism pipe through put in the microorganism, causes comparatively frequent maintenance to the riverbed structure.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect of frequent maintenance of the riverbed structure in the prior art, thereby providing an ecological riverbed structure and a construction method thereof.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an ecological riverbed structure, comprising:

the waterproof layer is positioned at the bottom layer of the ecological riverbed;

the filler body is laid above the waterproof layer;

the nutrition slow release blanket is provided with a plurality of strips which are paved in the filler body at intervals;

one end of the water conduit extends into the filler body, and the other end of the water conduit is communicated with the outside;

the microorganism embedding box is embedded in the upper layer of the filler body, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the box body; the microorganism embedding box is suitable for placing microorganism communities.

As a preferred embodiment, the microorganism embedding box comprises:

the outer shell is fixed inside one side of the filler body;

an inner box movably mounted inside the outer shell, the inner box adapted to house a microbial community.

As a preferred technical scheme, the nutrition slow release device further comprises a nutrition slow release blanket arranged inside the filler body, and the nutrition slow release blanket comprises:

a blanket body;

the biological stuffing is villus which is fixed on the surface of the blanket body.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises:

and the water collecting tank is arranged on the river bank and communicated with one end of the water diversion pipeline, which is used for being communicated with the outside.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises: and the water distribution pipeline is laid in the filler body and is communicated with one end of the water diversion pipeline, which is used for extending into the filler body, and the pipe wall of the water distribution pipeline is provided with a plurality of through holes.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises:

one end of the pressure pipeline is connected with the water distribution pipeline, and the other end of the pressure pipeline is connected with a water pump.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises:

a planting soil layer laid above the filler body;

and the ecological concrete layer is laid above the planting soil layer and the filler body.

As a preferred technical solution, the water-cooled type water:

the inverted filter layer comprises gravel, and the grain size of the gravel ranges from 2mm to 6 mm.

The permeability reducing layer is laid above the reverse filtering layer and comprises porphyritic powder, sawdust powder and soil, and the particle size of the porphyritic powder, the sawdust powder and the soil is less than 0.5 mm;

the cushion layer is arranged above the permeability reducing layer and comprises fine sand; the waterproof layer is laid above the cushion layer.

As a preferred technical solution, the method further comprises:

the percolation layer is arranged on one side, far away from the bank slope, of the filler body and is laid above the cushion layer, the percolation layer comprises zeolite, gravel, soil and activated carbon particles, and the particle size range of the zeolite, the gravel, the soil and the activated carbon is 16-20 mm;

the protective layer is paved above the percolation layer and comprises pebbles, and the particle size range of the pebbles is 2 cm-8 cm;

as a preferred technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps;

arranging a waterproof layer, and paving a waterproof structure on the bottom surface of the ecological riverbed;

arranging a water diversion pipeline, paving the water diversion pipeline in the bank slope, extending one end of the water diversion pipeline into the ecological riverbed, and communicating the other end of the water diversion pipeline with the outside;

laying a filler body and a nutrition slow release blanket, laying the filler body above the waterproof structure, and arranging a plurality of nutrition slow release blankets in the filler body at intervals;

and arranging a microorganism embedding box, and embedding the microorganism embedding box in the upper layer of the filler body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the waterproof layer is arranged at the bottom of the ecological riverbed, the filler bodies are laid above the waterproof layer, the water diversion pipeline extends into the filler bodies, the waterproof layer can isolate the filler bodies from a bank slope, and after sewage introduced by the water diversion pipeline enters the filler bodies, the waterproof layer can enable the sewage to slowly permeate the bank slope, so that the purification time of the filler bodies on the sewage is prolonged. Microorganism embedding case buries underground the upper strata at the obturator, has seted up a plurality of through-holes on the box, and the microbial community has been placed to inside, the internal portion of obturator is provided with many nutrition slow release blankets, place the microbial community in the microorganism embedding case, can realize that the microorganism lasts slowly to releasing in the obturator, avoid frequently to the internal throwing in microorganism of obturator, nutrition slow release blanket can provide nutritive substance for the microorganism, increases the survival time of microorganism, guarantees the purification efficiency to sewage.

2. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the microorganism embedding box comprises the outer shell and the inner box, the outer shell is fixed in the filler body to prevent the position of the filler body from being changed due to the washing of water flow, the inner box is movably arranged in the outer shell, a microorganism community is placed in the inner box, and when the microorganism community needs to be replaced, the outer shell is only required to be opened, the inner box is taken out, and a new inner box in which the microorganism community is placed in the outer shell, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

3. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the water collecting tank is arranged on the river bank and is communicated with the water diversion pipeline, sewage discharged by a sewage plant firstly enters the water collecting tank and enters the filler body through the water diversion pipeline, the water collecting tank can be arranged to avoid the phenomenon that the ecological riverbed structure is damaged due to the fact that the amount of the sewage discharged by the sewage plant is too large, and the flushing of the sewage on the filler body can be buffered.

4. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the water distribution pipeline is laid in the filler body and is communicated with the water diversion pipeline, the pipe wall of the water distribution pipeline is provided with a plurality of through holes, and sewage entering the water diversion pipeline can be uniformly discharged in the filler body through the through holes on the pipe wall by the water distribution pipeline, so that the fixed position of the filler body is prevented from being washed away.

5. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the pressure pipeline is communicated with the water distribution pipeline and is connected with the water pump, when pollutants in the water distribution pipeline are more, clean water can be introduced into the pressure pipeline through pressurization of the water pump, and the pollutants are washed away in the water distribution pipeline, so that the sewage discharge efficiency is improved.

6. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the ecological concrete layer has certain compression resistance and scouring resistance, so that the ecological riverbed structure is more stable.

7. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the layered riverbed structure is sequentially paved with the protective layer, the percolation layer and the cushion layer from bottom to top, and the protective layer can reduce scouring and erosion of the riverbed; the active carbon particles in the percolation layer can adsorb pollutants, and the porphyrite powder forms ion exchange colloid when meeting water to absorb heavy metal ions; the cushion layer is made of fine sand, so that damage such as piping, soil flowing and the like is prevented.

8. According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the permeability reducing layer is composed of porphyry, sawdust and soil, the reverse filter layer is composed of sand with small and medium particle sizes, and the stability of the ecological riverbed structure is further enhanced by the permeability reducing layer and the reverse filter layer.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a microorganism-embedding box;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner box;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a nutrition sustained-release blanket;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nutritional sustained-release blanket;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a layered riverbed structure.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a water collecting tank; 121. a reverse filtering layer; 122. a permeability reducing layer; 123. a cushion layer; 2. a water conduit; 3. a water distribution pipeline; 4. a pressure line; 5. an ecological concrete layer; 6. planting a soil layer; 7. a filler body; 8. a microorganism embedding box; 81. a housing; 82. an inner box; 821. a support frame; 822. an activated carbon filler; 823. a culture medium; 9. waterfront plants; 10. a nutrient slow-release blanket; 101. a blanket body; 1011. polypropylene fibers; 1012. non-woven polyester fabric; 102. biological filler fluff; 11. a waterproof layer; 12. a layered riverbed structure; 13. a percolation layer; 14. and a protective layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, for a specific embodiment of the ecological riverbed structure provided by the present invention, the waterproof layer 11 is disposed at the bottom of the ecological riverbed, the filler 7 is laid above the waterproof layer 11, the water conduit 2 extends into the filler 7, the waterproof layer 11 can isolate the filler 7 from the bank slope, and after the water conduit 2 introduces the sewage into the filler 7, the waterproof layer 11 can slowly permeate the sewage into the bank slope, thereby increasing the time for purifying the sewage by the filler 7. Microorganism embedding case 8 buries underground the upper strata at obturator 7, a plurality of through-holes have been seted up on the box, and the microorganism community has been placed to inside, obturator 7 is inside to be provided with many nutrition slow release blankets 10, place the microorganism community in microorganism embedding case 8, can realize that the microorganism lasts slowly to releasing in the obturator 7, avoid frequently putting into the microorganism in the obturator 7, nutrition slow release blanket 10 can provide nutritive materials for the microorganism, increase the survival time of microorganism, guarantee the purification efficiency to sewage.

As shown in fig. 2, the microorganism-embedded box 8 of the ecological riverbed structure according to the present invention includes an outer casing 81 and an inner box 82, the outer casing 81 is fixed inside the packing body 7 to prevent the change of position due to the washing of water, the inner box 82 is movably installed in the outer casing 81, the microorganism community is placed in the inner box 82, and when the microorganism community needs to be changed, it is only necessary to open the outer casing 81, take out the inner box 82, and put a new inner box 82 in which the microorganism community is placed in the outer casing 81, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the inner case 82 includes a support 821, activated carbon fillers 822, and a culture medium 823. The microbial community of cultivation accessible inner box 82 is fixed in the box within range, keeps higher biological activity, and microorganism concentration is high, and the antiscour ability is strong, is favorable to the high-efficient water purification of permanent cycle. The culture medium 823 comprises a braided fiber filler, two ends of the braided fiber band are fixed to the support frame 821, the fiber band is in a natural bending state in the inner box 82, a large number of nano fabrics are fixed in a puncturing mode, and the nano fabric is hydrophilic, oleophilic, high in surface roughness, good in adsorption characteristic and good in biological activity; the activated carbon filler 822 is a columnar activated carbon material, has the diameter of 4-6 mm and the length of 3-6 mm, and plays a role in adsorbing and supporting the culture medium 823; the culture medium 823 comprises water purification microorganisms, and when the pollutants pass through the culture medium 823, the water purification microorganisms in the culture medium 823 can efficiently degrade, consume and pollute the water, and play a role in efficiently purifying water quality and water body.

Specifically, waterproof layer 11 is the bentonite waterproof blanket, preferably uses flexible GCL bentonite waterproof blanket, and the waterproof blanket is the U-shaped, lays on both sides limit and the base of filler 7, including wrapping up filler 7, plays the parcel effect that blocks water, possesses lower water permeability, can block filler 7 and bank slope direct contact, when distribution pipe 3 releases sewage, increases sewage at the contact time of filler 7, and 3 play water direct contact riversides of separation distribution pipe.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the nutrition slow-release blanket 10 includes a blanket body 101 and biological stuffing fluff 102, the blanket body 101 is composed of a polypropylene fiber 1011 and a non-woven polyester fabric 1012, and wraps up nutrients, the blanket body 101 is provided with a large number of needle holes, has good reverse filtration function, can fix the nutrients, and only allows a small amount of nutrient molecules to pass through, slowly releases nutrient elements, and provides main nutrient elements for microorganisms of the stuffing body 7; the biological filler fluff 102 is composed of vinylon and polypropylene composite fibers, is in an elastic fluff state, is a semi-flexible biological material with a large specific surface area and good adsorption, can float to a certain extent along with water flow in water, can adsorb and fix a large amount of nutrient substances, creates good conditions for the survival and the propagation of microorganisms and the biofilm formation, and quickly forms a microbial film in the water.

According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the water collecting tank 1 is arranged on the river bank and is communicated with the water diversion pipeline 2, sewage discharged by a sewage plant firstly enters the water collecting tank 1 and then enters the filler body 7 through the water diversion pipeline 2, the water collecting tank 1 can be arranged to prevent the ecological riverbed structure from being damaged due to the fact that the sewage discharged by the sewage plant is too large, and the flushing of the filler body 7 by the sewage can be buffered.

According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the water distribution pipeline 3 is laid in the filler body 7 and is communicated with the water diversion pipeline 2, the pipe wall of the water distribution pipeline 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and sewage entering the water diversion pipeline 2 can be uniformly discharged in the filler body 7 through the through holes on the pipe wall by the water distribution pipeline 3, so that the fixed position of the filler body 7 is prevented from being washed.

According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the pressure pipeline 4 is communicated with the water distribution pipeline 3 and is connected with the water pump, when pollutants in the water distribution pipeline 3 are more, clean water can be introduced into the pressure pipeline 4 through pressurization of the water pump, and the pollutants are washed in the water distribution pipeline 3, so that the sewage discharge efficiency is improved.

According to the ecological riverbed structure provided by the invention, the planting soil layer 6 is paved above the filler body 7, the paving thickness is 20-30 cm, and the planting soil layer 6 provides certain nutrition and a good rooting living environment for the waterfront plants 9.

The ecological concrete layer 5 is laid above the planting soil layer 6 and the filler bodies 7, the exposed parts of the filler bodies 7 are completely covered, the laying thickness is 10-20 cm, the ecological concrete layer 5 has certain compression resistance and scouring resistance, the filler bodies 7 and the planting soil layer 6 are consolidated into an integral structure, the filler bodies 7 and soil are protected, and the ecological riverbed structure is more stable. Meanwhile, the ecological concrete layer 5 has certain ecological affinity, the porosity is greater than 30%, small particulate matters and nutrient substances in the water body can pass through the pores, and plants can grow downwards after passing through the ecological concrete layer 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the layered riverbed structure 12 is sequentially paved with a reverse filter layer 121, a permeability reducing layer 122 and a cushion layer 123 from bottom to top, wherein the reverse filter layer 121 is made of gravel with a particle size of 2-6 mm, so as to prevent soil from flowing; the permeability reducing layer 122 comprises porphyry powder and sawdust powder, the particle size is less than 0.5mm, the porphyry powder and the sawdust powder are rapidly expanded after contacting water, partial soil gaps are closed, and the soil strength is enhanced; the bedding 123 is made of fine sand to prevent damage such as piping, flowing soil, etc.

The percolation layer 13 comprises zeolite, gravel, soil and activated carbon particles, the thickness of the percolation layer is 30-50 cm, a large amount of pollutants in water can be absorbed, a large amount of pollutants are decomposed and degraded through microorganisms, pathogen bacteria are reduced, the water seepage body under the river is purified, the activated carbon particles in the percolation layer can absorb the pollutants, and ion exchange colloid is formed when the porphyrite powder meets water to absorb heavy metal ions;

the protective layer 14 is of a pebble structure, the particle size range is 2-8 cm, the laying thickness is 10-20 cm, and scouring and erosion of a river bed can be reduced.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological riverbed structure, comprising:

the waterproof layer (11) is positioned at the bottom layer of the ecological riverbed;

the filler body (7) is laid above the waterproof layer (11);

the nutrition slow release blanket (10) is provided with a plurality of strips which are paved in the filler body (7) at intervals;

one end of the water conduit (2) extends into the filler body (7), and the other end is communicated with the outside;

the microorganism embedding box (8) is embedded in the upper layer of the filler body (7), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the box body; the microorganism embedding box (8) is suitable for placing microorganism communities.

2. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the microorganism-embedded box (8) comprises:

a housing (81) fixed inside the filler body (7) on one side;

an inner box (82) movably mounted inside the outer shell (81), the inner box (82) being adapted to house a microbial community.

3. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, further comprising a nutrient-releasing blanket (10) provided inside the filler body (7), the nutrient-releasing blanket (10) comprising:

a blanket body (101);

the biological stuffing villus (102) is fixed on the surface of the blanket body (101).

4. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, further comprising:

the water collecting tank (1) is arranged on the river bank and communicated with one end, used for being communicated with the outside, of the water diversion pipeline (2).

5. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, further comprising: the water distribution pipeline (3) is laid in the filler body (7) and communicated with one end, used for extending into the filler body (7), of the water diversion pipeline (2), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water distribution pipeline (3).

6. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 5, further comprising:

one end of the pressure pipeline (4) is connected with the water distribution pipeline (3), and the other end is connected with a water pump.

7. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, further comprising:

a planting soil layer (6) laid above the filler body (7);

and the ecological concrete layer (5) is laid above the planting soil layer (6) and the filler body (7).

8. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 1, further comprising a layered riverbed structure (12) laid under the packing elements (7), the layered riverbed structure (12) comprising:

a reverse filter layer (121) comprising gravel having a particle size in the range of 2mm to 6 mm;

the permeability reducing layer (122) is laid above the reverse filtering layer (121), the permeability reducing layer (122) comprises porphyra maculata powder, sawdust powder and soil, and the particle size of the porphyra maculata powder, the sawdust powder and the soil is less than 0.5 mm;

a bedding layer (123) disposed above the permeability reducing layer (122), the bedding layer (123) comprising fine sand; the waterproof layer (11) is laid above the cushion layer (123).

9. The ecological riverbed structure according to claim 8, further comprising:

the infiltration layer (13) is arranged on one side, far away from a bank slope, of the filler body (7) and is laid above the cushion layer (123), the infiltration layer (13) comprises zeolite, gravel, soil and activated carbon particles, and the particle size range of the zeolite, the gravel, the soil and the activated carbon is 16-20 mm;

the protective layer (14) is laid above the infiltration layer (13), the protective layer (14) comprises pebbles, and the particle size range of the pebbles is 2 cm-8 cm.

10. A construction method of an ecological riverbed structure is characterized by comprising the following steps;

arranging a waterproof layer (11), and paving a waterproof structure on the bottom surface of the ecological riverbed;

arranging a water conduit (2), and paving the water conduit (2) in a bank slope to ensure that one end of the water conduit (2) extends into the ecological riverbed and the other end is communicated with the outside;

laying a filler body (7) and a nutrition slow-release blanket (10), laying the filler body (7) above the waterproof structure, and arranging a plurality of nutrition slow-release blankets (10) in the filler body (7) at intervals;

a microorganism embedding box (8) is arranged, and the microorganism embedding box (8) is embedded in the upper layer of the filler body (7).

Images